Opening Lines Research Articles

The subversive subtext of Shakespearean allusion in Sheridan LeFanu’s ‘Carmilla’

Early on in J. Sheridan LeFanu’s ‘Carmilla’, Laura’s father rattles off the opening lines of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice (p.14; 1.1.1-4). It is the most obvious but not the only allusion to Shakespeare in LeFanu’s gothic tale. This article identifies a handful of further references, notably to Cleopatra and Ophelia, and to instances of disguise in The Taming of the Shrew and Romeo and Juliet, and to cross dressing in Twelfth Night. It begs the question, ‘What is Shakespeare doing haunting LeFanu’s nineteenth-century text?’ Ultimately connecting these allusions, some more subtle than others, to the othering of Carmilla (and her associates) and to the twin corruptions of cross-dressing and suicide, the article finds that the sometimes only half-visible figures of Shakespeare’s plays act as alluring but corrupting forces within LeFanu’s diabolical tale not unlike the titular vampire.

The Nicene Creed and Luther’s Credal Hymn

Absract: Next year will be a centennial of the Council of Nicea (325), which, together with the First Council of Constantinople (381), created what we know as the Nicene Creed. This year also marks the quincentennial of Martin Luther’s credal hymn “We All Believe in One True God.” Luther used the opening line and tune of a late medieval hymn, reflecting both the Nicene Creed and the Apostles’ Creed. His hymn accurately summarized the credal results of the councils of Nicea and Constantinople, as declaring the divinity of Christ and the Holy Spirit. This article explores these histories along with the translations of Luther’s hymn into English, especially with regard to the divinity of the Holy Spirit.

Max Reger’s Organ Fantasias Based on Chorale Melodies

Johann Baptist Joseph Maximilian Reger is best known for his organ compositions. He favored the genres of the Baroque. He treated and developed the genres of chorale prelude, fugue and fantasia in his own individual way. He was inspired by his friend and performer Karl Straube (1873-1950), organist of the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, who provided him with inspiration and ideas for his compositions. The present study focuses on the chorale fantasias pertaining to the composer’s group of works for organ. These compositions by Reger are considered to be seminal works of organ literature. They were composed in a short period between 1898 and 1900. Reger designed the registration of the organ works for the disposition of German late Romantic organs, which are characterized by a faithful imitation of an orchestral sound. Formally, they follow the structure of the Baroque chorale variation and chorale partita. The titles of the chorale fantasias echo the opening lines of the sacred hymns they are based on. The melodies date from the 16th and 17th centuries and belong to the hymn repertoire of German Lutheran congregations. Some of them can also be found in the Hungarian Reformed congregational hymnal. Keywords: chorale fantasia, baroque genres, Lutheran congregational singing, formal structure, disposition of late Romantic organs.

A method worth telling: Using story completion to understand social work responses to discriminatory abuse

Story completion methods have not yet been used in social work research, but the method has significant potential in this area. This paper reports on findings of a qualitative story completion study, which set out to understand professional responses to discriminatory abuse in English safeguarding adults practice. Fifty-six social worker and social care worker participants responded to a ‘story stem’, which refers to the opening lines of a story, continuing a story they choose to tell in response. In this instance, the story stem introduces a fictional scenario involving a social worker who is visiting an adult who has experienced discriminatory abuse. Story completion was chosen because it does not require self-report and this was useful given the under-reporting of discriminatory abuse. Story completion is appropriate for studying taboo or sensitive topics because it is less exposing, producing stories rather than accounts of one’s practice. Story completion also allowed contrast and comparison across different characteristics that might be targeted in discriminatory abuse, spotlighting divergent responses to discrimination based on transgender identity, race and mental ill-health. Dramaturgical narrative analysis was used to make sense of the resulting stories and three narratives were identified: anxious allies, affirmative advocates and administrative assessors. There were a small number of outliers who did not complete stories based on the guidelines provided. The results suggest workforce development needs in relation to discriminatory abuse. The article concludes with a reflection on the ways in which social work research can draw on story completion methods in the future.

The influence of the S shaped characteristics of high head pump-turbine on the minimum pressure of draft tube

Abstract The S shaped characteristics of pump-turbines have an important impact on the minimum pressure of draft tube. The quality of the S shaped characteristics is one of the key indicators to determine the success of model runner development, and this indicator is particularly important for ultra-high head pump-turbines. In order to delve deeper into the inherent relationship between the S-shaped characteristics of the runner and the optimization design and minimum pressure of draft tube, this article first defines a method for fixed-point quantitative analysis of the S shaped characteristic curve. Then, different experimental characteristic curves obtained from multiple optimized designs of the runner are used to calculate the hydraulic transition process. At the same time, the S shaped curve is quantitatively analyzed, and the relationship between the three is explored through continuous analysis. The results show that the bending degree of the equal opening lines in the middle at the S shape characteristics curves has the greatest influence on the minimum pressure at the draft tube inlet. The greater the ratio of unit flow difference to unit speed difference in the S shape characteristics curves of the equal opening line, the greater the runaway unit flow on the same equal opening line, the more favorable it is to increase the minimum pressure at the inlet of the draft tube. The optimal design of blade type and guide vane airfoil can improve the minimum pressure value of draft tube to a certain extent. The conclusions obtained in this paper can be used for reference in the research and development design of high head pump-turbine runner and the optimization calculation of transition.

Permainan ULTAJAS (Ular Tangga Jajanan Sehat) Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Anak Tentang PJAS (Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah)

Introduction: PHBS is an effort to provide learning experiences that create conditions for individuals, families and groups by opening lines of communication, providing information and providing useful education to increase knowledge and attitudes regarding clean and healthy living behavior through approaches, creating an atmosphere and empowering the community. Objective : to increase children's knowledge about healthy and nutritious snacks and make efforts to reduce the malnutrition status of healthy and unhealthy snacks. Method: Health education methodology that includes self-health. Participants in this consultation are expected to be able to implement a comprehensive strategy, especially in creating new behaviors, especially PHBS, in the school and community environment. Result: From the results of the study it can be concluded that before delivering the health consultation material as many as 2 people (0.3%) were able to answer questions before the material was delivered, 3 people (0.5%) did not know. Participants did not know about healthy snacks, 1 person (0.2%) participants did not know, participants did not know about healthy snacks. After health counseling, the knowledge of PHBS healthy snack participants increased 100% to 6 people. Conclusion: Expanding knowledge about healthy snacking is a great start for teaching clean and healthy living habits in everyday life. After knowing the characteristics of unhealthy snacks and the dangers of unhealthy snacks, it is hoped that children will stop buying unhealthy snacks.

Defining “Romans” in the Late Antique Near East: Some Preliminary Thoughts on the “Romans” in Sūrat al-Rūm

Abstract In the opening lines of the sūrah named after the “Romans,” Q Rūm 30, the qurʾānic preacher expresses his solidarity with the “Romans” who had then been defeated by the Persian army. In seeking to better understand these verses, one may start with the question: Who exactly are the “Romans” here? “Roman” was a broad, multifaceted term, as Yannis Stouraitis has lately pointed out, based mainly on sources written after the seventh century and stemming from the Greek-speaking “West” of the Byzantine Empire. In this study, using mainly Syriac sources but also some hitherto unnoticed Greek testimonies coming from the Near East, this semantic variability of the word “Roman” is shown to further expand when going East. Like in most Syriac sources, “Romans” in Q Rūm primarily means members of the Byzantine army (and state apparatus), be they ethnic Greeks, Syrians, or Arabs. At the same time, the “Romans” of this sūrah are all inhabitants, all “citizens” of the Byzantine Empire – not just its armies and magistrates. This latter sense corresponds to the broader sense in which “Romans” is used not only in Syriac, but also in Greek sources (and in other languages of the Late Antique Near East). That broader sense is one that we find in a definition by the Damascene Sophronios of Jerusalem, according to whom “Roman” is anyone “stemming from a city subject to the Romans.” Another qurʾānic passage that refers to the Byzantines (though without naming them), which has very much to do with the same geopolitical context of the Byzantine-Persian wars, Q Māʾidah 5:17, seems to criticize a “Byzantine” confidence in the invincibility of Christ and Mary. Why does the Qurʾān chose to name the Romans when expressing solidarity with them, yet leave them unnamed when criticizing them? Could it be the case that this difference between naming the “Romans” and leaving them unnamed is somehow meant to show that the solidarity with the “Romans,” as declared expressis verbis in the Sūrat al-Rūm, concerns the entire Byzantine world whereas the sharp criticism in al-Māʾidah is not general in the same sense?

Pengaruh ULTAJAS (Ular Tangga Jajanan Sehat) Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Anak Tentang PJAS (Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah)

Abstract Introduction: PHBS is very easy to say but is it easy to do if implemented? According to Diana 2013 PHBS is difficult to implement because it requires awareness and seriousness about the importance of maintaining health. PHBS is an effort to provide a learning experience that creates conditions for individuals, families and groups by opening lines of communication, providing information and conducting useful education to increase knowledge and attitudes regarding clean and healthy living behavior through approaches, atmosphere building and community empowerment. Health education is very important for children, especially school-age children because at that age children will learn directly from their school environment. Therefore, it is important for school children to know about clean and healthy living behaviors about consuming healthy snacks. Through snakes and ladders games, children are able to develop their motor skills, are able to know themselves, work together with friends, are able to recognize emotions and are more disciplined. Meanwhile, through healthy snacks, children's knowledge increases about healthy and unhealthy snacks, is able to save money not to snack on healthy snacks. not good, children will be more careful in snacking at school and children will focus more on bringing the provisions given by their parentsObjective : The purpose of this health education activity is to increase children’s knowledge about healthy and nutritioous snacks and to make efforts to reduce the poor nutritional status of healthy and unhealthy snacks in Karangpaningal Village, Bojongnangka Hamlet, Panawangan Ciamis. Method: Health education methodology that includes self-health. Participants in this consultation are expected to be able to implement a comprehensive strategy, especially in creating new behaviors, especially PHBS, in the school and community environment. Result: From the results of the study it can be concluded that before delivering the health consultation material as many as 2 people (0.3%) were able to answer questions before the material was delivered, 3 people (0.5%) did not know. Participants did not know about healthy snacks, 1 person (0.2%) participants did not know, participants did not know about healthy snacks. After health counseling, the knowledge of PHBS healthy snack participants increased 100% to 6 people. Conclusion: Expanding knowledge about healthy snacking is a great start for teaching clean and healthy living habits in everyday life. After knowing the characteristics of unhealthy snacks and the dangers of unhealthy snacks, it is hoped that children will stop buying unhealthy snacks.

Teaching Teenagers: Mistaking Insecurity for Apathy

Returning to studios after COVID-19, student–teacher tensions seem to be higher than ever. Teenagers who spent the beginnings of their young adulthood in isolation clash with instructors who might mistake their stress and insecurity for apathy and laziness. In this article, I examine my personal experience with teaching teenagers and offer strategies for success in opening lines of communication between instructors and high-school-age students in the independent sector.

Desenho participativo de uma mensagem de texto de Serviço de Mensagens Curta (SMS) para promover a mamografia entre as mulheres em Santa Fé, Argentina

We describe results of the design process of the content of the SMS messages to promote mammography. We conducted four online focus groups with women aged 50 or more (n=14). We used participatory techniques to debate the advantages and disadvantages of different options for the five structural elements of the SMS message. Our results showed that women argued that the opening line should provide clear information about the topic of the SMS message. SMS messages should include the woman’s name, information about who and how to get a mammogram and use a health institution as a sender. The closing line should encourage women to get a mammogram. A personalized SMS could be a good way of inviting women to perform the mammography. The content must be carefully designed to provide clear information about how to schedule an appointment.

“My dear Phaedrus, where is it you're going, and where have you come from”: An Interpretation of the Opening Line of the Phaedrus

Abstract: I argue that the opening line of the Phaedrus proleptically encapsulates the major themes of the dialogue and that paying attention to the opening line enables us to strengthen the identification of psychagogy as the key unifying thread of the whole dialogue. In particular, I argue that the opening line foreshadows the quarrel between Lysias and Socrates over the practical guidance of Phaedrus’ soul; the prominence of friendship in the philosophical life; the pertinence of Socrates’ one-on-one engagement, vis-à-vis the later conceptualization of rhetoric; the definition of the soul as a source of never-ending movement; as well as the origin (ἀρχή) and destiny (τέλος) of human souls following the lines of the Palinode.

Archibald Marshall’s “Motley Mixture of Crying Contradictions”: Upsidonia as Utopian Farce

ABSTRACT Karl Marx’s acerbic observation in the opening lines of The Eighteenth Brumaire that “all facts and personages of great importance in world history occur the first time as tragedy, the second as farce” may be profitably applied to a reconsideration of literary farce sui generis, a genre represented in this article by a long-neglected work of utopian fiction, Archibald Marshall’s Upsidonia (1915). Although Upsidonia’s current disregard is arguably undeserved, the article’s chief interest is not to reclaim the novel on aesthetic grounds but to illuminate the mechanics of what Marx would call its “serious buffoonery.” In its persistent reversal of capitalist principles and relations, Upsidonia naturally invites readers to revisit Marx, whose mordant gambit may serve as a key to Marshall’s own farcical plot and praxis, rooted in return and repetition, the essential maneuvers of farce itself.

Anchoring, affect, and efficiency of sports gaming markets around playoff positioning

We consider the wagering market of National Football League (NFL) and National Basketball Association (NBA) games when participating teams have secured playoff positions. We use both the opening and closing lines (analogous to asset prices) of spread bets to examine if potential “letdown” effects, either psychologically or strategically, are priced. Results demonstrate that the initial opening line consistently provides a profitable strategy for those betting against teams that have clinched positions in the post-season. By the close of the betting cycle, closing lines move in the expected direction as the market partially prices the letdown. Many closing lines tighten to the extent that, after paying commissions, the naïve strategy of betting against clinched teams is less profitable. However, certain wagers, for example betting against NFL teams that have clinched top seeds, are statistically significantly economically profitable after paying commissions. These results support the behavioral finance concepts of anchoring, affect, in addition to lines moving towards efficiency.

Fascist uses of conspiracy theories: alienation, anxiety, and false concreteness in the critical political theory of Franz Neumann

ABSTRACT Recent decades have seen are surgence in the use of conspiracy theories by populist and autocratic political figures. This has sat alongside a renewed interest in using insights from Frankfurt School thinkers to open critical perspectives on fascist uses of conspiracy theories. This paper builds on resurgent interest in the work of Franz Neumann, and directs attention to the political manipulation of alienation and anxiety. Building on Neumann’s insistence that a falsely concrete theory of history is in operation wherever conspiracy theories resonate politically, this paper argues for the neglected centrality of conspiracy thinking in nearly all instances of fascist politics. Conspiracy theories are a structural feature of fascism – a hypothesis that invites empirical testing to see if it might better fit the overall pattern. Neumann’s political critical theory also returns our attention to the possibility of an antifascist critical theory with the political at the centre of its concerns, opening lines of inquiry that complement Adorno’s insights into domination of the administered world and the culture industry.

Dante's Arethusa and the Art of Transition

Abstract: This article examines Dante's allusion in the opening lines of Purgatorio to Ovid's account in the Metamorphoses of the song contest between the Muses and the Pierides. It argues that the Ovidian episode's pervasive concern for transition, seen in its many embedded and digressive tales, informs and amplifies Dante's negotiation of the textual border between Inferno and Purgatorio . In particular, it claims that the nymph Arethusa, whose journey from the underworld to 'see the stars again' occupies the lowest level of embedded narration in Ovid's poem, serves as an important but hitherto unacknowledged model for the pilgrim's arrival in Purgatory.

“The Yoke Before the Oil” (Isa 10:27d) in the Light of Neo-Assyrian Covenant-Making Rituals

Abstract Following a study by Robertson (1885), Old Testament scholars have attempted to resolve the difficult reference to oil in Isa 10:27d by means of emendations, generally of a geographical nature. In this way, the verse becomes the opening line of the following war oracle (10:28–32). The study of royal inscriptions from the Neo-Assyrian period reveals instead the existence of covenant-making rituals in which oil was employed, especially as an image of the curse associated with covenant transgressions. Since in Assyrian propaganda, the yoke was an image of the king’s lordship over the conquered peoples, with the prophecy that “the yoke before the oil will be destroyed,” the prophet alludes to the termination of the treaty obligations stipulated through the ritual, as well as any form of curse associated with it.

Sosialisasi Penerapan Hidup Sehat dan Pencegahan Penyakit Akibat Hewan Ternak di Desa Kuripan Timur Kecamatan Kuripan

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior is an attempt to provide a learning experience or create a condition for individuals, families, groups and society. By opening lines of communication, providing information, andconduct education to increase knowledge as well as attitudes and behavior, through leadership approach, atmosphere building, and empowerment public. the maintenance of livestock is carried out by the people in East Kuripan, namely caring for livestock near the homes or residential areas. through such a maintenance system it becomes one of the sources of disease spread which is very wide and easy. Various types of diseases that often arise as a result of animals that can be transmitted to humans, namely, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) or mad cow foot and mouth disease (FMD), Brucellosis disease is caused by a lack of attention to the health of these livestock. Through the socialization held, it is hoped that it can change the lifestyle of the community, especially in how to raise livestock.

Kumlbúa þáttr, an Eschatological Event: The Traumatic Ontology of Being in Time in Medieval Iceland

<i>Kumlbúa þáttr</i>, an Eschatological Event: The Traumatic Ontology of Being in Time in Medieval Iceland

O conceito de liberdade e igualdade de Jean Jacques Rousseau em O contrato social

Abstract: One of the common characteristics of early modern Western European philosophers is the emphasis on freedom and equality. Philosophers of this period looked for answers to “what is freedom and equality?” and realized freedom and equality into fundamental human rights. From John Locke to Montesquieu and Jean Jacques Rousseau, all consider freedom and equality as natural rights of human beings. Rousseau’s concept of freedom and equality is reflected in The Social Contract. At the beginning of this work, he commented with a famous opening line, “Man is born free, but is everywhere in chains.” That is the fundamental argument to give a unique view of freedom and equality. Within the scope of the article, the author focuses on analyzing his views on freedom and equality in many different aspects - freedom and equality in the state of nature, freedom and equality in civil society, and how to achieve freedom and equality - thereby presenting the values and limitations of his views on freedom and equality.

A Translation of the Arabic Duʿāʾ al-Saḥar (The Dawn Supplication) or Duʿāʾ al-Bahāʾ (The Supplication of Splendour) with Select Expository Scriptural Writings of the Bāb and Bahāʾu’llāh

This article provides a full English translation of the Du’ā’ al-saḥar or Dawn Supplication for the Islamic month of Ramaḍān. Attributed to certain Imams whom Twelver Shī`ī Muslims regard as the successors of the Prophet Muhammad, it is an Arabic invocatory devotional also known from around the 13th century CE after its opening words, as the Du‘ā al-Bahā (Supplication of Splendour–Glory–Light). It is commonly ascribed to the fifth Imam Muhammad al-Bāqir (d. c. 126/743) or as transmitted through his son, the sixth Imam Ja‘far al-Ṣādiq (d. c. 138/765). The former version or recension has around 22 invocations, while the sixth Imam’s recension is known as the Du‘ā’ al-mubāhalah (The Supplication for Mutual Imprecation) and is considerably longer, consisting of over 30 supplicatory lines. This latter recension had its origin at a time when Muhammad was challenged near Medina by certain Yemenite Christians of Najrān about his messianic status as a Prophet in the light of theological and Christological issues. Both Sayyid ‘Alī Muḥammad Shīrāzī, “the Bāb” (1819–1850), and Mīrzā Ḥusayn ‘Alī Nūrī, “Bahā’u’llāh” (1817–1892) gave great importance to this supplication (or these two related supplications) and were much influenced by its vocabulary and rhythmic, cascading content relating the Names of God. The Bāb interpreted it on Islamic and imamological lines in his Persian Dalā’il-i saba‘ (The Seven Proofs). He cited it often, both in early texts and within numerous later major writings, including the Kitāb al-asmā’ (The Book of Names) and the Kitāb-i panj sha’n (The Book of the Seven Modes [of Revelation]). In his Persian Bayān and other writings, he used nineteen of its invocatory divine Names to frame the structure and names of his annual calendar of nineteen months: his new, wondrous or Badī‘ calendar (“The New/Regenerative Calendar”). This calendar was furthermore adopted by Baha’u’llah in his Kitāb-i aqdas (The Most Holy Book). His own theophanic title, evolving from “Jināb-i Bahā’” (His eminence the Glory) to “Bahā’u’llāh” (the Glory of God) is closely related and is rooted in this and certain similar texts. Baha’u’llah referred to the Du‘ā’ al-saḥar as the Lawh-i baqā’ (The Scriptural Tablet of Eternity) and understood its opening lines as an allusion to his person as the embodiment of the Supreme or Greatest Name of God (al-ism al-a`ẓam). Several of the Arabic and Persian writings in which the founder of the Baha’i religion interprets the Du‘ā’ al-saḥar are translated in this current paper. Their content demonstrates the extent to which he elevated this powerful Islamic text.