Oral Hygiene In Schoolchildren Research Articles

Does Providing Story Books to Children Lead to an Improvement in Oral Hygiene in School Children: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Objective: To assess the effect of giving tooth brushing storybooks along with verbal oral hygiene (OHI) instructions on plaque levels to schoolchildren. Methodology: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in a private school in Islamabad from October to November 2022. Children in Class V were selected as the Experimental Group I (Storybooks + OHI), while Class IV children were placed in the Control Group II (OHI alone). There were 20 students in each group. Plaque levels were compared at the baseline (before intervention) and after seven days. Tooth brushing practices were recorded at the baseline. Quantitative variables, such as age and mean plaque score were reported as mean and standard deviation. Categorical variables such as gender and tooth brushing frequency were described as frequencies and percentages. Results: The mean age of the children was 9.6 + 1.08 years. A total of 16 (40%) boys and 24 (60%) girls were included in the study. Children in Group II had significantly better self-reported tooth brushing practices with 16 (80%) children brushing twice a day, as compared to 10 (50%) children from Group I (p = 0.041). There was no difference in the reduction in plaque scores between group I (0.14 + 0.21) and group II (0.08 + 0.21; p = 0.382). Conclusion: Giving story books to children is not an effective intervention to improve the oral hygiene status of children, as compared to oral hygiene instructions alone.

Systematic Literature Review on the Effect of Play Way - A Game Based Oral Health Education on Oral Hygiene of School-Going Children

Objective: In this study, the literature was systematically reviewed to evaluate the effect of play way a game based oral health education on oral hygiene of school children.Data Sources: Electronic databases were screened and hand searched. Searched electronic databases are PubMed, Cochrane library, Ovid Medline, Elsevier science direct, Wiley online library, Grey literature, Embase.Materials and Methods: Systematic literature review of clinical trials evaluating the effect of play way a game based oral health education on oral hygiene of school children by following PRISMA - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. PICO model was used for population, intervention, comparison and outcome assessment. Cochrane risk assessment tool was used for bias analysis.Results: A total of 5 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The p-value is less than 0.05 showing that all the studies were statistically significant. Therefore, game-based oral health education is superior to conventional oral health education.Conclusion: This systematic review concludes that game-based oral health education effectively improves the oral hygiene of school children than conventional oral health education.

Parental Knowledge and Practices Regarding Oral Hygiene of School Children of a School in Nepal

Parental Knowledge and Practices Regarding Oral Hygiene of School Children of a School in Nepal

Sugary Foods and Beverages Relationship to Fungal Colonization and Oral Hygiene in School Children

Sugary foods and beverages are highly consumed by children. It is a substrate for fungal growth and has effects on oral hygiene. The study aimed to determine sugary foods and beverages’ relationship to oral fungi and hygiene. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 students aged 11-12 years old, selected based on inclusive-exclusive criteria. Demographic data and sugary foods and beverages consumption were recorded in a questionnaire. The oral material was collected and cultured in SDA media. Fungal growth was evaluated microscopically, and then fungal identification used the Integral System YEASTS Plus (Liofilchem®). OHI was used to assess oral hygiene. Results showed that 72.0% were 12 years old, the frequency of sugary foods and beverages consumption was more than once per week in 85 children (56.67 %), mostly girls (30.9%). The fungus found was mostly Candida (55.3%), and 43.3% of children had poor oral hygiene. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between the frequency of sugary foods and beverages consumption with fungal colonization (p<0.05) and oral hygiene (p<0.05). The correlation between fungal colonization and oral hygiene was statistically significant (p<0.05). This study provides insight into the relationships between sugary foods and beverages, fungal colonization, and oral hygiene.

Self-check with plaque disclosing solution improves oral hygiene in schoolchildren living in a children\u2019s home

BackgroundThe effectiveness of an oral hygiene program for children living in a children’s home has been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have evaluated the possible effects of self-checking of oral health among children residing in a children’s home. The objective of this study was to examine if self-checking using plaque disclosing solution improves oral hygiene in schoolchildren living in a children’s home.MethodsWe enrolled nine schoolchildren (six girls) without untreated decayed teeth living in a children’s home in Japan. This preliminary study was designed as a 5-month program comprising group and individual instructions and self-checking using plaque disclosing solution. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for statistical analysis to evaluate the change of Plaque Control Record (PCR) and Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP).ResultsThe mean PCR significantly decreased to 38.7% after 3 months of self-checking using disclosing solution compared with that before self-checking (i.e., at 1 month) (60.7%) (P < 0.01). PHP score significantly decreased to 1.4 at 4 months compared with that at baseline (2.8) and at 1 month (2.7) (P = 0.012 and P = 0.018). Improvement of oral hygiene status was evaluated according to the ratio of PCR at 4 months to that at 1 month. The average improvement ratio was 0.4 ± 0.35 (range: 0.0–1.0). Significant correlation was not found between improvement rate and school grade (r = 0.63, P = 0.070).ConclusionsOur results suggest that self-checking with disclosing solution may be effective in improving oral hygiene among schoolchildren at a children’s home.

Evaluation of oral hygiene in school children from the eastern region of Wielkopolska

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess oral health in school-age children on the basis of subjective and objective judgement, based on selected indicators.Material and Methods. The study included students aged 10–13 years of primary and junior-high schools in the Mid Eastern region of Wielkopolska. Oral hygiene assessment was based on a prepared subjective questionnaireas well as on the basis of indicators: API P1.I, GI, including the sex of children.Results. Of the 161 children of school age, most of them, as many as 145 showed attention to oral health, brushing teeth twice a day; some of them apply additional measures for oral hygiene – 39 children. In both sexes there were no deviations indicators examined. Between gender showed no difference, as confirmed statistically.Conclusions. Oral hygiene in children with high health awareness rated positively, it should be emphasized that despite noninvasiveness the research group of respondents accounted for a small percentage of the children invited to the study, which points the need to undertake educational activities on a larger scale.

Evaluation of oral hygiene in school children from the eastern region of Wielkopolska

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess oral health in school‑age children on the basis of subjective and objective judgement, based on selected indicators.Material and Methods. The study included students aged 10–13 years of primary and junior‑high schools in the Mid Eastern region of Wielkopolska. Oral hygiene assessment was based on a prepared subjective questionnaireas well as on the basis of indicators: API P1.I, GI, including the sex of children.Results. Of the 161 children of school age, most of them, as many as 145 showed attention to oral health, brushing teeth twice a day; some of them apply additional measures for oral hygiene – 39 children. In both sexes there were no deviations indicators examined. Between gender showed no difference, as confirmed statistically.Conclusions. Oral hygiene in children with high health awareness rated positively, it should be emphasized that despite noninvasiveness the research group of respondents accounted for a small percentage of the children invited to the study, which points the need to undertake educational activities on a larger scale.

Evaluation of oral hygiene in school children from the eastern region of Wielkopolska

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess oral health in school‑age children on the basis of subjective and objective judgement, based on selected indicators. Material and Methods. The study included students aged 10–13 years of primary and junior‑high schools in the Mid Eastern region of Wielkopolska. Oral hygiene assessment was based on a prepared subjective questionnaireas well as on the basis of indicators: API P1.I, GI, including the sex of children. Results. Of the 161 children of school age, most of them, as many as 145 showed attention to oral health, brushing teeth twice a day; some of them apply additional measures for oral hygiene – 39 children. In both sexes there were no deviations indicators examined. Between gender showed no difference, as confirmed statistically. Conclusions. Oral hygiene in children with high health awareness rated positively, it should be emphasized that despite noninvasiveness the research group of respondents accounted for a small percentage of the children invited to the study, which points the need to undertake educational activities on a larger scale.

English

BACKGROUND: The importance of the subject in lives of the people and the fact that much of the oral problems could be prevented by adopting simple measures to maintain the hygiene in the oral cavity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral diseases, knowledge, and oral hygiene practices including health care seeking behavior, proper diet and oral habits for a healthy mouth of school children in Bijapur using a questionnaire and oral examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects for this study were randomly selected from three schools of Bijapur in the age group of 7-12 years. A total of 300 children were screened with the help of predesigned questionnaire and scored in accordance with World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. RESULTS: Out of 300 students 37.33% of the children having oral problems belonged to the age group of ten. Out of 300 students 18% had carious teeth. Out of 300 students 67.67% brushed their teeth once a day. Out of 300 students 75.33% brushed their teeth in horizontal strokes only. A significant relationship was found between the frequency of brushing and the oral problems faced by the students. Chi-square test also showed a significant relationship between the type of strokes and the oral problems faced by the students. Out of 235 students who having oral problems, 80.43% did not visit the dentist for regular check-ups. CONCLUSION: The oral hygiene of school children in Bijapur was poor with oral diseases like discolored teeth, caries, and bad breaths, bleeding gums, mouth ulcers and malposition. A high prevalence of discolored teeth and caries shows a lack of established oral hygiene practices. A comprehensive community-focused oral health care intervention that includes oral health education in homes and the strengthening of school health programme is needed to improve the oral health status of children in Bijapur.

Impact of school based oral health education programmes in India: a systematic review.

The teaching of Oral Health Education aims at preventing the dental disease and promoting dental health at early stages. Schools are powerful places to shape the health, education and well-being of our children. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of school dental health education programmes conducted in various parts of India. A systematic review from available literature was carried out. The study examined papers relating to oral health interventions which were published between 1992 and 2012. Ten articles were selected and included in the review. All the studies were found to contain the required information on the outcomes of school dental health programmes in India. Different methods were used to deliver oral health education. All the studies reported significant improvement in oral hygiene of school children after imparting dental health education. In some studies, school teachers were also trained to impart oral health education. Decreased level of awareness was found in children coming from low income families. Longer duration studies are needed to improve the results. School dental education programmes should be more focused on north-eastern Indian population.

Novo protocolo para as ações de saúde bucal coletiva: padronização no armazenamento, distribuição e uso do material de higiene bucal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the storage and distribution of toothbrushing material for school children. Twenty individuals responsible for the collective oral hygiene of school children from Bauru - SP and São José dos Campos - SP participated in the first stage of the study, answering 2 questionnaires about five different kits for use by school children. The statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon (p<0,05). In the second stage, the amount of toothpaste or liquid cleanser applied to the toothbrush by 178 school children aged 4 to 8 years from 2 cities from the state of São Paulo (Bauru e Bariri) was weighed using a portable balance. The statistical analysis was obtained by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and analysis of covariance (p <0,05). Kit 5 obtained levels of satisfaction and high satisfaction when compared with the others kits (1 - 4). The school children from Bauru (0.41g) used smaller amounts of toothpaste than the school children from Bariri (0.48g). The average of the amount of liquid cleanser applied by the sample was 0.15g. The "drop technique" (liquid cleanser) was considered practical for dispensing a small, standardized quantity of the product. Kit 5 was considered a good alternative for establishing a collective oral health protocol in the Brazilian health system.

Oral health status of school children in Mbarara, Uganda.

Despite the need for oral health morbidity surveys to aid in reviewing of the oral health services, dental data of Ugandan children is scanty. To describe the magnitude and distribution of selected oral health conditions among primary school children in Mbarara, Uganda. A stratified two-stage cluster sample of 437 children aged 5-6, 8-9 and 11-12 was enrolled. The selected conditions included: dental caries, plaque, calculus, gingivitis, fluorosis and malocclusion (maxillary overjet). These conditions were diagnosed and scored in accordance with World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. The mean decayed, missing, filled permanent teeth (DMFT) was 1.5(±0.8 SD). Females had higher DMFT (1.6±0.8SD) than males (1.3±0.8SD). Decayed, filled milk teeth (dt) was 2.7(±1.8SD) but more in males 3.1(±2.1SD) than in females 2.4(±1.6SD). Children in private schools were likely to have more caries in both permanent teeth (DMFT: 1.6±0.9SD) and milk teeth (dt: 3.0±1.9SD). Day-scholars were likely to have more caries in permanent teeth (DFMT: 1.50.8SD). Those in boarding were likely to have more caries in milk teeth (dt: 3±2.2SD). Milk teeth caries decreased with age (p<0.0001). Eight (1.8%) had very mild to moderate fluorosis. Nine (2%) lost permanent canines due to practice of "nylon teeth mutilation." Majority 325(75%) had dental plaque, which increased with age (p<0.0001). Males significantly had plaque. Children in private schools were associated with less plaque (OR: 0.6, 95%CI: 0.4-0.9), as were those in boarding schools. Some 113(25.9%) had calculus that increased with age (p<0.0001). Calculus was more prevalent in males, government schools, and among day-scholars. Females were less likely to have maxillary overjet (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8). Day-scholars were 2 times more likely to have maxillary overjet (OR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.1-3.5). None had severe gingivitis. The oral hygiene of school children was poor with high plaque prevalence demonstrating a lack of established oral hygiene practices. A comprehensive community-focused oral health care intervention that includes oral health education in homes and the strengthening of school health programme is needed to improve the oral health status of children in Mbarara.

HUBUNGAN PERILAKU TERHADAP KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT MURID-MURID SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI (SDN) DKI JAKARTA PENDERITA GIGI BERJEJAL (Kajian pada murid-murid kelas 4-6 SDN di DKI Jakarta)

Indonesian are having oral health disease which relate with oral hygiene. Most of oral health diseases are dental caries and periodontal disease. Dental crowding is one type of dental malocclusion that cause those diseases. On the other hand, behaviour has an important role to influence oral health status. The aim of this study to get information about the relation between behavior and oral hygiene of school children with dental crowding in DKI Jakarta. This study has been done on 277 fourth to sixth grade elementary school children from 5 districts at DKI Jakarta. This observational study has been done by chi-square test. The result has shown that there is no relation between behaviour to oral hygiene of dental crowding school children (p=0.93).

La salud bucodental en los escolares gallegos. 1995

To ascertain the condition of the oral hygiene of school children 6 and 12 years of age in Galicia and to assess the degree to which said condition meets the World Health Organization (WHO) oral hygiene objectives for the year 2000. Observational cross-sectional study conducted in 1995 on a group of school children 6 and 12 years of age in Galicia selected by means of a multi-stage sampling by conglomerates, stratified by provinces and type of habitat. This study was conducted on 1,288 school age children, 643 in the 6-year-old group and 645 in the 12-year-old group. 46.7% of the 6 year-old children and 64.2% of the 12 year-olds were found to have cavities, which means an oc index of 1.84 and a AOC index of 1.60, respectively. A trend toward improvement in the oral hygiene of school-age children in Galicia has been found. The oral hygiene-related objectives recommended by the WHO for the year 2000 in the region of Europe have been accomplished, as a result of which further objectives are recommended.

BELIEFS, ATTITUDES AND ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN NIGERIA: The Case of Idikan Community

The oral hygiene of school children in Idikan, an inner-city neighbourhood in Ibadan, Nigeria, was observed to be poor. In order to better understand the reasons for this and be able to plan an appropriate strategy to improve the situation, a questionnaire survey as well as a focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted Elders within the community were asked to discuss the oral hygiene practices of their children with specific reference to materials used and the frequency of cleaning undertaken by the minors. In general, the children were said to start cleaning their own teeth about the time of school enrolment (i.e. around age six). Results show that the majority brushed once in a day using chewing-sticks. Also gingivitis emerged as the most frequently occurring oral lesion among the children. Furthermore, the survey showed that most children were reluctant to brush at any other time apart from the morning. A few said they would definitely not brush at night for fear of the consequences of a taboo. The study identified the need to design a health educational package that will specifically addressed the observed negative beliefs and practices among children of school age.