Optimization Of Microspheres Research Articles

Optimization of microspheres containing virgin coconut oil and hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil as antimicrobial.

ABSTRACTVirgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with potential fatty acid content has a strong antibacterial effect for drug and cosmetics. VCO was hydrolyzed as hydrolyzed VCO (HVCO) to increase its activity. This study aims to optimize VCO and HVCO microspheres. Examination was included fatty acid content, density, and organoleptic. VCO and HVCO microspheres were characterized by yield, moisture content (MC), morphology, and size. Fatty acid content was done through gas chromatography mass spectrometry whereas for microspheres, effect of alginate concentration (1%–2%), and addition of poly ethylene glycol (PEG) were studied. VCO and HVCO microspheres formulas showed that an increase in polymer concentration, increasing yield, and improving MC. The most optimal 2% alginate with the addition of PEG increased yield up to 59% and reduced size. F4 microspheres resulted the highest yield, low MC, and high fatty acids. Morphology was spherical and smooth with small size. Optimization of HVCO microspheres showed its potential which recommend for antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Development and evaluation of ketoprofen loaded floating microspheres for sustained delivery

Present study was designed with the objective of formulating floating microspheres of ketoprofen for sustaining the drug release. Ketoprofen is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor widely employed for treating arthritis. It has a bitter taste and off taste and also irritates the gastric mucosa. Its half-life is only 1–2 hrs. Floating microspheres of ketoprofen would help prevent gastric irritation, mask the taste of the drug and decrease the dosing frequency. Formulation and optimization of microsphere was done by employing sodium alginate and chitosan as the polymer by application of ionotropic gelation method and assessed for various properties. The outcome of optimization shows a smooth surface and narrow size distribution. The DSC and FTIR analysis indicated that the polymer was not incompatible with the drug. After 8 h, 92.74 % of the medicament was released in vitro. Based on the findings of this study, Chitosan and Sodium alginate -loaded microspheres of ketoprofen may be fruitfully used to develop floating sustained delivery systems. The formulation, MF7 was found to be a promising formulation, based on its percentage yield, percentage buoyancy, and floating lag time and other evaluated parameters. The prepared floating microspheres are suitable for sustained drug delivery of ketoprofen, and adapted well for different intragastric conditions. The ionic gelation method proved to be a suitable method for fabricating ketoprofen microspheres for sustained drug delivery, thereby achieving the objective of the study.

Optimization of microsphere’s DQ product based on resonant micro-optical gyro

Based on the development of high sensitivity, low cost, high integration and miniaturization demand of the resonant micro-optical gyro(R-MOG), and in order to achieve a resonant micro-optical-mechano-electrical integrative gyro having high sensitivity, a microsphere optical resonator key sensitive element for producting a cavity with high quality value (Q value) and large diameter in the field of integrated optical micro resonator is proposed, for making a resonant micro optical gyro. Microsphere optical resonator is made by means of water-hydrogen flame melting, and the SiO2 microspherical cavity is formed under the natural cooling and contraction surface tension. Microsphere optical resonator with its diameter D ranging from 300 μm to 2200 μm is fabricated by melting method with hydrogen flame as a heat source through controlling the hydrogen flame’s area by regulating the flow of hydrogen gas. The resonator serves as the key unit of the resonant optical gyro sensitive parts, its Q value and diameter D have direct effect on the performance of the resonant angular velocity sensor. Affect parameters on the performance of the microsphere optical resonator with different diameters is tested and processed to obtain the result. The corresponding relationship among Q value, DQ product, resonant micro-optical gyro’s sensitivity and microspherical cavity diameter D is analyzed, and the reason for them is given. With the increase of microspherical cavity diameter D, the Q value and DQ product reduce after rising first, while the gyro sensitivity goes to rise and fall. Based on the microsphere optical resonator DQ product optimization research, the resonant micro-optical gyro’s key sensitive unit with best parameters is obtained. When the microspherical cavity diameter D varies from 600 to 200 μm, the gyro sensitivity can meet the condition that δΩ D is 1260 μm, the Q value of microsphere optical resonator is 7.18×107 and the corresponding optimal limited sensitivity of the resonant micro-optical gyro is almost 10°/h, and this result adequately meets the requirement of business level gyro applications. This work can serve as an experimental foundation in the research of new type resonant micro optical gyro at chip level, high accuracy and low cost, and will also provide a technical reference for further study of high integrated and high precision resonant micro optical gyro.