Online Geographic Information System Research Articles

Development of a methodology for molecular genetic monitoring for the cholera causative agent

Background. The ongoing cholera pandemic determines the relevance of the development and improvement of methods for analysis of data on genome-wide sequencing of the cholera pathogen. This is of particular importance in the light of the challenges of import substitution of foreign products, including software.
 The aim of the study was to develop a methodology for molecular genetic monitoring for the cholera causative agent using online geographic information system (GIS) and analysis with its help of strains isolated in Russia earlier.
 Materials and methods. Data from genome-wide sequencing of 2598 toxigenic (ctxAB+tcpA+) strains of V. cholerae O1 El Tor, both obtained by the authors on the MiSeq (Illumina) platform, and retrieved from the NCBI database were used in the study. The SNP analysis software was developed in the Java and Python programming languages. Cytoscape program was used to visualize the dendrogram. The development of online GIS was carried out using the programming languages HTML, JavaScript and PHP. The freely distributed Leaflet library written in JavaScript was used as the core. Maps obtained from the OpenStreetMap community were used as cartographic data.
 Results and discussion. A universal set of SNPs and software have been developed to analyze the data of genome-wide sequencing of cholera vibrio strains. It was shown that the majority of strains were distributed among several large clusters. The most closely related strains for cholera vibrions isolated in Russia since 2001 have been identified. An online GIS "Molecular genetic monitoring for V. cholerae" has been created, which allows the recognition of closely related strains directly on an electronic map.

SARDIM: uma plataforma de acompanhamento hidrológico em tempo real dos rios da América do Sul

ABSTRACT Due to the frequent occurrence of extreme hydrological events in the South American rivers, this work aims to develop a hydrological monitoring platform open to the public, with a wide and intuitive access, using resources of an online geographic information system, in order to contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of these natural disasters. SARDIM (South America River DIscharge Monitor) has been developed using programming resources in languages such as Python and JavaScript. The data of the platform are derived from results of a continental scale hydrological simulation model (MGB - South America) that uses, among other information, precipitation data from the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) mission and from the MSWEP (Multi-Source Weighted Ensemble Precipitation) product. After a statistical analysis of the model results, the platform is updated daily and operationally, with new data on the flow duration and the return period of river flows, allowing the identification, monitoring and evaluation of the intensity of extreme hydrological events in South America.

Effectiveness of visual communication and collaboration tools for online GIS teaching: using Padlet and Conceptboard

ABSTRACT Geographic information systems (GIS) have become more suitable for online delivery. But teaching GIS online is challenging because, without enough interactions with the instructor or among themselves, students may not understand processes, use critical thinking, and collaborate effectively on a team project. This study aims to evaluate two online visual collaboration tools, Padlet and Conceptboard, in enhancing learner engagement, collaboration, and visual communication in an online GIS course. We analyze 1) usage patterns and their relationship with student performance, 2) students’ opinions on the added values of the tools compared with face-to-face delivery, and 3) students’ qualitative feedback. Student findings show that those tools, particularly Conceptboard, help students get timely help from other students and the instructors, be motivated by participating in discussions and seeing others’ progress, organize and brainstorm project ideas, and summarize and present the final products. The combination of Conceptboard and an online video conference tool is a particularly effective alternative to the face-to-face learning environment. On the other hand, we also found significant challenges with remote teamwork in GIS. The course design incorporating online collaboration tools can provide practical strategies to instructors who teach GIS or similar software online.

R como un SIG: Extracción de datos climáticos de WorldClim

Characterizing sampling sites based on climatic data is a key need for a significant number of professionals working in ‘ ecology. In general terms, so is the use of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) tools. However, accessing the use of available online climatic databases and GIS tools is a challenge. This paper shows how to use R as a GIS to obtain values of climatic variables for geo-referenced sampling sites, using the WorldClim database, which contains climatic information for the entire globe. Firstly, there is a description of the WorldClim database. A bibliographic search shows the frequency of use of WorldClim and the topics of study. It is concluded that the use of this database has been increasing over the years, and currently it is massively used. The United States is the country that uses it most frequently. In Argentina, 420 publications cite this database, and the topics that are most frequently addressed are linked to ecology. Secondly, a step-by-step routine for extracting data from WorldCim data base is presented. In addition, the reasons for using R as a GIS are described and an introduction to the management of spatial objects in R is included. Upon completion of the routine, the values ‘ of 19 bioclimatic variables related to precipitation and temperature are obtained for a series of sampling sites and the results are displayed on maps. The routine is also an introduction to the use of R as a GIS. The information presented has direct application for professionals in the field of ecology. The explanations are complemented with graphics so that the material can be included in exercise guides in undergraduate or graduate courses.

Utilization of Online Geographic Information System Learning Media towards Optimizing Geography Learning during the Pandemic Covid-19

This study aims to determine the effect of using online Geographic Information System learning media on student learning outcomes. This research method is a quantitative research with the type of experiment ( Quasy Experiment Design ). The population in this study were all students of class X consisting of X1 and X2 with a total of 62 students. The sample in this study was divided into two groups, namely the experimental group of 33 students and the control group of 29 students. This study uses data collection techniques using tests, interviews, documentation. The results showed that the calculation of the t-test obtained results Tcount = 4.853 with T table = 2.035. This means that Tcount > Ttable that H1 is rejected. Based on the results of the analysis calculation, it can be concluded that there is an influence of Geographic Information System media on student learning outcomes and students who receive learning with Geographic Information Systems media are better than before without using learning media.

A new GIS database documenting the prevalence of U.S. air service development incentives

New air service routes are viewed as an important driver of local and regional economic growth by some communities. In the United States (U.S.), this recognition has led to an increase in: (1) the number of airports offering air service incentive agreements, and (2) the frequency with which new agreements are initiated. Despite the recognized economic importance of air service incentives, and an identified need for a database categorizing U.S. air service incentives, no such database existed. This project fills that gap by compiling a database for all 382 U.S. commercial airports included in the Federal Aviation Administration’s 2017 Terminal Area Forecast and makes it publicly available to other researchers via an online geographic information system (GIS) tool. In this paper, we describe this new database, provide a descriptive analysis of air service incentive agreements in the U.S., and identify topics future research can investigate using our database. It is our hope that this database will serve as a foundation on which to build new research related to air service incentive programs.

'n Model vir 'n aanlyn GIS-vakwoordeboek

A Model for an Online Specialized Dictionary for GIS. As part of a MA study completed at Stellenbosch University, a model for an online specialized dictionary for GIS was developed to address three problems. The first problem is the large number of specialized dictionaries created without the guidance of the theory of lexicography. A dictionary seldom reaches its potential of user-friendliness and accessibility without the guidance of theory of lexicography. One field of study that has this problem is Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Looking at online GIS dictionaries, the second problem is identified: the existing specialized dictionaries for GIS are not sufficient sources for GIS pedagogy in South Africa. The existing dictionaries are not aimed at any specific user. Beginners, semi-experts and experts are all treated the same without taking into account their individualized needs. There is also no specialized dictionary that provides an operational function — all of the dictionaries focus only on text reception. A look at the communicative function of these specialized dictionaries shows the third problem: there is no GIS dictionary that offers translation equivalents in Afrikaans (or any of the other official African languages). This article proposes a model developed with the theory of lexicography that can address the gap in GIS pedagogy in South Africa, as it is intended for beginners and has both an operational and a communicative function. Keywords: specialized dictionaries; theory of lexicography; operational function; communicative function; geographic information systems; specialized lexicography; dictionary model; gis pedagogy; online dictionaries; dictionary conceptualization plan; e-learning environments; hybrid dictionary model

Spatial Visualization of Data on the Antibiotic Resistance of Vibrio cholerae Strains Isolated in Russia

Aim. The aim was to develop an integrated online and updated geographic information system (GIS) for the systematiza tion and analysis of information onV. choleraeEl Tor antibiotic resistance.Material and methods. The method of serial dilutions in a dense nutrient medium (MUK 4.2.2495-09) was used to determine the sensitivity/resistance to 22 antibacterial preparations of V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains isolated from people and from aquatic environmental objects in Russia in 2005–2016. The development of the Internet version of the GIS was carried out using programming languages HTML, JavaScript and PHP and cartographic data obtained from the corporation Rostelecom (Russia) and the community OpenStreetMap.Results. A comparative analysis of the antibiotic resistance of the strains by regions of the Russian Federation and by isolation time showed an increase of strains resistant to streptomycin, ampicillin, rifampicin and furazolidone, the appearance of cultures resistant to nalidixic acid and ceftriaxone, reduced resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in 2012–2016 compared to 2005–2009. In the Stavropol Krai, the isolatedV. choleraeO1 El Tor were characterized by resistance to furazolidone (33.3%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%); in the Primorsky Krai — to ampicillin, streptomycin, rifampicin (7%), furazolidone (43%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%); in the Irkutsk region and Kalmykia, to ampicillin (8.3% and 11%), furazolidone and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (11% and 89%).Conclusion. The GIS developed allows to collect and analyze information on the antibiotic resistance ofV. choleraeO1 El Tor, and to select the strains for given properties.

PolicyMap

PolicyMap is an online geographic information system (GIS) mapping tool that aggregates many types of data for users to create maps and reports for research, grant applications, health policy, market surveys, and other applications. Currently, it incorporates over 37,000 data indicators from more than 150 public and private agencies to power the platform. Although the data are amassed from many different sources, they are cleaned and normalized to reduce redundancy and maintain integrity. In addition to federal, state, and local governments, PolicyMap is used by educational institutions, foundations, nonprofit organizations, and health care systems to help make impactful decisions.

Compeleted Participatory Mapping of Village Based on WebGIS

In order to make the land registration, it’s required the land database information in the form of a basic map that contain information about the land, that has subjects, objects and other information.The development of land database can create the Government Policy that be a National Map as known as One Map Policy.The development of based online Geographic Land Information System Application (WEBGIS) is done by establishing the land database, starting with the preparation of data that be the land that has been given identification number and the collecting the textual data, then combined and forming the land database within the scope of one village. The development of WEBGIS focuses on the development of better spatial data by involving the active role of the village I offices by optimizing the empowerment of youth organization of the village. The community acts as a land data taker or land data information giver using Geojot+ Geotagging based on android and Ios- application. Spatial data and textual data are integrated using the application. The processing Spatial data is using AutoCAD applications, textual data using Geojot Core., and then will be integrated with ARCGIS with the addition of attributes based on Geojot Core data. The Using of WEBGIS Applications for village offices and their usefulness for land and village government offices. The goal is to create better land administration between agencies so will be formed one map policy. And as a consideration in the proposal draft of Village Bill, in order to make transition of land have report to the village officers.

Co-developing climate services for public health: Stakeholder needs and perceptions for the prevention and control of Aedes-transmitted diseases in the Caribbean.

BackgroundSmall island developing states (SIDS) in the Caribbean region are challenged with managing the health outcomes of a changing climate. Health and climate sectors have partnered to co-develop climate services to improve the management of emerging arboviral diseases such as dengue fever, for example, through the development of climate-driven early warning systems. The objective of this study was to identify health and climate stakeholder perceptions and needs in the Caribbean, with respect to the development of climate services for arboviruses.MethodsStakeholders included public decision makers and practitioners from the climate and health sectors at the regional (Caribbean) level and from the countries of Dominica and Barbados. From April to June 2017, we conducted interviews (n = 41), surveys (n = 32), and national workshops with stakeholders. Survey responses were tabulated, and audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative coding to identify responses by research topic, country/region, and sector.ResultsHealth practitioners indicated that their jurisdiction is currently experiencing an increased risk of arboviral diseases associated with climate variability, and most anticipated that this risk will increase in the future. National health sectors reported financial limitations and a lack of technical expertise in geographic information systems (GIS), statistics, and modeling, which constrained their ability to implement climate services for arboviruses. National climate sectors were constrained by a lack of personnel. Stakeholders highlighted the need to strengthen partnerships with the private sector, academia, and civil society. They identified a gap in local research on climate-arbovirus linkages, which constrained the ability of the health sector to make informed decisions. Strategies to strengthen the climate-health partnership included a top-down approach by engaging senior leadership, multi-lateral collaboration agreements, national committees on climate and health, and shared spaces of dialogue. Mechanisms for mainstreaming climate services for health operations to control arboviruses included climatic-health bulletins and an online GIS platform that would allow for regional data sharing and the generation of spatiotemporal epidemic forecasts. Stakeholders identified a 3-month forecast of arboviral illness as the optimal time frame for an epidemic forecast.ConclusionsThese findings support the creation of interdisciplinary and intersectoral ‘communities of practice’ and the co-design of climate services for the Caribbean public health sector. By fostering the effective use of climate information within health policy, research and practice, nations will have greater capacity to adapt to a changing climate.

Use of Geospatial Data and Technology for Wilderness Search and Rescue by Nonprofit Organizations

Geospatial data and tools are key in locating lost or missing persons in as short a time as possible. In this study, we used a geographic information system (GIS) to analyze four years of search and rescue (SAR) mission data from Colorado to determine the appropriate use of GIS for volunteer-based SAR organizations with limited resources and GIS expertise. GIS can provide more sophisticated analyses of geospatial data than simple mapping technologies, but our findings indicated that complex spatial analysis might not be required on all missions, because the majority of missions were completed within six to ten hours. Instead, new technologies such as tablets with mapping software and online GIS systems that provide quick and easy access to up-to-date geospatial data such as imagery offer capabilities that could improve mission planning. Here we provide a framework in which SAR missions can apply geospatial technologies to aid with missions, identify critical “hotspots,” and enhance postanalysis and training. The work here is highly applicable for nonprofit SAR groups when deciding on what GIS technologies to consider for their areas.

Agricultural land values using Geographic Information Systems: design location model and tools for information available by geoportal. Application to a Spanish Agricultural Area

Quantifying the effect of location on land values can be done by designing a location factor which considers the most relevant aspects that may influence this value such as proximity to large cities, the population living around the parcel or land to be valued, the distance from it to markets or logistic centres, or the existence of places of environmental or landscape interest. Considering these variables can be complicated by having to process large amounts of distinct data (distances, no. of inhabitants or population size, protected areas, etc.), which have to be processed and interpreted to be able to define the factor that summarises them, and can affect the land value from income, such as productive assets, to correct its value. The main proposal put forward in this research is to study the various location aspects that affect land values, and the possibilities that Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer to design with free software tools that allow simple calculations of a location correction factor and, consequently, land values. Calculations were made for all the rural cadastral parcels (2.3 million) in the Valencian Region. Results can be integrated into a new online GIS portal and make these available to users in soil valuation studies.

RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL FOR PUBLIC DISSEMINATION: A CASE STUDY IN CONCEPCIÓN, CHILE

This paper presents a method for estimating the solar capture capacity of dwellings using the central urban area of Concepción, Chile, as a case study in order to promote self-generation of energy by residents. The method takes into account the growing domestic energy demand and the possibility of meeting this demand through integrated solar energy collection into buildings using different systems. The methodology considers a study of the potential incoming solar radiation on buildings according to their geographical location and the surrounding buildings. The capacity for solar capture is then estimated for different dwelling types according to their morphology. Subsequently, the energy contribution provided by different technologies (solar thermal, photovoltaic and hybrid) is identified in relation to the main average energy demands for electricity, water and space heating. Finally, systems for each dwelling are recommended in an urban map available online. The development is based on climate information, cartography, aerial photographs, surveys, housing models, technical standards, standardised calculations and dynamic simulations, implemented according to building layouts from an online Geographic Information System (GIS). The housing types are categorised in an urban map that relates household demands and the contribution of different solar energy systems. According to the estimates calculated, the residential units in the study offer sufficient solar capacity to supply between 40 and 60% of their energy consumption, especially in detached houses using roof-mounted hybrid systems.

Recycled Material Web Map: Connecting Consumers and Producers

An online geographic information system web application that connects producers and consumers of recyclable material was developed to assist engineers and contractors in the beneficial reuse of recycled materials in transportation projects. The Recycled Material Web Map comprises four core layers: producers, stockpiles, specifications, and case studies. Producers of recycled material can locate their facility and enter contact information. The stockpile layer, connected to the producer layer, allows facility managers to add or update information about their recycled material stockpiles that includes material type, application, availability, and cost. Multiple stockpiles can be associated with each producer. The specification layer includes both Department of Transportation specifications and environmental regulations pertaining to the beneficial reuse of nonhazardous recycled material on the basis of specific location, material type, and application. The case study layer locates projects that successfully used recycled materials and has information about the material type, application, volume data, and any additional documentation. As potential consumers of recycled material, engineers and contractors can pinpoint the location of a construction project, search for sources and quantities of recycled material that meets project specifications, and contact material producers. The web map uses search capabilities to locate nearby stockpiles to minimize transportation costs that typically dictate the use of large volumes of materials. The Recycled Material Web Map provides key information that engineers and contractors need to successfully use recycled materials, thereby preserving limited natural resources and benefiting the project and society as a whole.

The Extended Classroom Framework for Teaching Systems Analysis of Food Systems

To further synthesize Systems Action Education (SAE) and adventure learning (AL), a new education framework is presented called the Extended Classroom Framework (ECF) for teaching systems analysis of food systems. Extended Classroom Framework integrates SAE and AL with the circulatory system of science to describe how the classroom interacts with society. In the fall of 2012, the ECF was utilized to design a hybrid course at the undergraduate level that explored four different international agroecoregions through the perspective of on-the-ground collaborators. By utilizing online geographic information systems and an online social network, students digitally explored these agroecosystems as open-ended cases. A pre- and post-test of the Intercultural Development Inventory was given to the students. Students also wrote four reflective journals that were coded and thematically analyzed. Six of seven of students showed positive shifts in their developmental orientation (p < 0.05). Four of seven students showed decreases in their intercultural orientation gap. Every student ended the course similarly or less culturally disengaged to a primary cultural group, with six students in the resolved category compared with four at the beginning of the course. Student reflective journals illustrated growth in considering agroecosystems contextually and as coupled human–environmental systems. These results show that the ECF offers a viable framework for developing student capacities to engage “wicked” problems. Impact Statement The Extended Classroom Framework (ECF) provides a means to synthesize online GIS and social networks to allow students and instructors to experientially learn about human–environment interactions in multiple international contexts in a cost-effective manner. By providing preliminary evidence documenting the framework in action, this article shows the ECFs potential to increase students’ ability to think systemically and work across differences, essential skill sets for practitioners working within “wicked problems.”

Designing and Implementing an Online GIS Tool for Schools: The Finnish Case of the PaikkaOppi Project

This article describes initiatives implemented in Finland to create an online learning environment for studying geographic information systems (GIS). A development project produced an online GIS tool called PaikkaOppi, aimed at promoting GIS studies and spatial thinking skills in upper secondary schools. The project is reviewed through analysis of its technical and pedagogical backgrounds and a description of how it was established and how the pilot phase has been implemented. The article also presents some of the key insights, notes and findings from the first pilot courses.

CyberGIS Gateway for enabling data‐rich geospatial research and education

SummaryThis paper describes CyberGIS Gateway as an online problem‐solving environment for multiple science communities to conduct data‐rich geospatial research and education. CyberGIS Gateway is a key modality in the CyberGIS software environment. Scalable gateway application integration has been the focus of CyberGIS Gateway in order to efficiently develop highly interactive online geographic information systems (GIS) user interface components and couple a rich collection of heterogeneous and distributed geospatial data and analytical services for advanced cyberGIS capabilities on advanced cyberinfrastructure. An open mashup and service API approach is developed to address the integration challenges in CyberGIS Gateway application development. This approach is applied and evaluated in developing several representative cyberGIS data and analytical applications. The experience gained from the integration practice is shared. The education and outreach activities in CyberGIS Gateway are presented to illustrate the impact of CyberGIS Gateway in GIScience communities and the effective collaboration within the science gateway community. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Field Validation of Food Service Listings: A Comparison of Commercial and Online Geographic Information System Databases

Many studies examining the food retail environment rely on geographic information system (GIS) databases for location information. The purpose of this study was to validate information provided by two GIS databases, comparing the positional accuracy of food service places within a 1 km circular buffer surrounding 34 schools in Ontario, Canada. A commercial database (InfoCanada) and an online database (Yellow Pages) provided the addresses of food service places. Actual locations were measured using a global positioning system (GPS) device. The InfoCanada and Yellow Pages GIS databases provided the locations for 973 and 675 food service places, respectively. Overall, 749 (77.1%) and 595 (88.2%) of these were located in the field. The online database had a higher proportion of food service places found in the field. The GIS locations of 25% of the food service places were located within approximately 15 m of their actual location, 50% were within 25 m, and 75% were within 50 m. This validation study provided a detailed assessment of errors in the measurement of the location of food service places in the two databases. The location information was more accurate for the online database, however, when matching criteria were more conservative, there were no observed differences in error between the databases.

Space, Cyberspace and Interface: The Trouble with Google Maps

Space, Cyberspace and Interface: The Trouble with Google Maps