Oral Sermons Research Articles

Media Komunikasi dalam Peran Dakwah

Da'wah patterns have changed over time. Written sermons have now become more important and effective than oral sermons. Especially for works that contain preaching messages and social media. The benefit of da'wah using this model is that as Rasulullah SAW once said, "Indeed, the ink of the ulama is better than the blood of the martyrs", does not mean that the content of the da'wah will disappear even though the preacher or writer has died. Analysis of the impact of media on the growth of Islamic Da'wah is the aim of this research. This research approach uses qualitative techniques derived from actual field data. It is proven that Allah SWT requires da'wah to other humans when He states in the QS. Saba':28, "And we did not send you but to all mankind as a bearer of good news and as a warning, but most people do not know." The study presented in the findings of this paper shows that the use of mass media as a channel for da'wah offers advantages. This shows the importance of media involvement in spreading religious beliefs among society.

Media Komunikasi dalam Peran Dakwah

The method of preaching has changed over time. Written sermons are now more important and effective than oral sermons, especially in works that contain preaching messages and social media. This is in line with the saying of the Prophet Muhammad, "Indeed, the ink of the scholars is better than the blood of the martyrs," which shows that the content of preaching will not be lost even if the preacher or writer has passed away. This study aims to analyze the impact of media on the growth of Islamic preaching. The research strategy uses a qualitative method based on field data. When Allah SWT says in the Qur'an, Saba':28, "And We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a bringer of good tidings and a warner to all mankind, but most of the people do not know," it is clear that He obliges preaching to others. The results of the study in this paper show that the use of mass media as a channel for preaching offers benefits, demonstrating the importance of media involvement in spreading religious beliefs among the public.

TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION OF ORAL ENGLISH AND GERMAN RELIGIOUS SERMONS (THEOLINGUISTIC APPROACH)

The article is dedicated to exploring the temporal organization of texts in Anglican and Lutheran sermons, which are an integral part of worship in their respective churches. The study of homiletic and theolinguistic literature, along with an examination of the compositional features of the analysed sermons, has allowed for the identification of four compositional parts present in both types of sermons (theme manifestation, citation, interpretation, conclusion). Each part is characterized by relative semantic and structural autonomy, serving specific pragmatic purposes. The research material, consisting of oral English and German sermons, underwent perceptual, auditory, and instrumental analysis. A comprehensive auditory and instrumental analysis of the temporal characteristics of the preachers’ speech allows the conclusion that there is unity not only in the pragmatic directives of preachers in the two most widespread Protestant traditions but also in the prosodic structure of oral sermons. Among the integral temporal parameters at the perceptual level, pauses and contrasting tempo play a leading role in creating the influential effect of sermons. Regarding integral objective temporal parameters, common patterns in the temporal organization of the introductory and main parts of the text are identified. Differentiating features include significant differences between Anglican and Lutheran sermons in the concluding part. Lutheran sermons demonstrate relatively stable use of a normal tempo with a tendency toward slowing down, while Anglican sermons exhibit contrasting use of both slowed and accelerated tempo, creating a “broken” rhythm of articulation that enhances the influential effect of this part of the sermon. Based on the identified integral temporal means involved in the construction of the analysed texts, it can be stated that Anglican and Lutheran sermons belong to the same type of homiletic discourse.

MELODY OF AN ORAL RELIGIOUS SERMON

The article is devoted to the study of the melodic organization of the texts of Anglican and Lutheran sermons, which are an integral part of services in the respective churches. Examining the compositional features of the texts of the researched sermons made it possible to identify four compositional parts that are necessarily present in both types of sermons (topic manifestation, citation, interpretation, conclusion), each of which is characterized by relative semantic and structural independence and pursues a specific pragmatic task. The research material, consisting of oral English and German sermons, was subjected to perceptual, auditory and instrumental analysis. A complex auditory and instrumental analysis of the melodic characteristics of preachers’ speech allows us to conclude that there is unity not only in the pragmatic tasks of preachers in the two most common Protestant trends, but also in the prosodic features of the texts of oral sermons. Integral melodic parameters include the use of emphatic phrasal stress on informative and/or emotionally significant parts of phrases in supraphrasal units, the distribution of maximums of the fundamental frequency over the compositional parts of the text, the width of the frequency range of phrases, which is achieved not only at the expense of high indicators of maxima fundamental frequency in sermon phrases, but also due to lowering the lower limit of fundamental frequency values. Distinctive features include the use of different pitch levels in peculiar parts of the text: in the initial part of the Anglican sermon, there is a predominance of low pitch level, while in the Lutheran sermon, the low voice level is the most used in the final part of the sermon. On the basis of the identified integral prosodic means involved in the organisation of the analysed texts, it is possible to state that Anglican and Lutheran sermons belong to the same type of preaching discourse.

Translation and Transformation of John Chrysostom’s Urban Imagery into Old Church Slavonic

John Chrysostom was not only one of the most prolific and influential authors of late antiquity but also a renown preacher, exegete, and public figure. His homilies and sermons combined the classical rhetorical craft with some vivid imagery from everyday life. He used descriptions, comparisons, and metaphors that were both a rhetorical device and a reference to the real world familiar to his audience. From 9th century onwards, many of Chrysostom’s works were translated into Old Church Slavonic and were widely used for either private or communal reading. Even if they had lost the spontaneity of the oral performance, they still preserved the references to the 4th-century City, to the streets and the homes in a distant world, transferred into the 10th-century Bulgaria and beyond. The article examines how some of these urban images were translated and sometimes adapted to the medieval Slavonic audience, how the realia and the figures of speech were rendered into the Slavonic language and culture. It is a survey on the reception of the oral sermon put into writing, and at the same time, it is a glimpse into the late antique everyday life in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Encoding and decoding secret signs in the stories of Rabbi Joseph Hayyim of Baghdad

This article discusses two stories by R. Joseph Hayyim of Baghdad (1835–1909) recast from tales that were integrated in an oral sermon into written form. The written stories are embedded with clues pointing to the fact that the protagonist is, in fact, the author: R. Joseph Hayyim. It is my assertion that the transformation from oral storytelling to the written version creates a new dialogue with a broader audience that the author sought to reach. Moreover, the transition created a new poetic strategy, which is part of the artistic mimesis that reflects real-life existence. The discourse created by this possibility began with R. Joseph Hayyim’s pupils, and continues to this day among his readers.

PARISH CLERGY OF KUBAN DURING RECESSION OF THE FIRST RUSSIAN REVOLUTION (ON MATERIALS OF THE STAVROPOL DIOCESAN SHEETS)

In article the question of a role of parish clergy which the activity, behavior, moral shape formed public ideas of the Russian church in general is investigated. It is noted that in conditions of the first Russian revolution position of parsons as spiritual pastors, was rather difficult. They should have read sermons, to speak with the parishioners, but they didn't know what assessment to give to the taking place events. And the many thousands clergy on the whole was silent about revolutionaries since the majority itself didn't understand what occurs in the country. However, a part of priests, understanding all complexity of a situation, tried to offer solutions of a problem of moral education of parishioners and counteraction to revolutionary promotion. In their opinion, it was necessary to expand scales of the traditional oral sermon; to discuss the main events which are taking place in the country with parishioners; to improve the education; to issue newspapers, etc. But in general, the ROC couldn't become the political educator of the parishioners.

Oral Preaching and Written Sermons in the Middle Ages

Our knowledge of the nature of medieval Jewish public sermons is limited and our conclusions mostly inferential. Nonetheless, based upon the sermon literature and through analysis of various introductions and manuals for preachers of the time, we can fairly accurately reconstruct the oral sermon. We know where and when sermons were delivered, their content, the characteristics of the various preachers, the expectations of the listeners and the efforts the preachers made to make their sermons appealing to a diverse audience. Inevitably, over the course of centuries, both the form and the content of sermons changed. This was in response to the shifting needs and desires of audiences and reflects the changes in orientation of the various periods, such as the move from philosophically based sermons to those with Kabbalistic or Halakhic content.

Between an oral sermon and a written commentary: a consideration of rabbi Joseph Ben Shoshan’s polemic in his Avot commentary

Rabbi Joseph ben Shoshan lived in fourteenth-century Toledo. His Hebrew commentary to tractate Avot has rarely been studied, but there is solid evidence for it stemming, at least in part, from oral sermons. This paper identifies the evidence, analyzes it, and focuses specifically on several of his polemics with the “would-be philosophers”. This term refers to the antinomian neo-Platonists, whose stance threatened not only the leadership and authority of the Jewish community, but its very existence. The article employs a multi-disciplinary interpretation of the text –linguistic, literary and ideological– situating it in its historical context.

"Dit navolghende sijn sermoenen ende es wat verclaers vanden gheboden gods"

ln 1463, an anonymous Dominican preached thirty-one Middle Dutch Decalogue-sermonsin Ghent. The Ten Commandments are extensively explained in those sermons,which were written down by an industrious auditor. In this article, the context andintended public of both the original, oral sermons and the written, re-constructed sermonsare examined. It appears they were intended for laymen, probably members of the uppermiddleclass; the language and content of the sermons indicate this, as well as manuscriptfeatures such as the luxurious binding. This is also supported by the context of the sermons,specifically the Middle Dutch preaching and Decalogue traditions, and the activityof the Dominicans in Ghent.