Abstract Chronic endometritis is an inflammation of the endometrium characterized by the presence of plasma cells. Plasma cells can be identified on H&E and CD138 immunohistochemical staining by their characteristic appearance. There is a large body of evidence supporting the association between chronic endometritis and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), with a prevalence of approximately 30% among women with RPL (McQueen 2021). A limitation of the current literature, however, is heterogeneity of diagnostic criteria utilized and there is no consensus on the exact definition or number of plasma cells required. The treatment of chronic endometritis is oral antibiotic therapy and removal of any associated uterine pathology such as retained pregnancy tissue. Studies show that a single course of antibiotics has a cure rate of 60-94% when endometrial biopsies are repeated following treatment (Johnson 2010, McQueen 2014). Following antibiotic treatment, if resolution of chronic endometritis confirmed, women with RPL have improved live birth rates (Kimura 2019; Pirtea 2021).