Deficits In Organization Research Articles

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN THE SPATIAL CONSTRUCTION OF COLOR MODELS IN STUDENTS WITH AND WITHOUT LEARNING DIFFICULTIES

The effectiveness of the spatial construction of models is directly related to the degree of internal spatio-temporal structuring and organization which, in turn, depends on the degree of the functional optimization of the subjects of the action. The objective of this study is to detect neuropsychological differences in executive functions, between students with and without learning difficulties, in terms of attempts and time spent performing spatial construction tasks. The research hypothesis states that there are differences in the number of attempts and time spent when performing spatial tasks, with greater expressiveness in students with learning difficulties. In methodology, the resource focused on the neuropsychological instrument of spatial construction used colored models based on the manipulation of four Kohs cubes; as well as neuropsychological observation and psychological interview. The results show that at most ages the tendency is for students with learning difficulties to make a greater number of attempts and spend more time performing tasks related to spatial construction tests, compared to students without learning difficulties. In conclusion, it is inferred that students with learning difficulties tend to present internal spatio-temporal structuring and organization deficits, which result from deficits in the operability of executive functions.

Microsystem and intrapersonal variables associated with middle school achievement: The important role of engagement

Through an ecological theory lens, the purpose of the current study was to examine variables that most strongly influence middle school academic achievement among a sample of 240 sixth-eighth graders in the Midwest. The purpose was to explore whether student academic organizational practices uniquely predicted middle school achievement, and whether intrapersonal variables (engagement, metacognition, and student organization/academic practices) moderated relationships between contextual factors (parent, teacher, and peer support) and achievement. The combination of contextual and intrapersonal variables accounted for variance in achievement. Engagement was the intrapersonal factor that consistently contributed to the models. Metacognition moderated peer support and academic achievement. When school engagement becomes a primary focus, versus only attempting to remediate metacognitive and organizational deficits, this can pave a more accessible path for both educators and parents to teach other skills that are essential to educational attainment and occupational success. Implications for interventions targeting student participation, attention, and effort are discussed.

AGE-RELATED MECHANISMS OF ALTERED TENDON STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

During aging, tendons demonstrate substantial disruptions in homeostasis, leading to impairments in structure-function. Impaired tendon function contributes to substantial declines quality of life during aging. Aged tendons are more likely to undergo spontaneous rupture, and the healing response following injury is impaired in aged tendons. Thus, there is a need to develop strategies to maintain tendon homeostasis and healing capacity through the lifespan. Tendon cell density sharply declines by ∼12 months of age in mice, and this low cell density is retained in geriatric tendons. Our data suggests that this decline in cellularity initiates a degenerative cascade due to insufficient production of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components needed to maintain tendon homeostasis. Thus, preventing this decline in tendon cellularity has great potential for maintaining tendon health. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis identifies two changes in the aged tendon cell environment. First, aged tendons primarily lose tenocytes that are associated with ECM biosynthesis functions. Second, the tenocytes that remain in aged tendons have disruptions in proteostasis and an increased pro-inflammatory phenotype, with these changes collectively termed ‘programmatic skewing'. To determine which of these changes drives homeostatic disruption, we developed a model of tenocyte depletion in young animals. This model decreases tendon cellularity to that of an aged tendon, including decreased biosynthetic tenocyte function, while age-related programmatic skewing is absent. Loss of biosynthetic tenocyte function in young tendons was sufficient to induce homeostatic disruption comparable to natural aging, including deficits in ECM organization, composition, and material quality, suggesting loss biosynthetic tenocytes as an initiator of tendon degeneration. In contrast, our data suggest that programmatic skewing underpins impaired healing in aged tendons. Indeed, despite similar declines in the tenocyte environment, middle-aged and young-depleted tendons mount a physiological healing response characterized by robust ECM synthesis and remodeling, while aged tendons heal with insufficient ECM.

Personality organisation and mentalisation in group of individuals with alcohol use disorder

Introduction and objective: The personality organisation model proposed by Otto F. Kernberg allows for describing an individual at different levels of personality organisation: healthy/neurotic and higher/moderate/low borderline. It is assumed that there is a correlation between an individual’s ability to mentalise and the level of personality organisation. The aim of the study was to find out whether there is a relationship between personality organisation and the ability to mentalise in a group of alcohol-dependent individuals. Materials and methods: The research was conducted in a group of 91 alcohol-dependent individuals. The mean age of the respondents was 43.50 years (standard deviation, SD = 12.90). The research used the Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO) by John F. Clarkin, Pamela A. Foelsch and Otto F. Kernberg, the Mentalization Scale by Aleksandar Dimitrijević et al., the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test published by the Polish Agency for the Identification of Alcohol-Related Problems and an original sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The study showed significant correlations between different aspects of personality organisation and mentalisation. The higher the severity of abnormalities in personality organisation, the lower the ability to mentalise. Alcohol-dependent men and women were also shown to differ significantly in their ability to mentalise, intensity of aggression and moral values. Conclusions: The study showed that the ability to mentalise in alcohol-dependent individuals decreases with increasing deficits in personality organisation, which seems to be relevant for the design of therapeutic interventions.

Interneuron odyssey: molecular mechanisms of tangential migration.

Cortical GABAergic interneurons are critical components of neural networks. They provide local and long-range inhibition and help coordinate network activities involved in various brain functions, including signal processing, learning, memory and adaptative responses. Disruption of cortical GABAergic interneuron migration thus induces profound deficits in neural network organization and function, and results in a variety of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders including epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. It is thus of paramount importance to elucidate the specific mechanisms that govern the migration of interneurons to clarify some of the underlying disease mechanisms. GABAergic interneurons destined to populate the cortex arise from multipotent ventral progenitor cells located in the ganglionic eminences and pre-optic area. Post-mitotic interneurons exit their place of origin in the ventral forebrain and migrate dorsally using defined migratory streams to reach the cortical plate, which they enter through radial migration before dispersing to settle in their final laminar allocation. While migrating, cortical interneurons constantly change their morphology through the dynamic remodeling of actomyosin and microtubule cytoskeleton as they detect and integrate extracellular guidance cues generated by neuronal and non-neuronal sources distributed along their migratory routes. These processes ensure proper distribution of GABAergic interneurons across cortical areas and lamina, supporting the development of adequate network connectivity and brain function. This short review summarizes current knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling cortical GABAergic interneuron migration, with a focus on tangential migration, and addresses potential avenues for cell-based interneuron progenitor transplants in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy.

Personality functioning and self-disorders in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis, with first-episode psychosis and with borderline personality disorder.

Assessment of personality functioning in different stages of psychotic disorders could provide valuable information on psychopathology, course of illness and treatment planning, but empirical data are sparse. To investigate personality functioning and sense of self in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and with first-episode psychosis (FEP) in comparison with a clinical control group of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and healthy controls. In a cross-sectional design, we investigated personality functioning (Structured Interview of Personality Organization, STIPO; Level of Personality Functioning Scale, LPFS) and disturbances of the basic self (Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience, EASE) in 107 participants, comprising 24 individuals at UHR, 29 individuals with FEP, 27 individuals with BPD and 27 healthy controls. The UHR, FEP and BPD groups had moderate to severe deficits in personality organisation (STIPO) compared with the healthy control group. Self-functioning with its subdomain (facet) 'self-direction' (LPFS) was significantly worse in participants with manifest psychosis (FEP) compared with those at-risk for psychosis (UHR). The FEP group showed significantly worse overall personality functioning than the UHR group and significantly higher levels of self-disturbance (EASE) than the BPD group, with the UHR group lying between these diagnostic groups. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on the seven STIPO domains yielded three clusters differing in level of personality functioning and self-disturbances. Our data demonstrate that psychotic disorders are associated with impaired personality functioning and self-disturbances. Assessment of personality functioning can inform treatment planning for patients at different stages of psychotic disorder.

Pain therapy in children following ophthalmic surgery

Pain following eye surgery is often described as being relatively moderate; however, there are also procedures that lead to apronounced pain experience. Particularly in pediatric patients, pain therapy is often insufficient due to alack of knowledge and fear of complications. These individual and organizational deficits lead to unnecessary discomfort for children and parents. Each institution providing surgical treatment must have pain management concepts in its portfolio for the appropriate age groups. This includes achild-oriented setting, age-appropriate information, systematic pain assessment, and pain protocols. Pain management should be planned prior to surgery and individually adapted as it progresses. Children have aright to aperioperative course with low stress and pain.

Justification of a Deficit Mentality in a Division I Intercollegiate Athletic Department

In the competitive context of Division I (DI) intercollegiate sport, an unwillingness to undertake change can often reflect the attitudes of complacency on the part of stakeholders, that their institution is doing an adequate job in providing the optimal experience for its student-athletes, or resignation, that they can do no more to increase success. This paper examines New State University’s, a pseudonym for a DI Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), organizational deficit thinking. It demonstrates prevalent deficit thinking in intercollegiate athletics and offers suggestions to reframe such thinking. Schroeder’s (2010) case study cultural framework was used and the interaction of four collegiate environments examined. These were institutional culture, leadership and power, internal athletic department, and external athletic department. Data collection and triangulation analysis included 36 interviews, researcher observations, photos, archival data, and social media. The complexity of assumptions, traditions, deeply held beliefs, and values suggests a proud sense of identity projected to the outside world that, nevertheless, prevents the internal athletic department’s ability to address perennial deficit thinking. In this case, the nexus justifying deficit thinking centered on geographical location of the university. Specifically, location was blamed for team losses, inability to retain quality coaches, and a negative culture of fandom. On a larger scale, deficit thinking may be prevalent in many DI universities attempting to compete with the few programs with perennial championships across sports.

Teaching Medical Microbiology With a Web-Based Course During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Before-and-After Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed unprecedented hurdles on health care systems and medical faculties alike. Lecturers of practical courses at medical schools have been confronted with the challenge of transferring knowledge remotely. We sought to evaluate the effects of a web-based medical microbiology course on learning outcomes and student perceptions. During the summer term of 2020, medical students at Saarland University, Germany, participated in a web-based medical microbiology course. Teaching content comprised clinical scenarios, theoretical knowledge, and instructive videos on microbiological techniques. Test performance, failure rate, and student evaluations, which included open-response items, for the web-based course were compared to those of the on-site course from the summer term of 2019. Student performance was comparable between both the online-only group and the on-site comparator for both the written exam (n=100 and n=131, respectively; average grade: mean 7.6, SD 1.7 vs mean 7.3, SD 1.8; P=.20) and the oral exam (n=86 and n=139, respectively; average grade: mean 33.6, SD 4.9 vs mean 33.4, SD 4.8; P=.78). Failure rate did not significantly differ between the online-only group and the comparator group (2/84, 2.4% vs 4/120, 3.3%). While lecturer expertise was rated similarly as high by students in both groups (mean 1.47, SD 0.62 vs mean 1.27, SD 0.55; P=.08), students who took the web-based course provided lower scores for interdisciplinarity (mean 1.7, SD 0.73 vs mean 2.53, SD 1.19; P<.001), opportunities for interaction (mean 1.46, SD 0.67 vs mean 2.91, SD 1.03; P<.001), and the extent to which the educational objectives were defined (mean 1.61, SD 0.76 vs mean 3.41, SD 0.95; P<.001). Main critiques formulated within the open-response items concerned organizational deficits. Web-based courses in medical microbiology are a feasible teaching option, especially in the setting of a pandemic, leading to similar test performances in comparison to on-site courses. The lack of interaction and the sustainability of acquired manual skills warrant further research.

Facilitators and barriers of vaccine uptake in patients with autoimune inflammatory rheumatic disease: a scoping review

ObjectivesPatients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRD) often have lower vaccination coverage rates compared with the general population, despite being disproportionately affected by infectious complications. We aim to systematically review...

Woman, Life, Freedom in Iran

Iran’s traumatised ‘Burnt Generation’ hoped that peaceful reform would eventually bring real change in the Islamic Republic’s repressive policies and ‘morality policing’. Despite the occasional tilt towards reform, however, the clerical autocracy invariably reasserted itself with brutal crackdowns and rigged elections. But the regime could not address the root causes of popular dissatisfaction. When Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old woman from Iran’s Kurdistan region, died in custody after being arrested for improperly wearing her hijab, a national wave of protests arose. Less scarred than the Burnt Generation but still burdened with repression, corruption and international sanctions, Amini’s generation is more willing to court risk. In addition, social media have offset organisational deficits and encouraged Iranians to forge solidarity. The new generation of dissenters now seems ready to match the fervour of the regime’s supporters. This is potentially a strategic shift that could drastically change Iran’s political landscape.

The Police, Extrajudicial Killings and Imperatives for Reforms in the Nigerian Fourth Republic

Extrajudicial killings attributed to personnel of the Nigerian Police in the conduct of their constitutional duties and responsibilities have become prevalent in recent times. They have been accused of human rights violations, torture, brutality, and unlawful killings of varying proportions. This palpable, yet injurious trend has become a strain on effective policing and security in Nigeria. This paper examines the role of the Nigeria Police Force in extrajudicial killings in the course of discharging their duties since the return to civilian rule in 1999 and how Police reforms can help increase police accountability. The paper was anchored on the organizational theory of police behavior and adopts a qualitative approach by reviewing the literature on extrajudicial killings by the Nigerian police as available in peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, media reports, newspapers, and international agencies reports. The findings show that the Nigerian Police have been largely complicit in extrajudicial killings. It also shows that organizational deficits such as corruption, lack of investigative infrastructure, lack of human rights training, poor working conditions, poor internal control, and the often-abused Order 237 are major factors that enhance the perpetuation of the incidence of extrajudicial killings by the Police. The study concluded that without a sincere approach toward reforming the Police, extrajudicial killings might become a dominant narrative. Therefore, the paper recommends that a comprehensive security reform of the Nigerian Police should be carried out in conjunction with the private sector and Civil Society Organizations in Nigeria.

Improving academic performance through a school-based intervention targeting academic executive functions – a pilot study

Background Academic challenges such as losing/not turning in assignments, misplacing materials, and inefficient studying are common in middle-school students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without intellectual disability. Deficits in organization, planning, prioritizing, memory/materials management, and studying skills [i.e. academic executive functioning (EF) deficits] contribute to these challenges. Objectives To assess the feasibility, satisfaction, and initial efficacy of the school-based version of the Achieving Independence and Mastery in School (AIMS) intervention in a proof-of-concept trial with 6 students with ASD. Methods 6 middle-schoolers with ASD without ID participated in AIMS. Parents and teachers rated academic EFs and functioning. Results Results suggest high feasibility, youth satisfaction, and improved EF skills and academic behaviors by parent and teacher report. Conclusion These promising results support further intervention development and suggest that academic EF skills are malleable in students with ASD.

Avaliação cognitiva após a evolução do tumor miofibroblástico cerebral na adolescência: relato de estudo de caso

ABSTRACT Objective To report the case of a teenager (12 years old) diagnosed with a brain tumor in the right frontal-parietal region emphasizing the main characteristics observed in neuropsychological examinations. Methods In the pre-surgical evaluation, the patient presented behavioral alterations, including deficits in verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, processing speed, and slight alterations regarding constructive praxis. Results A reevaluation after two years surgery revealed significant improvement in verbal and perceptual comprehension and constructive praxis while remaining a slight change in processing speed. These results suggest that the tumor’s surgical resection produced significant improvements in the patient’s neurocognitive context, especially in executive functions. This study also indicates that Neuropsychological evaluation are useful for pre- and post- surgical evaluation of cognitive functioning and its evolution. Conclusion Brain tumor causes cognitive and behavioral changes and its resection can result in improvements in the patient’s quality of life.

Social care practices and perspectives among U.S. pediatric emergency medicine fellowship programs.

The emergence of social emergency medicine-the incorporation of social context into the structure and practice of emergency care-has brought forth greater embracement of the social determinants of health by medical professionals, yet workforce practices and training have remained elusive. Academic literature particularly in the field of pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellowship training is lacking relative to general pediatrics and adult emergency medicine. The primary objective of this study was to assess the social care knowledge, perspectives, and training of PEM program directors (PDs) and fellows across a national cross-sectional sample. A secondary aim was to uncover key actionable areas for the development of social care curricula in PEM training programs. A social care practices assessment tool was developed via snowball sampling interviews among clinician researcher experts and disseminated to PEM PDs and fellows nationally in accredited academic PEM training institutions. A total of 153 participants-44 PDs (49% response rate) and 109 fellows (28%)-completed the assessment tool. Responses among PDs and fellows were highly concordant. Only 12% reported regular use of a standardized social needs screening tool. The majority felt unprepared to assist families with social needs and less than half felt comfortable talking to families about social need. At the same time, social care was highly valued by 73% of participants. All participants felt that providing social care training during PEM fellowship would be beneficial. PDs and fellows identified five priority areas for PEM curricular development. PEM PDs and fellows have an overall favorable perception of social care yet report significant deficits in current practice organization and training. This study is part of a larger national collaborative advocacy project to organize and advance social care delivery across academic PEM training institutions through evidence-based approaches, best practices, and expert consensus.

Exploring the relationship between ADHD, its common comorbidities, and their relationship to organizational skills.

BackgroundAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting numerous executive functioning skills, such as organizational skills. While the relationship between the inattention aspect of ADHD and poor organizational skills is well documented, it is still unclear if lower organizational skills are only associated with ADHD or if they are also associated with other comorbid disorders commonly diagnosed in conjunction with ADHD. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between organizational skills and ADHD in adults, as well as the impact of comorbid disorders on ADHD in relation to organizational skills.MethodsFour hundred seven (n = 201 with a diagnosis of ADHD) adults from the general population were recruited online. Participants completed a measure of organizational skills, measures assessing levels of ADHD, depression, and anxiety, and extensive demographic information related to their diagnosis of ADHD or other possible diagnosis.ResultsParticipants with a diagnosis of ADHD were significantly more likely to have a comorbid diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Organizational skills were significantly lower in individuals who reported having received a diagnosis of ADHD, but not in those with a past diagnosis of depression and anxiety. However, organizational skills were lower in individuals currently experiencing higher levels of depression and anxiety. The results of regression analyses suggest that levels of organizational skills are most strongly predicted by inattention and more weakly predicted by comorbid disorders.DiscussionThese results highlight the centrality of organizational skills deficit in ADHD as well as the influence of the inattention component over other components commonly observed in ADHD on organizational skills. Suggestions for treatment of ADHD in adults are discussed.

Analysis of Cyber Networks in a System Concept

The aim of the paper is to show that all cyber networks (such as telecommunication, IT or ICT networks) are systemically identical or very similar, although each of them is applied in another industry or economy field or includes other added functional elements. The effort is to show that systemic identity (similarity) of the mentioned networks identifies the same set of network security threats that can be solved using the same approaches and techniques. The integrative approach based on the systematic approach enables to effectively use the efforts of professionals and all means target to the actual problem solving. The mentioned networks classification to the cyber critical infrastructures is also made based on this concept. Cyber system and cyber networks are threatened by both, the internal system deficits (technical and organisational nature) and the wide range of disasters: natural disasters - impacts primarily on the technical resources; intentional events caused by human vandalism, theft, terrorist attacks; technological accidents; and failure of electricity supply; etc. They threaten individual humans, human groups and states by their technical and organisational deficits and by the IT disuse.

Impairment of visual working memory as endo-phenotypic marker for paranoid schizophrenia

Abstract Background Examination of cognitive endo-phenotypes is a modern approach for establishing genetic risk for schizophrenia. Visual working memory (VWM) is significantly impaired in cases with paranoid schizophrenia (PSch). Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) is a standardized neurocognitive instrument for accessing VWM. The aim of the study was to access VWM in patients with PSch and their first-grade relatives (FGR) and to compare the results with healthy controls. Methods We examined VWM in 108 patients with PSch - 66 males and 42 females; their mean age was 38.86±10.02 years and average disease severity 71,8±5,1 points measured on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The FGR group included 30 males and 28 females with a mean age 36.71±11.74 years. The control group consisted of 37 males and 23 females aged 35.68±11.36 years. The VWM in all cases was measured by BVRT. The study was approved by the University of Pleven Ethical Committee. Mann-Whitney U and z-tests were used for between-group comparisons. All correlations were interpreted as significant at 95% confidence level. Data processing was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics v.24. Results Patients with PSch showed lower correct answers and more total errors on BVRT as compared to their first-grade relatives (z= -6.482; p = 0.0001). They also made more omissions, distortions, perseverations, misplacement errors and had specific tendencies for changing angular figures with circles. First-grade relatives had greater total number of errors and more distortions, perseverations, misplacement errors and horizontal shifts compared to healthy controls. All differences were significant at p = 0.01 or even p = 0.001. Conclusions Both PSch and FGR show difficulties in space organization and/or have restricted analysis of perception and poor scheme of getting information. This illustrates a deficit in the hierarchical organization, planning and strategy development for visual perception resulted from the frontal disfunction. Key messages First-grade relatives of patients with paranoid schizophrenia show specific impairments of visual working memory which makes it suitable endo-phenotypic marker for paranoid schizophrenia. Visual working memory could be used in clinical scientific research for the purpose of differentiation of high-risk groups for schizophrenia.

BUILDING ORGANIZATIONAL SKILLS AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN YOUTH WITH ADHD: A WORKSHOP ON EMPIRICALLY SUPPORTED TREATMENTS THAT WORK FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Participants will be provided with content to effectively treat youth with ADHD using 2 efficacious treatments: one for children and one for teens. The lead authors of the manuals used in the RCT will present. Participants will learn methods for identifying children with ADHD who show impaired executive functioning (EF) and deficits in organization, time management, and planning (OTMP). Participants will learn how to engage youth and parents, guide parents in behavior management, build skills in youth, and obtain teacher support. Many youths with ADHD have impairing deficits in EF and OTMP by 2 clinical research teams. Organizational skills training (OST) for children and Supporting Teens’ Autonomy Daily (STAND) for teens address the gaps that youth with ADHD demonstrate. This Workshop provides training in 2 specialized treatments that address deficits in OTMP skills and EF. Participants will learn about OTMP and EF deficits and how to use these interventions. Participants will learn about treatment sessions, observe demonstrations of treatment, and practice treatment components in lecture, discussions, quizzes, and video demonstrations. The Workshop will be divided into 2 sections; practices for children first and teens second. Special content will focus on adaptations for telepsychiatry delivery and addressing virtual school demands. The results of the RCT comparing OST to a waitlist control found improvements in organizational skills, homework problems and family conflict, and academic productivity. The RCT for STAND found significant differences between STAND and treatment as usual. STAND participants were better organized and showed reduced disruptive behavior and ADHD symptoms, and their parents used contingency management strategies more often, and teens engaged in actions that contributed to improved grade point averages (GPAs). OST and STAND are efficacious in building skills for youth with ADHD. Skills improvements are associated with improved home and school functioning. This Workshop teaches how to apply these interventions.

ADGRL3, FGF1 and DRD4: Linkage and Association with Working Memory and Perceptual Organization Candidate Endophenotypes in ADHD.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neurobehavioral disorder that affects children worldwide, with detrimental long-term consequences in affected individuals. ADHD-affected patients display visual–motor and visuospatial abilities and skills that depart from those exhibited by non-affected individuals and struggle with perceptual organization, which might partially explain impulsive responses. Endophenotypes (quantifiable or dimensional constructs that are closely related to the root cause of the disease) might provide a more powerful and objective framework for dissecting the underlying neurobiology of ADHD than that of categories offered by the syndromic classification. In here, we explore the potential presence of the linkage and association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), harbored in genes implicated in the etiology of ADHD (ADGRL3, DRD4, and FGF1), with cognitive endophenotypes related to working memory and perceptual organization in 113 nuclear families. These families were ascertained from a geographical area of the Caribbean coast, in the north of Colombia, where the community is characterized by its ethnic diversity and differential gene pool. We found a significant association and linkage of markers ADGRL3-rs1565902, DRD4-rs916457 and FGF1-rs2282794 to neuropsychological tasks outlining working memory and perceptual organization such as performance in the digits forward and backward, arithmetic, similarities, the completion of figures and the assembly of objects. Our results provide strong support to understand ADHD as a combination of working memory and perceptual organization deficits and highlight the importance of the genetic background shaping the neurobiology, clinical complexity, and physiopathology of ADHD. Further, this study supplements new information regarding an ethnically diverse community with a vast African American contribution, where ADHD studies are scarce.