Ontology Description Language Research Articles

A Semantic Matching Method of E-Government Information Resources Knowledge Fusion Service Driven by User Decisions

This study focuses on the knowledge fusion model of e-government information resources that supports user decision-making information needs, it discusses the user decision-making information needs model, the knowledge fusion service model, and the relationship between them. The inter-layer mapping matching mechanism realizes the ultimate value of knowledge fusion. Therefore, this paper analyses and studies the mapping mechanism between the user information demand model and the knowledge fusion service model. A semantic, similarity-based knowledge fusion service matching method for e-government information resources is proposed to address the problem of lack of semantics in traditional web service matching methods. This method uses the ontology description language OWL-S to map information requirement documents of user decisions and knowledge fusion service function documents into an ontology tree structure. The authors then use this as the basis to calculate the concept similarity and relationship similarity measures, and the service matching based on semantic similarity can be realized.

Knowledge Modeling of Airborne Missile Management System Based on Multi-dimensional Fuzzy Ontology

Health management system of airborne missiles has a large amount and variety of knowledge, but such technical documents are lack of effective management in the knowledge level. According to the technical characteristics of knowledge in the field of airborne missile health management, a HTA analysis model (Hierarchy, time, and activity analysis model) based on multi-dimensional fuzzy ontology in the health management field of airborne missiles is constructed, and ontology description language OWL is introduced to express knowledge. It provides a theoretical and methodological basis for the dynamic management of health knowledge in the field of condition monitoring, prediction and evaluation, fault diagnosis, technical service.

Building Subject Domain Ontology on the Base of a Logical Data Mod

The technology of automated construction of the subject domain ontology, based on information extracted from the comments of the TATNEFT oil company relational databases, is considered. The technology is based on building a converter (compiler) translating the logical data model of Epicenter Petrotechnical Open Software Corporation (POSC), presented in the form of ER diagrams and a set of the EXPRESS object-oriented language descriptions, into the OWL ontology description language, recommended by the W3C consortium. The basic syntactic and semantic aspects of the transformation are described.

AXIOMATIC-DEDUCTIVE STRATEGY FOR IT DISCIPLINE CONTENT FORMATION

The paper presents the axiomatic-deductive strategy of organizing the content of an academic discipline with the help of ontological approach in the e-learning systems in the field of information technologies. The authors have taken into account that the necessary property of the system of axiomatic statements is their consistency. On the basis of axiomatic-deductive strategy, new approaches to the formation of the discipline content are proposed. It is proved that the system of true statements of an academic discipline is based on its terminology-conceptual apparatus, in particular, axiomatic statements. The developed mathematical structures that describe the axiomatic-deductive substrategy of the organization of the academic discipline general statements and the taxonomically oriented substrategy of the deployment of the academic discipline content are presented in the article. This ensures the transition from the content form of representation of the set of statements of the academic discipline to its presentation by means of artificial languages of mathematical logic. The use of descriptive logic ensures the formalization of the procedure for displaying an axiomatic informal system in an axiomatic formal system. The mathematical structures describe and detail the abstract logical-semantic core of the academic discipline in the form of a group of axiomatic systems. It is noted that the basic core of the content of academic discipline contains its basic concepts and judgments. This ensures a strictly logical transition from abstract general concepts and statements to the concepts and assertions of the lower level of universality and abstraction. It is noted that in order to accommodate the content of an academic discipline is advisable to develop a taxonomically oriented sub-strategy based on the multiple application of operations of general concept division. The mathematical structures allow for analysis of a generalized structure of interactions between the verbal level of the description of the academic discipline subject area, the formal level of description of the subject area and the description of the subject area at the level of computer ontology, which is implemented through the formalization, interpretation, encoding and decoding in the computer-ontology development environment. As an example of the application of the proposed axiomatic-deductive strategy, the elements of the glossary and taxonomies of the concepts of the discipline "Computer Logic", which are embodied in the Protégé environment with the help of OWL ontology description language have been developed.

Evaluation of domain ontology requirements in e-tutor framework

The domain module within Intelligent Tutoring Systems is used to describe the course topics including the knowledge units and competencies. Ontology is a good solution for knowledge management as it can provide a standardized way and a reasoning engine for the related knowledge management tasks. In this paper, we analyze the functionality of the usual OWL-based ontology construction and set the main requirements to enhance the usability of the ontology knowledge modelling language. Based on these shortcomings, we set the main requirements against an efficient ITS domain ontology description language. This language should be based on simplified Manchester syntax and it should contain additional structural elements too.

Research on Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Portable ATE Based on Ontology

Aiming at the problems of low diagnostic efficiency and bad knowledge sharing of portable ATE (automatic test equipment), an intelligent fault diagnosis method based on ontology is put forward. Firstly, FMECA results of guiding system are regarded as knowledge source. The ontology model is constructed by OWL ontology description language to map between fault modes and fault causes. Then rule language S WRL is used to describe rules of ontology and build the relationship of classes, properties and instances. Finally, Racer reasoning engine is used for fault diagnosis, and fault diagnosis priority is received. Reasoning results show the priority of the most possible fault location and its weight in all of probable fault position. This method can solve the problems of difficulty of knowledge representation, lack of auto semantic reasoning of portable ATE effectively.

OntoPilot: New Software to Simplify and Accelerate Ontology Development and Deployment

Ontologies (formal descriptions of the concepts and relationships that can exist in knowledge domains) provide the conceptual foundations for modern knowledge representation systems and knowledge bases, and they are a core component of automated reasoning pipelines that infer new facts from existing data. Although a variety of software tools are available for authoring and manipulating ontologies, ontology development remains a technically demanding, time consuming, and often tedious task. In this talk, I will introduce OntoPilot, new software that endeavors to at least partially replace the current patchwork of disparate ontology development tools with a single, unified development framework that is easy to learn and requires minimal knowledge of the technical details of ontology description languages. OntoPilot uses familiar tabular document formats (e.g., spreadsheets) as ontology "source code", which means that domain experts without detailed knowledge of ontology-related technologies can still directly participate in the development process. OntoPilot supports a complete ontology development workflow, including reusing terms from external ontologies, defining new terms, managing releases, and generating end-user documentation. Furthermore, OntoPilot makes it easy to build inference pipelines that use ontologies to generate novel insights from existing data. OntoPilot is open-source software, supports all major operating systems, and is freely available at https://github.com/stuckyb/ontopilot/.

Research on the Rough Extension of Ontology Description Language of SWRL

Although ontology has strong ability to express knowledge, it is difficult to express uncertain or imprecise information using the language of ontology. In order to improve the ability to express uncertain information, this paper extends the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) and gives the extension of reasoning rules. According to the rough ontology and the rules of SWRL, it updates the knowledge base. Firstly, the concept of rough ontology and the extension of rough relationship of ontology are put forward; secondly, it gives the extension method for concepts, relationships, axioms, examples, and rules of SWRL. Finally, a psychological counseling case shows that the method can well express the uncertainty of knowledge, and it is able to well express the reasoning rules.

Research on XBRL Domain Ontology Construction

XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) as an application of XML (eXtensible Markup Language) technology in the field of business reporting, uses information technology to add tags for the financial reporting metadata, to achieve unstructured data processing effectively. At first, this paper analyzes the XBRL technology framework, finds out the concepts and relationships between them, and accordingly designs the XBRL domain ontology model, then based on the model we have proposed, we choose OWL DL ontology description language and Protege3.4, take balance sheet as an example, and apply the XBRL ontology model to balance sheet to construct the taxonomy and instance, and thereby achieve the implementation of XBRL domain ontology construction. XBRL needs the integration of the accounting, engineering, computer, management and other disciplines, and the future research should be committed to solve the lack of semantic and reasoning mechanism to implement the further promotion and application of XBRL financial reporting.

Ontology description languages for high-tech fields of applied engineering

The main task of ontology description languages is to describe semantics of domain data. Nowadays, ontology is the most common form of representation of semantically-interconnected data. Ontology consists of a set of concepts in a domain and relations between them. In this paper we consider the problems of existing toolkits for creating semantically-interconnected data storages for engineering domains and propose a solution in the form of an ontology. A modern approach to the classification of assets for ontology engineering is presented. The strengths and weaknesses of the approaches described are highlighted. The paper describes problems of structuring data in the engineering domain and the ways they can be solved using ontologies. A brief review of the common ontology description languages is given. Examples of the applied ontological approach in the database creation in the airspace engineering domain are presented. XML and HTML are highlighted as the most widespread languages in the description of subject areas in modern information systems. The OWL ontology description language is described in detail as the most promising ontology description language recommended by the W3C. Varieties of the OWL language are described in terms of their applicability to solving various problems of describing engineering domains taking into account the limitations of descriptive ability and complexity of the syntax of each version. Examples of the use of the OWL language in engineering domains are given.

Ontology-Based Interpretation of Natural Language Philipp Cimiano, Christina Unger, and John McCrae (University of Arminia Bielefeld, Germany) Morgan & Claypool, Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies, March 2014, 178 pages, (doi:10.2200/S00561ED1V01Y201401HLT024) , $45.00

<b>Ontology-Based Interpretation of Natural Language</b> <b>Philipp Cimiano, Christina Unger, and John McCrae</b> (University of Arminia Bielefeld, Germany) Morgan &amp; Claypool, Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies, March 2014, 178 pages, (doi:10.2200/S00561ED1V01Y201401HLT024) , $45.00

A Realist Framework for Ontologies and the Semantic Web

The realist approach in Ontology Engineering speaks about representing concepts in reality that science wants to uncover. An intelligent system is highly compatible with all, if it is largely consistent, high degree integrated and having minimum redundancy to represent the stored data and knowledge. This paper discusses the representation of elements of realist ontologies by the syntactical categories of an ontology description language, namely the Extended Hierarchical Censored Production Rule (EHCPRs) framework. The EHCPR specification is quite close to the representation of entities in the real world. The representational units in the EHCPRs ontology map one by one to the realist framework. After providing the suitability of EHCPRs Ontology Language for representing realist ontologies, a mapping is provided from the widely-used Web Ontology Language (OWL) into the EHCPRs Ontology Language. This will prove as an important milestone towards constructing instrumental knowledge bases among the Semantic Web communities.

Construction, Assessment and Applications of Biomedical Ontologies

This review first introduces the concept and essential characteristics of ontology, and presents the general construction and evaluation methodology of domain ontology. Several examples illustrate the applications of biomedical ontologies in biological data annotation, enrichment analysis, data integration, database and library construction, text mining and other aspects. The current commonly used biomedical ontology databases, ontology description languages and editing softwares are also summarized. Finally, we discuss some common problems in the establishment and application of biomedical ontologies, and provide a few suggestions for future developments of this filed.

Ontology-based data access systems

Studies aimed at ensuring semantic access to databases have a long history and originated at early stages of database technology development. Unfortunately, they have not led yet to the creation of widely accepted industrial technologies. In the last decade, the activity of the W3C consortium in the field of Semantic Web and development of standards of the ontology description languages induced a new activity wave in developing tools for systems of semantic access to databases and a new class of database systems, the so-called ontology-based data access (OBDA) systems. In such systems, ontology is used as a conceptual schema of the subject domain and as a basis of the user interface for SQL database systems. Approaches proposed in recent years do not ensure "final" solution of the problem. Nevertheless, ontology description languages were created that make it possible to achieve an acceptable compromise between their expressiveness, which remains sufficient for many applications, and computational complexity of reasoning on ontologies and processing queries to data stored in large databases. Prerequisites have been created for appearance of industrial technologies for development of systems of the above-specified class. In the paper, a survey of recent basic results and developments in this field is presented.

Dynamic context management for pervasive applications

AbstractPervasive computing aims at providing services for human beings that interact with their environment (encompassing objects and people who reside in it). Pervasive computing applications must be able to take into account the context in which users evolve, for example, physical location, social or hierarchical position, current tasks as well as related information. These applications have to deal with the dynamic integration in the environment of new, and sometimes unexpected, elements (users or devices). In turn, the environment has to provide context information to newly designed applications. This requires a framework which is open, dynamic and minimal. We describe an architecture in which context information is distributed in the environment and context managers use semantic Web technologies in order to identify and characterize available resources. The components in the environment maintain their own context expressed in RDF (Resource Description Framework) and described through OWL ontologies. They may communicate this information to other components, obeying a simple protocol for identifying them and determining the information they can provide. We show how this architecture allows introducing new devices and new applications without interrupting what is working. In particular, the openness of ontology description languages makes possible the extension of context descriptions and ontology matching helps dealing with independently developed ontologies.

Inconsistent Ontology Handling by Translating Description Logics into Defeasible Logic Programming

The Semantic Web is a future vision of the web where stored information has exact meaning, thus enabling computers to understand and reason on the basis of such information. Assigning semantics to web resources is addressed by means of ontology definitions which are meant to be written in an ontology description language such as OWL-DL that is based on so-called Description Logics (DL). Although ontology definitions expressed in DL can be processed with existing DL reasoners, such DL reasoners are incapable of dealing with inconsistent ontology definitions. Previous research has determined that a subset of DL can be eectively translated into an equivalent subset of logic programming. We propose a method for dealing with inconsistent ontology definitions in the Semantic Web. Our proposal involves mapping DL ontologies into DeLP programs. That is, given an OWL-DL ontologyOOwl, an equivalent DL ontologyODL can be obtained. ProvidedODL satisfies certain restrictions, it can be translated into a DeLP program ODeLP. Therefore, given a query Q w.r.t. OOwl, a dialectical process will be performed to determine if Q is warranted w.r.t.ODeLP.

Interoperability Support between MPEG-7/21 and OWL in DS-MIRF

In this paper, we focus on interoperable semantic multimedia services that are offered in open environments such as the Internet. The use of well-accepted standards is of paramount importance for interoperability support in open environments. In addition, the semantic description of multimedia content utilizing domain ontologies is very useful for indexing, query specification, retrieval, filtering, user Interfaces, and knowledge extraction from audiovisual material. With the MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 standards dominating the multimedia content and service description domain and OWL dominating the ontology description languages, it is important to establish a framework that allows these standards to interoperate. We describe here the DS-MIRF framework, a software engineering framework that facilitates the development of knowledge-based multimedia applications such as multimedia information retrieval, filtering, browsing, interaction, knowledge extraction, segmentation, and content description. DS-MIRF supports interoperability of OWL with the MPEG-7/21 so that domain and application ontologies expressed in OWL can be transparently integrated with MPEG-7/21 metadata. This allows applications that recognize and use the constructs provided by MPEG-7/21 to make use of domain and application ontologies, resulting in more effective retrieval and user interaction with the audiovisual material. We also present a retrieval evaluation methodology and comparative retrieval results

UML 및 OCL을 이용한 서비스 온톨로지 설계 방안에 관한 연구

지능형 웹 서비스는 시맨틱 웹과 에이전트 기술을 통하여 자동적인 서비스의 발견, 호출, 조합 및 상호운영, 실행 감시 및 복구를 수행하기 위한 목적으로 제안되었다. 이러한 지능형 웹 서비스의 목적을 실현하기 위해서는 컴퓨터가 지식을 추론하고 처리할 수 있게 하기 위한 온톨로지가 필수적으로 요구된다. 그러나 현재 지능형 웹 서비스를 위한 서비스 온톨로지의 생성은 서비스 개발자의 휴리스틱에 의존하여 많은 시간과 비용을 소모할 뿐만 아니라 서비스와 서비스 온톨로지간의 완벽한 매핑이 어렵다는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 또한 서비스 온톨로지를 기술하기 위한 마크업 언어를 서비스 개발자가 단기간 내에 학습하기에 많은 어려움이 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 MDA 방법론을 사용하여 서비스 온톨로지를 효율적으로 설계 및 생성하기 위한 방안을 제안한다. 우리가 제안하는 방안은 MDA를 기반으로 UML을 사용하여 웹 서비스 모델을 설계하고 구축하는 과정에서 생성되는 모델을 재사용 한다. 즉, 플랫폼 독립적인 웹 서비스 모델을 서비스 온톨로지 기술 언어인 OWL-S에 종속적인 모델로 변환한 후 XMI를 통해 OWL-S 서비스 온톨로지로 변환한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방안은 이미 널리 사용되는 UML과 같은 소프트웨어 공학적 방법을 사용하기 때문에 서비스 개발자들이 쉽게 서비스 온톨로지를 구축할 수 있으며 하나의 모델로부터 서비스와 서비스 온톨로지 모델을 동시에 이끌어 낼 수 있는 장점을 가진다. 또한 모델로부터 자동적으로 서비스 온톨로지를 생성함으로써 시간과 비용을 절감할 수 있는 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 그리고 플랫폼 변화와 같은 외부 환경 변화에 유연하게 대처할 수 있다. 끝으로 본 논문에서는 제안된 방안의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 실제로 웹 서비스 모델을 설계하고 서비스 온톨로지를 생성하는 예를 보인다. 또한 생성된 서비스 온톨로지가 올바르게 생성되었는지를 유효성 검사를 통해 검증한다. The Intelligent Web Service is proposed for the purpose of automatic discovery, invocation, composition, inter-operation, execution monitoring and recovery web service through the Semantic Web and the Agent technology. To accomplish this Intelligent Web Service, the Ontology is a necessity for reasoning and processing the knowledge by the computer. However, creating service ontology, for the intelligent web service, has two problems not only consuming a lot of time and cost depended on heuristic of service developer, but also being hard to be mapping completely between service and service ontology. Moreover, the markup language to describe the service ontology is currently hard to be learned by the service developer In a short time. This paper proposes the efficient way of designing and creating the service ontology using MDA methodology. This proposed solution reuses the creating model in terms of desiEninE and constructing Web Service Model using UML based on MDA. After converting the Platform-Independent Web Service Model to the dependent model of OWL-S which is a Service Ontology description language, it converts to OWL-S Service Ontology using XMI. This proposed solution has profits, oneis able to be easily constructed the Service Ontology by Service Developers, the other is enable to be created the both service and Service Ontology from one model. Moreover, it can be effective to reduce the time and cost as creating Service Ontology automatically from a model, and calmly dealt with a change of outer environment like as the platform change. This paper cites an instance for the validity of designing Web Service model and creating the Service Ontology, and validates whether the created Service Ontology is valid or not.

Ontology based semantic conflicts resolution in collaborative editing of design documents

Semantic conflicts happen frequently during collaborative editing of design documents. The problem of semantic consistency of words and the maintenance of users' editing intentions are the two major challenges when resolving those semantic conflicts. Based on WordNet this paper presents an ontology description language—FLoDL and introduces it to describe the global ontology library (GOL) and the individual ontology library (IOL) in collaborative editing. By this means, we reconstruct the architecture of collaborative editing and propose a mixed peer-to-peer structured semantic collaborative editing architecture. Then a new algorithm for inserting operations, from which semantic conflicts are often caused, is designed to solve the problem of semantic consistency of words. Moreover, by adding users' individualized semantic information into their IOL, we provide the users with individualized services and successfully maintain users' editing intensions. Finally, through some detailed experiments, we perform a compared analysis to show that semantic collaborative editing not only keeps smaller clients (less storage space) but also localizes many editing operations and thereby improves the performance of collaborative editing.