Oral Sci Research Articles

The F word revisited

Dental UpdateVol. 50, No. 6 CommentThe F word revisitedFJ Trevor BurkeFJ Trevor BurkeSearch for more papers by this authorFJ Trevor BurkePublished Online:13 Jun 2023https://doi.org/10.12968/denu.2023.50.6.473AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article References National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. The story of fluoridation. Available at: https://tinyurl.com/uw36c6v5 (accessed May 2023). Google ScholarRandall RC, Wilson NH. Glass-ionomer restoratives: a systematic review of a secondary caries treatment effect. J Dent Res 1999; 78: 628–637. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345990780020101 Medline, Google ScholarWiegand A, Buchalla W, Attin T. Review on fluoride-releasing restorative materials – fluoride release and uptake characteristics, antibacterial activity and influence on caries formation. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 343–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2006.01.022 Medline, Google ScholarYengopal V, Mickenautsch S, Bezerra AC, Leal SC. Caries-preventive effect of glass ionomer and resin-based fissure sealants on permanent teeth: a meta analysis. J Oral Sci 2009; 51: 373–382. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.51.373 Medline, Google Scholar FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2 June 2023Volume 50Issue 6ISSN (print): 0305-5000ISSN (online): 2515-589X Metrics History Published online 13 June 2023 Published in print 2 June 2023 Information© MA Dentistry Media LimitedPDF download

Dental niche cells directly contribute to tooth reconstitution and morphogenesis.

Mammalian teeth develop from the inductive epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, an important mechanism shared by many organs. The cellular basis for such interaction remains elusive. Here, we generate a dual-fluorescence model to track and analyze dental cells from embryonic to postnatal stages, in which Pitx2+ epithelium and Msx1+ mesenchyme are sufficient for tooth reconstitution. Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial mapping further revealed critical cellular dynamics during molar development, where tooth germs are organized by Msx1+Sdc1+ dental papilla and surrounding dental niche. Surprisingly, niche cells are more efficient in tooth reconstitution and can directly regenerate papilla cells through interaction with dental epithelium. Finally, from the dental niche, we identify a group of previously unappreciated migratory Msx1+ Sox9+ cells as the potential cell origin for dental papilla. Our results indicate that the dental niche cells directly contribute to tooth organogenesis and provide critical insights into the essential cell composition for tooth engineering.

COVID-19 infection in patients with mast cell disorders including mastocytosis does not impact mast cell activation symptoms

COVID-19 infection in patients with mast cell disorders including mastocytosis does not impact mast cell activation symptoms

A firm mass of the maxillary gingiva

A firm mass of the maxillary gingiva

Miller Class III root coverage with coronary tissue repositioning associate with conjunctive graft

Miller Class III root coverage with coronary tissue repositioning associate with conjunctive graft

Enhancing adhesive restoration effectiveness

Dental UpdateVol. 47, No. 7 CommentEnhancing adhesive restoration effectivenessTrevor BurkeTrevor BurkeSearch for more papers by this authorTrevor BurkePublished Online:30 Jul 2020https://doi.org/10.12968/denu.2020.47.7.545AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article References 1 Burke FJT, MacKenzie L, Sands P. Suggestions for non-aerosol or reduced-aerosol restorative dentistry (for as long as is necessary). Dent Update 2020; 47: 485–493. Link, Google Scholar2 Shaw K, Martins R, Hadis MA, Burke FJT, Palin WM. “Own label” versus branded commercial dental resin composite materials: mechanical and physical property comparison. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016; 24: 122–129. Medline, Google Scholar3 Mickenautsch S. How well are GIC product labels related to current systematic review evidence? Dent Update 2011; 38: 634–644. Link, Google Scholar4 Johnsen GF, LeThieu MIC, Hussain B et al.. Own brand label restorative materials – a false bargain? J Dent 2017; 56: 84–98. Medline, Google Scholar5 Burke FJT, Crisp RJ. A practice-based assessment of patients' knowledge of dental materials. Br Dent J 2015; 219: 577–582. Medline, Google Scholar6 Burke FJT, Crisp RJ. A practice-based clinical evaluation of VOCO Ionolux. The Dentist 2017; Sept: 124–128. Google Scholar7 Stewardson DA, Creanor S, Thornley P, Biggs T. Burke FJT et al.. The survival of Class V restorations in general dental practice: part 3, five-year survival. Br Dent J 2012; 212: E14. Medline, Google Scholar8 Burke FJT, Mackenzie L, Shortall ACC. Survival rates of resin composite restorations in loadbearing situations in posterior teeth. Dent Update 2019; 46: 524–536. Link, Google Scholar9 Miletic I, Baraba A, Basso M et al.. Clinical performance of a glass-hybrid system compared with a resin composite in the posterior region: results of a 2-year multicenter study. J Adhes Dent 2020; 22: 235–247. Medline, Google Scholar10 Inoue S, Van Meerbeck B, Abe Y et al.. Effect of remaining dentine thickness and the use of conditioner on micro-tensile bond strength of a glass-ionomer adhesive. Dent Mater 2001; 17: 445–455. Medline, Google Scholar11 Sauro S, Watson TF, Thompson I et al.. Influence of air-abrasion executed with polyacrylic acid-Bioglass 45S5 on the bonding performance of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 168–177. Medline, Google Scholar12 da Rosa WL de O, Piva E, da Silva AF. Bond strength of universal adhesives: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2015; 43: 765–776. Medline, Google Scholar13 Zanatta RF, Silva TM, Esper Malr, BrescianiE, Goncalves Sep, Caneppele Tmf. Bonding performance of simplified adhesive systems in noncarious cervical lesions at 2-year follow-up: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Oper Dent 2019; 44: 476–487. Medline, Google Scholar14 Cuevas-Suarez CE, da Rosa WL de O, Lund RG, da Silva AF, Piva E. Bonding performance of universal adhesives: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adhes Dent 2019; 21: 7–26. Medline, Google Scholar15 Dal-Bianco K, Pellizzaro A, Patzlaft R et al.. Effects of moisture degree and rubbing action on the immediate resin-dentin bond strength. Dent Mater 2006; 12: 1150–1156. Google Scholar16 Loguercio A, Munos MA, Lugue-Martinez I et al.. Does active application of universal adhesives to enamel in self-etch mode improve their performance? J Dent 2015; 43: 1060–1070. Medline, Google Scholar FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byTechnique tips: Ten top tips to overcome common mistakes concerning the use of dental materialsStephen J Bonsor25 September 2021 | Dental Update, Vol. 48, No. 8 2 July 2020Volume 47Issue 7ISSN (print): 0305-5000ISSN (online): 2515-589X Metrics History Published online 30 July 2020 Published in print 2 July 2020 Information© George Warman Publications (UK) LimitedPDF download

Rational perspectives on risk and certainty for dentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic

Rational perspectives on risk and certainty for dentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic

What can a dentist and dental sleep apnea researcher do under COVID-19 lockdown?

Citation:Tanaka Y, Almeida FR. What can a dentist and dental sleep apnea researcher do under COVID-19 lockdown? J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(9):1641–1643.

Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper.

SummaryThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses an enormous challenge to healthcare systems in affected communities. Older patients and those with pre-existing medical conditions have been identified as populations at risk of a severe disease course. It remains unclear at this point to what extent chronic liver diseases should be considered as risk factors, due to a shortage of appropriate studies. However, patients with advanced liver disease and those after liver transplantation represent vulnerable patient cohorts with an increased risk of infection and/or a severe course of COVID-19. In addition, the current pandemic requires unusual allocation of healthcare resources which may negatively impact the care of patients with chronic liver disease that continue to require medical attention. Thus, the challenge hepatologists are facing is to promote telemedicine in the outpatient setting, prioritise outpatient contacts, avoid nosocomial dissemination of the virus to patients and healthcare providers, and at the same time maintain standard care for patients who require immediate medical attention.

How to evaluate adolescents’ dental anxiety? A review of instruments

How to evaluate adolescents’ dental anxiety? A review of instruments

Trial suggests that benefits of some moisturizers on xerostomia and its associated symptoms may not be sufficient to outweigh the downsides

Kvalheim SF, Marthinussen MC, Haugen DF, Berg E, Strand GV, Lie SA. Randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of three different oral moisturizers in palliative care patients [published online ahead of print July 20, 2019]. Eur J Oral Sci. https://doi.org/10.1111/eos.12655.

Guest Editorial

Guest Editorial

Investigation of different sodium hypochlorite volumes, concentrations and times of irrigation in endodontic therapy: a systematic review

Investigation of different sodium hypochlorite volumes, concentrations and times of irrigation in endodontic therapy: a systematic review

P1.38: The Dental Health of patients referred for Small Bowel and Multivisceral Transplantation to a UK transplant centre

Introduction: Dental care during pre-transplant workup is important to reduce potential sources of infection, following immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection. This study documents the prevalence of oral abnormalities and recommended treatment of patients assessed for small bowel and multivisceral transplantation. Methods: We present a case series of 57 patients who underwent assessment for small bowel and multivisceral transplantation in a single centre in the UK (Cambridge) over the time period 2015–2018. This is a retrospective review of their formal assessment in a maxillofacial clinic and subsequent outcomes. Results: Of all patients assessed, 18(32%) required no treatment or crown and polish only; 12(21%) required at least one filling; 27(47%) required at least one tooth extraction and 6(10.5%) required full dental clearance. Of the 28 patients accepted and listed for transplantation, 11(39%) required no treatment or crown and polish only; 4(14%) required at least one filling; 13(46%) required at least one tooth extraction and 4(14%) required full dental clearance. Conclusion: This is the first reported study of the dental health of patients referred for small bowel and multivisceral transplantation. Overall these patients have poorer dental health compared with published data for patients referred for liver transplantation1 and over half of those accepted for transplantation required procedural intervention prior to listing. Many patients have intestinal failure at the time of referral. We hypothesise that long-term use of hypertonic fluids may partly account for the poor results described and that patients with intestinal failure should be considered for regular dental review and timely intervention. 1 J Appl Oral Sci. 2012 Mar-Apr;20(2):241–5.

There are probably no benefits from using ozone as an adjuvant to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis

Seydanur Dengizek E, Serkan D, Abubekir E, Aysun Bay K, Onder O, Arife C. Evaluating clinical and laboratory effects of ozone in non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized controlled trial [published online ahead of print January 14, 2019]. J Appl Oral Sci. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0108.

No evidence about the effects of orthognathic surgery in psychosocial functioning owing to limitations in the systematic review

Broers DLM, van der Heijden GJMG, Rozema FR, de Jongh A. Do patients benefit from orthognathic surgery? A systematic review on the effects of elective orthognathic surgery on psychosocial functioning and patient satisfaction [published online ahead of print September 11, 2017]. Eur J Oral Sci. .

Inhibition of EZH2 Promotes Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation into Mesoderm by Reducing H3K27me3.

SummaryMesoderm derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is a major source of the mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes for tissue regeneration. While significant progress has been made in understanding of molecular mechanisms of hESC differentiation into mesodermal cells, little is known about epigenetic factors controlling hESC fate toward mesoderm and MSCs. Identifying potential epigenetic factors that control hESC differentiation will undoubtedly lead to advancements in regenerative medicine. Here, we conducted an epigenome-wide analysis of hESCs and MSCs and uncovered that EZH2 was enriched in hESCs and was downregulated significantly in MSCs. The specific EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 directed hESC differentiation toward mesoderm and generated more MSCs by reducing H3K27me3. Our results provide insights into epigenetic landscapes of hESCs and MSCs and suggest that inhibiting EZH2 promotes mesodermal differentiation of hESCs.

A Surprising Granulomatous Cheilitis

Question: A 17-year-old Algerian girl who had lived in France for 2 years was referred to our dermatologic unit for a painful infiltrated crusty cheilitis. She was under anti–tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α) therapy for active Crohn disease (CD). CD was diagnosed in 2011 on rectal bleeding, weight loss and ileal ulcerations at colonoscopy. She was previously treated with 5-ASA and azathioprine without efficacy. Adalimumab was introduced in May 2015 after a pretherapeutic evaluation that included negative interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). Dose of adalimumab was majored to 40 mg per week in December 2015 because her CD remained active. Four months later, labial lesions appeared, with edema and vesicles, and progressed to a painful infiltrated and crusty cheilitis. Antibiotics and valaciclovir treatments were unsuccessful. Oral examination revealed a unilateral cobblestone aspect with pustules on the lip mucosa without affecting the rest of oral cavity (Figure A, B). A centimetric right cervical adenopathy was noticed. She did not have any other complaints, and the rest of physical findings were normal. Laboratory results from blood chemistry, complete blood cell count, liver, and kidney analysis were within reference range. C-reactive protein was elevated (117 mg/L). Infectious workup (human immunodeficiency virus and syphilitic serology, leishmania, and herpes polymerase chain reaction) was negative. Standard chest radiography was normal. Magnetic resonance enterography revealed an asymptomatic terminal ileitis with an enhancement of the submucosa. Labial biopsies showed an epithelioid and giant cell granuloma without caseous necrosis (Figure C); Ziehl-Neelsen, Grocott and periodic acid–Schiff stains were negative for acid-fast bacilli and fungi, respectively. No viral inclusion body was seen. What is the diagnosis? Look on page 1240 for the answer and see the Gastroenterology website (www.gastrojournal.org) for more information on submitting your favorite image to Clinical Challenges and images in GI. Initially, we suspected cutaneous metastatic Crohn’s disease. Indeed, she had severe CD resistant to a classical dose of adalimumab, and histology revealed a noncaseous granulomatous skin lesion. Negative special stains for bacteria, fungi, and parasites failed to show any microbiologic organism. New lip biopsies were performed for tuberculosis (TB) cultures, IGRA was repeated, and her treatment was intensified with infliximab and azathioprine. Two weeks later, Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture was positive on the tissue specimen. IGRA, negative before anti-TNF-α therapy, was positive. A computed tomography scan revealed nodular and micronodular opacities in superior lobes, associated with ground glass opacities. M tuberculosis was secondary found in sputum cultures. The new retained diagnosis was a TB cutis orificialis or orificial TB,1Kakisi O.K. Kechagia A.S. Kakisis I.K. et al.Tuberculosis of the oral cavity: a systematic review.Eur J Oral Sci. 2010; 118: 103-109Crossref PubMed Scopus (69) Google Scholar secondary to autoinoculation from an active pulmonary TB under anti-TNF-α therapy for a CD. After 3 weeks of anti-TB therapy and infliximab discontinuation, the lesions started to heal and showed complete resolution at the end of 6 months of treatment. Because the distinction between intestinal TB and CD is a significant source of error, colonoscopy was repeated and confirmed ileitis (Figure D). Biopsies showed a focally active ileitis with granuloma and rare giant cells without caseous necrosis. Ziehl-Neelsen staining and culture were negative after 3 months. These findings were consistent with the initial diagnosis of CD. The main cause of diagnosis error is the absence on caseous necrosis and the lack of sensibility of Ziehl stain on histologic analyses.2Wei J.-P. Wu X.-Y. Gao S.-Y. et al.Misdiagnosis and mistherapy of Crohn’s disease as intestinal tuberculosis: case report and literature review.Medicine (Baltimore). 2016; 95: e2436Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar TB in a context of anti-TNF-α therapy is difficult to diagnose with few symptoms, extrapulmonary presentations, and a potentially severity with a rapid evolution. This observation suggests a repeated screening for TB during the follow-up of these patients, all the more if other risk factors are associated, namely, concomitant immunosuppressant use, a history of latent or active TB, birth or travel in endemic region of TB, and/or exposure to a person with TB.3Shim T.S. Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases due to initiation of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy.Intest Res. 2014; 12: 12-19Crossref PubMed Google Scholar

Methadone maintenance treatment may be associated with bruxism in male prisoners

Methadone treatment, bruxism, and temporomandibular disorders among male prisoners. Enguelberg-Gabbay JV, Schapir L, Israeli Y, Hermesh H, Weizman A, Winocur E. Eur J Oral Sci 2016;124(3): 266-71. None TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

Antimicrobial efficacy of gutta-percha supplemented with cetylpyridinium chloride.

To develop a root canal filling material with high antimicrobial activity, we prepared gutta-percha supplemented with the cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). Thermoplastic gutta-percha was supplemented with 0.05%, 0.2%, or 0.8% CPC. The gutta-percha containing CPC was tightly packed at the bottom of a 24-well plate. Its antimicrobial activity against eight representative endodontic pathogens-including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi-was evaluated by adding 0.5 mL of liquid samples containing pathogens to the wells. After 24 h of cultivation under appropriate conditions, microbial growth was analyzed by counting colony-forming units (CFU). Gutta-percha alone (without CPC) partially inhibited microbial growth, probably through the antimicrobial effect of some of its components, such as zinc oxide. Addition of CPC dose-dependently increased the antimicrobial efficacy of gutta-percha. Addition of 0.05%, 0.2%, and 0.8% CPC reduced the viable microbial number to below the lower limit of detection (20 CFU/mL) for all tested pathogens except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was detected in 0.8% CPC-containing gutta-percha, although the viable number significantly decreased. Gutta-percha with CPC might be useful for preventing microbial infections during root canal therapy. (J Oral Sci 58, 277-282, 2016).