Open Mapping Research Articles

On maximal nowhere dense sublocales

The aim of this paper is to study some variants of nowhere dense sublocales called maximal nowhere dense and homogeneous maximal nowhere dense sublocales. These concepts were initially introduced by Veksler in classical topology. We give some general properties of these sublocales and further examine their relationship with both inaccessible sublocales and remote sublocales. It turns out that a locale has all of its non-void nowhere dense sublocales maximal nowhere dense precisely when all of its its non-void nowhere dense sublocales are inaccessible. We show that the Booleanization of a locale is inaccessible with respect to every dense and open sublocale. In connection to remote sublocales, we prove that, if the supplement of an open dense sublocale S is homogeneous maximal nowhere dense, then every S#-remote sublocale is *-remote from S. Every open localic map that sends dense elements to dense elements preserves and reflects maximal nowhere dense sublocales. If such a localic map is further injective, then it sends homogeneous maximal nowhere dense sublocales back and forth.

Efficiency Analysis of Open Polygon Method in Land Mapping in Mojoroto Kediri

In the building establishment process, the geotechnical characteristics of soil have a significant impact on the structural performance of buildings. Therefore, soil mapping becomes a critical step in understanding the properties of soil that can affect foundation and structural stability. The mapping method used is open polygon mapping, which allows flexibility in determining land boundaries. Measurements were taken at three survey points: roadside, middle of the field, and edge of the field. The mapping results reveal variations in soil characteristics that need to be considered in development planning to ensure solid and stable building foundations. The implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in this process facilitates deeper data analysis and better visualization of field conditions. The mapping results show significant variations in ground elevation at each survey point, emphasizing the importance of understanding the area's topography. Additionally, area measurements were conducted using open polygon data, providing fundamental information for area development planning. Contour maps generated through Surfer software provide clear visualization of ground elevations at each survey point, enhancing understanding of the area's topography. This research contributes significantly to understanding soil characteristics and topography in the rear area of Mojoroto. It is expected to serve as a guide for area development planning, ensuring the stability and safety of future building structures. Thus, soil mapping is a critical step in ensuring the safety and sustainability of future buildings and contributes to sustainable area development planning.

The OpenGazetteer of Open Maps for Europe and Minority Toponyms

The OpenGazetteer of Open Maps for Europe and Minority Toponyms

Tackling of challenging accessory pathways utilizing open window mapping, does it add benefit?

Abstract Introduction 3D electroanatomical mapping is beneficial in accessory pathway ablation for better delineation of the anatomy, less procedure and fluro time, it depends on point-by-point mapping to identify the connection sites of the accessory pathway (AP) to the atria or ventricle, or the site of the AP potential. However, this approach requires an accurate interpretation of the local electrograms. In contrast, open window mapping (OWM) doesn’t need to differentiate the signals site of origin, it is based on an automatic annotation process in which the signals with the highest -dV/dt are annotated at each obtained point irrespective of the cardiac chamber. (1) Few reports describe the additional benefit of such technique in patients with complex congenital heart diseases. (2) Purpose To present our centre experience in using OWM technique in addition to early meets late (EML) algorism in accessory pathway ablation especially in patients with complex congenital heart disease or previous failed ablation trials. Methods We reviewed patients who underwent AVRT ablation at our centre from August 2022 to August 2023 with emphasis on cases mapped using OWM & EML techniques using high density mapping catheters. Demographic data, clinical presentation, resting & tachycardia ECGs, and Echo reports were examined thoroughly, additionally, we revised the 3D maps, ablation details, fluro dose, and outcomes of the procedures. Results Over one year, among 74 patients underwent AVRT ablation, open window mapping was used in 4 patients with manifest preexcitation (Rt posteroseptal in 3 of them & Rt free wall in one patient). Among the four patients: 3 were pediatrics, youngest was 5 years old, 19 Kg, 2 patients had previous failed ablation trials, their Echo reports revealed severe form of Ebstein anomaly with large ASD in the first patient, case 2 had single ventricle physiology with bidirectional Glenn while the two other patients had structurally normal heart (Table). The mapping using the OW & EML techniques confirmed the site of AP breakthrough conduction at Rt posteroseptal area in 3 of them and Rt posterolateral area in the remaining one, ablation resulted in immediate loss of preexcitation with no recurrence in all patients. Average fluro dose was 0.1 Gy which is significantly lower than the average dose in the remaining AVRT cases. Over median follow up period of 9 months, there were no recurrence of the accessory pathways & no complications. Conclusion Open window mapping technique is highly beneficial for accurate & fast mapping of accessory pathways especially in those with complex congenital heart where AP ablation remains considerably more challenging. OWM also added benefit in redo cases as the previous ablation trials hampered manual EGM interpretation. Finally, most of our cases were pediatrics where using high density mapping catheters and contact force ablation catheters appears to be safe and effective.Demographic, ECG, Echo & procedure data3D map & Echo in patient 2

Open mappings of locally compact groups

Abstract The aim of this note is to insert in the literature some easy but apparently not widely known facts about morphisms of locally compact groups, all of which are concerned with the openness of the morphism.

A Study of s Star p Star Homeomorphism in Topological Spaces

The present study aims to provide an overview and explore the new class of closed map and open map is termed as semi star pre star closed map (Briefly s*p*closed map), semi star pre star open map (Briefly s*p*open map) and some of its characterizations are studied. More over semi star pre star homeomorphism (Briefly s*p*Homeomorphism) in topological spaces is defined via s*p*open map and s*p*continuous map and to get a few of their specific features. Also, compared with existing one.

On Soft Strongly Ƅ* - Closed Via Soft Ideal

In this paper, we introduce the soft strongly closed via soft ideal and study the behavior of intersection and union of this level. Also, we define the soft strongly continuous, irresolute, soft strongly open map and soft strongly closed map with some properties. Moreover, the relationship between another closed sets and soft strongly closed with counterexamples are discuss.

Characterizations of open and semi-open maps of compact Hausdorff spaces by induced maps

Let f:X→Y be a continuous surjection of compact Hausdorff spaces. Byf⁎:M(X)→M(Y),μ↦μ∘f−1 and 2f:2X→2Y,A↦f[A] we denote the induced continuous surjections on the probability measure spaces and hyperspaces, respectively. In this paper we mainly show the following facts:(1)If f⁎ is semi-open, then f is semi-open.(2)If f is semi-open densely open, then f⁎ is semi-open densely open.(3)f is open iff 2f is open.(4)f is semi-open iff 2f is semi-open.(5)f is irreducible iff 2f is irreducible.

Verifying safety of neural networks from topological perspectives

Neural networks (NNs) are increasingly applied in safety-critical systems such as autonomous vehicles. However, they are fragile and are often ill-behaved. Consequently, their behaviors should undergo rigorous guarantees before deployment in practice. In this paper, we propose a set-boundary reachability method to investigate the safety verification problem of NNs from topological perspectives. Given an NN with an input set and a safe set, the safety verification problem is to determine whether all outputs of the NN resulting from the input set fall within the safe set. In our method, the homeomorphism property of NNs is first exploited, which establishes rigorous guarantees between the boundaries of the input set and the boundaries of the output set. A homeomorphism is a special case of open maps, and consequently our set-boundary method is considered to be generalized to situations with open map property then2. The exploitation of these two properties facilitates reachability computations via extracting subsets of the input set rather than the entire input set, thus controlling the wrapping effect in reachability analysis and facilitating the reduction of computation burdens for safety verification. The homeomorphism property exists in some widely used NNs such as invertible residual networks (i-ResNets) and Neural ordinary differential equations (Neural ODEs), and the open map is a less strict topological property and is easier to satisfy compared with homeomorphisms. For NNs establishing either of these two properties, our set-boundary reachability method only needs to perform reachability analysis on the boundary of the input set. Moreover, for NNs that do not feature these properties with respect to the input set, we also explore subsets of the input set for establishing the local homeomorphism property and then abandon these subsets for reachability computations. Finally, some examples demonstrate the performance of our proposed method.

Mean-line analysis and optimal design of turbines using a proper algorithm for choked conditions

Compressible flow turbines usually work under choked conditions, requiring an analysis for the performance estimation. The Mean-line modeling is a fast and accurate method extensively used for the analysis and design purposes. However, it has not already been well-investigated for axial flow turbines specially in choked conditions. The present study investigates the issue from three novel aspects. First, a detailed study is accomplished on the inconsistencies of Mean-line method respect to the physics of real flows. It is discussed that the conditions related to maximum mass flow rate through a nozzle and the Mach number one at the throat are different. In fact, the latter condition is not quite physical. Second, a complete algorithm is utilized to implement the aforementioned considerations for the analysis of turbines. This algorithm includes an innovative Blade Solution Algorithm (BSA) and Turbine Solution Algorithm (TSA). The BSA solves the blade rows of turbine using the basic laws of Physics and real-gas properties. In the TSA, a robust and efficient procedure is presented so the solution of turbine converges in wide ranges of boundary conditions with minimum iterations. The results demonstrate that the algorithm generate close maps to the previous studies. Eventually in the third part, since a fast and robust Mean-line algorithm is crucial in optimization, the code is utilized for a design based on optimization using the Genetic Algorithm. In this procedure, all geometrical parameters are optimized as decision parameters rather than the use of old and approximate correlations. This is done along with novel constraints, which not only maximizes efficiency, but also puts the output power, mass flow rate and turbine size in appropriate ranges. The optimization results in a 3.5% rise in efficiency.

Designing a Weather Forecasting Application using API

A web-based tool called Weather Forecasting App gives users precise weather information according to their location. Numerous characteristics are employed in the proposed online application, including temperature, humidity, wind pressure, wind speed, dawn, and sunset times for the area. The precise locations of a forested and hilly environment can be found in this. All of the weather's parameter data was retrieved for this web application using a JavaScript API. To retrieve weather information specific to the user's location, the open weather map API is utilized in the suggested app.This web-based project is also a very responsive app that can provide a very interactive easy-to-use interface to the user on all their devices. Mean this app is a dynamic site that can change its orientation and size depending upon the user's devices. The purpose of weather forecasting is to provide individuals and organizations with information they can use to reduce climate-related losses and grow the community benefits, which include health and property protection, public health and safety, and support economic prosperity and a standard of living

Topological spaces satisfying a closed graph theorem

We discuss topological versions of the closed graph theorem, where continuity is inferred from near continuity in tandem with suitable conditions on source or target spaces. We seek internal characterizations of spaces satisfying a closed graph theorem, and we compare closed graph and open mapping spaces.

Messy, entangled, and shapeshifting: Feral Mapping

ABSTRACT This paper introduces the Feral Map, an open online map that brings together different creative practices questioning the dominant extractive, technocentric rendering and legitimising of particular algorithmic futures. Building on its initial development drawn upon open urban tree data, it invites people to explore and engage with their surroundings in creative, unfamiliar ways and share their experiences in the form of stories, using different kinds of media, sensory impressions, and personal expressions. These stories can be offered to existing places and local “creatures” (such as animals, ambiences, and glitches) or become new creatures on their own, emphasising mattering and entanglements: that change is the only constant in life. Through this, the map obscures the currently available – mostly quantitative – data about a place, and can help to raise questions about power, values, and structural inequalities that shape the place and its future. The Feral Map has been evolving to include such stories and creatures – or messy data – from different creative, practice-based research projects. Our paper presents the theoretical framing of the Feral Map and its design, how it has been transforming along with the involved projects, as well as our learnings from the process and possible future directions.

Optimal hybrid power dispatch through smart solar power forecasting and battery storage integration

This study presents a strategy to optimize hybrid power system dispatch for commercial sectors in South Africa while utilizing the day-ahead method to forecast solar photovoltaic (PV) power. The approach utilizes numerical weather prediction (NWP) models obtained from open weather maps and incorporates power plant specifications to generate predictions of the PV power plant’s output. These predictions are then integrated into an optimal control strategy incorporating battery storage. The use of optimal algorithms helps manage PV power plant curtailment during periods of over-generation. It is crucial to optimize PV power systems and ensure a continuous power supply for solar power plants, even during unfavorable weather conditions. Besides, the study develops a model that solves the challenging questions of combining solar power forecasting with an optimal dispatch and demand management scheme. Therefore, there is a need to incorporate battery storage systems through the developed optimal control method to maximize the energy from the PV system and minimize the power from the utility grid. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model. The winter season presented a lower MAE of 21 kW, an RMSE of 35.4 kW, and a MAPE of 3,1% for PV power output forecasting, showing that the errors during prediction are lower compared to other seasons. It has been observed that 60% of the load is supplied through a combination of PV power and battery storage. Therefore, evidence of the developed optimal hybrid power dispatch with an innovative solar power forecasting model suggests that accurate forecasting can improve system planning and mitigate the necessity of procuring grid power at high electricity prices.

The Proper Landau–Ginzburg Potential, Intrinsic Mirror Symmetry and the Relative Mirror Map

Given a smooth log Calabi–Yau pair (X, D), we use the intrinsic mirror symmetry construction to define the mirror proper Landau–Ginzburg potential and show that it is a generating function of two-point relative Gromov–Witten invariants of (X, D). We compute certain relative invariants with several negative contact orders, and then apply the relative mirror theorem of Fan et al. (Sel Math (NS) 25(4): Art. 54, 25, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00029-019-0501-z) to compute two-point relative invariants. When D is nef, we compute the proper Landau–Ginzburg potential and show that it is the inverse of the relative mirror map. Specializing to the case of a toric variety X, this implies the conjecture of m Gräfnitz et al. (2022) that the proper Landau–Ginzburg potential is the open mirror map. When X is a Fano variety, the proper potential is related to the anti-derivative of the regularized quantum period.

City composition and accessibility statistics in and around Paris.

Is Paris a 15-min city, where inhabitants can access essential amenities such as schools and shops with a 15-min walk or bike ride? The concept of a 15-min (more generally, X-minute) city was launched in the French capital and was part of the current mayor's plan in her latest re-election campaign. Yet, its fit with the existing urban structure had not been previously assessed. This article combines open map data from a large participatory project and geo-localized socio-economic data from official statistics to fill this gap. We show that, while the city of Paris is rather homogeneous, it is nonetheless characterized by remarkable inequalities between a highly accessible city center (though with some internal differences in terms of types of amenities) and a less well-equipped periphery, where lower-income neighborhoods are more often found. The heterogeneity increases if we consider Paris together with its immediate surroundings, the "Petite Couronne," where large numbers of daily commuters and other users of city facilities live. We thus conclude that successful implementation of the X-minute-city concept requires addressing existing socio-economic inequalities, and that especially in big cities, it should be extended beyond the narrow boundaries of the municipality itself to encompass the larger area around it.

On open maps and related functions over the Salbany compactification

On open maps and related functions over the Salbany compactification

New soft operators related to supra soft $ \delta_i $-open sets and applications

<abstract><p>This project aimed to introduce the notion of supra soft $ \delta_i $-open sets in supra soft topological spaces. Also, we declared the differences between the new concept and other old generalizations. We presented new operators such as supra soft $ \delta_i $-interior, supra soft $ \delta_i $-closure, supra soft $ \delta_i $-boundary and supra soft $ \delta_i $-cluster. We found out many deviations to our new operators; to name a few: If $ int^s_{\delta_i}(F, E) = (F, E) $, then it doesn't imply that $ (F, E) \in SOS_{\delta_i}(X) $. Furthermore, we applied this notion to define new kinds of mappings, like supra soft $ \delta_i $-continuous mappings, supra soft $ \delta_i $-irresolute mappings, supra soft $ \delta_i $-open mappings and supra soft $ \delta_i $-closed mappings. We studied their main properties in special to distinguish between our new notions and the previous generalizations. It has been pointed out in this work that many famous previous studies have been investigated here; in fact, I believe that this is an extra justification for the work included in this manuscript.</p></abstract>

Functor of Idempotent Probability Measures with Compact Support and Open Mappings

Functor of Idempotent Probability Measures with Compact Support and Open Mappings

Currículos e alfabetização: entre códigos, desvios e experimentação

ABSTRACT This text is an invitation to join a cartography held during a master’s degree research problematizing the macro policies of curriculum centralization and education regulation, which aim to standardize curricular movements in everyday school life. In the relationship between macro/micro policies, the text presents the statements of teachers and children in conversation networks about the curricular experiences produced amidst the hard lines of literacy policies. These flexible and escaping lines cross the school daily life, in movements that agency life processes, an open and susceptible map to question the effects that literacy, curricula, school and learning concepts can produce in educational processes. The text dialogues with Deleuze and Guattari to think education from an invention perspective and argue that, within the fissures of macro politics, it is possible to create curricular movements intertwined with art signs through experimentation as resistance to reproduction attempts. It concludes (always open to new experiments) that, in everyday school life, between forms and forces, there are life-affirming collective curricular movements in an exercise of thought that opens up to the new, the unthinkable, splitting postulates and inventing other ways of existing, with art.