Orem's Self-care Deficit Theory Research Articles

Nursing Care of an Elderly Woman with Type II Diabetes According to Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory

Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT) is well-known and applied in nursing practice worldwide. Many researchers have commended SCDNT for improving patients' health outcomes through nurses' contributions. This case study provides a chance to comprehend the practical implementation of theory-based nursing practice in a care setting. Information regarding the patient was gathered through Orem's conceptualization as a guide; Mrs. Y is 63, in late middle age, with type 2 diabetes. Three health deviations self-care requirements emerged as the main aim for the patient's family in seeking assistance. The highest blood glucose value during the study was 211 mg/dl, and the average following management was 118 mg/dl. She was on the partially compensatory nursing system, and after applying SCDNT, her intended nursing care outcomes were achieved. The family members were encouraged to support her in regaining more energy and blood sugar level control, which are vital for her future progress and lifestyle modifications for diabetes management. Nurses can apply SCDNT to implement, monitor, and evaluate nursing interventions in clinical practice. It offers a practice update that ensures accountability following practical interventions in managing chronic conditions like T2DM.

Effect of training based on Orem's self-care deficit theory on breast cancer patients' management of chemotherapy-related side effects and self-care behaviors: A randomized controlled trial

PurposeTo examine the effects of training based on Orem's self-care deficit theory on breast cancer patient's physical, social, and psychological well-being and self-care behaviors during chemotherapy. MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was based on a pretest–posttest experimental design. The study sample consisted of 62 breast cancer patients (n = 31 for each of the intervention and control groups) receiving cyclophosphamide–epirubicin or cyclophosphamide–adriamycin treatment in the medical oncology department of a university hospital in Tekirdağ, Turkey. The breast cancer patients in the intervention group received training based on Orem's self-care deficit theory regarding physical, social, and psychological well-being and self-care behaviors during chemotherapy. The researcher conducted two face-to-face follow-ups (during the second and third chemotherapy cycles, 3 weeks apart) and a posttest assessment. Pretest and posttest symptom scores and self-care survey results were compared for both groups. ResultsThe Nightingale Symptom Assessment Scale (N-SAS) first follow-up, second follow-up, and posttest scores showed that the intervention group experienced fewer negative changes in quality of life than the control group based on the physical, social, and psychological subdimension and total scale scores (p < .05). The most positive changes in the intervention group's self-care behaviors were observed for items about caring for and protecting hair, using protective gloves when doing chores, monitoring weight, and limiting social meetings when blood values were low to protect against possible infection. ConclusionTraining based on Orem's self-care deficit theory positively influenced breast cancer patients' management of chemotherapy-related side effects and self-care behaviors. Chemotherapy-related side effects should be evaluated frequently. Moreover, patients' needs should be determined, and training should be tailored to their needs.

The effect of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory-based care during pregnancy and postpartum period on health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To examine the effect of the provision of care on health outcomes when provided based on Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory during perinatal period. The perinatal period is a process with multidimensional care needs for the mother, baby and family. Care based on nursing theories can improve the quality of perinatal care. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Studies on this topic from 2006 to 2020 have been accessed by nine database searches. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Checklists for experimental and quasi-experimental studies, developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. This study was conducted by following the Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. This systematic review included nine studies with a total sample size of 839 women. These studies showed that care based on Orem's theory significantly helped prolong the mean duration of pregnancy, reduced the incidence of preterm labor, improved hygiene behaviour and increased empowerment. Concerning the perinatal period, this intervention significantly improved self-care and readiness for hospital discharge, adaptation and breastfeeding self-efficacy and reduced nipple pain and pain due to abdominal distension. The implementation of this theory into care during the perinatal period can contribute to improved health outcomes. What is already known about this topic? The quality of pregnancy and postpartum care is important for the maternal health. The use of nursing theories-which nursing knowledge is produced-improves care quality and ensures that care is organized systematically. What this paper adds? There is insufficient research that supports Orem's theory of self-care deficit in pregnancy and postpartum care and also no systematic review about this topic, but the current meta-analysis showed that postnatal and prenatal treatments based on Orem's theory have a positive impact on the self-care agency. The implications of this paper: The use of Orem's theory helps nurses understand women and their needs during pregnancy and postpartum periods. Integrating Orem's theory of self-care deficit into pregnancy and postpartum nursing care services can help increase women's self-care power.

A comparative analysis of dorothy orem's self-care deficit theory and sister callista roy's adaptation model

This paper provides a comparative analysis of Dorothy Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model in the context of nursing practice. Orem's theory underscores the importance of self-care and the nursing role in addressing self-care deficits, focusing on concepts like self-care agency and deficit. Conversely, Roy's model views individuals as adaptive systems, highlighting the role of nursing in facilitating adaptive responses to environmental stimuli. Through a detailed examination of their theoretical perspectives, assumptions, and key concepts, this analysis elucidates the similarities and differences between the two theories. While Orem's theory concentrates on self-care deficits and the nurse's supportive role, Roy's model takes a broader view, emphasizing adaptation and holistic well- being. Understanding these theories' distinct perspectives can empower nurses to tailor interventions effectively, promoting better patient outcomes across diverse healthcare settings.

Optimizing quality of care by integrating orem's self-care deficit theory with orlando's nursing process theory

This study proposes the integration of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory with Ida Jean Orlando's Nursing Process Theory to enhance the quality of patient care. Orem's theory emphasizes the importance of self-care for maintaining health and well-being, suggesting that individuals actively participate in their care to address self-care deficits. Orlando's theory focuses on the nurse-patient interaction and the nurse's role in identifying and meeting patient needs through deliberate action. Orem's theory provides a structured approach for assessing patients' self-care abilities and identifying deficits, empowering patients to participate in their care. Orlando's theory complements this by emphasizing the nurse's observational skills and their capacity to perceive and address unmet patient needs. By combining these theories, nurses can systematically assess self-care deficits, engage patients in their care, and respond to patients' immediate concerns, leading to a more holistic and patient-centered approach. By optimizing the quality of care through the integration of these two influential theories, nurses can better understand patients' self-care requirements and provide tailored interventions that not only address deficits but also enhance the overall well-being of patients. This approach holds the potential to improve patient outcomes, enhance patient satisfaction, and contribute to the advancement of nursing theory and practice. Further research and practical application of this integrated framework are warranted to fully explore its impact on the quality of patient care.

Self-care deficit among older men in the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for nursing.

to analyze self-care deficit among older men in the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and to discuss the implications for nursing practice. web survey, multicentric, qualitative. A total of 120 older men participated, applying a form from April to June 2020 and April to August 2021. Reflective Thematic Analysis, interpreted by Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory, was used. temporally, the self-care of older men was manifested in the self-care requirements - affective bonds, self-care for development - meditation and self-care with health deviations - remote consultations. Fully, partially compensatory, educational/support systems mobilized self-care. as care managers, nurses can strengthen the support network for older men by activating professionals from the multidisciplinary team, family members, caregivers and the community to promote self-care and correct health deviations in times of crisis.

Effects of Orem's Self-Care Model of Nursing on Hand Symptoms and Life Activities in Geriatric Individuals Diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study.

According to Orem's self-care deficit theory, when patients cannot meet their care needs, they need nursing systems for maintaining their health. Nursing care for elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should be based on maintaining self-care. This study aims to determine the effects of Orem's self-care model of nursing care given to geriatric patients with RA on hand symptoms, life activities, and hand pain. The study sample comprised a total of 22 patients (intervention group, 11; control group, 11) who met the sample selection criteria at a rheumatology outpatient clinic of a university hospital between June 17, 2019 and September 20, 2019. All interviews with patients in the intervention group were conducted by daily phone calls and a face-to-face interview at the hospital every 4 weeks. Patients continued to receive routine prescription by a physician during the course of application. No difference was observed between the groups in terms of descriptive patient characteristics (p > .05). Hand pain, hand symptoms, and life activities of patients in the intervention group were measured at study initiation, week 4, and week 8. Intragroup comparison revealed that hand pain, hand symptoms, and life activity scores were lowest at week 8 in the intervention group (p < .05). This study indicates that nursing care given according to Orem's self-care model is effective in reducing pain, improving hand functions, and performing life activities.

The effects of Orem's self-care theory on self-care behaviors among older women with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Lifestyle modification and self-care have potential effects on hypertension management among older women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of using Orem's Self-Care Deficit (OSCD) theory on self-care behaviors among older women with hypertension. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in 2018–2019. A 70-year-old woman with hypertension were conveniently recruited from healthcare centers in Ramsar, Iran, and randomly allocated to a control and an intervention group. Participants in the intervention group received self-care education based on the OSCD theory. The control group received no intervention. Data were collected using a personal characteristics questionnaire, a researcher-made self-care need assessment checklist, and the Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects questionnaire. The Wilcoxon and the Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to analyze the data. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups respecting the pretest mean scores of medication adherence, weight control, physical activity, and nutrition-related self-care behaviors (P > 0.05). However, after the intervention, the between-group difference respecting the mean scores of these behaviors were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The OSCD theory is effective in promoting self-care behaviors among women with hypertension. Therefore, its use is recommended to improve hypertension management and quality of life and reduce treatment-related costs in these patients.

Aplicabilidade da teoria de Orem no autocuidado de pessoa com estomia intestinal: estudo reflexivo

A confecção de uma estomia intestinal leva a modificações físicas que podem afetar todas dimensões da vida do ser humano. Acredita-se que por meio da Teoria de Enfermagem do Déficit do Autocuidado é possível promover o cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com estomia intestinal. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi refletir sobre a aplicabilidade da Teoria do Déficit do Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem no cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com estomia intestinal. Trata-se de um estudo teórico-reflexivo e para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão narrativa com busca do material nas bases de dados LILACS, Pubmed e Google Acadêmico e síntese qualitativa dos trabalhos analisados. Diante das mudanças ocasionadas pela presença da estomia, a pessoa necessita realizar cuidados importantes para seu autocuidado. O planejamento da assistência de enfermagem fundamentado na Teoria do Déficit d Autocuidado contribui para a o retorno às atividades de vida diária, a reinserção social, ao cuidado com a estomia e equipamento coletor e prevenir complicações. Assim, a aplicabilidade desta teoria demonstra o seu potencial para subsidiar o planejamento e a implementação da assistência à pessoa com estomia de modo a promover a sua autonomia e independência para realizar o seu autocuidado, além de subsidiar a Prática Avançada de Enfermagem no cenário nacional.

Autocuidado: una aproximación teórica al concepto

Self-care has been extensively investigated from the Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory, which has its beginnings in the field of nursing where most of the research that emphasizes the physical-biological component of self-care is concentrated. From the perspective of Health Psychology, we advocate a biopsychosocial perspective in the analysis of this category that points to a comprehensive care of the human being, one that is aimed at promoting the self-responsibility of people in self-care, as a resource to raise their quality of life and well-being. The work presents a theoretical review of the concept and the models on which self-care has been studied from its origins to the most contemporary conceptions. It concludes with the definition of the authors and a proposal for a methodological approach for selfcare research.

Self-care deficits in women with leg ulcers and sickle cell disease.

to identify self-care deficits in women with leg ulcers and sickle cell disease. a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory approach with 14 women. The collection was performed from December 2015 to January 2016, while the analysis was supported by Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory. self-care requirements are not fully met. The following were identified as universal: balance between loneliness and social interaction, rest and proper nutrition; development: inability to perform work, abrupt changes in the environment due to hospitalization, educational deprivation and dropout; health deviations: ulcer recurrences, pain, changes in skin appearance and gait changes. nursing care for women with leg ulcers and sickle cell disease requires planned actions for comprehensive care.

Bringing Nursing Care to Patients Living With Diabetes Mellitus.

The author in this article focuses on exploring a brief historical background of the diagnosis labeled diabetes mellitus and honoring persons who seek nursing care through incorporating Orem's self-care deficit theory. The author highlights utilizing a nursing theoretical framework as an important takeaway to enhance congruence among theory, research, practice, and education. This propels the discipline's meaning and interdisciplinary contributions to persons living with this diagnosis.

Caring for adolescents experiencing cyberbullying

Help young patients maintain mental and overall health by using Orem's self-care deficit theory to guide interventions.

Agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida en personas con cardiopatías isquémicas

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y la autoeficacia percibida en personas con cardiopatía isquémica que asisten al programa de rehabilitación cardíaca, en una clínica privada de la ciudad de Neiva.Metodología: estudio correlacional, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, basado en la teoría de déficit de autocuidados de Orem y la teoría de mediano rango de enfermería de autoeficacia de Resnick. La muestra estuvo constituida por 61 personas, a quienes se les aplicó la escala de apreciación de agencia de autocuidado, segunda versión en español, y la escala de autoeficacia general.Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes reportaron niveles altos de capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y de autoeficacia percibida; respecto a la asociación entre estas dos variables, a través de un análisis de correlación canónica se halló un resultado de rc=0,879, p&lt;0,05, demostrando un grado fuerte de relación entre las variables agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida.Conclusión: la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida son fenómenos que se presentan de manera positiva en las personas con cardiopatías isquémicas que asisten al programa de rehabilitación cardíaca. Se confirmó la relación entre estas dos variables, demostrando que la autoeficacia percibida tiene influencia y posee efecto predictor sobre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado.

Intervenções de enfermagem para promoção do autocuidado de pessoas com diabetes tipo 2: revisão integrativa

Revisão integrativa com objetivo de identificar e analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca das intervenções de enfermagem para promoção do autocuidado às pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. A coleta de dados foi realizada na Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), MEDLINE (via EBSCO), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) e SCOPUS. O levantamento dos artigos ocorreu nos meses de julho e agosto de 2015 por dois revisores independentes. A busca inicial identificou 239 artigos e, ao final, oito atenderam aos critérios de seleção. A educação em saúde destacou-se como campo estratégico para implementação das intervenções de enfermagem. As intervenções realizadas com acompanhamento do paciente e que disponibilizaram mais tempo de cuidado obtiveram resultados satisfatórios quanto às práticas de autocuidado. A Teoria do Déficit de Autocuidado de Orem é indicada como um guia para direcionar o educador no autocuidado de diabéticos.

Psychometric Properties of the Dietary Salt Reduction Self-Care Behavior Scale.

Valid, reliable, and culturally-specific scales to measure salt reduction self-care behavior in older adults are needed. The purpose of this study was to develop the Dietary Salt Reduction Self-Care Behavior Scale (DSR-SCB) for use in hypertensive older adults with Orem's self-care deficit theory as a base. Exploratory factor analysis, Rasch modeling, and reliability were performed on data from 242 older Thai adults. Nine items loaded on one factor (factor loadings = 0.63 to 0.79) and accounted for 52.28% of the variance (Eigenvalue = 4.71). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin method of sampling adequacy was 0.89, and the Bartlett's test showed significance (χ2 (df =36) = 916.48, p < 0.0001). Infit and outfit mean squares ranged from 0.81 to 1.25, while infit and outfit standardized mean squares were located at ±2. Cronbach's alpha was 0.88. The 9-item DSR-SCB is a short and reliable scale.

Self-care management of menstrual pain among Chinese adolescents

The aim of this study was to investigate the self-care management for menstrual pain among Chinese adolescent girls. 531 girls reported menstrual pain in their past 3 cycles were asked to recall the pain severity and their self-care behaviors by rating the Visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Adolescent Dysmenorrhic Self-Care Scale (ADSCS). Any pharmacological self-management was recorded using an open-ended question. The ADSCS was developed in Taiwan based upon Orem's self-care deficit theory. It consists of 40 items rated on a 1-6 Likert scale that measure six aspects of self-care behavior with higher values indicating a higher level of self-care behavior being practiced.

Development of a shared theory in palliative care to enhance nursing competence

This discussion article focuses on the theoretical development of a shared theory in the field of palliative care nursing through a process of comparison between Bandura's social cognitive theory and Orem's conceptual model. In many countries, nurses are little prepared to provide care to patients with life-limiting illness. Bandura's theory provides an appropriate framework for evaluating the impact of training programmes aimed at improving nursing competence in palliative care. However, this borrowed psychological theory is not specific to nursing contexts. Orem's self-care deficit theory seems to be an appropriate nursing model to guide the use of Bandura's theory in palliative care nursing situations. A review of the literature published between 1987 and 2011 was conducted to evaluate how Bandura's social cognitive theory and Orem's conceptual model have been linked at a theoretical level in the past. Bandura's theory has been linked with Orem's model essentially at the patient level. A new shared theory that combines Bandura's social cognitive theory and Orem's conceptual model at the nursing level is thus proposed. Palliative care nursing self-competence is hypothesized to influence the quality of nursing interventions in palliative care situations. To further demonstrate the relevance of this proposed shared theory in palliative care nursing contexts, empirical studies are recommended. This shared theory has the potential to provide a solid theoretical framework for evaluating nursing training programmes and, eventually, to improve quality of care and quality of life for patients with life-limiting illness.

Self-care science, nursing theory, and evidence-based practice

This is an excellent review of the development of self-care deficit theory and the use of self-care in nursing practice. Explanations of the various theories and theory terms are well done and written at a level that novice theorists can relate to. The authors demonstrate how self-care science can be fiscally and effectively applied to the care of patients/clients.--Doody's Medical Reviews Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory has been used as a foundation for nursing practice in healthcare institutions and as the basis of curricula in nursing schools for decades. This book explores the high-level theory of the application of Orem's Self-Care Theory, and how it can improve patient outcomes as well as cost-effectiveness of nursing care delivery. Written for nursing theorists, researchers, administrators, and graduate students, the text addresses the relationship of self-care theory and evidence-based care in nursing, and provides a solution to improving contemporary healthcare outcomes. The book is divided into three sections. Section one discusses the reason for the existence of the nursing profession, and identifies the performance of self-care. Section two covers three nursing practice sciences-wholly compensatory nursing, partly compensatory nursing, and supportive educative nursing. Section three offer suggestions on how health care organizations can incorporate this broadened perspective of what constitutes evidence based practice and on-going research methodology into every-day delivery of nursing services. Key Features: Includes case examples to illustrate the application of theory to nursing practice Provides a current, cost-effective resource for implementing Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory for effective evidence-based practice Builds the link between the application of Orem's Self Care Theory and improved patient and fiscal healthcare outcomes

The Relationship between Hemoglobin A1c Values and Healing Time for Lower Extremity Ulcers in Individuals with Diabetes

The diabetic population is at an increased risk, up to 15% over a lifetime, to develop leg and foot ulcers due to such factors as neuropathy, ischemia, and infection. The tight control of glucose levels as possible is necessary to prevent the diabetic complications by preventing microvascular changes that predispose the patient to neuropathy, ischemia, and infection. Although it is clear from the literature review that tight glucose control prevents complications, the relationship between HgbA1c values and healing times of ulcers is less well defined. This study explored the relationship between HgbA1c values and healing times of leg and foot ulcers. THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: The theoretical framework used was Orem's self-care deficit theory of nursing, which focuses on self-care of patients and nursing intervention if self-care is inadequate. Forty-one male and 22 female patients having either type 1 or type 2 diabetes were considered in this study. Of these 63 patients, 9 had type 1 and 54 had type 2 diabetes. Ages ranged from 33 to 94 years (mean, 67.7 years [SD, 14.98 years]). Weight ranged from 122 to 402 lb (mean, 221.84 lb [SD, 58.79 lb]). As part of a larger study, a retrospective chart review was performed on 63 patients with diabetes served by a Midwestern outpatient wound care clinic from July 2001 to July 2004. Approval for this study was granted through the local institutional review board. No data collected required the consent of the individual or included any identifying data, thus protecting the privacy of the individuals whose charts were reviewed. A tool was developed by the researchers through literature review to gather needed information. The data collection tool included demographics, medical diagnoses, wound size at presentation, and most recent wound size, as well as the HgbA1c results closest to admission and closest to time of wound closure. Statistics were generated using the SPSS program. Of the 63 ulcers, 36 healed, 26 did not heal, and it was not possible to determine if healing occurred for 1 ulcer. Admission HgbA1c values ranged from 4.5 to 15.4 (mean, 8.05 [SD, 2.29]). HgbA1c values closest to ulcer closure ranged from 5.3 to 12.3 (mean, 7.68 [SD, 1.81]). It was found that patients with higher HgbA1c levels did experience wound healing, but in a significantly longer period than those with lower HgbA1c. Individuals with type 1 diabetes had a higher healing rate (77.8%) than individuals with type 2 diabetes (53.7%), whereas 40% of all closed ulcers reopened. A significant correlation was also noted between a history of smoking and increased HgbA1c levels. Healing times were decreased in those individuals who had lower HgbA1c values. Decreased healing times result in lower cost for the patient, decreased chance of infection due to lack of portal of entry, and increased quality of life. Patient education may increase self-care practices in the diabetic population regarding better glucose control.