Opposite-sign Lepton Pair Research Articles

Search for the Z′ boson decaying to a right-handed neutrino pair in leptophobic U(1) models

The $U(1)$ extensions of the Standard Model contain a heavy neutral gauge boson ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. If leptophobic, the boson can evade the stringent bounds from the dilepton resonance searches. We consider two theoretically well-motivated examples of leptophobic $U(1)$ extensions in which the ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ decays to right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) with substantial branchings. The coexistence of a leptophobic ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and the RHNs opens up a new possibility of searching for these particles simultaneously through the production of a ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ at the LHC and its decay to a RHN pair. For this decay to occur, the RHNs need to be lighter than the ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. Hence, we study this process in an inverse seesaw setup where the RHNs can be in the TeV range. However, in this case, they have a pseudo-Dirac nature, i.e., a RHN pair would produce only opposite-sign lepton pairs, as opposed to the Majorana-type neutrinos, which can produce both same- and opposite-sign lepton pairs. Hence, the final state we study has a same-flavor opposite-sign lepton pair plus hadronically decaying boosted $W$ bosons. Our analysis shows that the high luminosity LHC can discover a TeV-scale leptophobic ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ decaying via a RHN pair in a wide range of available parameters. Interestingly, large parameter regions beyond the reach of future dijet-resonance searches can be probed exclusively through our channel.

Measurement of the t overline{t} t overline{t} production cross section in pp collisions at sqrt{s} = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of four-top-quark production using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 is presented. Events are selected if they contain a single lepton (electron or muon) or an opposite-sign lepton pair, in association with multiple jets. The events are categorised according to the number of jets and how likely these are to contain b-hadrons. A multivariate technique is then used to discriminate between signal and background events. The measured four-top-quark production cross section is found to be {26}_{-15}^{+17} fb, with a corresponding observed (expected) significance of 1.9 (1.0) standard deviations over the background-only hypothesis. The result is combined with the previous measurement performed by the ATLAS Collaboration in the multilepton final state. The combined four-top-quark production cross section is measured to be {24}_{-6}^{+7} fb, with a corresponding observed (expected) signal significance of 4.7 (2.6) standard deviations over the background-only predictions. It is consistent within 2.0 standard deviations with the Standard Model expectation of 12.0 ± 2.4 fb.

Evidence for the production of three massive vector bosons with the ATLAS detector

A search for the production of three massive vector bosons in proton–proton collisions is performed using data at s=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in the years 2015–2017, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 79.8 fb−1. Events with two same-sign leptons ℓ (electrons or muons) and at least two reconstructed jets are selected to search for WWW→ℓνℓνqq. Events with three leptons without any same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pairs are used to search for WWW→ℓνℓνℓν, while events with three leptons and at least one same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair and one or more reconstructed jets are used to search for WWZ→ℓνqqℓℓ. Finally, events with four leptons are analysed to search for WWZ→ℓνℓνℓℓ and WZZ→qqℓℓℓℓ. Evidence for the joint production of three massive vector bosons is observed with a significance of 4.1 standard deviations, where the expectation is 3.1 standard deviations.

Measurement of the four-lepton invariant mass spectrum in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the four-lepton invariant mass spectrum is made with the ATLAS detector, using an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 13 TeV delivered by the Large Hadron Collider. The differential cross-section is measured for events containing two same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pairs. It exhibits a rich structure, with different mass regions dominated in the Standard Model by single Z boson production, Higgs boson production, and Z boson pair production, and non-negligible interference effects at high invariant masses. The measurement is compared with state-of-the-art Standard Model calculations, which are found to be consistent with the data. These calculations are used to interpret the data in terms of gg → ZZ → 4ℓ and Z → 4ℓ subprocesses, and to place constraints on a possible contribution from physics beyond the Standard Model.

Search for new phenomena in events containing a same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pair, jets, and large missing transverse momentum in varvec{sqrt{s}=13}\xa0text {TeV}varvec{pp} collisions with the ATLAS detector

Two searches for new phenomena in final states containing a same-flavour opposite-sign lepton (electron or muon) pair, jets, and large missing transverse momentum are presented. These searches make use of proton–proton collision data, collected during 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt{s}=13 text {TeV} by the ATLAS detector at the large hadron collider, which correspond to an integrated luminosity of 14.7~mathrm {fb}^{-1}. Both searches target the pair production of supersymmetric particles, squarks or gluinos, which decay to final states containing a same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair via one of two mechanisms: a leptonically decaying Z boson in the final state, leading to a peak in the dilepton invariant-mass distribution around the Z boson mass; and decays of neutralinos (e.g. tilde{chi }_2^0 rightarrow ell ^+ell ^- tilde{chi }_1^0), yielding a kinematic endpoint in the dilepton invariant-mass spectrum. The data are found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectation. Results are interpreted in simplified models of gluino-pair (squark-pair) production, and provide sensitivity to gluinos (squarks) with masses as large as 1.70 text {TeV} (980 text {GeV}).

Differential Z + jet cross section measurements at 8 TeV

The measurement of differential cross section of a Z boson produced in association with jets is presented. The cross section is presented with respect to various jet kinematic variables where the Z bosons are reconstructed from opposite sign lepton pairs. The analysis is based on data of proton proton collisions with the centre of mass energy of 8 TeV collected in 2012 by the CMS experiment at LHC corresponding to 19.8 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. Obtained results are compared with different generators and are shown to be consistent with the Standard Model predictions.

Z-peaked excess in goldstini scenarios

We study a possible explanation of a 3.0 σ excess recently reported by the ATLAS Collaboration in events with Z-peaked same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair, jets and large missing transverse momentum in the context of gauge-mediated SUSY breaking with more than one hidden sector, the so-called goldstini scenario. In a certain parameter space, the gluino two-body decay chain g˜→gχ˜1,20→gZG˜′ becomes dominant, where χ˜1,20 and G˜′ are the Higgsino-like neutralino and the massive pseudo-goldstino, respectively, and gluino pair production can contribute to the signal. We find that a mass spectrum such as mg˜∼1000 GeV, mχ˜1,20∼800 GeV and mG˜′∼600 GeV demonstrates the rate and the distributions of the excess, without conflicting with the stringent constraints from jets plus missing energy analyses and with the CMS constraint on the identical final state.

Search for supersymmetry in events containing a same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pair, jets, and large missing transverse momentum in [Formula: see text]TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector.

Two searches for supersymmetric particles in final states containing a same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair, jets and large missing transverse momentum are presented. The proton–proton collision data used in these searches were collected at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt{s}=8 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb^{-1}. Two leptonic production mechanisms are considered: decays of squarks and gluinos with Z bosons in the final state, resulting in a peak in the dilepton invariant mass distribution around the Z-boson mass; and decays of neutralinos (e.g. tilde{chi }^{0}_{2} rightarrow ell ^{+}ell ^{-}tilde{chi }^{0}_{1}), resulting in a kinematic endpoint in the dilepton invariant mass distribution. For the former, an excess of events above the expected Standard Model background is observed, with a significance of three standard deviations. In the latter case, the data are well-described by the expected Standard Model background. The results from each channel are interpreted in the context of several supersymmetric models involving the production of squarks and gluinos.

Search for electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos using leptonic final states in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV

Abstract The 2011 dataset of the CMS experiment, consisting of an integrated luminosity of 4.98 fb−1 of pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV, enables expanded searches for direct electroweak pair production of charginos and neutralinos in supersymmetric models as well as their analogs in other models of new physics. Searches sensitive to such processes, with decays to final states that contain two or more leptons, are presented. Final states with three leptons, with a same-sign lepton pair, and with an opposite-sign lepton pair in conjunction with two jets, are examined. No excesses above the standard model expectations are observed. The results are used in conjunction with previous results on four-lepton final states to exclude a range of chargino and neutralino masses from approximately 200 to 500 GeV in the context of models that assume large branching fractions of charginos and neutralinos to leptons and vector bosons.

Measurement of the average time-integrated mixing probability ofb-flavored hadrons produced at the Fermilab Tevatron

We have measured the number of like-sign (LS) and opposite-sign (OS) lepton pairs arising from double semileptonic decays of $b$ and $\bar{b}$-hadrons, pair-produced at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The data samples were collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) during the 1992-1995 collider run by triggering on the existence of $\mu \mu$ and $e \mu$ candidates in an event. The observed ratio of LS to OS dileptons leads to a measurement of the average time-integrated mixing probability of all produced $b$-flavored hadrons which decay weakly, $\bar{\chi} = 0.152 \pm 0.007$ (stat.) $\pm 0.011$ (syst.), that is significantly larger than the world average $\bar{\chi} = 0.118 \pm 0.005$.

Nuclear gluon shadowing via dileptons from open charm decay in p + A at [formula omitted

Opposite-sign lepton pairs ( ee, eμ and μμ) from open charm decay are proposed as a measure of nuclear shadowing effects. Via an approximate scaling the ratio of the dilepton spectra from p + A to those from pp reflects the shadowing function well. We show that the required measurements are feasible at the Relativistic Heavy ion Collider (RHIC) by considering the backgrounds according to the proposed PHENIX detector geometry.