Oral Health Problems In Children Research Articles

ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION OF MAGIFRESH MOUTHWASH MANALAGI APPLE PEEL EXTRACT FOR CHILDREN

Dental and oral health problems in children can hinder their growth and development. One of the ways to prevent dental diseases is by maintaining oral hygiene, including using mouthwash to remove plaque. Currently, mouthwash containing active ingredients from natural plants is being increasingly developed, one of which uses the manalagi apple. This study aims to evaluate the organoleptic properties of mouthwash made from manalagi apple peel extract. The research is experimental in nature. The sample used in this study is the peel of the manalagi apple. The research process includes extracting using the maceration method and formulating mouthwash with a 25% concentration of apple peel extract, followed by an organoleptic evaluation over 3 weeks. The results showed that the organoleptic properties of the mouthwash remained stable, with a minty and sweet taste, menthol aroma, no sediment, and a red color. Based on these results, it is concluded that MAGIfresh mouthwash with manalagi apple peel extract has the potential to be favored by children.

EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH PROMOTION USING ASSEMBLR EDU ON INCREASING KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF MAINTAINING DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH

Background: The increase dental and oral health problems in children can be caused by an attitude of neglecting dental and oral hygiene which is based on a lack of knowledge. One example is the low attitude and behavior when brushing teeth and dental visit in Banjarmasin City. Purpose: This study aims To analyze the effectiveness of health promotion using Assemblr Edu on increasing knowledge and attitudes about maintaining oral health in students aged 10-12 years at SDN Kebun Bunga 4 Banjarmasin. Method: This research uses a type of quasy-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design and uses non-probability sampling technique as purposive sampling. The population is students aged 10-12 years at SDN Kebun Bunga 4 Banjarmasin. The sample consisted of 16 people in the Assemblr Edu group and 16 people in the control group. The instrument used in this research is a questionnaire. Data analysis used Wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney test. Results : The Wilcoxon test showed that there were differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after health promotion in the Assemblr Edu intervention group (knowledge : p=0,000; attitudes : p=0,000), in the control group there was no difference in knowledge and attitudes between pretest and posttest (knowledge : p=0,755; attitudes : p=0,290). The results of the Mann Whitney between the intervention and control groups (knowledge : p=0,000; attitudes : p=0,001). Conclusion: Health promotion using Assemblr Edu is effective in increasing knowledge and attitudes about maintaining oral health.

Evaluation of Child Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Bleeding Disorders

Abstract Background Oral bleeding is a common symptom for many inherited and acquired bleeding disorders in children. Understanding oral health and treatment needs of patients with bleeding disorders is necessary for patients' primary oral health prevention. Aim of the Work To evaluate the oral health problems in children with bleeding disorders both clinically and with child oral health related quality of life questionnaire score. To assess the effect of intervention (education and any necessary dental procedure) on the child oral health related quality of life questionnaire score. Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 patients aged from (2-18 years), males represent n = 47 (67.1%), females n = 23 (32.9%). Inherited bleeding disorders represent n = 37 (52.9%) and acquired bleeding disorders represent n = 33 (47.1%). ITP n = 33 (47.1%), hemophilia A n = 27 (38.6%), Von Willebrand’s disease n = 7 (10%) and Glanzmann n = 3 (4.3%) and all subjected to full history taking, examination, dental health estimation, oral health education, dental management and replacement therapy as needed at baseline and after 6 months of follow up from October 2021 to April 2022. ITP bleeding score (ISTH SSC bleeding assessment tool) used to assess severity of ITP patients. Child oral health related quality of life and child oral health impact profile questionnaires were filled by patients/parents at base line and after 6 months follow up. Results The current study revealed that (57.1%) of patients have dental caries. Regarding oral hygiene status, (10%) of patients have poor oral hygiene. Regarding gingival health, (50%) of patients have moderate gingivitis and (11.4%) have severe gingivitis. Oral symptomatology, Psychological domain for child, Psychological domain for family, Social domain for child and Total oral health score were significantly affected more with long duration of disease (p-value =0.0005, 0.0015, 0.010, 0.022 and 0.0045 respectively). There was statistically significant improvement in oral health related quality of life questionnaire score after 6 months of follow up with total oral health score (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion Oral health was significantly affected among patients with acquired and inherited bleeding disorders. Oral health education and management had significant impact on oral health related quality of life scores after 6 months of follow up.

Assessment of awareness among parents about preventive measures of oral health problems in children

Objectives: Oral health is an essential factor of day to day life. The habit of maintaining oral health and daily routine for the same should be incorporated into the children from their childhood. An oral cavity free from all disease is maintained by awareness about the preventive measures. Parents play a key role in their kids’ life, thus their understanding toward oral health are important. The aim of the study was to assess awareness among parents about preventive measures of oral health problems in children. The main objective is to assess awareness of problems related to oral cavity and to encourage parents to maintain good oral hygiene of their children by adapting preventive measures and also to know the requirement of encouraging oral health promotion programs. Materials and Methods: A pre-validated questionnaire was distributed among the parents of children aged till age of 12 years old. The questionnaire related to oral hygiene practice and awareness of oral health problems including 13 questions were distributed through Google forms to parents through WhatsApp and email. Results: A questionnaire with 13 items was used to evaluate parents’ knowledge of oral health. Forty-two men and 62 women made up the 104 parents of children between the ages of 6 months to 12 years. Demographic details include 59.61% of females and 40.38% of males were participated. A total of 104 parents participated in the study. In a poll of 104 parents, it was determined that 81.73% of the parents believed that brushing twice a day was important, and 51.92% of the parents felt that they should visit their dentist at 6–12 months of age of child. It was determined from the survey that 81.73% of the parents wanted more information on how to maintain their children’s teeth better. To address all of the survey’s questions, an educational brochure was issued once the questionnaires were collected. It is essential that parents and dentists teach their kids good brushing and oral hygiene habits. Conclusion: Although the parent’s understanding of the many elements that affect dental health was good, there are some aspects where still lack of knowledge exist that must be taken into account. Parents’ education can be the most encouraging factor in preventing oral health problems because prevention is always preferable to cure. To enhance awareness and start dental caries prevention techniques early, it is necessary to supervise dental health education initiatives that are directed at parents of school-aged children.

Model Cakar Sebagai Media Edukasi Terhadap Peningkatan Perilaku Remaja dalam Pencegahan Karang Gigi


 
 
 
 Based on RISKESDAS data for 2018, 57.6% of people in Indonesia have dental and oral health problems. Meanwhile, in the province of Central Java, dental and oral health problems reached 56.66% and only 9.02% received treatment. In the city of Semarang, dental and oral health problems reached 48.38% and only 14.22% received treatment. Dental health problems in adolescents are not much different from dental and oral health problems in children and adults. There are many ways that can be done to overcome these problems including the use of multimedia as an educational medium. The use of Augmented Reality has proven effective in increasing student learning interest. Proving the effectiveness of applying the CAKAR model (Augmented Reality Tartar Disc) as an educational medium in increasing changes in adolescent behavior in preventing tartar. The method used is Research and Development with a Quasy experiment Pretest-Posttest group design research design. The "CAKAR" model is appropriate as a media for dental health education with expert validation results of 82% and a p-value of 0.008, as well as the results of the delta test stating that its application is effective in increasing intervention knowledge (Δ5.03), control (Δ0.63), intervention attitude (Δ6.9). ) control (Δ0.16), intervention measures (Δ2.63) control (Δ0.43), and decreased OHIS intervention score (Δ0.42) control (Δ0.18). The application of "CAKAR" is appropriate and effective in changing adolescent behavior in preventing tartar.
 
 
 

The Effect of Promotion with Flipchart Media on Toothbrush Knowledge Levels of Maintaining Dental and Oral Health in Children

Elementary school children possess a high risk of dental caries. Based on the Basic Health Research 2018 data, the percentage of dental and oral health problems in the 10–14 year age group is 41.4%. Efforts to reduce dental and oral health problems in children are conducted by health promotion which can be implemented with flipchart media. Flipchart media can be an alternative; hence, elementary school children are able to better understand the importance of knowledge on maintaining oral health. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of promotion with flipcharts on the level of toothbrush knowledge of maintaining oral and dental health in children. This type of research was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with control group. The research location is at SD Muhammadiyah Banyuraden, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The research sample is 80 children aged 8 to 12 years. The sampling technique employed purposive sampling. The influence variable is promotion with flipchart, and the affected variable is the level of knowledge in maintaining oral health. The treatment and control groups performed pretest and posttest to determine the level of knowledge of dental and oral care in elementary school children. The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test analysis demonstrated that before and after promotion, the two groups owned a significant difference in toothbrush knowledge level (p=0.00). The results of the Mann Whitney test analysis display that the mean rank of children's toothbrush knowledge level using flipchart media is greater than PowerPoint media, which is 58.03> 20.98 so that it can be stated that the use of flipchart media is more effective than PowerPoint media. The conclusion of the study is that promotion by employing flipchart media can increase the level of toothbrush knowledge on maintaining oral and dental health in children.

Educational Intervention on Pediatricians’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Child Oral Health: A Hospital Based Longitudinal Study

Background: Pediatricians provide multiple early childhood screenings and are in a privileged position to promote child oral health by enacting timely dental referrals. Our primary objective included assessing the pre- and post- educational intervention knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatricians on child oral health. The secondary objective included the assessment of prevalence of oral health problems in children attending Pediatrics out-patient department (OPD). Methods: This one-year hospital based longitudinal study involved conveniently selected 400 children (6 months to 14-years-old) from Pediatrics OPD and 12 pediatricians (complete enumeration) from a university hospital, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal. Screening for oral health problems in children was performed. Pre- and post-educational intervention knowledge and attitude towards child oral health of the pediatricians were assessed using a validated questionnaire. The practice component was assessed through pre- questionnaire and pre- and post-intervention dental referral paper practice. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square and paired t-tests. Results: Educational intervention significantly increased the knowledge score of the pediatricians but not their attitude (p = 0.72) or the paper dental referral practice. Oral health problems were observed in 59.3% of the children attending pediatrics OPD, dental caries being the most prevalent (49.9%). Conclusion: More than half of the children attending pediatrics OPD had oral health problems. Educational intervention was effective in improving pediatricians’ knowledge but not their attitude and the paper dental referral practice.

Exploring associations between oral health measures and oral health-impacted daily performances in 12–14-year-old schoolchildren

BackgroundOral health-related quality of life, a prominent topic in dentistry, has been studied extensively. However, the comparison between various self-perceived and clinical oral health measures still needs to be explored. The purpose of the current study is; first, to report the self-perceived and clinically examined oral health measures that are associated with the oral impacts on daily performances. Second, to identify the oral health measure that best predicts greater oral impact scores. Third, to investigate the difference in findings related to the disease experience measures and the treatment measures.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out on children aged 12–14 years. The prevalence, frequency, and oral impact scores of each daily performance were calculated. Thirteen self-perceived OH conditions were assessed. Clinically examined oral health measures included gingival health, oral hygiene status, DMFT, DT, MT, and FT scores and, one or more decay (1 + D), missing (1 + M) and filled (1 + F) teeth. Simple linear and multiple linear regressions were carried out to report the associations.ResultsAt least one oral health impacted daily performance was reported by 40% of the total sample of schoolchildren (N = 700). Based on the magnitude and precision of adjusted regression coefficients (RC), decay severity (DT) was identified as a better predictor of a greater oral impact score with regression coefficient values ranging between 0.3 (social contact) and 2.4 (1 + performance). Contrariwise, MT and FT components of DMFT were associated with lower oral impact scores. The self-perceived measures were also associated with oral impact scores and presented similar findings to that of the clinical oral health measures.ConclusionsUntreated decay significantly impacted daily performances, especially eating, sleeping, studying, and social contact. The findings are of importance to public health practitioners for reporting, treating, and preventing oral health problems in children, and eventually contributing to better oral health-related quality of life.

Comparison of Oral Health Problems in Children: A Cross Sectional Survey in Pakistan

Aim: To determine and compare the oral health, in term of oral health, community periodontal and DMFT index, of primary and elementary school children. Subjects and method: In this study 694 students were examined for oral health. 347 students were from primary school whereas other half were from elementary school. The sample population was selected via a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using Simplified oral health index (OHI-s), community periodontal index (CPI) and decay missing Filled tooth (DMFT). Results: in the study 39(11.2%) of primary school students and 49(14.1%) of elementary school students have poor oral hygiene. Similarly among primary school students 62(17.9%) have bleeding gums and 30(8.6%) of the students have calculus teeth. Among elementary school students 74(21.3%) have bleeding gums and 40(11.5%) of the students have calculus teeth. Conclusion: In primary and elementary school students simplified oral health index and community periodontal index was satisfactory and no difference was observed whereas on the basis of decay missing Filled tooth index primary school students have low average score. Keywords: Oral health, school, children, cross sectional survey

Pediatricians' Knowledge of Emergency Management of Dental Injuries and Use of Mouthguards: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Aim: Dental injuries are one of the most frequent oral health problems in children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate Croatian pediatricians’ knowledge and practice regarding dental injuries management and the use of mouthguards as means of protection against traumatic injuries. Materials and methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey conducted among 186 pediatricians examined their demographic characteristics, knowledge and experience with dental injuries. Student t-test or one-way ANOVA, with Tukey’s post-hoc were used to analyze obtained data (p ≤ 0.05). Results: The overall mean score of knowledge on the management of dental injuries was 3.6 ± 1.53 points. Male pediatricians (p = 0.016), those who witnessed dental injuries (p = 0.003), and those who had more than ten years of pediatric practice (p = 0.027) showed better knowledge. The results of multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated impact between pediatricians’ knowledge in the emergency treatment of traumatic dental injuries concerning the level of health care (practice settings) (β = −0.254, p = 0.002) and the number of patients treated by a pediatrician per day (β = −0.187, p = 0.030). Conclusion: Pediatricians have a low level of knowledge regarding the primary care of traumatic dental injuries. An additional course on dental injurie management should be recommended as part of the physician and pediatricians’ educational training.

Association between domestic violence and oral health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Domestic violence has a negative impact on development, general health, and quality of life of children and adolescents. This study aimed to revise knowledge regarding the consequences on oral health and its related outcomes of children and adolescents exposed to domestic violence. We conducted this systematic review in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, adhering to a published protocol in PROSPERO. This review systematically searched the literature using the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, LILACS, SciELO databases and Grey Literature, for articles published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, with no publication date limits. Quality of studies was assessed using New Castle Ottawa scale and its modified version. All process was carried out independently by two researchers. Fourteen studies were included. Nine studies were cross-sectional, four were case-control, and one was a retrospective cohort. All studies included in this review found a higher risk of having some oral health problem and being exposed to some type of domestic violence. The main oral health problems associated with some type of violence were caries experience (decayed, missing and filled teeth), poor self-perceived oral health, malocclusion, poorer oral health related quality of life, poorer oral hygiene, and early childhood caries experience. Important methodological advancements are needed to better understand potential moderators.

Features of the Organization of Dental Care for Underage Patients in Tense Epidemiological Conditions

In modern conditions, dental care for children who need it from an early age is associated with a number of difficulties. The fear of catching a new coronavirus infection has led to a number of restrictions that negatively affect the practice of providing medical care to underage patients. For this reason, it is important to provide dental care to young patients, since the loss of teeth at an early age causes significant problems at an older age. The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the organization of dental care for underage patients in the tense epidemiological conditions associated with the spread of coronavirus infection on a global scale. In the conclusions of the study, it was noted that taking into account the complex epidemiological conditions, approaches to providing dental care will change. Traditional approaches used to address oral health problems in children before the COVID-19 pandemic will need to be adapted to the new era. Minimal intervention methods that minimize or eliminate aerosol formation should be practiced, as well as comprehensive oral health prevention measures to ensure the safety of dental offices at this unprecedented time, to control disease and maintain oral health in the population.

The burden of oral health problems in children with mental health disorders in the United States

Mental health disorders (MHDs) are major public health concerns with increasing risk of morbidity and mortality among children. Oral health problems (OHPs) are receiving attention as associated comorbidities. This study assessed the burden of oral health problems in children aged 3-17 years with MHD in the United States. Cross sectional analyses was performed using the National Survey of Children's Health database 2016-2017 containing information of 60,655,439 children. Weighted survey binomial logistic regression generating odds ratio for association between MHD and OHP were calculated. Weighted dose-response models captured incremental effects of MHD severity on oral health conditions. Population attributable risk (PAR) to quantify proportions of potentially avertable OHP as a result of intervention targeted at different levels of MHD severity were estimated. Prevalence of OHP among those with any MHD was 22.5percent. Children with MHD were more likely to be non-Hispanic White, living in poorer households, and having private health insurance P< 0.001. Dose-response analyses showed children with mild MHD were 85 percent more likely [OR=1.85 (95% CI: 1.47-2.32)], and those with moderate/severe MHD 93 percent more likely (OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.50-2.49) to experience OHP, compared to children without MHD. Population attributable risk (PAR) revealed that if mild and moderate/severe MHD were improved by 75 percent, OHP would be averted in 152,206 children with mild and 255,851 with moderate/severe MHD, respectively. Our results suggest that disparities persist among the pediatric population with MHD who suffer OHP in the United States.

Paediatric Oral Health during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BackgroundDuring the period of health emergency linked to the current COVID‐19 pandemic, the paediatric dentists’ management of oral health problems in children must have as primary objective the control of the spread of the disease according to specific protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of viral transmission.AimThis paper examines the possible clinical conditions that may require intervention by the paediatric dentist, distinguishing clinical situations that fall into the category of paediatric dental emergencies from conditions of oral pathologies that normally do not represent an emergency. The definition of rigorous and highly effective infection control protocols in the dental settings must therefore be complemented by the development and strengthening of remote communication techniques with the parents, who must be adequately educated on preventive and palliative measures for the management of their children's oral health, with the aim of postponing clinical attendance to when the circumstances become favourable.ConclusionsThe experience gained with these approaches and models of treatment, where remote interaction techniques play a central role, will hone the communication skills of the paediatric dentist and will retain its usefulness even at the end of the current emergency period.

Özel Bakım Gereksinimi Olan Bireylerde Ağız-Diş Bulgularının Değerlendirilmesi

Amac: Ozel bakim gereksinimi olan cocuklarda agiz sagligi problemleri, genel saglik sorunlarina ek olarak ortaya cikan buyuk bir saglik sorunudur. Bu calismanin amaci, Istanbul ilinde ozel egitim veren okullarda muayene edilen ozel bakim gereksinimi olan bireylerin agiz-dis sagligi verilerinin degerlendirilmesidir. Gerec ve Yontemler: Bu kesitsel calisma Istanbul Universitesi Dis Hekimligi Fakultesi Pedodonti Anabilim Dali ile Istanbul Universitesi Dis hekimligi Fakultesi Engelsiz Gulusler Ogrenci Kulubu sosyal sorumluluk projesi olarak Istanbul ili icerisinde ozel egitim veren okullarda gerceklestirildi. Agiz ve dis sagligi taramalari icin her bir tarama oncesi ozel olarak izin alindi. Agiz muayenesi gun isiginda tek kullanimlik ayna, sond ve presel yardimi ile yapildi. Muayenede cocuklarin yaslari, engel durumlari, ilac kullanip kullanmadiklari, dis curugu varligi, dental travma varligi, dis sikma ve malokluzyon durumlari kaydedildi. Verilerin degerlendirilmesinde uygun istatistiksel testler/analizler kullanildi ve anlamlilik duzeyi 0,05 olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: 42’sinde otizm, 111’inde mental retardasyon ve 10’unda Down sendromu olmak uzere 163 ozel bakim gereksinimi olan bireyin agiz ici muayenesi yapildi. Her uc grubun DMFT ve dft ortalamalari arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli bir fark bulunmadi (p>0,05). Down sendromlu bireylerde notral okluzyon gorulme orani, otizmli bireylerden daha dusuk bulundu (p<0,05). Sinif II malokluzyon icin gruplar arasi fark gorulmezken, Sinif III malokluzyon gorulme oraninin zihinsel engellilerde otizmlilere gore daha yuksek, Down sendromlu bireylerde hem zihinsel engelli bireylerden hem de otizmli bireylerden daha yuksek oldugu goruldu (p<0,05). Sonuc: Ozel bakim gereksinimi olan bireylerin dis curukleri, malokluzyon, dislerde asinma, bruksizm, dental travma ve agiz-dis sagligi acisindan takip edilmeleri ve agiz-dis sagligi acisindan yakindan takip edilmeleri gerekmektedir.

Preventing Dental Cavities with Mouth Rinsing Song for Elementary School Students, Sawahan District, Surabaya City

Background: Dental and oral health is one of the public health indicators. Dental and oral health problems decreaseindividual health function. A lack of mouth rinsing causes dental and oral health problems in children after consumingsweet food. Dental health promotion can help the children learn about mouth rinsing and encourage them to have itregularly. MisDent is an educational program about dental health designed for children. We demonstrated and promotedmouth rinsing to the students, especially after they confused sweet food. Purpose: To promote correct tooth brushingto children and help monitoring student’s dental health partnering with the local public health center. Methods: Theprogram used dental health promotion strategies Patemon 2 Elementary School. We evaluated the program as well.Results: About 60% of students at Petemon 2 Elementary School were able to answer the questions correctly, have mouthrinsing correctly, memorize the “REK KUMUR REK” song. Conclusion: “MisDent” involved the first and second-gradestudents of Patemon 2 Elementary School. The program was expected to help to educate the students about dental andoral health.

Dental and oral health problems in elementary school children: A scoping review

Abstract Background Several literature reviews with child samples have been discussed. However, reviews of dental and oral health problems in primary school-age children based on location in the oral cavity and indicators of prevalence measurement have not been synthesized. Objectives This review aimed to synthesize research on dental and oral health problems that often occur in elementary school-aged children.The search process in this review refers to predetermined clinical questions, namely PCC: population (P), concept (C), and context (C). Eligibilty criteria (1) articles in 2013–2018; (2) subjects are children aged 6–12 years; (3) articles describing dental and oral health problems; (4) articles are the original articles or research papers or research articles; and (5) a cross-sectional study type. Source of evidence The research on dental and oral health problems in children was searched through the ScienceDirect, Proquest, Medline (via Pubmed), and Ebsco databases. Charting methods The selection stage is explained in detail using the PRISMA flow diagram. Results The most common dental and oral health problems in children located in hard tissue are caries (89.47%) and in soft tissue are periodontal diseases (21.05%). Some indicators can be used to measure the prevalence of diseases in hard and soft tissues, namely decay, missing, filling teeth (DMFT) and gingival indeks (GI) and also community periodontal indeks (CPI). Conclusion Dental and oral health problems that often occur in children aged 6–12 years located in hard tissue are caries as measured by DMFT, and those located in soft tissues are periodontal diseases as measured by GI and CPI in the cross-sectional studies.

The Effect of Audiovisual Dissemination on Students 13 – 14 Years Old to Oral Hygiene Status

Introduction: Dental and oral health problems in children, especially caries, increase at age 10-14 years old due to the lack of children’s knowledge. Knowledge can be provided through dissemination. Dissemination can be delivered by audio-visual media that is easy to be understand and remember. Objective: To determine the influence of dissemination using audio-visual media on 13-14 years old students at Islamic Center Bin Baz Yogyakarta Boarding School (ICBB) of oral hygiene status. Methods: This research used experimental quasy method with one group pre-test and post-test design on 60 subjects at ICBB. Pre-test and post-test assessments include oral hygiene status measurement before and after the dissemination. This studies lasted 35 days with three times dissemination repetition within 14 days interval. Data analysis were used Paired Simple T-Test. Result: The average of oral hygiene status using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) decreased from 2,58 to 0,96. The result retrieved from Paired Simple T-Test obtained p value 0,000 (p&lt;0,05) showed that there was significant difference of oral hygiene status average before and after the dissemination was delivered. Conclusion: This study showed that audio-visual media dissemination may affect oral hygiene status on students 13-14 years old at Salafiyah Wustha Islamic Center Bin Baz Yogyakarta Islamic Boarding School.

How to maintain oral health in children with respiratory diseases: Literature review

The most frequent chronic respiratory problems in childhood are asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF). The purpose of this paper is to review basic knowledge and recent advances in oral health and associated dental morbidities in children with asthma and CF. This review considered clinical trials and systematic reviews related to oral health in children with CRD. An online base Medline was searched to determine relevant papers, using the combination of the following terms: 'asthma', 'cystic fibrosis', 'caries', 'dental erosion', and 'oral health'. Oral health problems in children with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) may be influenced by natural course of the disease, pharmacotherapy (inhalation therapy with bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic patients, systemic antibiotics and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in CF patients), medication administration technique and nutritional habits. Children with CRD may have higher prevalence of oral diseases. Patients and their parents, but also general paediatricians and pulmonologists, should be aware of importance of good oral health. Dental practitioners should be more informed about risk factors and specificities of oral health in these patients. Preventive measures, early diagnosis and effective treatment strategies in children with CRD can reduce occurrence of oral diseases and improve patient's quality of life.

Lead exposure may affect gingival health in children

BackgroundSeveral studies have reported the harmful effects of lead poisoning. However, the relationship between lead exposure and oral health of children has not been well defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood lead level (BLL) and oral health status of children.MethodsA total of 351 children (aged 7–15 years) were recruited from the pilot data of the Korean Environmental Health Survey in Children and Adolescents, which was designed to examine environmental exposure and children’s health status in South Korea. Blood samples were taken to determine BLLs and oral examinations were performed to assess oral health parameters, including community periodontal index (CPI), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI). Information regarding socioeconomic status, oral hygiene behavior, and dietary habits was collected from parents and guardians.ResultsThe participants were divided equally into four quartiles, with quartile I comprised of children with the lowest BLLs. There were significant differences for PI (p < 0.05) among the quartile groups. Using logistic regression models, we found a significant relationship between BLL and oral health parameters. The crude odds ratios for CPI, GI, and PI in the third quartile were 5.24 (95% CI: 1.48-18.56), 4.35 (95% CI: 1.36-13.9), and 4.17 (95% CI: 1.50-11.54), respectively, while the age and gender-adjusted odds ratios were 7.66 (95% CI: 1.84-31.91), 6.80 (95% CI: 1.80-25.68), and 3.41 (95% CI: 1.12-10.40), respectively. After adjustments for age, gender, parent education level, and frequency of tooth brushing, the adjusted odds ratios were 7.21 (95% CI: 1.72-30.19), 6.13 (95% CI: 1.62-23.19), and 3.37 (95% CI: 1.10-10.34), respectively.ConclusionsA high BLL might be associated with oral health problems in children, including plaque deposition and gingival diseases.