Organ-specific Stem Cells Research Articles

611 - Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: THE UK STEM CELL BANK: A RESOURCE FOR CELL THERAPY DEVELOPERS

611 - Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: THE UK STEM CELL BANK: A RESOURCE FOR CELL THERAPY DEVELOPERS

604 - Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE EFFECTS ON HEPATIC METABOLISM IN PRIMARY HUMAN HEPATOCYTES: A REVISED EVALUATION OF DONOR CELL FATE AFTER TRANSPLANTATION

604 - Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE EFFECTS ON HEPATIC METABOLISM IN PRIMARY HUMAN HEPATOCYTES: A REVISED EVALUATION OF DONOR CELL FATE AFTER TRANSPLANTATION

814 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: GRAPHENE DERIVATES FOR BONE TISSUE REGENERATION

814 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: GRAPHENE DERIVATES FOR BONE TISSUE REGENERATION

818 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: IS IMMUNOSUPPRESSION NECESSARY TO PREVENT NEURAL STEM CELL REJECTION IN PERINATAL BRAIN INJURY?

818 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: IS IMMUNOSUPPRESSION NECESSARY TO PREVENT NEURAL STEM CELL REJECTION IN PERINATAL BRAIN INJURY?

813 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AN ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP SYSTEM FOR THE JOINT TO MODEL AND STUDY OSTEOARTHRITIS

813 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AN ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP SYSTEM FOR THE JOINT TO MODEL AND STUDY OSTEOARTHRITIS

811 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT OF 3D ECM-RICH SUBSTRATES FOR WOUND HEALING APPLICATIONS

811 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT OF 3D ECM-RICH SUBSTRATES FOR WOUND HEALING APPLICATIONS

821 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: ELUCIDATION OF CHAIN-MIGRATION MEDIATED JAMMING-UNJAMMING TRANSITION IN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELL SHEET USING AGENT-BASED MODEL

821 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: ELUCIDATION OF CHAIN-MIGRATION MEDIATED JAMMING-UNJAMMING TRANSITION IN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELL SHEET USING AGENT-BASED MODEL

19 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: A SCAFFOLD-FREE GRAFT FOR LARGE CRITICAL SIZE BONE DEFECT: PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE TO CLINICAL PROOF OF CONCEPT

19 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: A SCAFFOLD-FREE GRAFT FOR LARGE CRITICAL SIZE BONE DEFECT: PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE TO CLINICAL PROOF OF CONCEPT

21 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING FOR CLEFT LIP AND PALATE PATIENTS: A MULTICENTER CLINICAL TRIAL

21 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING FOR CLEFT LIP AND PALATE PATIENTS: A MULTICENTER CLINICAL TRIAL

808 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: PERSONALIZED TISSUE-ENGINEERING THAT WILL REVOLUTIONIZE FUTURE MEDICINE

808 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: PERSONALIZED TISSUE-ENGINEERING THAT WILL REVOLUTIONIZE FUTURE MEDICINE

20 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: TISSUE ENGINEERED COGRAFTS SURVIVE AND REPAIR LASER INJURED RETINA

20 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: TISSUE ENGINEERED COGRAFTS SURVIVE AND REPAIR LASER INJURED RETINA

22 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL THAT MIMICS TISSUE DAMAGE OF COMPOSITE INJURIES TO TEST A REPAIR CELL THERAPY

22 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL THAT MIMICS TISSUE DAMAGE OF COMPOSITE INJURIES TO TEST A REPAIR CELL THERAPY

23 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT OF ZONAL COLLAGEN TYPE I AND II SCAFFOLDS FOR MENISCUS REPAIR

23 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPMENT OF ZONAL COLLAGEN TYPE I AND II SCAFFOLDS FOR MENISCUS REPAIR

810 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPING AND CHARACTERIZING AN OSTEOCHONDRAL-SYNOVIUM MODEL FOR EVALUATING PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS THERAPIES

810 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: DEVELOPING AND CHARACTERIZING AN OSTEOCHONDRAL-SYNOVIUM MODEL FOR EVALUATING PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS THERAPIES

817 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: TRANSLATING CELL THERAPIES FOR THE BRAIN: PERSPECTIVES FROM THE AUSTRALIAN CEREBRAL PALSY COMMUNITY

817 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: TRANSLATING CELL THERAPIES FOR THE BRAIN: PERSPECTIVES FROM THE AUSTRALIAN CEREBRAL PALSY COMMUNITY

822 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: PRECLINICAL AND MECHANISTIC STUDY OF MSC-INDUCED BONE REGENERATION IN MINI-PIGS

822 - Tissue Engineering, Embryonic, Organ and Other Tissue Specific Stem Cells: Late Breaking Abstract: PRECLINICAL AND MECHANISTIC STUDY OF MSC-INDUCED BONE REGENERATION IN MINI-PIGS

The Concept of "Cancer Stem Cells" in the Context of Classic Carcinogenesis Hypotheses and Experimental Findings.

In this Commentary, the operational definition of cancer stem cells or cancer initiating cells includes the ability of certain cells, found in a heterogeneous mixture of cells within a tumor, which are able to sustain growth of that tumor. However, that concept of cancer stem cells does not resolve the age-old controversy of two opposing hypotheses of the origin of the cancer, namely the stem cell hypothesis versus the de-differentiation or re-programming hypothesis. Moreover, this cancer stem concept has to take into account classic experimental observations, techniques, and concepts, such as the multi-stage, multi-mechanism process of carcinogenesis; roles of mutagenic, cytotoxic and epigenetic mechanisms; the important differences between errors of DNA repair and errors of DNA replication in forming mutations; biomarkers of known characteristics of normal adult organ-specific stem cells and of cancer stem cells; and the characteristics of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the carcinogenic process. In addition, vague and misleading terms, such as carcinogens, immortal and normal cells have to be clarified in the context of current scientific facts. The ultimate integration of all of these historic factors to provide a current understanding of the origin and characteristics of a cancer stem cell, which is required for a rational strategy for prevention and therapy for cancer, does not follow a linear path. Lastly, it will be speculated that there exists evidence of two distinct types of cancer stem cells, one that has its origin in an organ-specific adult stem cell that is ‘initiated’ in the stem cell stage, expressing the Oct4A gene and not expressing any connexin gene or having functional gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). The other cancer stem cell is derived from a stem cell that is initiated early after the Oct4A gene is suppressed and the connexin gene is expressed, which starts early differentiation, but it is blocked from terminal differentiation.

Role of Organ Specific Cancer Stem Cells in Organ Specific Cancer Progression

Since the cancer stem cells (CSC) have been identified in 1997 by Bonnet and Dick, more than 100,000 papers have been published on the CSC. Huge research on cancer stem cells helped the scientists to rethink about the cancer therapeutics as classic way of chemotherapy is ineffective because chemotherapy failed to kill these cells, the only reason of cancer relapse. The cancer theory of stem cells is one of the most trending theory in stem cells and cancer biology focusing on the understanding of biology of cancer cells for an enhanced and improved therapeutic approaches should be applied to cure the cancer. This mini-review is a short overview on the role of organ specific cancer stem cells in the organ specific cancer progression.

A Role for NF-κB in Organ Specific Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) account for tumor initiation, invasiveness, metastasis, and recurrence in a broad range of human cancers. Although being a key player in cancer development and progression by stimulating proliferation and metastasis and preventing apoptosis, the role of the transcription factor NF-κB in cancer stem cells is still underestimated. In the present review, we will evaluate the role of NF-κB in CSCs of glioblastoma multiforme, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, as well as cancer of the bone. Next to summarizing current knowledge regarding the presence and contribution of CSCs to the respective types of cancer, we will emphasize NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways directly involved in maintaining characteristics of cancer stem cells associated to tumor progression. Here, we will also focus on the status of NF-κB-activity predominantly in CSC populations and the tumor mass. Genetic alterations leading to NF-κB activity in glioblastoma, ependymoma, and multiple myeloma will be discussed.

Differential epithelial growth in tissue-engineered larynx and trachea generated from postnatal and fetal progenitor cells

Postnatal organ-specific stem and progenitor cells are an attractive potential donor cell for tissue-engineering because they can be harvested autologous from the recipient and have sufficient potential to regenerate the tissue of interest with less risk for ectopic growth or tumor formation compared to donor cells from embryonic or fetal sources. We describe the generation of tissue-engineered larynx and trachea (TELT) from human and mouse postnatal organoid units (OU) as well as from human fetal OU. Mouse TELT contained differentiated respiratory epithelium lining large lumens, cartilage and smooth muscle. In contrast, human postnatal TE trachea, formed small epithelial lumens with rare differentiation, in addition to smooth muscle and cartilage. Human fetal TELT contained the largest epithelial lumens with all differentiated cell types as well as smooth muscle and cartilage. Increased epithelial cytokeratin 14 was identified in both human fetal and postnatal TELT compared to native trachea, consistent with regenerative basal cells. Cilia in TELT epithelium also demonstrated function with beating movements. While both human postnatal and fetal progenitors have the potential to generate TELT, there is more epithelial growth and differentiation from fetal progenitors, highlighting fundamental differences in these cell populations.