Oral Malignant Tumor Research Articles

Gene expression analysis of microRNA-1285 in the South Indian oral squamous cell carcinoma population.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignant tumor, which has poor prognosis. The traditional investigative modality is invasive biopsy which is the gold standard for diagnosis. In recent years, alternative methods like non-invasive biomarkers have been studied for their potential role in early diagnosis and prognosis. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in various diseases, including OSCC. Several miRNAs are being researched as non-invasive biomarkers as well as novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of OSCC. MiR expression can be upregulated or downregulated in OSCC. Among the reported miRNAs, miR-1285 is an important miRNA found to be involved in OSCC. The aim of the current study was to quantify the levels of miR-1285 in OSCC samples and to validate their potential role as biomarkers for OSCC detection. Sixteen samples of cancer tissue and normal tissue were evaluated from a total of 25 patients, in the study, conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The tissues were processed for H&E staining and gene expression analysis of miR-1285. The samples were collected after proper informed consent from the patients. Total RNA isolated was reverse transcribed into cDNA which was used in the gene expression analysis using qRT-PCR. The histopathological examination confirmed the OSCC cases and the gene expression analysis revealed that miR-1285 was significantly downregulated in OSCC tissues. Since miR-1285 showed significant difference between the OSCC and normal tissues it could be postulated as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for OSCC. Further in-vitro and in-vivo studies could validate their functional role in OSCC.

Hedgehog/Gli2 signaling triggers cell proliferation and metastasis via EMT and wnt/β-catenin pathways in oral squamous cell carcinoma

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most lethal oral malignant tumor, however, clinical outcomes remain unsatisfactory. The Hedgehog/Gli2 pathway plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, yet the regulatory mechanism governing its involvement in the malignant evolution process of OSCC remains elusive. MethodsOSCC animal tissue samples were used to detect the activation of the Hedgehog/Gli2 pathway in OSCC. Based on the clinical information of oral cancer patients in TCGA database, the role of this pathway in patients was analyzed, and the activation status of this pathway was verified in human OSCC cells. After activating or inhibiting the Hedgehog pathway, the effects of this pathway on the biological function of OSCC cells and its regulatory mechanism were examined. Interfering the expression of Gli2, a key transcription factor in this pathway, revealed the role of Hedgehog/Gli2 pathway in the malignant evolution of OSCC cells. ResultsThe Hedgehog pathway exhibits abnormal activation in animal models of OSCC. Clinical data from TCGA demonstrate a significant enrichment of the Hedgehog pathway in patients with OSCC, and Gli2, a key downstream factor of this pathway, is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of OSCC. Cellular studies have revealed aberrant activation of this pathway in human OSCC cells, which exerts its function by modulating the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Subsequent investigations further confirm the pivotal involvement of Gli2 in the Hedgehog pathway activation, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target for inhibiting malignant proliferation and metastasis of OSCC cells through modulation of EMT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. ConclusionThe Hedgehog/Gli2 pathway induces EMT and activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway to trigger the malignant proliferation and metastasis of OSCC cells, and Gli2 plays a key role in this process, which suggests that targeting Gli2 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of OSCC.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Indwelling Gastric Tubes in Preoperative and Postoperative Patients With Oral and Maxillofacial Malignancies

PurposeTo explore the optimal plan for the timing of indwelling gastric tube placement in oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor patients. DesignA prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods80 patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor were selected, and 40 patients were Pre-operative group. The remaining 40 patients were the control group, called Postoperative group. The body weight and hospital stay of the two groups were observed before and after surgery. Blood samples were taken before surgery and 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery to detect hemoglobin and plasma albumin. FindingsThe number of postoperative hospitalization days in the pre-operative group was significantly lower than that in the post-operative group; postoperative hemoglobin and plasma albumins were lower in both groups compared with the preoperative level. ConclusionsPreoperative nasogastric tube ensured early postoperative administration of gastrointestinal nutrition, promoted postoperative plasma albumin recovery, and shortened the days of hospitalization.

Relationship of oral bacterial number with medical hospitalization costs in analysis of Diagnosis Procedure Combination database from single institution in Japan

Oral bacteria are known to be associated with perioperative complications during hospitalization. However, no presented reports have clarified the relationship of oral bacterial number with medical costs for inpatients. The Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database system used in Japan provides clinical information regarding acute hospital patients. The present study was conducted to determine the association of oral bacterial numbers in individual patients treated at a single institution with length of hospital stay and medical costs using DPC data. A total of 2369 patients referred by the medical department to the dental department at Hiroshima University Hospital were divided into the low (n = 2060) and high (n = 309) oral bacterial number groups. Length of hospital stay and medical costs were compared between the groups, as well as the associations of number of oral bacteria with Charlson comorbidity index (CCI)-related diseases in regard to mortality and disease severity. There was no significant difference in hospital stay length between the low (24.3 ± 24.2 days) and high (22.8 ± 20.1 days) oral bacterial number groups. On the other hand, the daily hospital medical cost in the high group was significantly greater (US$1456.2 ± 1505.7 vs. US$1185.7 ± 1128.6, P < 0.001). Additionally, there was no significant difference in CCI score between the groups, whereas the daily hospital medical costs for patients in the high group treated for cardiovascular disease or malignant tumors were greater than in the low number group (P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis was also performed, which showed that oral bacterial number, age, gender, BMI, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, malignant tumor, and hospital stay length were independently associated with daily hospitalization costs. Monitoring and oral care treatment to lower the number of oral bacteria in patients affected by cardiovascular disease or cancer may contribute to reduce hospitalization costs.

Sevoflurane inhibits oral squamous carcinoma progression by modulating the circ_0000857/miR-145-5p axis.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a kind of oral malignant tumor with the highest incidence. This study investigated whether sevoflurane (SEV) inhibited OSCC cell progression by regulating circular RNA_0000857 (circ_0000857). OSCC cells were anesthetized with SEV at different concentrations. The expression of circ_0000857 and microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability was assayed by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), and cell migration and invasion were examined by the wound-healing assay and transwell. Tube formation assay detected angiogenesis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of related proteins. Compared with the control group, SEV inhibited OSCC cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. SEV treatment significantly decreased circ_0000857 expression level, but increased miR-145-5p expression level in SCC4 and HSC3 cells. MiR-145-5p was a target of circ_0000857, and miR-145-5p inhibitor reversed the suppressing effects mediated by circ_0000857 silencing on OSCC cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. SEV inhibited the level of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2), MMP9, and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein by regulating the circ_0000857/miR-145-5p axis. In all, SEV regulated the migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of OSCC cells through the circ_0000857/miR-145-5p axis, which provided a basis for the potential role of SEV in the treatment of OSCC.

A novel pyroptosis-related signature predicts prognosis and indicates immunotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been recognized as a frequently occurring oral malignant tumor. Pyroptosis plays an extremely important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, but the role of pyroptosis in OSCC remains unclear. OSCC-related data were obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases. A PSscore risk model was constructed through LASSO regression analysis. The GEO database was utilized as the validation set of the model. The "ESTIMATE" and "CIBERSORT" algorithms were utilized to additionally evaluate the relationship between the immune cell score and PSscore. TIDE and IPS algorithms were used to assess patient response to immunotherapy. In addition, Western blot analysis and MTT assay was used to further validate key genes. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis showed that a low-PSscore had a significant survival advantage, richer immune cell infiltration, more active immune-related pathways, higher TME scores, and lower tumor purity. The results of TIDE and IPS analysis indicated that the high-PSscore group had higher immune escape potential and was less sensitive to immunotherapy. In contrast, the low-PSscore group patients might be more sensitive to PD1 and CTLA4 + PD1 immunotherapy. Univariate and multivariate COX results indicated that PSscore was an independent prognostic factor in OSCC patients. Another important finding is that BAK1 is a potential target of OSCC and is related to the Nod-like receptor signaling pathway. Knockdown of BAK1 can significantly reduce the proliferation of OSCC cells. The PSscore model could be utilized as a powerful prognostic indicator and can help in the development of new immunotherapies.

Local Chemotherapy Using a Lidocaine Jelly Mixed with Carboplatin Applied with Concurrent Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of an Oral Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Cat

Local Chemotherapy Using a Lidocaine Jelly Mixed with Carboplatin Applied with Concurrent Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of an Oral Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Cat

Role of Salivary MicroRNA and Cytokines in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignant tumor worldwide. An early diagnosis can have a major positive impact on its prognosis. Human saliva contains cytokines, DNA and RNA molecules, circulating cells, and derivatives of tissues and extracellular vesicles, among other factors that can serve as biomarkers. Hence, the analysis of saliva may provide useful information for the early diagnosis of OSCC for its prognosis. The objective of this review was to determine the potential usefulness of salivary biomarkers (cytokines and microRNA) to diagnose OSCC and improve its prognosis. A combination of salivary miRNA and proteomic data could allow a definitive and early diagnosis to be obtained. However, there remains a need to optimize and standardize the protocols used to quantify miRNAs.

FLLL32 Triggers Caspase-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Oral Cancer Cells by Regulating the p38 Pathway.

Oral cancer is the most common oral malignant tumor in Taiwan. Although there exist several methods for treatment, oral cancer still has a poor prognosis and high recurrence. FLLL32, a synthetic analog of curcumin with antitumor activity, is currently known to induce melanoma apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth in various cancers. However, few studies have examined the mechanisms of FLLL32 in oral cancer. In this study, we explore whether FLLL32 induces apoptosis in oral cancer. We determined that FLLL32 can inhibit the cell viability of oral cancer. Next, we analyzed the effect of FLLL32 on the cell cycle of oral cancer cells and observed that the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase was increased. Additionally, annexin-V/PI double staining revealed that FLLL32 induced apoptosis in oral cancer cells. Data from the Human Apoptosis Array revealed that FLLL32 increases the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). FLLL32 activates proteins such as caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in apoptosis-related molecular mechanisms. Moreover, by using MAPK inhibitors, we suggest that FLLL32 induces the apoptosis of oral cancer cells through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, our findings suggest that FLLL32 is a potential therapeutic agent for oral cancer by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis and HO-1 activation through the p38 pathway. We believe that the activation of HO-1 and the p38 pathway by FLLL32 represent potential targets for further research in oral cancer.

The Influence of Dental Rehabilitation on the Detection and Rate of Cancer Recurrence after Oral Cavity Malignant Tumor Ablation

Immediate microvascular tissue reconstruction is the reconstructive modality of choice after head and neck malignant tumor ablation. Although delayed reconstruction allows for definitive analysis of pathologic margins, studies have shown that immediate reconstruction does not yield higher rates of recurrence.1 Immediate reconstruction is associated with less financial burden, decrease in treatment time, and improved quality of life.1 The use of an implant-retained or -supported prosthetics furthers this improvement in quality of life. Although the previously discussed benefits also apply when endosseous implants are placed immediately at the time of reconstruction, there are concerns of their impact on recurrence in the treatment of malignant tumors. It has been hypothesized that immediate implant placement can result in seeding, interference with the efficacy of adjuvant radiation therapy, and delay in the diagnosis of recurrent disease secondary to radiographic artifact and lack of clinical visibility.2 The primary aim of this study was to assess the impact of dental rehabilitation in the diagnosis of disease recurrence in patients with oral cavity malignancies that underwent free flap reconstruction with endosseous implant placement. The secondary aim was to determine the rate of osteoradionecrosis in patients who underwent adjuvant radiation treatment.This is a retrospective study from a sample of subjects who underwent immediate reconstruction with a free tissue transfer and either immediate or delayed implant placement for treatment of oral cavity malignancies by the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Mayo Clinic, MN. Descriptive data were collected on patient demographics, diagnosis, number of implants, history of radiation therapy, and type of prosthesis utilized. The tumors were staged according to the AJCC eighth edition tumor-node-metastasis classification. All subjects received an implant-retained or -supported prosthesis and had a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Recurrence was confirmed by incisional biopsy.A total of 29 patients with an average age of 54.6 years old, including 12 females (41.4%) and 17 males (58.6%), with an oral cavity malignancy met inclusion criteria. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignancy, occurring in 20 patients (69%), followed by 5 subjects (17.2%) with osteosarcoma. Seven patients (24.1%) experienced a local recurrence and, of these, and 5 had an initial pathologic T4a squamous cell carcinoma. Six of the 24 subjects (25.0%) restored with a fixed prosthesis experienced a recurrence. Fifteen patients (51.7%) had implants placed at the time of reconstruction. Of those, 5 (33.3%) experienced recurrence with the average number of days from reconstruction to diagnosis of recurrence being 810.8 days. Two (14.3%) subjects in the delayed implant group experienced recurrence with the average number of days from reconstruction to the diagnosis of recurrence being 4550 days. Fourteen subjects received adjuvant radiation therapy, of which 4 (28.6%) experienced osteoradionecrosis. Timing of implant placement was equally distributed in patients who experienced osteoradionecrosis.In conclusion, subjects who underwent immediate implant placement had a higher rate of recurrence (33.3%) when compared to those with delayed implant placement (14.3%). None of the recurrences were directly adjacent to the endosseous implants and the clinical diagnosis of local recurrence was not affected by the presence of a prosthesis. The timing of implant placement was not associated with a higher risk of osteoradionecrosis.

The progress of post-treatment restricted mouth opening in oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor patients

: Oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor seriously threaten the physical and mental health of patients, especially advanced malignant tumor requiring a comprehensive sequence of surgery-based treatment, resulting in facial deformity, difficulties with chewing, dysphagia and asophia. Among them, trismus (restricted mouth opening) is one of the most common complications after treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor. In severe cases, they may even suffer from trismus and eating difficulties, finally leading to malnutrition and even cachexia. Therefore, it not only affects the quality of life of the patients and even endangers their lives, but also brings heavy social and economic burden. How to effectively prevent and treat posttreatment trismus is a clinical problem which is easy to be ignored by oral and maxillofacial surgeons and needs to be solved urgently. In recent years, restricted mouth opening (trismus) after post-treatment of oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal and other head and neck malignant tumors have been widely studied, but restricted mouth opening after comprehensive treatment of oral cancer has been neglected. We therefore conducted a systematic review with 3 aims: (I) to clear the definition of restricted mouth opening and trismus; (II) to identify epidemiology and pathogenesis of restricted mouth opening or trismus; and (III) to summarize the methods of interventions or treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor patients with restricted mouth opening or trismus.

The Growth Inhibition of Targeted Pluronic/Formononetin Nanocomposite on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro

Natural flavonoid formononetin (FN) has anticancer effects, but the hydrophobic structure, characteristics of the short half-life in vivo, limiting its clinical wide-ranging application. In this study, FN loaded Pluronic (PF)@folic acid (FA) micelles (FN-PF@FA), were prepared to improve the solubility, bioavailability and targeting. FA coupling PF was prepared by carbodiimide crosslinker chemical method, FN-PF@FA micelles were prepared by modified film hydration method, and compared the antitumor activity of FN loaded micelles with free FN In Vitro. The spherical smooth surface of FN-PF@FA micelles had smaller particle size (112.3±5.3 nm), high encapsulation efficiency (86.14±2.68%), high negative zeta potential (-25.8±0.57 mV), low critical concentration CMC (0.03 mg/mL), and better sustained release profile. In addition, FN-PF@FA micelles have a positive targeting effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC3). In 48 hours, the growth inhibition of 50% (GI50) was 28.6±1.2 μg/mL for FN and 17.4±0.78 μg/mL for FN-PF, the dose dropped by nearly 38.46%. In addition, the GI50 value of FN-PF@FA was 9.5±0.3 μg/mL, 66.43% lower than FN and 44.83% lower than FN-PF. Furthermore, the laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed that the conjugation of FA significantly improves the active targeting ability of micelles. FN-PF@FA micelles have the potential to target the release of anticancer drugs with higher bioavailability, further provides a new avenue for the application of traditional Chinese medicine extract in oral malignant tumor.

Development and Clinical Application of Shapeable Head Braking Device

Objective: To evaluate the application effect of a plastic head brake device after radical resection of oral malignant tumors and flap repair for defects. Methods: 2018-2019 years, 5 months Sun Yat-sen Memorial patients oral and maxillofacial surgery for oral malignant tumor resection surgery period skin flaps hospital 150 patients randomly divided into groups. Test groups 70 examples and the control group of 80 cases, two different head braking methods were used. The experimental group used a self-designed head brake device, which was prepared to suit the height of the patient before operation. It was used from 0 to 3 days after operation. After the operation, the head lateral range was adjusted according to the braking requirements, and the pillow height was adjusted. The control group wrapped a 500 g salt bag with a treatment towel on both sides of the patient's head for head braking. The incidence of flap vascular crisis, head and neck deviation, head occipital pressure ulcer incidence and patient comfort during braking were evaluated in both groups. Results: The occurrence of vascular crisis in patients with oral tumors was significantly correlated with the patient's gender, alcoholism, and head movement (P&lt;0.05), and the movement of patients' head and neck was also significantly correlated with the occurrence of vascular crisis. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significant differences in head and neck deviation, incidence of vascular crisis, incidence of head ulcer pressure ulcers and patient comfort (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The degree of head movement and incidence of vascular crisis in patients Closely related. Mouldable head brake device has more than ordinary salt bag ProA better head and neck braking effect can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative vascular crisis, improve patient comfort, and have a better clinical application effect. In addition, this device can also be used repeatedly, reducing economic costs and better improving the satisfaction of doctors, nurses and patients.

Application of double skin island free forearm flap in the repair of large perforating defect of palate

Objective:To explore the value of free forearm flap with double skin island in repairing large perforating defect of palate. Method:The free forearm flap with double skin island was used to repair 6 cases of large perforating palatal defect due to oral malignant tumor. Preoperative Allen test and ultrasound doppler examination were used to judge the forearm vessels. Result:All the free forearm flap with double skin island survived in 6 cases, followed up for 3 months to 24 months, the patients ate normally, swallowing without nasal regurgitation. The patients had mild to moderate nasal sounds, and the patients were satisfied with the effect of operation and the quality of life. Conclusion:The double skin island free forearm flap is a reliable method for repairing large perforating defect of palate, with satisfactory morphological function and good effect.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Circular RNA hsa_circ_0055538 regulates the malignant biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma through the p53/Bcl-2/caspase signaling pathway

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor with high rates of metastasis and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA, are involved in the development of a variety of tumors. The roles of circRNAs in OSCC are unclear; in this study, the correlation between the circRNA hsa_circ_0055538, previously identified by high-throughput sequencing, and the biological behavior of OSCC was evaluated.MethodscircRNA expression was evaluated using patient tissue samples and various OSCC cell lines. The effects of overexpression and knockdown were evaluated by lentiviral infection and siRNA transfection of the SCC9 and CAL27 cell lines. Migration, invasion, apoptosis, and the expression of proteins in the p53 signaling pathway were evaluated. Infected cells were injected into nude mice to evaluate tumorigenesis.ResultsLow hsa_circ_0055538 expression levels were verified in tumor tissues and OSCC cell lines. Clinical data analysis showed that the expression level is related to the degree of tumor differentiation. Lentiviral infection and siRNA transfection of SCC9 and CAL27 cell lines revealed that changes in circRNA expression significantly affected the malignant biological behavior of OSCC cells. Importantly, nude mouse experiments showed that high expression of hsa_circ_0055538 inhibited tumor growth. Finally, hsa_circ_0055538 may affect the development of OSCC via the p53/Bcl-2/caspase signaling pathway.ConclusionsOur results indicated that hsa_circ_0055538 is involved in OSCC via the p53 signaling pathway and may be a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target.

Free Flap Transplantation on the repair of defects caused by oral and maxillofacial tumors resection.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of free flap transplantation on the repair of tissue defects after oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor resection and its effects on serum sialic acid (SA) and interleukin-2 (IL-2).Methods:Fifty-eight patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors were enrolled and set as the observation group. After the tumor resection, free flap transplantation was performed for postoperative repair. The postoperative efficacy, adverse reactions and follow-up indicators were observed. Moreover, 55 patients with benign tumors were enrolled into the control group, and 55 healthy persons were set as the healthy group. The levels of SA and IL-2 of the three groups were detected.Results:In the observation group, 55 patients were successfully repaired (94.83%); 15 patients had adverse reactions after surgery. The follow-up duration was two to four years, and 45 patients survived for three years, with a survival rate of 77.59%. Before treatment, the serum SA level of patients with oral malignant tumor was significantly higher than those of the control group and healthy group, while the IL-2 level was significantly lower than those of the other two groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The serum IL-2 level in the observation group one day and fourteen days after surgery was higher than that before surgery, while the serum SA level was lower than that before surgery; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of free flap transplantation in the repair of postoperative tissue defects of oral and maxillofacial tumor resection is effective and has less complications, and the determination of both serum SA and IL-2 levels offers important references to recovery of patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors and prognosis evaluation.

Botryoid Rhabdomyosarcoma: Report of a Case

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare oral soft tissue malignant tumor with pathologic features that may influence the clinical behavior, treatment, and prognosis of the lesion. We report the case of a 13-year-old female patient presenting with an asymptomatic polypoid swelling in the left jugal mucosa measuring approximately 2.5 cm in diameter and of 3 months evolution. The presumptive diagnosis was fibrous hyperplasia. An excisional biopsy was carried out. Pathologic analysis revealed proliferation of predominantly ovoid cells, with eosinophilic cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei, arranged in the subepithelial cambium layer. The mucosal surface presented a papillary–verrucous appearance. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed intense positivity for desmin, myogenin, and ki67. The diagnosis was embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (botryoid variant). The patient underwent complementary chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with no evidence of recurrence or metastatic disease at the 4-month follow-up. The clinical, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and therapeutic aspects of botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma will be discussed.

Prediction of decannulation, oral intake recovery, overall survival and lung metastasis following oral malignant tumor resection and reconstruction.

The present study investigated whether tongue base and mandibular bone defects were associated with the rate of decannulation and oral intake recovery, and survival time, including overall and lung metastasis-free survival time, in patients that underwent oral malignant tumor (OMT) resection with reconstruction. A total of 105 patients that underwent OMT resection with laryngeal preservation and reconstruction were recruited. The extent of defects was classified according to Urken's classification. The rates of decannulation and oral intake recovery were assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method. It was identified that 4-5 section segmental mandibulectomy (SM) and total glossectomy (TG) were significantly associated with a lower rate of decannulation and oral intake recovery by univariate and multivariate analysis using a Cox's proportional model. Patients in the high risk group (4-5 sections or TG) were significantly less likely to achieve decannulation and unaided oral intake. Patients in the high risk group exhibited a significantly shorter overall and lung metastasis-free survival time. Following multivariate analysis adjusted for the clinical stage (IV/I-III), past history of or postoperative radiotherapy (yes/no) and age (per year), the high risk group was associated with a significantly rate of decannulation and unaided oral intake. In conclusion, TG or wide SM is a prognostic parameter for functional and survival outcomes, including lung metastasis, in OMT.

Effect of preoperative cognitive intervention on the inhibition of the emergence agitation of the elderly surgical patients with oral malignant tumors after anesthesia

Objective To explore the effect of the preoperative cognitive intervention on inhibiting the occurrence of the emergence agitation of the elderly surgical patients with oral malignant tumors after anesthesia. Methods Eighty elderly surgical patients with oral malignant tumors were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group. There were 40 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given the routine oral malignant tumor surgery preparation and the anesthesia surgery nursing. The patients in the intervention group were given the preoperative cognitive intervention on the basis of the routine nursing. The incidence and the duration of the emergence agitation of the patients in the two groups were observed. The agitation degree was evaluated according to Riker Agitation-sedation Scale (RSS) . Results After the patients returned to the wards, the agitation happened to six patients in the control group, with the incidence rate of 15% (6/40) . The agitation happened to two patients in the intervention group, with the incidence rate of 5% (2/40) .The difference between the two groups was significant (χ2=6.274, P<0.05) . The average agitation duration in the control group was (7.67 ±1.23) min, which was significantly different from that in the intervention group (3.42±1.17) min (t=4.136, P<0.05) . According to the RSS evaluation, the agitation degree of the patients in the intervention group was slightly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was significant (χ2=3.253, P<0.05) . Conclusions The preoperative cognitive intervention in the elderly surgical patients with oral malignant tumors can significantly reduce the occurrence of the emergence agitation after general anesthesia. Key words: Aged; Oral tumors; Anesthesia; Emergence agitation; Cognitive intervention

Influences of the cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety for postoperative patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant cancer in surgery intensive care unit

Objective To investigate the effects of the cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety for postoperative patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant cancer in surgery intensive care unit. Methods A total of 82 patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor who accept surgery from January 2014 to September 2016 were chosen and averagely divided into intervention group with cognitive behavior therapy based on control group and control group taking routine nursing and general psychological care by random number table in SICU. The application of self-evaluation of anxiety scale (SAS) evaluation of anxiety level before and after the intervention in patients with and without improvement, and compare the two groups of stay in SICU patients satisfaction evaluation intervention is effective. Results Compared with control group, the cognitive behavioral therapy, after intervention group patients with SAS scoring[(50.56±6.52)]points SAS scores than the control group [(57.51 ± 6.11)] points decrease, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0. 01); intervention group check in SICU satisfaction (97.6%,40/41) also better than the control group (90.2%, 37/41), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.527, P < 0.05). Conclusion cognitive behavioral therapy can effectively reduce the anxiety of postoperative patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant cancer in SICU, and effectively improve the comfort level and satisfaction in SICU. Key words: Oral and maxillofacial surgery; Malignant cancer; Surgery intensive care unit nursing; Cognitive behavior therapy; Anxiety