Oral Health Examination Research Articles

Selfies, narcissism and oral health a cross - sectional study among adolescents and young adults in Mangaluru - India.

Background Selfies have been defined as “a photograph that one has taken of oneself, and are a continuing growing trend among Millennials and Gen Z”. Narcissism refers to a personality trait of an extraordinary self-awareness and adoration. Studies have shown a close relationship between selfie-taking behavior, narcissism and oral health. Hence, a study was conducted with aim of assessing correlations between perceived health, perceived oral health, selfie-taking behavior, narcissism and oral health behavior in an adolescent population. Methods An analytical cross-sectional questionnaire study was designed using relevant literature for collating information on sociodemographic characteristics, frequency of dental visits, selfie-taking behavior and perceived oral health. Oral health examination was performed to assess decay and plaque using DMFT index and Plaque index. Narcissism was assessed using The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory Short Form. Results The study included a sample of 163 participants. The associations between selfies taken per day and perceived oral health was statistically significant (p value 0.047*). Binary logistic regression models were constructed, which were significant for perceived oral health and grandiose fantasy. Plaque Scores showed significant corelations between indifference, manipulativeness, thrill seeking and age. Step forward binary regression demonstrated a significant odds ratio for grandiose narcissism followed by selfie-taking behavior Conclusion This study revealed a correlation between perceived oral health and selfie-taking behaviour. Further studies are required to assess selfie-taking behaviour and oral health.

Problematic screen exposure and oral health in preschool children: a comparison study

ObjectivesRecent studies have highlighted the association between problematic screen exposure (PSE) in preschool children and various health issues. This study aims to determine the relationship between PSE and oral/dental health as well as parafunctional oral habits in this population.MethodsHealthy children aged 3 to 6 years who visited the pediatric dentistry outpatient clinic were included in the study. PSE was evaluated using the parent-reported ‘Seven-in-Seven-Screen-Exposure Questionnaire’. An intraoral examination was conducted to record the number of decated, missing, and filled teeth, along with scores from the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II), as well as dental plaque and gingival indices.ResultsA total of 210 mother–child pairs were included in the study, comprising 70 pairs with PSE and 140 pairs without PSE. The sociodemographic characteristics, frequency of daily tooth brushing behaviors, use of children's toothpaste, and regular dental examinations were statistically evaluated between the PSE and non-PSE group (p > 0.05). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of having abnormal oral habits (p > 0.05). In the PSE group, the median scores for gingival and plaque index were significantly higher (p = 0.011 and p = 0.006, respectively). The median number of decayed teeth was significantly higher in the PSE group (p = 0.039).ConclusionsTurkish preschool children with PSE were found to have a significantly higher likelihood of experiencing poor oral health. Consequently, it is essential to conduct oral health examinations for Turkish preschool children exhibiting PSE. The study may have clinical implications for the evaluation of preschool children with problematic media use within dental practice.

Chronic periodontal disease is related with newly developing hypertension: a nationwide cohort study

BackgroundPeriodontal disease (PD) is a condition that can be treated and managed. This study aimed to determine if chronic PD status is associated with the risk of developing hypertension, utilizing data from the National Health Insurance Database of Korea.MethodsParticipants who received oral health examinations both in 2003 and in 2005–2006 were included. Those with a history of hypertension were excluded. Hypertension was defined as at least one outpatient or inpatient claim diagnosis (primary or secondary) of hypertension (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes I10-I11) with prescription for antihypertensive medication or at least one incident of systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg during a health examination. Changes of PD status was determined during two oral examinations. Study participants were divided into 4 groups according to the changes of PD status: PD-free (those consistently free of disease in both exams), PD-recovered (individuals with disease initially but not in the second exam), PD-developed (no disease initially, but present in the second exam), and PD-chronic (disease throughout both exams). The incidence of hypertension after the second oral health examination (index date) was monitored. Participants were observed from the index date until the earliest occurrence of hypertension onset, mortality, or December 2020.ResultsThe study comprised 706,584 participants: 253,003(35.8%) in the PD-free group, 140,143(19.8%) in the PD-recovered group, 132,397(18.7%) in the PD-developed group, and 181,041(25.6%) in the PD-chronic group. Over a median follow-up duration of 14.3 years, 239,937 (34.0%) cases of hypertension were recorded. The PD-recovered group had a lower risk of hypertension compared to the PD-chronic group, while the PD-developed group had a higher risk of hypertension compared to the PD-free group.ConclusionChronic PD is associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension. Although the increase in risk is modest, recovery from PD may have beneficial effects in reducing hypertension risk. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of regular dental examinations and effective management of PD to reduce hypertension risk.

Selfies, narcissism and oral health a cross - sectional study among adolescents and young adults in Mangaluru - India.

Background Selfies have been defined as “a photograph that one has taken of oneself, and are a continuing growing trend among Millennials. Narcissism refers to the personality trait of an extraordinary self-awareness and adoration. Studies have shown a close relationship between selfie-taking behaviour, narcissism and oral health. Hence, a study was conducted with aim of the influence of selfie-taking behavior and narcissism on oral health. Methods An analytical cross-sectional questionnaire study was designed using relevant literature for collating information on sociodemographic characteristics, frequency of dental visits, selfie-taking behavior and perceived oral health. Oral health examination was performed to assess decay and plaque. Narcissism was assessed using The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory Short Form Results The study included a sample of 163 participants. The associations between selfies taken per day and perceived oral health was statistically significant (p value 0.047*). Binary logistic regression models were constructed, which were significant for perceived oral health and grandiose fantasy. Plaque Scores showed significant corelations between indifference, manipulativeness, thrill seeking and age. Step forward binary regression demonstrated a significant odds ratio for grandiose narcissism followed by selfie-taking behavior Conclusion This study revealed a correlation between perceived oral health and selfie-taking behaviour. Further studies are required to assess selfie-taking behaviour and oral health.

Interdisciplinary CBT treatment for patients with odontophobia and dental anxiety related to psychological trauma experiences: a case series

BackgroundWhile cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a well-established treatment for odontophobia, research is sparse regarding its effect on patients with dental anxiety related to psychological trauma experiences. This study aimed to evaluate changes in symptoms and acceptability of interdisciplinary Torture, Abuse, and Dental Anxiety (TADA) team treatment for patients with odontophobia or dental anxiety. We also wanted to describe the sample’s oral health status. The TADA teams offer targeted anxiety treatment and adapted dental treatment using a CBT approach.MethodsThe study used a naturalistic, case series design and included 20 consecutively referred outpatients at a public TADA dental clinic. Pre- and post-treatment assessments included questionnaires related to the degree of dental anxiety, post-traumatic stress, generalized anxiety, and depression. Patients underwent a panoramic X-ray before treatment. Before dental restoration, patients underwent an oral health examination to determine the mucosal and plaque score (MPS) and the total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT). Patients were referred to dentist teams for further dental treatment and rehabilitation (phase 2) after completing CBT in the TADA team (Phase 1). Results from the dental treatment in phase 2 is not included in this study.ResultsAll patients completed the CBT treatment. There were significant improvements in symptoms of dental anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and depression and moderate changes in symptoms of generalized anxiety. Dental statuses were heterogeneous in terms of the severity and accumulated dental treatment needs. The TADA population represented the lower socioeconomic range; 15% of patients had higher education levels, and half received social security benefits. All patients were referred to and started adapted dental treatment (phase 2).ConclusionsTADA treatment approach appears acceptable and potentially beneficial for patients with odontophobia and dental anxiety related to psychological trauma experiences. The findings suggest that further research, including larger controlled studies, is warranted to validate these preliminary outcomes.Trial registrationThe study was approved by the regional ethical committee in Norway (REK-Midt: 488462) and by the Data Protection Board at Møre and Romsdal County Authority.

Dental caries and adolescent cardiometabolic health from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Background and aimsTo assess the association between dental caries and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Methods and resultsThe analysis included adolescents aged 13–17 years enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018 who completed an Oral Health Examination. Untreated caries was defined as having one or more decayed teeth. Caries experience was assessed by Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) score. Primary cardiometabolic outcomes included elevated BP (defined as BP 120–129/<80 mmHg) and hypertensive BP (defined as BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg). Secondary cardiometabolic outcomes included obesity, dyslipidemia (defined as any abnormal lipid level), glucose intolerance (measured by HOMA-IR), and microalbuminuria (defined as urine albumin: creatinine ≥30 mg/mg). Adjusted linear and logistic models examined associations using complex survey design procedures.In the sample of 2861 adolescents, 25.6 % (1.3 %) had untreated caries. 55.4 % (1.3 %) had DMFT ≥1. In adjusted regression analyses, untreated caries status was not significantly associated with primary outcomes of elevated BP (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI 0.71, 1.52 p > 0.05), hypertensive BP (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI 0.71, 3.89 p > 0.05), nor secondary cardiometabolic outcomes. No statistically significant associations were found between DMFT score and primary outcomes of elevated BP (OR = 0.01, 95 % CI 0.34, 1.07 p > 0.05), hypertensive BP (OR = 0.91, 95 % CI 0.81, 1.08 p > 0.05), or secondary cardiometabolic outcomes. ConclusionAlthough studies in other countries and in adults show associations between caries and cardiometabolic outcomes, this study did not find an association between caries and cardiometabolic markers.

Effect of adiposity status on salivary Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus.

To investigate the effect of adiposity status, salivary physicochemical parameters, and inflammatory biomarkers on the salivary abundance of the two main cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus among Hong Kong adolescents. This study included 180 adolescents aged 12-15 years from Hong Kong local secondary schools. Anthropometric measurements and oral health examinations were performed. Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary physicochemical parameters, protein biomarker levels, and salivary abundance of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, and total bacteria. Adolescents with general overweight/obesity or central obesity had significantly higher salivary Streptococcus mutans abundance and total bacterial load, lower stimulated salivary flow rate, and lower secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA levels than the lean controls. Adolescents with general overweight/obesity (OR = 3.33; 95% CI: 1.28-8.65) and those with central obesity (OR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.02-6.00) had a significantly higher chance of having high salivary abundance of Streptococcus mutans than the lean controls after adjusting for confounders, with a similar detection rate of salivary Streptococcus sobrinus. General overweight or obesity and central obesity were associated with a high salivary abundance of Streptococcus mutans but had no significant effect on salivary Streptococcus sobrinus.

Empowering Communities Through Capacity Building Dental And Oral Health Screening And Counseling In Kedungwinong

The main issue for the elderly is the loss and damage of many teeth, leading to difficulties in chewing food. The most common cause of tooth loss is poor oral health, particularly dental caries and periodontitis. Elderly individuals often neglect oral hygiene and frequently complain of dental issues such as loose teeth, cavities, or swollen gums. The purpose of empowering communities through capacity building was to increase awareness of the importance of maintaining overall health, dental and oral health, and to assess the level of knowledge and the status of dental and oral health among the residents of Kedung Winong. The proposed solution to the problem is to increase residents' awareness of maintaining dental and oral health, enhance their knowledge of proper tooth brushing techniques, promote the habit of brushing teeth at appropriate times, and raise awareness about the importance of regular health check-ups as a preventive measure against chronic diseases. Methods of oral health counseling and examinations was chosen to solve the problems. The counseling and examination activities for the community in the Muhammadiyah and Aisyiyah branches in Kedungwinong, Nguter, Sukoharjo, were successfully implemented, with enthusiastic and cooperative participation. The activities effectively raised awareness about the importance of dental and oral health.

Social Network Size and Severe Tooth Loss among Persons With Diabetes: Findings From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Aims: The aims of this study were to examine the association of social network size with severe tooth loss and the number of missing teeth among Hispanic adults with diabetes in the United States and to assess whether the association varied by glycemic control. Methods: Data obtained from 1,007 adults who participated in the Hispanic Community Health Study were analyzed. Structural social support was measured with the Social Network Index (SNI), which assessed network size and frequency of social contacts. Tooth loss was measured by a count of the number of missing teeth and categorically as severe tooth loss (<9 remaining teeth). Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to examine the sample characteristics. Logistic and negative binomial regression analyses were performed to examine the independent association between SNI and tooth loss and to test whether the association was modified by the glycemic target. Results: The prevalence of severe tooth loss was 5.91%. For each one-unit increase in SNI, the expected log count of the number of missing teeth was reduced by 3.3% (p-value: 0.037). Conclusions: In this study, a larger social network size was associated with fewer missing teeth among Hispanic persons living with diabetes. Further examination of social support and oral health is warranted.

Selfies, narcissism and oral health a cross - sectional study among adolescents and young adults in Mangaluru - India.

Background Selfies have been defined as “a photograph that one has taken of oneself, and are a continuing growing trend among Millennials. Narcissism refers to the personality trait of an extraordinary self-awareness and adoration. Studies have shown a close relationship between selfie-taking behaviour, narcissism and oral health. Hence, a study was conducted with aim of the influence of selfie-taking behavior and narcissism on oral health. Methods An analytical cross-sectional questionnaire study was designed using relevant literature for collating information on sociodemographic characteristics, frequency of dental visits, selfie-taking behavior and perceived oral health. Oral health examination was performed to assess decay and plaque. Narcissism was assessed using The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory Short Form Results The study included a sample of 163 participants. The associations between selfies taken per day and perceived oral health was statistically significant (p value 0.047*). Binary logistic regression models were constructed, which were significant for perceived oral health and grandiose fantasy. Plaque Scores showed significant corelations between indifference, manipulativeness, thrill seeking and age. Step forward binary regression demonstrated a significant odds ratio for grandiose narcissism followed by selfie-taking behavior Conclusion This study revealed a correlation between perceived oral health and selfie-taking behaviour. Further studies are required to assess selfie-taking behaviour and oral health.

Preventative dental practices and cardiometabolic health in adolescents.

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between preventative dental practices and cardiometabolic health in adolescents. Analysis included children aged 13-17 years enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011-2018 who completed an Oral Health Examination and Questionnaire. Deferred dental care was defined as not having a dental visit in the past year. Financial barriers to seeking dental care (vs. no financial barriers) were assessed among those with deferred dental care in the past year. Primary cardiometabolic outcomes included obesity, elevated blood pressure and hypertensive blood pressure. Secondary outcomes included dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, uric acid, glomerular hyperfiltration, and albuminuria. Regression models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, household income, food insecurity, health insurance status, household education, and body mass index z-score examined associations using complex survey design procedures. Of 2,861 adolescents, 17.6% (SE 0.9%) did not receive dental care in the past year and 20.2% (SE 1.9%) had a financial barrier to accessing dental care. In adjusted regression models, adolescents with deferred dental care had higher odds of dyslipidemia (OR= 1.51, 95% CI 1.07, 2.11 p = 0.020). Having a financial barrier was associated with a lower odd of dyslipidemia (OR=0.35, 95% CI 0.14, 0.89 p = 0.03). Financial barriers were associated with lower non-HDL (b=-7.95, 95% CI -14.87, -1.05 p=0.03) and higher HDL (b=3.06, 95% CI 0.37, 5.75 p=0.03) in adjusted models. Deferred dental care and financial barriers were not associated with any other cardiometabolic parameters. In this nationally representative cohort of adolescents, there was an association between lack of preventative dental care and the cardiometabolic health marker of dyslipidemia. However, financial barriers to dental care were surprisingly associated with higher HDL levels and lower odds of dyslipidemia.

Periodontal Health Among Pregnant Women in Sri Lanka: A Cross‐Sectional Study

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe prevalence of periodontal disease among Sri Lankan women in the reproductive age group is considerably high. The present study aimed to assess the oral hygiene status, gingival status, and the associated factors among pregnant women attending community Antenatal Clinics (ANC) in Sri Lanka, against the challenging sociopolitical backdrop.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted among 576 pregnant women attending community ANCs within a specific Medical Officer of Health area in Sri Lanka. The clinics were selected using a two‐stage cluster sampling method with probability proportionate to size technique. Pregnant women were recruited from each clinic using a systematic sampling method. Data was collected with an interviewer‐administered questionnaire and an oral health examination form.ResultsPoor oral hygiene was detected among over 60% of pregnant women. Moderate‐to‐severe gingivitis was seen among 23.3% of them. Nearly 67% of the participants demonstrated limited knowledge of periodontal diseases. Approximately, 67% of them were unemployed, and 32.5% had a monthly income of less than 40,000 Sri Lankan rupees. Regression analysis revealed that the trimester, socioeconomic factors, frequency of dental visits, recency of full mouth scaling, and knowledge of periodontal diseases predicted the oral hygiene status, and age, trimester, frequency of brushing, recency of full mouth scaling, and knowledge of periodontal diseases were significant predictors of gingival health. Particularly, individuals with a lower socioeconomic status experienced both poor oral hygiene and gingival health.ConclusionThe suboptimal oral hygiene and gingival health, limited access to dental care, and inadequate periodontal health knowledge, highlight an urgent need for interventions such as empowering young women through educational and employment initiatives.

Higher haemoglobin levels are associated with impaired periodontal status.

Cellular oxygen sensing mechanisms have been linked to periodontal condition, and levels of haemoglobin (Hb) (the main carrier of oxygen) can be used as a surrogate measure for hypoxia. We aimed to examine relations between Hb levels and key periodontal health parameters in a general population. The population comprised 1711 (47% male) subjects from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, for whom an oral health examination was carried out at 46 years of age and whose Hb levels were within the Finnish reference values. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated using Poisson regression models. The low-Hb tertile (mean Hb 133 g/L) had healthier anthropometric, metabolic and periodontal health parameters than the high-Hb tertile (mean Hb 151 g/L). Multivariable regression models adjusted for risk factors showed Hb levels to be positively associated with alveolar bone loss (ABL) and periodontal pocket depth (PPD), although the associations were weaker after adjustment for key metabolic parameters and were strongly influenced by smoking status. Hb levels within the normal variation are positively associated with PPD and ABL. The association between Hb levels and periodontal condition appeared to be more complex than had previously been anticipated.

High Anticholinergic Burden and Dental Caries: Findings from Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Anticholinergic drugs propose a threat for oral health by causing dry mouth. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether a high anticholinergic burden was associated with the presence of initial caries lesions, manifested caries lesions, dental fillings, or tooth loss among 46-y-old people. The study population consisted of 1,906 participants from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 who underwent an oral health examination in 2012-2013. Socioeconomic and medical data were collected from questionnaires, medical records, and national registers. Nine previously published anticholinergic scales were combined and used to measure the high anticholinergic burden from the participants' medication data. Cariological status was determined according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System, and the number of missing teeth (excluding third molars) was used as an indicator for tooth loss. The decayed, missing, and filled surfaces index was used to depict caries experience. Negative binominal regression models were used to estimate prevalence rate ratios (PRRs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Fourteen percent of the participants (n = 276) used at least 1 anticholinergic drug and about 3% had a high anticholinergic burden (n = 61). After adjusting for confounding factors, participants with a high anticholinergic burden had a higher likelihood of having manifested carious lesions needing restorative treatment (PRR, 1.60; CI, 1.11-2.29) and more missing teeth (PRR, 1.59; CI, 1.13-2.24) when compared to participants without any or with a lower anticholinergic burden. High anticholinergic burden was associated with a present caries experience and with tooth loss among the general middle-aged population. The findings of this study suggest that middle-aged patients with a high anticholinergic burden may have a heightened risk of dental caries. These patients may benefit from targeted caries preventive regimes.

Association Between Age at First Birth and Long-Term Dental Caries Experience Among Women in the United States.

Background: Pregnant women are at a higher risk of caries compared to nonpregnant women, and higher parity is a risk factor for untreated caries and tooth loss. However, it is unknown whether the timing of birth is associated with dental caries experience over time. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-2018. The study population included nonpregnant women 20 years of age or older, who had available data on the oral health examination and age at first birth (AFB). Dental caries experience was defined as the DMFT score (sum of the number of decayed, missing due to caries, and filled permanent teeth). The associations between AFB and DMFT scores were assessed using Poisson regression to compute incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and the associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: This study included 6,553 women (mean age 53.4 years, SD 15.7). The mean DMFT index score was 13.1 ± 7.4, with younger AFB groups generally having higher mean scores. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, time since last dental visit, and reproductive health factors, women with an AFB of <18 years (IRR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.21) or 18-20 years (IRR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.21) had significantly higher DMFT index scores compared to those with an AFB of 30-32 years. Conclusions: This study suggests that younger maternal AFB may be associated with greater dental caries experience. More rigorous studies are necessary to determine how to improve oral health outcomes during pregnancy and postpartum.

Oral health status, oral health behavior, and frailty: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThere is an association between oral health and frailty, implying that tooth loss and periodontal disease increase the risk of frailty. To examine the association between oral health status and behaviors and frailty in individuals aged ≥ 75 years. MethodsA total of 7,927 participants underwent oral health examinations at the ages of 75, 77, and 80 years. The questionnaire for medical checkup of old-old (QMCOO) was used to assess frailty. Modified Poisson regression analysis was performed, with frailty as the dependent variable and family dentist, regular dental checkups, number of teeth, periodontal status, and swallowing function as independent variables. Modified Poisson regression analyses were conducted using the presence or absence of nine QMCOO domains (excluding smoking) as dependent variables. ResultsParticipants with a family dentist, those who underwent regular dental checkups, and those with a greater number of teeth had significantly lower relative risks (RRs) for frailty, with RRs of 0.72 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.59–0.89], 0.70 (95 % CI: 0.63–0.79), and 0.97 (95 % CI: 0.96–0.98), respectively. By contrast, individuals with periodontal pockets ≥ 6 mm and those with reduced swallowing function had significantly higher RRs for frailty [1.17 (95 % CI: 1.01–1.36) and 1.94 (95 % CI: 1.57–2.40), respectively]. Oral health status and behavior were also associated with QMCOO domains. ConclusionOlder individuals with good oral health had a lower likelihood of frailty. Regular oral care provided by a family dentist can reduce some of the negative effects of aging.

Cross-Sectional Associations between Nutrient Intake and Tooth Decay in Older Australian Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project

Poor nutrition is a risk factor for dental decay in younger people. However, except for sugar, it is unclear if this is true in older age groups. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible associations between overall dietary intake of nutrients and diet quality and the presence of dental decay in community-dwelling older men. A cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal study with a standardized validated diet history assessment and comprehensive oral health examination in 520 community-dwelling men (mean age: 84 years) participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Nutrient reference values were used to determine if individual micronutrients and macronutrients were meeting recommendations. Acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs) were attained for fat and carbohydrate intakes and were incorporated into a dichotomous variable to determine if the participants were consuming a high fat-low carbohydrate diet. Diagnosis of coronal caries was based on visual criteria and inspection and was completed on each of the five coronal surfaces. Root surface caries was textual changes across four root surfaces. This diagnosis was used to categorize participants by the presence and severity of coronal and root caries. The adjusted logistic regression showed not meeting the recommended intakes for thiamin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–4.67), and zinc (OR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.71–6.48) were associated with presence of severe root decay. Adjusted analysis also showed that participants who were outside the recommended AMDR for fat (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38–0.98) and those who consumed a high fat and low carbohydrate diet (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.91) were less likely to have coronal tooth decay. Our study shows associations between micronutrients and macronutrients and coronal and root surface decay. Although this study cannot prescribe causality or be generalized to all older adults, diet has a possible association with dental decay in older men.

Current Status and Family Factors Influencing Caries in the Deciduous Teeth of Children 3-6 Years of Age in Families Residing in Rural Heishanzui Township.

To determine the caries status in children's deciduous teeth and examine the influence of family oral health behaviours on the caries status. This cross-sectional study included 329 children aged 3-6 years in rural Heishanzui Township, Hebei Province, China, and used a completely random sampling method. These children underwent physical and oral health examinations. The questionnaires were given to the parents and caregivers of the examined children. The prevalence of caries in the deciduous dentition among children aged 3-6 years was 80.55%, with a dmft index of 4.93. Children in the caries group ate sweets, chocolates, and carbonated drinks more frequently than did children in the caries-free group (p < 0.05). Children in the caries-free group brushed their teeth more frequently, with parents helping their children brush, more often than did those in the caries-affected group (p < 0.05). The level of parental education and annual household income also had statistically significant effects on the prevalence of caries in the two groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the frequency of eating sweets was a risk factor for caries in deciduous teeth (odds ratio = 2.20; p < 0.05). The prevalence of caries in deciduous teeth among children aged 3-6 years in rural Heishanzui Township was high. Compared to children in the caries-affected group, the families and children in the caries-free group had better oral hygiene behaviours. Moreover, the frequency of eating sweets was shown to be a risk factor for caries in deciduous teeth in children aged 3-6 years.

Dental caries status and related factors among 5-year-old children in Shanghai.

Dental caries in young children is a difficult global oral health problem. In the last decade, China has put a great deal of effort into reducing the prevalence of dental caries. This study, which is part of the China Population Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance 2021, aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental caries among children aged 5 in Shanghai, China, and its associated factors. A total of 1281 children aged 5 years from 6 districts in Shanghai were selected by a stratified sampling method. The survey consisted of an oral health questionnaire and an oral health examination. The questionnaire included questions on oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours. The oral health examination used WHO standards. After screening, the data were input and analysed. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were used to study the relevant factors affecting dental caries. The prevalence of dental caries among 1281 children was 51.0%, the dmft index score was 2.46, the Significant Caries Index (SiC) score was 6.39, and the SiC10 score was 10.35. Dental caries experience was related to the frequency of sweet drink consumption, the age of starting tooth brushing, eating habits after brushing, whether the children had received an oral examination provided by the government (p < 0.05), and the mother's education level but was not related to sex, the use of fluoride toothpaste, the frequency of brushing, whether the parents assisted brushing, or the frequency of flossing (p > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the region of residence, eating after brushing and the age of starting brushing were associated with dental caries. Dental caries remained prevalent among 5-year-old children in Shanghai, China. Prevention strategies that target the associated factors including region of residence, eating after brushing, and the age of starting brushing should be considered.

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Dan Tindakan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Terhadap Indeks Gingiva Mahasiswa Fkg Universitas Jember Angkatan 2020

DentaI and oraI heaIth of the lndonesian peopIe requires attention from health workers, because dentaI and oraI diseases are in the top ten most common diseases. Gingivitis is one of the most common dentaI and oraI diseases. One of the factors that affect dentaI and oraI heaIth is the level of knowIedge, attitudes and actions of a person to maintain dental and oral health. Knowing the reIationship of knowIedge, attitudes, and actions of dentaI and oraI heaIth on the gingival index of FKG University Jember students batch 2020. analytic observationaI research with cross sectional design. The number of samples is 60 students. Collecting data using a questionnaire regarding oral health behavior and examination of the severity of gingivitis using the gingival index. The data obtained were tabuIated and anaIyzed using the Spearman correlation test. As many as 95% of respondents have good knowledge category, 90% of respondents have good attitude category, 83.33% of respondents have good category of action, and 63.33% of respondents have healthy gingiva. The results of the Spearman correIation test showed that the significance value between variables was Iess than 0.05 (p&lt;0.05), meaning that there was a significant reIationship between knowledge, attitudes, and oraI heaIth practices with the gingival index. There is a significant reIationship between knowIedge, attitudes, and dentaI and oral heaIth actions with the gingival index of FKG University Jember students batch 2020.