Optimal Sizing Of Shunt Capacitors Research Articles

Optimal sizing and placement of shunt capacitors on the distribution system using Whale Optimization Algorithm

This paper aims at power loss minimization and reduction of cost due to losses in the distribution network as well as improvement of the network voltage stability and profile via optimal shunt capacitor allocation. The optimal shunt capacitor allocation was obtained using Whale Optimization Algorithm considering technical (real power loss and VSI) and economic objective functions as sub-optimal allocation may result in undesired effects on the network. The obtained optimal sizes of the shunt capacitors were placed on the obtained location of the distribution networks to ascertain the behavior of the networks before and after their placements taking power loss, cost due to losses, and voltage stability index as the performance metrics. A comparison of these performance metrics under four cases, namely base case (case one), installation of one SC (case two), installation of two SCs (case three), and installation of three SCs (case four) were demonstrated using standard IEEE 33-bus and Dada 46-bus distribution networks. The results gave a percentage loss reduction of 33.74% with 27.60% annual net saving for the IEEE 33-bus network and 22.24% loss reduction with 25.60% annual net saving for the Dada 46-bus network. Hence, reduction in the total power losses and costs. Also, the voltage profile and voltage stability index were significantly improved.

Optimal Location and Sizing of Shunt Capacitors with Distributed Generation in Distribution Systems

This paper proposes a novel approach to determine an optimal location and sizing of shunt capacitors for reactive power compensation in distribution systems with distributed generation. Here, the optimal location for installing the shunt capacitors is determined using the loss sensitivity factor approach. The stochastic nature of distributed generation (i.e., wind and solar PV powers) has been considered in this paper. Optimal sizing of shunt capacitors has been determined by considering the power loss minimization as objective function and this problem is solved using the differential evolution algorithm (DEA). The results obtained with DEA are also compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. The effectiveness of this proposed approach has been simulated on the IEEE 15, 33, 69 and 85 bus test systems.

A Review of Cuckoo Search Algorithm Based Optimal Siting and Sizing of Shunt Capacitors in Radial Distribution Systems

Compensating reactive power deficiency on power grids is a central concern in the distribution of energy management systems. Several approaches have been adopted over time to minimize the total real power loss and enhancing bus voltage profile. Shunt capacitor has been used from time immemorial for addressing issue of reactive power compensation at the distribution end of power systems, and the extent of benefits derivable from its usage depend solely on correct siting and sizing. To this effect, meta-heuristic algorithms are promising optimization tools for achieving these objectives. This paper, therefore, presents a comprehensive review of cuckoo search algorithm based on optimal siting and sizing of shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems. The suitability, in addition to strengths and weakness of each approaches reported in the reviewed articles have been painstakingly x-rayed. Based on the review, it was observed that a two-stage approach is always adopted in the compensation process: the pre-selection of potential or sensitive nodes and the optimal sizing of shunt capacitors needed for the compensation. For the pre-location, Voltage Stability Index and Loss Sensitivity Factor were found to be comparatively less complex and highly suitable techniques. Another cogent discovery from this review is that less attention has been drawn to the use of cuckoo search algorithm by Nigerian researchers. Therefore, regarding Nigerian electric grid system, the use of cuckoo search algorithm in reactive power support presents a research gap for further investigations.

Optimal integration of shunt capacitor banks in distribution networks for assessment of techno-economic asset

This article presents optimal incorporation of shunt capacitor banks in distribution feeders for the purpose of reduction of power loss, total annual expenses and voltage deviations. Additionally, it improves the voltage level, power factor and voltage stability of the network. To attain these proposed goals, a new multi-objective function has been formulated subjected to some operating constraints. This problem has been solved through Modified Gbest-guided Artificial Bee Colony (MGABC) meta-heuristic optimization technique. This proposed methodology is divided into two parts. In first part, the sensitivity buses are determined using Loss Sensitivity Factor (LSF) approach. In second, the optimization algorithm identifies the optimal buses from derived sensitive buses along with optimal size of shunt capacitors. This proposed methodology is implemented on standard 34-bus and 118-bus distribution feeders. In addition, the achieved numerical outcomes have been compared to the various intelligent approaches for showing the viability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

PSO Embedded Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Optimal Shunt Capacitor Allocation and Sizing in Radial Distribution Networks with Voltage Dependent Load Models

This paper attempts to reduce power loss in radial distribution network and facilitates improvement in bus voltage profile by determining optimal locations and optimal sized shunt capacitors. Particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is embedded with Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC) to balance exploration and exploitation ability to improve the solution accuracy and the convergence rate of the ABC algorithm as Particle-ABC (PABC) algorithm. In the first formulation, the capacitor placement is based on loss sensitivity factors (LSF) and thereafter decides on the optimal rating of capacitors through the use of proposed hybrid algorithm (PABC).The second approach encircles the role of PABC algorithm to search for the optimal candidate nodes within the nodes nominated by LSF and the optimal sizing of shunt capacitors simultaneously in the pursuit of enhancing the performance of radial distribution network with the former approach. The procedure travels to examine the robustness of the strategy on 41 and 69 nodes test systems with different load models at different load conditions and the simulation results are compared with the heuristic techniques existing in the literature. The simulation results reveal the efficiency and robustness of the PABC to find the optimal solution for capacitor placement problem.

Optimal Sizing of Shunt Capacitors and its Placement in Unbalanced Radial Distribution Network for Power Loss Reduction Using Evolutionary Programming

Optimal Sizing of Shunt Capacitors and its Placement in Unbalanced Radial Distribution Network for Power Loss Reduction Using Evolutionary Programming

VAR compensation by sequential quadratic programming

This paper presents an application of the sequential quadratic programming method to find the optimal sizing of shunt capacitors and/or passive filters for maximizing the net present value resulting from energy-loss reduction while taking investment cost into account and complying with the IEEE-519 standard. The proposed methodology allows the simultaneous solving for fixed and switched volt ampere reactive (VAr) compensators by considering a characteristic load variation curve for each linear and nonlinear load.