Online Information Systems Research Articles

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR UNIVERSITY STAFF UNION

The Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) in Nigerian public universities has long championed the welfare and interests of academic staff. However, operational inefficiencies stemming from manual processes hinder its effectiveness in addressing contemporary challenges. This inefficiency hampers ASUU’s effectiveness and limits its ability to interact efficiently with its members and stakeholders. Therefore, this study proposes that the ASUU Web-Based Information System (AWBIS) should modernize data management, communication, and decision-making within the union. Drawing on related work in online information systems across various sectors, the methodology involves requirements gathering, leading to the development and implementation of AWBIS. Leveraging development technologies, AWBIS offers modules for member management, communication, event organization, and biometric attendance. This project uses the waterfall model approach to developing software as the research methodology. The data collection techniques include interviews and questionnaires. The AWBIS enables various operations to be performed online, consisting of registering members by the admin, logging members, and allowing members to manage their profiles. The system also provides a login page for both members and admins, each with their own username and password. A secure and accessible database for storing memberprofiles, academic information, and other relevant data was created. The successful implementation of AWBIS will significantly streamline ASUU’s operations, resulting in improved communication, reduced administrative burden, and enhanced transparency. Members will have access to up-to-date information, and the system will facilitate better coordination of ASUU’s activities. Future enhancements, including financial management, election processes, loan applications, and mobile app development, are suggested to further optimize AWBIS’s functionality and accessibility. AWBIS is a model for leveraging technology to advance organizational efficiency and effectiveness within the education sector.

Data Privacy and Cyber Security in Digital Library Perspective: Safe Guarding User Information Rudrani Saha

In an era the security is very much important/essential for information and knowledge. As Knowledge/information enlarging the need to arrange it and to provide sufficient security become more processing. These study measure libraries to follow different standards, technology and rules to protect user data and ensure privacy when accessing e – resources and other information. Also discussing the importance of cyber security in the digital library landscape. Also different challenges associated with safe guarding sensitive information within library e - resources. It explores various dimensions of data privacy, user confidentiality, data encryption, access control and compliance with privacy regulations. By addressing these challenges comprehensively, libraries can ensure the preservation of user privacy while maximizing the benefits of digital resources in today’s information centric landscape. In October 2023 Rhysida, a hacker group, attacked the online information systems of the British Library. So, Data Privacy and cybersecurity is most important for Digital Library. Keywords: Data Privacy, Library e-Resources, Cyber security, Confidentiality, Access Control, Compliance, Ethical Considerations, Best Practices.

From information access to production: New perspectives on addressing information inequity in our digital information ecosystem

AbstractChanges in our informational environment have brought new challenges and opportunities to address systemic issues of information inequity. Thus, when addressing systemic issues of information inequity, it is important to address it not only from the perspective of information access, as it is often considered in information science, but also from the perspective of how information objects are constructed and produced. This essay brings concerns within information science into discussion with journalism studies and critical technology studies to consider: (1) how the production of information, through the case of mainstream journalism, can create information inequity within information representations, and (2) how the dissemination and retrieval of this journalistic information through algorithmically‐mediated online information systems, specifically social media and search platforms, can replicate and reinforce information inequity within a larger information ecosystem. Thus, this essay uses an interdisciplinary lens to suggest new approaches to holistically address information inequity, putting forth a conceptual framework with actionable steps to create a more equitable information ecosystem.

Smart City Information Systems: Research on Information Published for Citizens and Design of Effective Content in the Czech Republic

The concept of Smart Cities integrates innovative technologies to improve citizens’ quality of life in towns and cities worldwide. Crisis management is a separate section directly managed by the leadership of municipalities, cities and counties in cooperation between police, fire and municipal police to ensure the safety of residents and safety in public spaces. The purpose of this study is to investigate to which extent publicly available information related to the field of crisis management is unavailable to residents in municipalities, towns and cities through online information systems. The primary aim is to provide suggestions for a general information system structure and content that would highlight and satisfy the need to address the crisis management issue, especially in providing immediate information to the population through an innovative online form. The achievement of this goal is methodologically based on qualitative research analysing and comparing the information published for residents through Smart City information systems in selected towns and municipalities. Document analysis or conceptual design was applied, and evaluation criteria for objective assessment of Smart City information systems were appropriately determined. The comparative analysis based on this set of criteria enabled the development of the proposals of information systems’ content that can be used to keep the information systems for Smart Cities in cities, municipalities and regions, actual and beneficial. From the available resources, two main modules that focused either on citizens or cities were synthesised. Moreover, SWOT analysis or the Smart Regions Rapid Response structure was derived. Acquired results outline generic structures and contents that support the development of the concept of Smart Cities and can be suitably implemented for the development of the modification of information systems containing relevant information for residents, cities and municipalities, focusing on citizen safety.

Educational data mining in the academic setting: employing the data produced by blended learning to ameliorate the learning process

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce an interactive system that relies on the educational data generated from the online Universities services to assess, correct and ameliorate the learning process for both students and faculty.Design/methodology/approachIn the presented research, data from the online services, provided by a Greek University, prior, during and after the COVID-19 outbreak, are analyzed and utilized in order to ameliorate the offered learning process and provide better quality services to the students. Moreover, according to the learning paths, their presence online and their participation in the services of the University, insights can be derived for their performance, so as to better support and assist them.FindingsThe system can deduce the future learning progression of each student, according to the past and the current performance. As a direct consequence, the exploitation of the data can provide a road map for the strategic planning of universities, can indicate how the learning process can be updated and amended, both online and in person, as well as make the learning experience more essential, effective and efficient for the students and aiding the professors to provide a more meaningful and to-the-point learning experience.Originality/valueNowadays, educational activities in academia are strongly supported by online services, information systems and online educational materials. The learning design in the academic setting is primarily facilitated in the University premises. However, the exploitation of the contemporary technologies and supporting materials that are available online can enrich and transform the educational process and its results.

Think outside the search box: A comparative study of visual and form-based query builders

Knowledge workers such as healthcare information professionals, legal researchers and librarians need to create and execute search strategies that are comprehensive, transparent and reproducible. The traditional solution is to use proprietary query-building tools provided by literature database vendors. In the majority of cases, these query builders are designed using a form-based paradigm that requires the user to enter keywords and ontology terms on a line-by-line basis and then combine them using Boolean operators. However, recent years have witnessed significant changes in human–computer interaction technologies, and users can now engage with online information systems using a variety of novel data visualisation techniques. In this article, we evaluate a new approach to query building in which users express concepts as objects on a visual canvas and compare this with a traditional form-based query builder in a laboratory-based user study. The results demonstrate the potential of visual interfaces to mitigate some of the shortcomings associated with form-based interfaces and encourage more exploratory search behaviour. They also demonstrate the value of having a temporary ‘scratch’ space in query formulation. In addition, the findings highlight an ongoing need for transparency and reproducibility in professional search and raise further questions about how these properties may best be supported.

Website-Based Clinic Queue Information System

<p><strong>One of the computer-based information systems is a website. Along with the development of technology, the website has become a fast way for people to get information and is also easily accessible. Dissemination or delivery of information carried out on online information systems can be accessed by anyone and anywhere with the condition that they are connected to the internet network. The purpose of this research is that people no longer need to go back and forth just to take the clinic queue number. The development methodology used is the SDLC (System Develop Life Cycle) method with the waterfall process model until the testing stage. The programming language used is PHP and the database uses MySQL. The expected result is to make the registration process easier, from initially having to queue first to register, then now being able to register through the website without having to go back and forth to the clinic just to queue to register.</strong></p>

Inheritance Sharing Expert System

<p>One of the computer-based information systems is a website, usually this web information system is in offline or online form. Dissemination or delivery of information carried out on online information systems can be accessed by anyone and anywhere with the provision that they must have an internet connection. The purpose of this study is to provide a solution through the study of several theories and observations in the design of a web-based inheritance distribution expert system. The author uses the forward chaining method in designing an expert system. The application development methodology that I use is the ESDLC (Expert System Develop Life Cycle) method. The expected result of this research is the creation of an application design that can simplify the process of calculating inheritance in accordance with Islamic perspective because inheritance is often crucial which sometimes triggers disputes and causes rifts in family relationships and crime. Therefore we need an expert system that can assist in performing calculations.</p>

Building Networks to Promote Knowledge of Brazil’s Biodiversity: The experience of the INCT - Virtual Herbarium

The Botanical Society of Brazil (SBB) for many years discussed the need to improve the nation’s herbarium collections, by providing training and educating botanists as specialists in plant and fungal taxonomy. It was in this context that an audacious project was developed, which envisaged personnel training for studies in plant and fungal diversity (particularly taxonomy and curation of collections) and the organization and online delivery of the label data of plant and fungal specimens from the herbaria of Brazil - the National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) Virtual Herbarium. The INCT-Virtual Herbarium had the benefit of the expertise from existing initiatives which, when brought together, made its development possible within a short period of time. These initiatives included: the Herbaria Network of SBB; the Herbarium Network of the Northeast; the Brazilian National Research and Education Network (RNP); and the Reference Center for Environmental Information (CRIA), responsible for the development and maintenance of the speciesLink Network. When it began in 2009, the INCT-Virtual Herbarium brought together 25 Brazilian herbaria sharing 48 plant and fungal databases online (one herbarium can share more than one data set, e.g., plants, fungi, carpological collection), and two US herbaria. Today, the network includes 140 Brazilian herbaria and 25 herbaria from other countries, which hold collections originating from Brazil, thus creating a national virtual herbarium with 190 data sets, sharing over 11 million data records and over 4.5 million associated images. The INCT-Virtual Herbarium is not only a data aggregator, but also an active and integrated community with common objectives such as: free sharing of good quality data; fomenting the important role of herbaria in documenting knowledge of the flora and funga, training, and developing tools and systems to improve data quality and in identifying data and knowledge gaps to help plan new collecting expeditions. The INCT-Virtual Herbarium chose to adopt a collegiate management model, led by a Management Committee of six members from different institutions, together with coordinators of the following subject areas: flowering plant taxonomy, taxonomy of cryptogams, personnel training, liaison with herbaria, product research, and online information systems. A variety of indicators and applications were developed to make online monitoring of activities viable and these are all freely available to anyone interested. Not only the Management Committee but also each partner herbarium can follow the evolution of the INCT, as well as that of each herbarium, in qualitative and quantitative terms. Besides the scientific community, the INCT reaches the general public and decision-makers, providing information that has improved the understanding of preservation and conservation of Brazil’s biological heritage, represented by the botanical and mycological collections. The INCT Virtual Herbarium adopted the speciesLink platform as the basis for its information system. This platform began its development in 2001 with support from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), and in 2008 was the only network in Brazil with national scope and international recognition. Some initial decisions on the architecture of the network, which would serve the INCT-Virtual Herbarium were fundamental to its success: the use of international standards and protocols; the concept of minimum interference with the collections, where each data provider could retain sensitive data, having full control of its data; the acceptance of the data without a quality filter, as the network has important tools to identify errors; any changes or corrections are made only by those responsible for the curation of the data; recognition and credit awarded to each and every participant. The speciesLink network uses the Darwin Core data standard (Wieczorek et al. 2012) and participated actively with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and other networks in developing the DiGIR protocol (Distributed Generic Information Retrieval) and its later evolution the TAPIR protocol (TDWG Access Protocol for Information Retrieval). The use of these standards and protocols facilitated the process of repatriating collection data of Brazilian material deposited in herbaria in other countries. In 2015 the INCT Virtual Herbarium started to transfer its data sets to GBIF and SiBBr, the Brazilian Biodiversity Information System and the Brazilian node of GBIF. These data sets are updated every month, but their updating in SiBBr and GBIF depends on indexing actions of these networks. The development of the INCT-Virtual Herbarium network has shown that a large community of widely dispersed scientists can work together around an important objective, providing Brazil's biodiversity data, and benefiting the whole community.

Features Selection as a Nash-Bargaining Solution: Applications in Online Advertising and Information Systems

Feature selection is a fundamental problem in online advertising, as features usually need to be purchased from third parties, and they are costly. Although many feature selection techniques can be used in online advertising and the general information systems (IS) domain, their performance is often context specific. Therefore, the literature of IS is suffering from a lack of adequate and generic methods. In this study, we address this issue by proposing a novel approach that employs ideas from the field of cooperative game theory. We derive a (continuous) second-order cone program that any convex programming solver can solve for determining the best subset of features. We show the efficacy of our proposed method on a real-life online advertising case study. We demonstrate that our proposed approach performs better in accuracy, precision, recall, and F-1 score than the best of the other approaches with much fewer features. Also, to illustrate that our method’s benefits are not limited to the context of online advertising, we perform an extensive set of simulations and consider a well-established real-life data set drawn from the UCI Machine Learning Repository at the University of California, Irvine. Summary of Contribution: Selecting the best subset of features is an important problem in the context of online advertising and, more broadly, in the field of information systems because firms usually need to buy costly data to model and forecast economic outcomes. In this study, we propose a novel methodology for addressing this problem. The proposed method employs the concept of the Nash bargaining solution in cooperative game theory to create a good balance between maximizing the fit while minimizing the noise when selecting the best subset of features. We apply the method to a real-life online advertising case study, providing superior performance in predicting and interpreting the features. Moreover, we show that the proposed method applies to a broader range of feature selection problems. We conduct a comprehensive computational study on simulated regression data sets and other real-life classification data sets widely available in the machine learning domain. The result of these efforts indicates that our method is robust in terms of prediction accuracy by outperforming several state-of-the-art techniques.

Challenges for Marine Ecological Assessments: Completeness of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable Biodiversity Data in European Seas

The ongoing contemporary biodiversity crisis may result in much of ocean’s biodiversity to be lost or deeply modified without even being known. As the climate and anthropogenic-related impacts on marine systems accelerate, biodiversity knowledge integration is urgently required to evaluate and monitor marine ecosystems and to support suitable responses to underpin a sustainable future. The Census of Marine Life (CoML, 2000–2010) was the largest global research program on marine biodiversity. A decade after, and coinciding with the steep increase of digitalization of our society, we review existing findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR) biodiversity data coming from one of the most reliable online information systems: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). We evaluate the completeness of available datasets with respect to the CoML benchmark, along with progresses in understanding spatial–temporal patterns of marine biodiversity in the European Seas in the last decades. Overall, we observe severe biases in available biodiversity data toward the north-western marine regions (particularly around the United Kingdom and the North Sea), the most recent years (with a peak in the number of reported occurrences in the 2010s) and the most conspicuous, abundant, and likely “appealing” taxa (e.g., crustaceans, echinoderms or fish). These biases may hamper research applications, but also global-scale data needs and integrative assessments required to support cost-effective progresses toward global biodiversity conservation. National to international joint efforts aimed at enhancing data acquisition and mobilization from poorly known regions, periods, and taxa are desirable if we aim to address these potential biases for the effective monitoring of marine ecosystems and the evaluation of ongoing impacts on biogeographic patterns and ecosystem functioning and services.

Sistem Informasi Penjualan Online di Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas (Tokounika) Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Feature Driven Development

The development of the field of information technology is very rapid, therefore many companies, industries, shops and other business entities are using information systems to increase their business. Online sales information systems are used to carry out business processes such as distribution, sales, purchasing, marketing of goods or services by using communication networks and the internet. Online sales information systems can help people who do not have a place or shop to carry out their business. Students in this case, especially at the Catholic University of Santo Thomas, are an opportunity to take advantage of this facility in carrying out their business, especially if they do not have a place or shop to carry out their business. For this reason, an online sales information system was built that can be accessed through the website.

Forecasting Technology Trends through the Gap Between Science and Technology: The Case of Software as an E-Commerce Service

Identifying technology trends can be a key success factor for companies to be competitive and take advantage of technological trends before they occur. The companies always work to plan for future products and services. For that, it is important to turn to methods that are used for technology forecasting. These tools help the companies to define potential markets for innovative new products and services. This paper uses text mining techniques along with expert judgment to detect and analyze the near-term technology evolution trends in a Software as a Service (SaaS) case study. The longer-term technology development trend in this case is forecasted by analyzing the gaps between science and technology. This paper contributes to the technology forecasting methodology and will be of interest to those in SaaS technology. Our findings reveal five trends in the technology: 1) virtual networking, 2) the hybrid cloud, 3) modeling methodologies, 4) mobile applications, and 5) web applications. Among the results achieved, we can summarize the interesting ones as follows: it is possible to say that traditional information systems are now evolving into online information systems. On the other hand, the use of a licensing model based on subscriptions triggers the change in perpetual licensing models. The product range that has evolved towards mobile technologies has put pressure on information storage technologies and has led to the search for new methods especially in the development of database systems.

Decision support system for mapping SMEs batik Bangkalan facing industry 4.0 using SMART method

There are many criteria and alternatives in determining recommendations and mapping of SMEs, so a decision-making method is needed. The SMART method is a multi-criteria decision-making technique where each alternative consists of number criteria that have values and describes how important the criteria are compared to other criteria. This weighting is used to assess each alternative in order to obtain the best alternative. Industry 4.0 criteria used are owner education, production results, information technology certified employees, having a marketplace, online payment facilities, online marketing media, e-commerce systems and information systems for SMEs. The purpose of this study is to map SMEs in Bangkalan into 4 levels in order to carry out work programs in the face of the 4.0 industrial revolution using the adaptive SMART method. The results of this study are 35% entered the mature readiness stage of Industry 4.0, 28% entered the early readiness stage and 37% entered the intermediate readiness stage readiness stage. Accuracy results the feasibility of the system by the SMEs cooperative office and SME players was 91.15 %.

Comparison of Security Signing Data Authentication Integrity in Combination of Digest And AES Message Algorithm

Online information systems with the Single Sign-On (SSO) model are currently widely used by many companies. Single Sign-On (SSO) is an independent authentication model. This system runs on the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) protocol. Sending data or information without security is at risk of eavesdropping on information by the authorities. This study aims to compare the combination of Message-Digest and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithms to improve data security by modifying dynamic keys. The test results show that in each execution the user name and password with the MD5 algorithm are always the same while in the AES algorithm the results are always different so it is safe from replay attacks. So that the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm can secure data through the Single-Sign-On authentication process with high-security accuracy.

Narrative Maps

Narratives are fundamental to our perception of the world and are pervasive in all activities that involve the representation of events in time. Yet, modern online information systems do not incorporate narratives in their representation of events occurring over time. This article aims to bridge this gap, combining the theory of narrative representations with the data from modern online systems. We make three key contributions: a theory-driven computational representation of narratives, a novel extraction algorithm to obtain these representations from data, and an evaluation of our approach. In particular, given the effectiveness of visual metaphors, we employ a route map metaphor to design a narrative map representation. The narrative map representation illustrates the events and stories in the narrative as a series of landmarks and routes on the map. Each element of our representation is backed by a corresponding element from formal narrative theory, thus providing a solid theoretical background to our method. Our approach extracts the underlying graph structure of the narrative map using a novel optimization technique focused on maximizing coherence while respecting structural and coverage constraints. We showcase the effectiveness of our approach by performing a user evaluation to assess the quality of the representation, metaphor, and visualization. Evaluation results indicate that the Narrative Map representation is a powerful method to communicate complex narratives to individuals. Our findings have implications for intelligence analysts, computational journalists, and misinformation researchers.

Mitigating the Adverse Effect of Monetary Incentives on Voluntary Contributions Online

ABSTRACT Numerous online information systems (e.g., question and answer [Q&A] forums, citizen science communities, and review websites) rely heavily on volunteer contributions. Managers have used monetary incentives to induce individuals to increase their contribution level. However, monetary incentives could also generate adverse effects, which could dampen individuals’ intrinsic motivation and lead to lower contribution quality when incentives are small. To address this issue, we propose two intervention strategies, goal-setting and challenge-seeking, and conduct a series of randomized experiments. We find that small monetary incentives, when combined with the appropriate intervention strategies, can motivate users to increase contribution quantity while simultaneously sustaining high quality. Thus, integrating such intervention strategies with small incentives can be a cost-effective way to encourage voluntary contributions. Our research contributes to the literature on incentive provision and provides theoretical and practical implications for platforms relying on voluntary contributions.

Evaluation of Attackers’ Skill Levels in Multi-Stage Attacks

The rapid move to digitalization and usage of online information systems brings new and evolving threats that organizations must protect themselves from and respond to. Monitoring an organization’s network for malicious activity has become a standard practice together with event and log collection from network hosts. Security operation centers deal with a growing number of alerts raised by intrusion detection systems that process the collected data and monitor networks. The alerts must be processed so that the relevant stakeholders can make informed decisions when responding to situations. Correlation of alerts into more expressive intrusion scenarios is an important tool in reducing false-positive and noisy alerts. In this paper, we propose correlation rules for identifying multi-stage attacks. Another contribution of this paper is a methodology for inferring from an alert the values needed to evaluate the attack in terms of the attacker’s skill level. We present our results on the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 data set.

In the black: Information harmonisation and educational potential amongst international databases for invasive alien species designated as of Union Concern

Since 2016, the European Union (EU) has required Member States to prevent, control and eradicate selected invasive alien species (IAS) designated as Species of Union Concern. To improve these conservation efforts, online information systems are used to convey IAS information to the wider public, often as a means to bolster community-based environmental monitoring. Despite this, both the conformity and quality of information presented amongst online databases remain poorly understood. Here, we assess the harmonisation and educational potential of four major IAS databases (i.e., conformity of information and information quality, respectively): CABI, EASIN, GISD and NOBANIS. All databases were interrogated for information concerning 49 IAS of Union Concern. For each species, information presented within the evaluated databases was scored in relation to several key topics: morphological identification; EU distribution; detrimental impacts; control options; and the use of source material citations. Overall, scores differed significantly among databases and thus lacked harmonisation, whereby CABI ranked significantly highest based on the combined scores for all topics. In addition, CABI ranked highest for the individual topics of species identification, impacts, control options, and for the use of citations. EASIN ranked highest for species distribution data. NOBANIS consistently ranked as the lowest scoring database across all topics. For each topic, the highest scoring databases achieved scores indicative of detailed or highly detailed information, which suggests a high educational potential for the information portrayed. Nevertheless, the extent of harmonisation and quality of information presented amongst online databases should be improved. This is especially pertinent if online databases are to contribute to public participatory monitoring initiatives for IAS detection.

The Systems Approach to Teaching Business Associations

The systems approach is an application of systems analysis to law. Over the past twenty-five years it has proven highly successful in both teaching and legal scholarship. This Article explains the authors’ application of the systems approach in a new casebook, Business Associations: A Systems Approach (forthcoming, Wolters Kluwer 2020). The systems approach is designed to directly prepare students for the practice of law. It does so by providing students with the information lawyers use to solve clients’ problems and asking the students to solve the problems of hypothetical clients in realistic settings. The approach differs from traditional casebooks in four principal respects. First, it provides information as simply and directly as possible instead of asking students to ferret it out or infer it from cases. Second, it explains the law in the context of the physical systems in which law is employed, including law offices, board rooms, courtrooms, legal documentation, and online voting, entity-registration, and information systems. Third, based on our conclusion that the four main entity types (partnership, corporation, LLC, and limited partnership) all perform the same functions, we have organized the material by function — financing, investor voting, manager voting, investor litigation, investment transfers, etc.— instead of by entity type. Lastly, the systems approach is largely a “flipped classroom” approach. Students learn and apply the material to problems prior to class. Class discussions are an opportunity for students to check their reasoning, reach more sophisticated solutions, and critique the system in light of the issues they encountered.