Operational Assessment Research Articles

Pemilihan Operator Terbaik Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching


 
 
 
 Kemajuan sebuah perusahaan sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas sumber daya manusia, salah satunya adalah operator yang bekerja dan mengabdi di dalam perusahaan. Untuk dapat mewujudkan suatu keberhasilan dalam sebuah perusahaan tentunya operator harus memiliki kinerja yang baik dan berkualitas. Permasalahan pengolahan data pada PT. Panggilan Burung Kutilang untuk penilaian operator terbaik yang dilakukan secara manual adalah dapat menyebabkan hasil penilaian operator yang diperoleh bersifat subjektif. Penilaian yang subjektif dianggap tidak akurat dan tidak tepat karena penilaian yang dilakukan pada umumnya mendapatkan hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan duga-duga, sesuai perasaan atau selera manusia itu sendiri tanpa menilai berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria tertentu. Ada beberapa kriteria penilaian dalam pemilihan operator terbaik yang bisa dilihat dari dua aspek, yaitu: Aspek pertama adalah aspek kinerja meliputi prosedur kerja, kehadiran dan kemampuan. Aspek kedua adalah aspek sikap kerja meliputi kesopanan, kedisplinan, kejujuran dan kerjasama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu perusahaan dalam menentukan operator terbaik pada perusahaan dengan melakukan penilaian yang tidak subjektif dan menghasilkan penilaian yang tepat dan akurat. Dalam melakukan pemilihan operator terbaik salah satunya dapat menggunakan metode Profile Matching, metode ini dapat menjadi solusi agar pemilihan operator lebih tepat dan akurat dengan penilaian yang baik dan proses pengambilan keputusan yang cepat dan tepat. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode profile matching dalam pemilihan operator terbaik adalah operator terbaik berdasarkan hasil akhir perangkingan dengan memperoleh nilai rata-rata tertinggi yaitu 4,7.
 
 
 

Subjective hearing sensation of process variations at a milling machine. How reliable will chatter marks be detected?

Intuition enables experienced machine operators to detect production errors and to identify their specific sources. A prominent example in machining are chatter marks caused by machining vibrations. The operator's assessment, if the process runs stable or not, is not exclusively based on technical parameters such as rotation frequency, tool diameter, or the number of teeth. Because the human ear is a powerful feature extraction and classification device, this study investigates to what degree the hearing sensation influences the operators decision making. A steel machining process with a design of experiments (DOE)-based variation of process parameters was conducted on a milling machine. Microphone and acceleration sensors recorded machining vibrations and machine operators documented their hearing sensation via survey sheet. In order to obtain the optimal dataset for calculating various psychoacoustic characteristics, a principle component analysis was conducted. The subsequent correlation analysis of all sensor data and the operator information suggest that psychoacoustic characteristics such as tonality and loudness are very good indicators of the process quality perceived by the operator. The results support the application of psychoacoustic technology for machine and process monitoring.

Prophylactic use of tranexamic acid for prevention of bleeding during transbronchial lung biopsies - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BackgroundAlthough massive bleeding following transbronchial lung biopsies (TBLB) is rare, even minor hemorrhage may prolong the procedure and result in inadequate sampling. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent, which reduces bleeding in numerous scenarios, however, its prophylactic use in mitigating post-TBLB bleeding has not been investigated. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine whether topical infusion of TXA prior to TBLB would reduce bleeding, shorten procedure duration and increase the number of biopsies obtained. MethodsWe blindly randomized patients undergoing TBLB to receive topical TXA or placebo in the lobar bronchus prior to biopsies. Vital signs, procedure length, fluid balance (as a measure of the amount of bleeding), operator's assessment of bleeding, and number of biopsies obtained were measured. Data was analyzed using the two-tailed Student's T-Test, Chi-square or Mann-Whitney tests as appropriate. ResultsFifty patients were randomized, 26 to the TXA arm. The bleeding in the TXA group was significantly lower (P = 0.0037), with more specimens being obtained (placebo 7 (6, 9) (median and interquartile range) vs. TXA 9 (8, 10), P = 0.023) and no difference in procedure length (placebo 30 min (29.3, 34.3) vs. TXA 30 (24.8, 36), P = 0.90). There were no clinically significant adverse events in any of the groups up to one month of follow up. ConclusionEndobronchial installation of TXA prior to obtaining TBLB results in less bleeding and allows more biopsies to be obtained with no additional adverse events. The prophylactic use of TXA during TBLB may be considered as standard.

Automated defect classification of SS304 TIG welding process using visible spectrum camera and machine learning

Tungsten Inert Gas welding is dependent on human supervision, it has an emphasis on visual assessment, and it is performed in a controlled environment, making it suitable for automation. This study designs a system for assessing the tungsten inert gas welding quality with the potential of application in real-time. The system uses images in the visible spectrum paired with the state-of-the-art approach for image classification. The welding images represent the weld pool in visible spectra balanced using high dynamic range technology to offset the powerful arc light. The study trains models on a new tungsten inert gas welding dataset, leveraging the state-of-the-art machine learning research, establishing a correlation between the aspect of the weld pool and surrounding area and the weld quality, similar to an operator's assessment.

A study of change in occlusal contacts and force dynamics after fixed prosthetic treatment and after equilibration - Using Tekscan III.

Aim:A study has been undertaken to evaluate the changes in occlusal force dynamics after conventional prosthetic rehabilitation.Materials and Methods:In Phase I, the preprosthetic phase, force distribution of 50% ± 10% on either sides of arch in maximum intercuspation and disclusion time (DT) <1 s during mandibular excursions was attained in all patients using Tekscan before starting prosthetic treatment. Conventional procedures to replace missing tooth by fixed dental prosthesis were carried out. Occlusal corrections were performed using articulating paper to the satisfaction of operator and patient. In Phase II, postprosthetic phase, 1 week after cementation of the fixed partial dentures, the occlusal force dynamics were rerecorded and evaluated using Tekscan. Any corrections required were done to restore the equilibrium. Occlusal perception of patient before and after equilibration was recorded by means of a standard questionnaire both in pre- and postprosthetic phase. Twenty patients requiring replacement of a single posterior missing tooth were selected. The obtained values were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test.Results:Subsequent to rehabilitation, the right–left balance of occlusal load was lost and DT was significantly increased. However, the subjective evaluation revealed no significant decline in occlusal comfort.Conclusion:Null hypothesis was rejected. Operator's assessment of articulating paper marks and patient's occlusal perception is not reliable in restoring occlusal equilibrium.

Infrastructure aging risk assessment for water distribution systems

Abstract Metropolitan governments and water operators are continuously facing the ever-growing challenges of evaluating the risks and optimizing investment in the rehabilitation of the buried aging infrastructure of water distribution systems (WDS). Proper asset management and efficient rehabilitation planning require monitoring, condition assessment, degradation risk analysis and a data-based model for degradation forecasting to support investment decision-making and significantly reduce the infrastructure rehabilitation cost. This paper presents a statistical and stochastic spatial data analysis of failure records of the WDS of the City of Wattrelos, France. The research objective is to develop and demo-illustrate the application of an operator's experience-based Risk Assessment Method (RAM) for network micro-zone prioritization of rehabilitation/replacement works to optimize preemptive asset management. The data used is a 74-year historical dataset from Wattrelos, France. The database includes approximately 424 observed failures for the period of 1991–2004. The data analysis demonstrates that understanding and using stochastic modeling to characterize the pattern of relationship between Failure Rate (FR), Age (T) and the Probability (or Risk) of exceeding a specific Failure Rate (Pr(FR)) of a micro-zone can effectively support the operator's assessment, risk management and prioritization in the maintenance and rehabilitation of the WDS.

Evaluation of different impression techniques for indirect E-max fixed dental prostheses. Randomized clinical trial

Background: Assessment of optical in comparison to traditional impressions is needed. The goal of this research is evaluating optical and traditional impressions regarding time, participant, and operators' preference. Materials and Methods: One optical and two traditional impressions were made in ten participants randomly. Optical scanner used is Omnicam of Cerec; traditional impression used closed mouth tray and other used one-step traditional tray. Time taking impression and occlusal relationship registration were evaluated. Participants and operators feeling about easiness of procedure were evaluated using visual analog scales. Paired t-test was applied detecting differences. Results: Mean time ± standard deviation was 336 ± 9.4 s using traditional closed mouth technique, 557 ± 8.2 for single step, and 397 ± 8.6 s for Omnicam. Timing of closed mouth technique was significantly lower than single-step and optical impression. Participant's assessment (very uncomfortable = 0 and comfortable = 100) measured 68 ± 9.7 for closed mouth, 79 ± 9.4 for optical, and 59 ± 9.7 for the single-step technique. There was statistical significance between differences except between closed mouth and single-step techniques; differences between them were not significant. Operators assessment (simple = 0 and very difficult = 100) was 21 ± 9.5 for closed mouth, 62 ± 9.2 for optical, and 46 ± 11.2 for single-step technique. There was statistical significance between the differences. Conclusions: Closed mouth took less time than optical and the single-step technique. Regarding comfort of participant, optical impression was the best. Operator's assessment favored optical impressions most as being the easiest.

Battlefield tracheal intubation training using virtual simulation: a multi center operational assessment of video laryngoscope technology.

Airway management is an essential skill in providing care in trauma situations. The video laryngoscope is a tool which offers improvement in teaching airway management skills and in managing airways of trauma patients on the far forward battlefield. An Operational Assessment (OA) of videolaryngoscope technology for medical training and airway management was conducted by the Center for Advanced Technology and Telemedicine (at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE) for the US Air Force Modernization Command to validate this technology in the provision of Out of OR airway management and airway management training in military simulation centers. The value for both the training and performance of intubations was highly rated and the majority of respondents indicated interest in having a video laryngoscope in their facility.

Predicting growth rate of wall thinning for severely degraded SG tubes using a statistical methodology

Based on the requirements of TSTF-449 or NEI 97-06, operational assessment (OA) should be performed to guarantee the steam generator (SG) tube integrity. OA is a forward looking evaluation of the SG tube conditions. One of main evaluations for the OA is to estimate the growth rate of tube degradation prior to the next SG tube inspection. Therefore, the majority of this paper is to predict the growth rate of wall thinning for the SG tubes by way of a statistical methodology. The wall thinning of degraded SG tubes predicted by the present model agrees well with the plant measured one. The relative errors between the predictions and measurements are less than 10%. In addition, the present model would over-predict the wall thinning in most cases, revealing that this methodology could provide a useful and conservative tool for the PWR plant staff to execute the OA for SG tubes.

A randomized prospective trial of rigid and flexible hysteroscopy in an outpatient setting

ABSTRACTObjective To compare flexible and rigid hysteroscopy in an outpatient hysteroscopy clinic.Design A randomized, single‐blinded prospective study.Setting A one‐stop, outpatient hysteroscopy clinic in a district general hospital.Subjects 96 women referred to the clinic with abnormal uterine bleeding.Main outcome measures Patient pain scores, local anaesthetic usage, need for cervical dilation, quality of view, correlation of clinical and histological findings, duration of procedure, operator's assessment of the ease of the procedure.Results Data from 83 women were analysed; three declined to enter the study, one failed to complete the pain scores and nine also had an operative hysteroscopy. Immediate median pain scores were statistically lower in the flexible hysteroscopy group, 1.2 vs. 3.6 (P = 0.001). The difference persisted 30 min after the procedure (0.4 vs. 1.1, P = 0.031). Pain experienced with endometrial biopsy was similar in the two groups (2.5 vs. 3.0, P = 0.16). There were no statistical differences between the two study arms with regard to procedure duration, quality of view, need for cervical dilation, anaesthetic usage or operator assessment of the ease of the procedure. There was agreement in clinical and histological diagnoses in all cases. The operators’ assessment of patients’ pain level correlated highly with patient pain scores. There were no statistically significant differences in any end‐point between the two operators.Conclusion Flexible hysteroscopy is associated with lower levels of patient discomfort than rigid hysteroscopy. Other study variables were comparable for the two types of hysteroscopy.

Feasibility of computer-assisted recognition of different dental hard tissues.

For pattern recognition, fuzzy set theory has been proven to be highly useful. The aim of the present investigation was to combine the fuzzy set with an ultrasonic scaler, to test its suitability for automatic detection of different tooth substances. An experienced operator placed the tip of a piezoceramic ultrasonic scaler on a tooth, thereby inducing oscillations in the contact area around the ultrasonic tip. Each surface showed a characteristic oscillatory behavior in the immediate vicinity of the tip. The oscillations were then re-transmitted to the scaler tip and recorded by the measurement of variations in current and voltage. Because the ultrasonic scaler is driven by piezoceramics, it can be used as both an oscillatory excitation and a sensor system. The data were processed with Fast Fourier transformation and analyzed by means of a fuzzy pattern recognition algorithm. Re-classification of the different measurements was carried out by the experienced operator's assessment. With a combination of six features (frequencies), re-classification was correct for 99% of all surfaces. The diagnostic reliability of the system was tested by the assessment of 50 teeth for which no learning data had previously been recorded. The unknown samples were correctly classified to 100%. The excellent results of these experiments suggest promising possibilities for the implementation of new diagnostic and therapeutic instruments in periodontology practice.

Effects of Selected Task Performance Criteria at Initiating Adaptive Task Reallocations

In the current report various performance assessment methods used to initiate mode transfers between manual control and automation for adaptive task reallocation were tested. Participants monitored two secondary tasks for critical events while actively controlling a process in a fictional system. One of the secondary monitoring tasks could be automated whenever operators' performance was below acceptable levels. Automation of the secondary task and transfer of the secondary task back to manual control were either human- or machine-initiated. Human-initiated transfers were based on the operator's assessment of the current task demands while machine-initiated transfers were based on the operators' performance. Different performance assessment methods were tested in two separate experiments.

Hazardous wastes and differing perceptions of risk in Sumter county, Alabama

Abstract Strong differences in perceptions of risk were found to exist between community leaders and the general public in Sumter County, Alabama, site of the nation's largest hazardous waste landfill. This landfill has been in operation since 1978. Data were obtained from three sources: semistructured interviews with community leaders and knowledgeable individuals, a random mail survey, and a door‐to‐door survey. Community leaders identified through the reputational method were found to trust the facility operator's assessment of minimal risk associated with the facility. Reasons for this acceptance by local leaders are explored. The general public was far less convinced by the company's assurances and viewed the facility with alarm. The prevailing “mill town”; atmosphere of the area discourages vocal opposition, which is limited to a small activist environmental organization.

Evaluation of Leprosy Control Programmes: Some Suggestions for Operational and Epidemiological Assessments

With existing agents and methods, the object of leprosy control proj ects i.s to reduce progressively over a period of many years the morbidity of leprosy to a level at which it no longer presents an important public health problem . The achievement of this objective depends on several measures, administrative, medical, social and legal, and on health education and training of personnel. The assessment of a leprosy project should therefore be concerned with all the measures applied in the control of the disease. In this note we shall deal only with the medical measures. Moreover, to limit the length of the paper, we shall suggest only the assessment measurements without considering the interpretation of results which may derive from the evaluation : also we shall not discuss the actions or measures which could be pertinent after the assessment . We shall stress that in the interpretation of results, in the choice of the best strategy to reach the objectives , and in the action to be taken after evaluation, all the local factors should be taken into account. The evaluation o f the medical measures should be concerned with the operational aspects of the proj ect (opera tional assessment) and with the trend of the disease under the influence of the control measures, often associated with other factors (epidemiological assessment) . For both types of assessment i t is indispensable to have the relevant base-line information, and for the former it is necessary to know whether or not the programme has quantitatively defined objectives and also to know the priorities adopted. In each country or area the measurement indicators to be selected, and the interpretation of the findings, should be considered in the light of these elements. In fact, to consider only one of these factors, in control programmes with quantitatively defined objectives , the assessment at central level or in each unit is more easily done by comparing the achievement in each activity (cases to be diagnosed, treated, etc.) with the target proposed for monthly, quarterly or annual periods.