Oral Health Impact Profile Scores Research Articles

The relationship between clinical symptoms of oral lichen planus and quality of life related to oral health

IntroductionOral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic and relatively common mucocutaneous disease that often affects the oral mucosa. Although, OLP is generally not life-threatening, its consequences can significantly impact the quality of life in physical, psychological, and social aspects. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between clinical symptoms of OLP and oral health-related quality of life in patients using the OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile-14) questionnaire.Materials and methodsThis descriptive-analytical study has a cross-sectional design, with case–control comparison. In this study, 56 individuals were examined as cases, and 68 individuals were included as controls. After recording demographic characteristics and clinical features by reviewing patients' records, the OHIP-14 questionnaire including clinical severity of lesions assessed using the Thongprasom scoring system, and pain assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were completed. The ADD (Additive) and SC (Simple Count) methods were used for scoring, and data analysis was performed using the T-test, Mann–Whitney U test, Chi-Square, Spearman's Correlation Coefficient, and SPSS 24.ResultsNearly all patients (50 individuals, 89.3%) reported having pain, although the average pain intensity was mostly mild. This disease has affected the quality of life in 82% of the patients (46 individuals). The patient group, in comparison to the control group, significantly expressed a lower quality of life in terms of functional limitations and physical disability. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between clinical symptoms of OLP, gender, location (palate), and clinical presentation type (erosive, reticular, and bullous) of OLP lesions with OHIP-14 scores, although the number or bilaterality of lesions and patient age did not have any significant correlation with pain or OHIP scores.ConclusionIt appears that certain aspects of oral health-related quality of life decrease in patients with OLP, and that of the OLP patient group is significantly lower in terms of functional limitations and physical disability compared to the control group. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between clinical symptoms of OLP and pain as well as OHIP scores.

OHIP-14 Scores in Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome Compared to Sicca Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by dryness of mucous membranes, predominantly the eyes and mouth, following glandular tissue substitution. The onset of oral dryness constitutes a significant source of discomfort that negatively affects overall quality of life. This systematic review aimed at investigating the differences in Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire scores in patients diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome compared to sicca syndrome, to assess the influence of the two conditions on oral health. Study Design. A systematic electronic and manual search was performed up to December 2023 for studies reporting OHIP-14 questionnaire scores in pSS patients versus sicca syndrome. Two authors independently reviewed, selected, and extracted the data. The outcome was the assessment of OHIP-14 scores in studies comparing pSS- and sicca syndrome-affected patients. Meta-analysis was conducted on available quantitative data. Literature search retrieved 30 articles, and 3 articles met the criteria for inclusion in the review. Meta-analysis revealed significantly higher scores in patients with sicca syndrome compared to pSS, although salivary flow was markedly reduced in pSS. While offering supplementary information to standard tests and supporting the assessment of pSS and sicca syndrome patients, further validation is necessary to establish OHIP-14 validity in determining the impact of pSS and sicca syndrome on patients' quality of life.

The effect of somatic pain and comorbid mental distress on oral health-related quality of life in orthodontic patients.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of somatic pain in orthodontic patients and determine whether somatic pain contributes to worsening oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) through the mediating effect of psychological discomfort. Scale measurements and analyses were conducted on a cohort of 769 orthodontic outpatients, encompassing Patient Health Questionnaire-15-pain (PHQ-15-P), Hua-Xi Emotional-Distress Index (HEI), Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ), and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Among the respondents, 56.3% (N = 433) reported somatic pain and 20.0% (N = 154) had mental discomfort based on PHQ-15-P and HEI scores. Patients with somatic pain symptoms had significantly higher scores of HEI and OHIP-14 (P < 0.001), and higher PHQ-15-P and HEI scores emerged as statistically significant predictors of lower OHIP-14 scores (P < 0.001). HEI scores which assessed anxiety and depression partially mediated the correlation between PHQ-15-P and OHIP-14 scores, of which anxiety accounted for 52.9% of the overall mediation effect, dominating the indirect effect. Orthodontic patients reporting somatic pains were at a significantly higher risk of worsening OHRQoL during treatment, and this adverse effect is partially mediated by anxiety and depression. Our findings highlight the necessity for the assessment of general health and mental well-being during orthodontic interventions. To prevent delays in treating general disorders and the potential failure of orthodontic treatments, we encourage increased attentiveness towards patients with somatic symptoms and consideration of the adverse effects of comorbid mental distress.

Smartphone-based combined oral and whole-body exercise programme aimed at improving oral functions: A randomized clinical trial.

To investigate the effects of a smartphone-based oral and whole-body exercise programme on oral function in older adults. Individuals aged 65 years or above were randomized into three groups (non-app use, app use and control group), and a combined oral and whole-body exercise programme was conducted for 5 weeks. Oral muscle strength, saliva flow rate, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were measured before and after the intervention. The changes in each group were analysed at the end of the programme using paired sample t-tests, and the differences among the groups were analysed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and ANOVA. The anterior tongue strength increased by 2.80 kPa after the intervention in the non-app use group; however, the change was not statistically significant. In the app use group, the anterior tongue strength significantly increased by 4.48 kPa. The saliva flow rate increased by 0.54 and 0.71 g/min in the non-app and app use groups, respectively, after the intervention (p < 0.05), and the change was greater in the app use group than in the other groups (p < 0.01). There were no significant changes in the posterior tongue strength, cheek strength, OHIP-14 or GOHAI scores over the course of the study. A smartphone-based combined oral and whole-body exercise programme can improve anterior tongue strength and saliva flow rate in older participants. The programme, however, did not result in significant changes in posterior tongue strength, cheek strength and perceived oral health.

Nursing home residents’ perspectives on oral health: An in-depth interview study

BackgroundOral health is associated with general health and care dependency, but is often neglected in nursing homes. Integration of oral care into general care is necessary, but is hampered by multiple barriers at different levels. This study is part of research into the implementation of the new Oral Health Section for use within the interRAI Long-Term Care Facilities instrument, which is used to assess care needs of nursing home residents. This new Oral Health Section evaluates nine aspects of oral health and results in two Collaborative Action Points. ObjectiveTo identify residents' perspectives on oral health, oral care, and on the assessment of their oral health using the new Oral Health Section DesignQualitative design using in-depth interviews. Setting(s)Three nursing homes ParticipantsResidents were selected using purposeful sampling in nursing homes participating in research evaluating the use of the new Oral Health Section. The selection was based on their oral status for maximum variation and on their cognitive performance score. Twenty-two residents from three Flemish nursing homes agreed to participate. MethodsResidents’ oral health was assessed using the new Oral Health Section and dental indices. In-depth interviews were conducted, including the validated short-form Oral Health Impact Profile to evaluate the impact of oral conditions on residents’ well-being. The interviews were coded and analysed by three researchers and mapped into a model to understand participants’ oral health behaviours. ResultsLow Oral Health Impact Profile scores indicated a low impact of oral health issues on participants’ lives. However, despite 77.3 % of the participants reporting satisfaction with their oral health, 86.4 % had poor oral hygiene and 68.2 % required referral to a dentist, suggesting a tendency to overestimate their oral health. Their oral health behaviour was determined by a lack of oral health knowledge (Capability), positive attitudes towards oral health and autonomy (Motivation), upbringing and social support (Opportunity). Participants considered assessments with the new Oral Health Section acceptable. ConclusionsThis study shows how older people perceive their oral health and oral healthcare. Understanding their wishes and needs will not only facilitate their involvement in their oral care, but is also likely to enable the improvement of their oral hygiene and the development of effective oral care strategies for the future. Policy makers and managers of care organisations may use these results to foster integration of oral care guidelines into care protocols within nursing homes, including collaboration with dentists and dental hygienists. Tweetable abstractOral health assessments with the new Oral Health Section for use within interRAI were positively perceived by nursing home residents.

Poor Self-Rated Sleep Quality and Quantity Associated with Poor Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Indigenous Australian Adults.

Indigenous Australians score worse on both sleep and oral health. This study aimed to evaluate sleep quality and quantity associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among Indigenous Australian adults. A cross-sectional study involving 728 Indigenous Australian adults aged 18+ years was conducted. Exposure variables were sleep quality and quantity. The primary outcome variable was Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP14), which has been used to assess OHRQoL. Multivariable log-Poisson regression models were applied to estimate the mean ratios (MRs) for mean OHIP14 scores. The average OHIP14 score was 14.9, and the average amount of sleep was 6.8 h/night. After adjusting for all covariates, self-rated very bad sleep quality was associated with 2.2 times (MR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.97-2.37) higher OHIP14 scores than those who rated their sleep quality as very good. Participants who self-reported sleeping 7-8 h/night had 0.9 times (MR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.83-0.95) lower OHIP14 scores than those sleeping more than 8 h. The average number of sleep hours for Indigenous participants were lower than recommended (7-8 h/night). Our findings indicate that poor sleep quality and quantity, and oral health-related behaviours associated with sleep deprivation were positively associated with poor oral health related quality of life among Indigenous Australian adults.

Impact of prosthetic rehabilitation on oral health-related quality of life of Saudi Adults: A prospective observational study with pre–post design

This study aimed to assess the impact of prosthetic treatment on the quality of life of partially/completely edentulous patients through the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scale. This pre-post observational study was conducted in the College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, between November 2022 and September 2023. Eligible participants were those aged between 26 and 80, in need of prosthetic treatment, and able to complete the questionnaire voluntarily. The questionnaire presented to the patients had two sections; the first included demographic and dentures-related variables, and the second included the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Differences in overall OHIP-14 scores after treatment about demographic and prosthesis-related factors were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test/Kruskal Wallis test with a significance level of 0.05. Out of 108 participants, 65 were males, and 43 were females with an average age of 52 years with different prosthetic treatments (13.9 % fixed prostheses, 43.5 % removable partial, and 42.6 % complete dentures). 59.3 % brushed their teeth twice or more daily, and only 36.1 % checked them regularly. Comparison between the OHIP-14 items before and after treatment revealed that subjects exhibited improvement in all the domains. OHIP-14 scores did not differ significantly in terms of age, gender, and education after treatment. OHIP-14 score was considerably higher for patients with medical conditions (P = 0.007) and among complete denture wearers compared to patients with fixed prostheses (P = 0.025). Prosthetic treatment positively impacts oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), which improved after treatment, particularly in the social domain. There was an association between patients’ medical condition, prosthesis type, and OHIP-14 score.

Clinical efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite combined with one-time root canal therapy in the treatment of pulpitis

This study investigates the clinical efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) combined with one-time root canal therapy in the treatment of pulpitis. A total of 92 patients diagnosed with pulpitis and treated at our hospital between September 2021 and November 2022 were selected and randomly designed into a control group filled with calcium hydroxide paste and gutta-percha (n = 46) or an observation group filled with nHA and gutta-percha (n = 46). We compare the cure rate, complication rate, and recurrence rate between the two groups. After treatment, the total effective rate of patients in the observation group was 96.70%, which was significantly higher than 86.00% in the control group. Additionally, the observation group demonstrated lower Visual Analog Scale and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 scores than those of the control group. After treatment, both groups showed reduced serum levels of various inflammatory factors compared to pretreatment values. However, the observation group displayed notably lower levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein compared to their baseline levels. Furthermore, the occlusal force, gingival sulcus bleeding index, and gingival index were significantly lower in the observation group when compared with those in the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions after 6 months of treatment was only 4.30% in the observation group, which was markedly lower than that observed in the control group (18.5%). In summary, we demonstrate the remarkable clinical efficacy of n-HA combined with one-time root canal therapy in the treatment of pulpitis, highlighting its significant potential for clinical application.

Assessment of Third Molar-related Symptoms Affecting Quality of Life using Nepali Version of Oral Health Impact Profile-14: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Impacted third molars often cause pain, infections, swelling, and functional limitations. This study is an attempt to assess impacted third molars-related symptoms affecting quality of life using standardised Nepali version of oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from October 2021 to February 2022 after institutional ethical approval. Patients with impacted third molars were included by convenience sampling technique. Patients with psychiatric illness, taking psychotropic drugs, pregnant, and lactating females were excluded. third molars-related symptoms were recorded in OHIP-14 questionnaire. Data entered in Microsoft Excel sheet were analysed. The findings have been presented as frequency, percent, mean, and standard deviation. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Mean OHIP-14 score of participants was 21.77±11.59. Due to TM, “pain in the mouth” had score of (2.33±1.24) and followed by “uncomfortable experience on eating food” (2.12±2.15). Among seven OHIP-14 dimensions, “physical pain” with two items OHIP3 and OHIP4 had score of 4.53±2.19 implying most participants had “quite a lot" of physical pain due to TM: OHIP3 = 194 (50.2%) and OHIP4 = 183 (47.3%).Conclusions: Impacted third molars-related symptoms were affecting quality of life of participants.

Is tooth loss associated with oral health-related quality of life among young men? Findings from southern Brazil.

To determine the association between tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among young men from southern Brazil. Cross-sectional study of 518 young men aged 18-19 years enlisted for mandatory military service in the Brazilian Army in two cities of southern Brazil in 2019-2021. Participants were clinically examined regarding gingivitis, dental caries experience (caries lesions, missing and filled surfaces), and malocclusion. A questionnaire collected socioeconomic information and the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14). The outcome was OHRQoL, modeled as a discrete variable. The main explanatory variable was tooth loss due to caries (0 or ≥1). Negative binomial regression analysis was used; rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Tooth loss prevalence was 22.2%. Associations were detected between tooth loss and OHRQoL in the physical pain and handicap domains. Individuals with at least one missing tooth had 17% higher OHIP-14 scores in the physical pain domain (adjusted RR=1.17; 95%CI=1.01, 1.35) and 49% higher in the handicap domain (adjusted RR=1.49; 95%CI=1.03, 2.15) than those with no tooth loss. Tooth loss was negatively associated with OHRQoL among 18-19-year-old Brazilian Army conscripts, and this association was related to physical pain and handicap domains.

Functional oral status and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults in Singapore.

The objectives were to investigate the association between oral functional status (defined by the number of functional teeth and functional occluding units [FOUs]) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). It also aimed to determine if dentures could compensate for the loss of FOUs in terms of OHRQoL in community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. Community-dwelling older adults, aged 60 years and above, were recruited from a community-based oral health functional screening programme from 1 May 2018 to 31 December 2019. During the screening, an Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and oral examination were administered. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, univariate logistic regression and multivariate predictive modelling. Data from 1037 participants were analysed (52% female; mean age 71.5 (SD 7.15)). The mean OHIP-14 score was 4.5 ± 7.2. The OHIP-14 scores were significantly associated with the number of functional teeth and the number of FOUs (p < .001). Having at least 20 functional teeth or 10 FOUs was associated with a significantly lower OHIP-14 score. Those with no FOUs had higher OHIP-14 scores compared to those with at least 10 FOUs, even in the presence of a satisfactory denture. Maintaining at least 20 functional teeth or 10 FOUs was associated with better OHRQoL among community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. Dentures may have limited compensatory ability in terms of replacing natural functional occlusal units and maintaining OHRQoL.

Periodontal Health Knowledge and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Caribbean Adults.

To identify the relationship between periodontal health knowledge and oral health-related quality of life among Caribbean adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample from 3 Caribbean cities (weighted N = 1805). Participants completed a questionnaire on oral health knowledge, hygiene habits, and other practices, as well as the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The associations between knowledge and habits and OHIP-14 score and its tertiles were evaluated using negative binomial and multinomial logistic regression models, respectively, adjusting for confounders. Odds ratios and regression coefficients were reported. Participants reporting none, little, and adequate knowledge about gum health had higher odds of being in the worst tertile for OHRQoL, compared to those reporting "good knowledge" (ORnone vs good = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.59-3.54; ORlittle vs good = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19-2.78; ORadequate vs good = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.11-2.57). Participants reporting toothbrushing ≥ twice/day were less likely to be in the worst tertile for OHRQoL, compared to those brushing less often (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48-0.92). Self-reported gum bleeding was associated with double the odds of being in the worse tertile (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.60-2.58). According to the findings of this study, periodontal health knowledge is associated with reduced OHRQoL in Caribbean Adults. In addition, the frequency of brushing and the self-reported gum bleeding was related to a worse quality of life (QoL) level.

The mediator role of treatment response on oral health related quality of life in Behçet's syndrome.

The aim of the study was to analyse the effects of Treatment Response with oral ulcers on oral health related quality of life in Behçet's syndrome (BS). In the cross-sectional study, 339 BS patients (F/M: 179/160, mean age: 36,13±9,81 years) were included. Data were collected by clinical examinations and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) regarding Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and self-reported Treatment Responses coded by a 5-point Likert-type scale (1: symptoms were cured- 5: symptoms were worsened). Moderated Mediation analysis (MA) was used to understand how oral ulcer activity (independent variable; X) influenced OHIP-14 score (outcome variables, Y) through self-reported Treatment Response (M1) and age (M2) as possible mediator variables (M) and disease course (mucocutaneous and musculuskeletal involvement vs. major organ involvement) as a possible moderator variable (W) on these relationships. In Moderated MA, OHIP-14 score (Y) was mediated by the presence of oral ulcer (X) (p=0.0000), the negative Treatment Response (M1) (p=0.0001) and being young (M2) (p=0.0053) with mucocutaneous involvement (W)(p=0.0039). Self-reported Treatment Response as an underestimated issue has a Mediator role in relation to oral ulceration on oral health related quality of life in the framework of patient empowerment strategies. Therefore, study results give clues to assist physicians and dentists for better understanding of patients' perspective.

Patient-reported oral function and psychological well-being outcomes of papillary thyroid cancer patients (PTC) after surgery: a cross-sectional study.

This study was performed to evaluate the differences in oral function and psychological well-being between patients with PTC after the gasless transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (gasless-TOETVA) and patients with PTC after open surgery. PTC patients who underwent radical surgery from May 2021 to August 2022 were included in this study. Postoperative data on oral function and psychological well-being, including the Oral Health Impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y, were collected and analyzed. 212 patients were included in the analysis. Among them, 102 patients who received gasless-TOETVA were assigned to the gasless-TOETVA group, while the remaining 110 patients who underwent open surgery were categorized as the open group. Although the OHIP-14 score in the gasless-TOETVA group was higher than that of the open group from 6months to 1year after surgery (p = 0.012), the difference in OHIP-14 scores between the two groups disappeared 1year after surgery (p = 0.155). There were no differences between the gasless-TOETVA group and the open group in state-anxiety scores. However, the gasless-TOETVA group had significantly lower trait-anxiety scores than the open group at all follow-up time periods. Furthermore, within the gasless-TOETVA group, patients who were more than 1year post-surgery showed significantly increased trait-anxiety scores compared to those of patients who were less than 1year post-surgery (Δ = 3.4; p = 0.032). In contrast, the open group showed a decreasing trend in trait-anxiety scores, but there was no statistically significant difference between patients who had surgery less than 1year ago and those who had surgery more than 1year ago (Δ = - 2.2; p = 0.094). Gasless TOETVA had a temporary impact on oral function, but it did not alleviate the state of anxiety. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in trait-anxiety scores among PTC patients who underwent gasless-TOETVA after 1 year.

Osseodensification versus lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement: A randomized clinical trial on patient-reported outcome measures.

To compare patient-reported outcome measures and additional surgical outcomes after sinus floor elevation (SFE) with osseodensification (OD) versus lateral window (LW), both with simultaneous implant placement. Twenty participants requiring single-implant rehabilitation with residual bone height (RBH) ≤4 mm were enrolled. Pain experience, quality of life (QoL) via the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), analgesics intake, and other symptoms were self-reported for a week on a daily basis. Surgery duration, complications, and implant stability quotient at baseline (ISQ T0 ) and after 6 months (ISQ T6 ) were registered. Participants were followed up for 1 year. From Day 0 (day of surgery) to Day 3, pain experience was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the OD group. OHIP-14 score was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the OD group on all postoperative days, except on Day 5. Average analgesics intake was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the OD group. Surgery mean duration was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in LW compared to OD (71.1 ± 10.4 vs. 32.9 ± 5.3 min). After osseointegration period, all implants were successfully restored with screw-retained crowns. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that OD and LW techniques were similarly effective in SFE with simultaneous implant placement when RBH ≤ 4 mm. However, OD significantly outperformed LW in pain experience, impact on self-perceived QoL, surgery duration, postoperative edema, and analgesics intake.

Supra- and sub-gingival instrumentation of periodontitis with the adjunctive treatment of a chloramine – a one-year randomized clinical trial study

Periodontitis is a bacterial-induced disease and for this reason controlling the microbiota is a necessity. Therapy includes self-performed daily oral hygiene in combination with supra- and sub-gingival instrumentation. An adjunctive antimicrobial agent may improve the outcome. Aims To assess whether a chloramine (Perisolv®) has an adjunctive effect to non-surgical periodontal therapy and whether non-surgical periodontal therapy affects quality of life. Material and Methods Thirty-eight patients were randomized to a test or a control group. Clinical indices were performed at baseline and at three and twelve months. In the test group, Perisolv® was applied initially and after the sub-gingival instrumentation in pathological pockets. Oral health-related quality of life was measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) instrument at baseline and twelve months. Results In both groups, an initial probing pocket depth (PPD) of > 4 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) were statistically reduced (p < 0.002 and p < 0.002 respectively) at twelve months and after adjustment for Bonferroni. There were no significant differences between the test and the control group in terms of the number of PPD, BOP or plaque index, or in the mean OHIP score. Conclusions Chloramine did not have an adjunctive effect, but the overall therapy was significantly efficacious both clinically and in terms of quality of life. Trial registration Registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05757921.

Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors among a sample from East China with severe early childhood caries: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundTo investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and associated factors among a sample from East China with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC).MethodsA total of 316 children with S-ECC and their parents were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Children were examined for caries status using criteria proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). The accompanying parent was required to provide demographic information and complete two validated questionnaires in Chinese: the early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) and the 5-item oral health impact profile (OHIP).ResultsThe study had a 98.1% response rate. Finally, the data of 300 children and their parents were analyzed. Mothers cared for their children far more than fathers in the included family (78.7% mother, 21.3% father). The mean age of children was 4.1 ± 0.7 years, ranging from 3 to 5. The mean dmft score was 13.8 ± 3.8. Few (13.7%) children never had a toothache. ECOHIS scores ranged from 0 to 38, with a mean score of 16.2 ± 7.2. The mean OHIP score was 2.9 ± 2.7. The parental age, family income, residence, history of pain, the dmft scores and parents’ OHIP showed associations with ECOHIS scores or domain scores (P < 0.05). The multiple regression analysis showed that the history of pain, accompanying parents’ OHIP, and the dmft scores were mainly associated with ECOHIS and child impact (P < 0.05); parental age was associated with family impact (P = 0.024).ConclusionsThe parent’s OHRQoL was associated with the children’s OHRQoL, indicating that policymakers and clinical practitioners should improve both children’s and their parents’ oral health. Furthermore, the caries severity and the history of dental pain impacted children’s OHRQoL.

Efficacy of the combination of minocycline and periodontal basic therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combination of minocycline and periodontal basic treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and its impact on inflammatory factors.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 90 T2DM patients with CP admitted to the Department of Stomatology in Hainan Medical College Second Affiliated Hospital, China from January 2020 to October 2022, were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to two equal groups, viz, study and control group. Study group received minocycline in addition to routine hypoglycemic control and basic periodontal treatment, while control group received only routine hypoglycemic control and basic periodontal treatment. Treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Efficacy of the combination of minocycline and periodontal basic treatment of T2DM patients with CP in the two groups, as well as the periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (sulcus bleeding index, SBI), interleukin-36 (IL-36), interleukin-1β (IL1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, chewing function score, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score, and incidence of adverse reactions before and after treatment were determined.&#x0D; Results: The effectiveness/efficacy of treatment in study group (91.11 %) was significantly higher than in control group (75.56 %, p &lt; 0.05). After treatment, study group had reduced PD, PLI, and SBI scores than control group (p &lt; 0.05). Study group also showed lower levels of IL-1β, IL-36, and TNF-α as well as reduced OHIP-14 score and a higher chewing function score than control group (p &lt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The combination of minocycline with periodontal basic treatment improves the efficacy in T2DM patients with CP, and reduces the level of inflammatory factors with a good margin of safety.

Impact of loading protocol of a mandibular single implant-supported complete denture on oral health-related quality of life over a period of 5 years: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to assess the long-term course of OHRQoL and the impact of the loading protocol in patients receiving a single mandibular implant supporting a complete denture over a period of five years. MethodsIn this multicenter RCT, a total of 158 edentulous patients were initially included and were randomly allocated immediately after placement of a mandibular midline implant to either immediate loading (IL) or to conventional loading (CL) with submerged healing. The assessment of OHRQoL was performed with the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) at baseline and 1, 4, 12, 24, and 60 months after loading. At 5-year follow-up, 100 patients (mean age: 69.2 years; 45.0% female) with completed OHIP were available for analyses. A mixed-effects model with patients as random effect and an unstructured covariance matrix was developed to address repeated outcome measurement. ResultsThe OHRQoL improved substantially after loading, indicated by a decrease of mean OHIP summary scores from 51.0 points at baseline, by 14.2 (95%-CI: 9.4 – 19.1; p<0.001) points to 37.2 points at 1-month follow-up, and by continuous improvement to 20.4 OHIP points at final follow-up. Considering constant treatment effects, the loading protocol had no significant effect on OHIP scores (-3.7, 95%-CI: -9.4 – 2.2; p = 0.204). Time effect was statistically significant with -0.21 (95%-CI: -0.28 – -0.15; p<0.001) points per month. ConclusionBoth the immediate and conventional loading of a single mandibular midline implant supporting a complete denture offer long-lasting high levels of OHRQoL, with no significant or clinically relevant long-term differences. Clinical significanceThe study firstly presents long-term data for OHRQoL by investigating the loading protocol of single mandibular implant-supported complete dentures. Since immediate loading has been associated with a reduced implant survival rate for this concept, information on patient benefits is essential for evidence-based decision making.

Is There an Association Between Parkinson's Disease and Periodontitis? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Multiple observational studies have yielded controversial results regarding the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and periodontitis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to ascertain their bidirectional relationship. A literature search for relevant studies was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception to December 19, 2022. Effect sizes (ES) with 95% confidence intervals were pooled under the random-effects model. Then, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis and contour-enhanced funnel plot were applied to assess the stability of the results. A total of 34 studies and 24 studies were included for systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis, respectively. Pooled ES indicated that periodontitis was not significantly associated with PD risk (HR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.88-1.45, n = 3; OR = 1.94, 95% CI 0.55-6.90, n = 7), while the Mendelian randomization study revealed no association between PD and periodontitis risk (coefficient [B] = -0.0001, standard error = 0.0001, p = 0.19). Furthermore, PD patients exhibited higher levels of periodontal pocket depth (SMD = 1.10, 95% CI 0.53-1.67), clinical attachment level (SMD = 1.40, 95% CI 0.55-2.26), plaque index (SMD = 0.81, 95% CI 0.22-1.39), and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 score (SMD = 0.91, 95% CI 0.33-1.49) compared to healthy controls. Our meta-analysis identified no bidirectional association between PD risk and periodontitis risk, though the prevalence of periodontitis and poorer oral status was higher in PD patients.