Operation Of Integrated Energy System Research Articles

Study on the carbon footprint impact analysis method of integrated energy system operation in low-carbon park considering multi-domain dynamic characteristics

Low-carbon parks are an important battlefield for China to achieve the goal of peaking carbon neutrality. Accurate and efficient analysis and tracking of park carbon footprint is a necessary measure to reduce carbon and save energy in parks. Aiming at the problems of less research on the carbon footprint of low-carbon parks at home and abroad and the lack of tracking and analysis methods of dynamic influencing factors of carbon footprint, this paper focuses on the carbon footprint of typical low-carbon parks during operation and proposes a dynamic tracking method of the carbon footprint of low-carbon parks that considers the dynamic characteristics of carbon emissions in various fields. In this paper, the hierarchical impact structure of the carbon footprint of low-carbon parks was first constructed, including the impact of population, economy, construction, energy, transportation, and industry. LMDI (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index) was used to decompose the macro-level impact of the carbon footprint of low-carbon parks. Secondly, this paper establishes a dynamic simulation model of carbon emissions of low-carbon parks in the fields of building, energy, transportation, and industry, which can realize 8760 hours of dynamic simulation calculation throughout the year. Based on dynamic simulation, this paper carries out single factor sensitivity analysis and combines the Monte Carlo simulation method to complete quantitative calculation of dynamic second-order influence weight of carbon footprint. Finally, a multi-domain impact analysis and tracking method for the carbon footprint of low-carbon parks is obtained.

Research on the operation optimization of Integrated Energy System based on dual model refined simulation of thermal network

Accurately assessing energy flow is of paramount importance for achieving the dual objectives of economic efficiency and energy efficiency in the operation of electric-thermal integrated energy systems. The generic thermal network model is commonly used to describe operating characteristics under baseline conditions. However, due to the high-dimensional nonlinear nature of solving its parameters, traditional methods have limitations. In this study, to address this issue, we conduct dual-mode detailed simulation analysis for the hydraulic and thermal processes of the thermal network. The finite difference method is employed to calculate dynamic parameters. Based on this, a network loss model is constructed using the mean square deviation method. To achieve the dual objectives of integrated energy system operation optimization, the NSGA-II algorithm and VIKOR decision rules are applied to obtain the optimal solution. Using these methods and taking a specific electric-thermal integrated energy system in the northern region as an example, we simulate and analyze the data of the system operation under three thermal network modes. The results indicate that the refined thermal network model can reduce the total operating cost to $16,871 and achieve an energy efficiency of 83.219 %, outperforming the results of other operational modes.

Operation Optimization of Biomass Integrated Energy System Based on Adjustable Heat-to-Electric Ratio

Considering the application of biomass energy, the Biomass Integrated Energy System (BIES) was first constructed. An integrated energy system operation optimization model was proposed with the objective functions of minimizing economic costs and maximizing clean energy utilization. Secondly, according to the characteristics of biomass Cogeneration, the scheme of adjusting the ratio of heat and power is proposed. Finally, a simulation analysis was conducted on a certain region in China. The results indicate that utilizing biomass energy in an integrated energy system can greatly reduce operating costs and improve energy utilization efficiency. After the heat-to-power ratio is adjusted, economic costs can be reduced again by 7.66%, and clean energy utilization can be increased by 6.15%.

The Optimal Control Algorithm of the Integrated Energy System Based on Demand Response

As an important embodiment of energy diversification demand, comprehensive energy has been widely used. Aiming at the problem of system optimization for the dynamic characteristics of multi-energy networks in the integrated energy system, this paper established the integrated energy system optimization control model. It optimized the next-day system load curve based on the integrated demand response and verified the effectiveness of the algorithm in this paper. The results show that the algorithm model in this paper can improve the flexibility and economy of the system operation. It can ensure the safety of the integrated energy system operation. It can also effectively improve the economy of the system and reduce the system operation cost and promote the consumption of clean energy, which shows the effectiveness of the optimization control algorithm in this paper.

Retracted: Application of BIM Digital Information Technology in the Economic Optimization Operation of Integrated Energy Systems

Retracted: Application of BIM Digital Information Technology in the Economic Optimization Operation of Integrated Energy Systems

Flexibility operation for integrated energy system considering hydrogen energy under inertia characteristics and stepped carbon trading mechanism

As a practical way to alleviate energy supply pressure and promote energy efficiency, the integrated energy system has attracted considerable attention worldwide. However, previous work on the integrated energy system does not adequately investigate the flexibility potential hidden in multi-energy coordination, resulting in a lack of flexibility in operational decisions. In this context, a techno-economic framework is urgently needed to take responsibility for improving the flexible performance of the integrated energy system operation. To do so, an operational strategy is developed to fully exploit the inertia characteristics that exist in the transmission of natural gas and heat energy to increase flexibility in energy use and balancing system energy. In the proposed strategy, flexible carbon trading is simulated at different growth rates and base prices through a tiered carbon trading mechanism to effectively investigate and achieve low carbon emissions. To address carbon emissions from an energy application perspective, a hydrogen-doped electric-to-gas process is established, providing new ideas for a low-carbon economy. Simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the accommodation level of renewable energy and reduce carbon emissions, and make more detailed use of the transmission energy of the integrated energy system to achieve more flexible operation.

A two-stage distributionally robust optimization model for geothermal-hydrogen integrated energy system operation considering multiple uncertainties

A two-stage distributionally robust optimization model for geothermal-hydrogen integrated energy system operation considering multiple uncertainties

Demand response comprehensive incentive mechanism-based multi-time scale optimization scheduling for park integrated energy system

With the increasing uncertainty of energy supply side output, fully encouraging users to participate in demand response through different types of demand response incentive mechanisms has become one of the effective ways to deal with the uncertainty of integrated energy system operation and improve the overall energy efficiency. However, in existing studies, the coordination of uncertainty handling, optimization of demand response incentive strategies, and demand response measures at different time scales have not been adequately considered in the operation of integrated energy systems. Based on these considerations, this paper proposes a multi time-scale game optimization scheduling model for Park-level Integrated Energy System considering multiple types of demand response models. In the day-ahead stage, a Park-level Integrated Energy System optimization game scheduling model based on the demand response comprehensive incentive mechanism is established, and the uncertainty of the predicted value of distributed renewable energy and multi-type energy load was characterized based on the fuzzy chance-constrained programming method. In the intraday and real-time stages, a rolling optimization scheduling model is established with the minimum cost of Park-level Integrated Energy System operator scheduling. For the proposed model, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and an iterative solution strategy of CPLEX solver are introduced. Finally, the simulation results of an actual case show that the proposed model can effectively improve the Park-level Integrated Energy System operator and user economy while ensuring reliability.

Integrated energy system operation considering building thermal inertia and hydrogen storage systems

(1) An IES operation optimization system considering building thermal inertia and hydrogen energy storage systems is formed. (2) A hybrid particle swarm optimization-cuckoo search based on the beetle antennae search strategy (BPSO-CS) is proposed.

Optimal facility combination set of integrated energy system based on consensus point between independent system operator and independent power producer

In recent years, the frequency of power demand imbalance and negative price phenomenon has risen due to the rapid expansion of renewable energy sources (RES). Because of this, a means to reduce the curtailment of RES by utilizing surplus energy is essential. This paper focuses on reducing the curtailment of wind turbines (WT) with high output intermittency and minimizing the investment cost of IES via an integrated energy system (IES). The IES operation seeks to improve the acceptability and efficiency of the RES as it supports the integration of various energies mix, such as electricity, heat, hydrogen. This paper proposes an optimal facility combination set (FCS) of IES that satisfies the requirements of ISO and IPP using Multi-Objective Optimization Programming (MOP). The case study is based on a wind farm in South Korea, set in Aewol-eup, Jeju-Island. The case study results provide the best configuration of the IES energy mix with the best economic value and efficiency while satisfying ISO and IPP perspectives.

Optimal operation of park-level integrated energy system based on multi-agent cooperative game

As the effects of climate change and environmental pollution become more serious, the requirements of low carbon emission are put forward to the operation of integrated energy systems. Under this trend, a cooperative-game-based operation optimization model for integrated energy systems is proposed in this paper. This model can achieve the multi-agent allocation and coordinate the operating costs and carbon emissions. The Anderson-accelerated-based alternating direction multiplication (AA-ADMM) method is used to improve the efficiency of solving the proposed model. Thereafter, the benefit of each agent is allocated by the Shapley value. Results indicate that the proposed model can provide a reasonable trade-off between operating costs and carbon emissions, and the proposed benefit allocation strategy is effective.

Application of BIM Digital Information Technology in the Economic Optimization Operation of Integrated Energy Systems

Energy is an important support for national economic development, and energy security directly affects national security, sustainable development, and social stability. The Middle East has the largest energy reserves in the world. Saudi Arabia is located in the Middle East and is a big energy country with very rich resources. With the reduction of fossil fuels and the increasingly prominent problem of climate change, the sustainable supply of energy while reducing environmental pollution and economic costs in the process of energy use is a problem facing the world today. In order to fully absorb clean energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce fuel costs and environmental costs, we studied the impact of BIM digital information technology on the economic optimization of integrated energy systems. The integrated energy system has the characteristics of multienergy input and multienergy output. In terms of energy output, the system uses the principle of energy cascade utilization to recover and utilize the waste heat generated by the traditional generator set and then collects it through absorption. Compared with the traditional single-stage utilization of energy, the integrated energy system uses various forms of power, for example, power, heating, cooling, and natural gas, to achieve economic optimization by improving the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency through multienergy complementation. Through the investigation and comparison of the optimal dispatching operation cost, energy use cost, pollutant treatment cost, and equipment maintenance cost of 3 enterprises, the results show that the comprehensive energy system using BIM digital information technology can reduce the energy use cost by 8.7%. Moreover, the cost of pollutant treatment and the cost of equipment maintenance have been reduced to a certain extent, which has a certain optimization effect on the economy of comprehensive energy of enterprises.

Economy-environment-energy benefit analysis for green hydrogen based integrated energy system operation under carbon trading with a robust optimization model

Green hydrogen based integrated energy system (GHIES) operation has significant economy-environment-energy (3E) characteristics, making it valuable to investigate its 3E benefit to enhance the 3E synergic development, especially under carbon market. This paper aims to study the 3E benefit of GHIES under carbon trading based on its operation. To handle the wind power uncertainty, a robust optimization model in presence of carbon trading is established and the 3E benefit is analyzed with actual data of an industrial park. The results revealed that: Compared with the existing combined cooling, heat and power system: (1) Wind power uncertainty consideration via robust optimization can minimize wind power curtailment rate and maximize economy-environment-energy benefit; (2) The proposed GHIES system is superior to it in terms of economy-environment-energy benefit by obtaining 56.23 % increase in total profit increase, a 20.19 % reduction in CO2 emission and 23.5 % decline in air pollution emission, as well as a significant improvement of energy efficiency for operation. (3) carbon price and free quota allocation only influences the economic benefit and has no influence on other benefits. The optimization results provide a good reference for the GHIES investment strategy.

Research on dynamic pricing and operation optimization strategy of integrated energy system based on Stackelberg game

Integrated energy system (IES) brings new solutions to promote energy coupling and improve energy efficiency. However, with the transformation of energy market from traditional vertical integrated structure to interactive competitive structure, traditional optimization methods are difficult to reveal the game pattern among IESs. In this paper, a Stackelberg game model of integrated energy system operator (IESO) and integrated energy system (IES) is established to study the IESO dynamic pricing behavior and the IES operation optimization strategy. Firstly, this paper takes the IESO as the leader and each IES as the follower to construct the Stackelberg operation framework. Secondly, the Stackelberg game model between the IESO and the IESs is constructed and solved by the double mutation differential evolution algorithm, and the existence and uniqueness of the game equilibrium solution is proved. Finally, an integrated energy system park is taken as an example to demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of the model established in this paper. The results show that, for IES, the method can achieve economic benefits while taking into account the environmental cost; and for IESO, it can achieve the IESs optimal energy efficiency while taking into account its own benefits. This paper can provide guarantee and theoretical basis for the IES operation optimization and the interaction between IESs and IESO in terms of algorithm and transaction mode.

An Integrated Energy System Operation Optimization Model for Water Consumption Control Analysis in Park Scale from the Perspective of Energy–Water Nexus

The water–energy nexus has become a key factor in the implementation of low-carbon green development, which has led to the need for exploring effective management within the coupled integrated system with multi-energy flow supplies. In this study, the coupled relationship between water resources and energy in the integrated energy system was systematically analyzed, and a system operation optimization model was proposed through comprehensively considering cold, heat and electricity load, and nine kinds of energy conversion and supply equipment/technology from the perspective of a water resources and energy nexus in a typical industry park. The system operation scheme, energy supply mode, net benefit and water resource consumption under different water resource control scenarios were obtained. The results show that water resource control would directly bring about a directly positive influence on renewable energy utilization and energy storage reduction, and that a system’s external dependence and benefits, renewable energy utilization potential and other factors in an integrated energy system should be comprehensively considered. The development of more effective control indicators could be better to promote the effectiveness of bidirectional regulation in a water–energy nexus.

Optimal operation method of integrated energy system considering thermal inertia

This paper proposes a comprehensive energy system operation optimization method considering the thermal inertia of the heating system. Firstly, based on the energy network of the integrated energy system, establish the thermal inertia and heat storage model of the heating pipeline; secondly, the goal is to minimize the total operating cost of the electricity-heat-gas integrated energy system. Considering constraints such as power balance and safe operation of equipment, an integrated energy system operation optimization model based on thermal inertia is established; the results show that the model can better balance scheduling cost and reliability.

Integrated Energy System Operation Optimization Based on Reinforcement Learning

Each subject in the integrated energy system has different interests and demands, and it is necessary to optimize the energy dispatching with the help of multi-subject game theory. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a reinforcement learning-based multi-object operation optimization method for integrated energy systems. Firstly, a multi-subject integrated energy system model including energy suppliers, park service providers and users is constructed; secondly, a game search method based on reinforcement signals is proposed to improve the speed of multi-subject game solution; finally, a simulation is conducted with an integrated energy system as an example to verify the effectiveness and rapidity of the proposed method.

Research on the optimization method of integrated energy system operation with multi-subject game

The construction of integrated energy system can effectively improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emission, which is of great significance to energy sustainable development. This paper proposes an integrated energy system operation optimization method based on cooperative game, which can effectively reduce the energy cost and carbon emissions of the system, and encourage different subjects to participate in the overall coordinated and optimized operation of the system. Firstly, combined with cooperative game theory, a cooperative game model of integrated energy system with cost and carbon emission as objectives is established. Secondly, a profit distribution method combining improved Shapley value and nucleolus method is proposed. Finally, an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm is proposed to solve the cooperative game model, which greatly improves the solving efficiency. The example shows that the cooperative mode saves 26.86% of the cost and reduces 39.42% of the carbon emission compared with the independent operation. At the same time, the scientific and effective benefit distribution method proposed in this paper is verified from the overall, individual and alliance perspectives.

Operation Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy System Considering the Responsibility of Renewable Energy Consumption and Carbon Emission Trading

To “bring carbon emissions to a peak by 2030 and to be carbon-neutral by 2060”, the role of renewable energy consumption and carbon emission trading are promoted. As an important energy consumer of regional energy system, it is necessary for integrated energy system to ensure the low-carbon economic operation of the system. Combined with the responsibility of renewable energy consumption, green certificate trading mechanism, carbon emission rights trading, and China Certified Emission Reduction (CCER), a regional integrated energy system operation optimization model was proposed. The model aims to minimize the total cost of the system, which included with electric bus, thermal bus, and cold bus. Setting different scenarios for the given example, the results show that the optimized model could effectively reduce the operating costs of the system. Moreover, the results also provide an effective reference for the system’s economic and low-carbon operation.

Integrated energy system operation optimization with gas linepack and thermal inertia

An optimal scheduling model that can integrate the power, heat and gas networks considering the gas linepack and the thermal inertia of heating system is proposed here. By coupling the characteristics of various energy flows, the flexibility and reliability of system operation can be improved without further investment on the storage equipment. First, the storage capacity of the gas pipeline, the process of thermal system transmission and the heat storage capability at the consumer side are analysed and modelled. The associated gas linepack model, heat system thermal inertia model and primary electricity-gas-heat model are subsequently combined and simplified through incremental linearization to establish an optimal scheduling model that can be applied for the Integrated Energy System (IES) based on the characteristics of thermal inertia and gas linepack. Case studies are conducted to assess the potential of optimizing the two energy flows using the proposed optimal scheduling method and the results indicate that the IES can significantly enhance the system capability to accommodate excessive renewable energy and maintain reliable operation during peak hours.