On-time Performance Research Articles

Optimization of High-Speed Rail Express Transportation Scheduling Based on Spatio-Temporal-State Network Modeling

High-speed rail express is gradually gaining attention due to its low cost and high on-time performance. This paper studied the optimization of high-speed rail express transportation modes considering passenger capacity loss. A spatio-temporal network was constructed that includes the fixed passenger train schedule and the high-speed rail express transportation status. Based on this network, an optimization model for transportation schemes considering passenger capacity loss with non-splittable freight flows was developed. The model aims to minimize passenger loss and maximize net revenue from express transportation while comprehensively considering practical constraints such as transfer, loading and unloading, and carrying capacity. The Gurobi optimization solver was used to solve numerical cases, and the optimization results and solution effectiveness were comparatively analyzed under scenarios of sufficient and insufficient capacity.

Upaya Meningkatkan Pelayanan untuk Mencapai on Time Performance pada Petugas Check in Counter Maskapai Batik Air di Bandar Udara Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang

Punctuality for airport officials, especially On Time Performance (OTP) which is an important factor that must be fulfilled in air transportation activities, if On Time Performance (OTP) is not achieved, it will have various impacts. One of the units responsible for the smooth running of passengers is check-in Counter. This study discusses the obstacles of officers and solutions that can be done so that there are no delays in the unit Check-In in creating On Time Performance in flight. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The collection of research data was carried out by means of interviews, observations, documentation and literature studies in the Check In Counter work unit area of Jenderal Ahmad Yani Airport Semarang. Based on the research findings, there are challenges faced by the check-in counter staff in achieving On Time Performance (OTP) for Batik Air at Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport in Semarang. These challenges are divided into two factors: internal and external. The internal factors include system server check-in failures and insufficient time allocated for the check-in process. Meanwhile, external factors involve passengers who cannot present valid identification, those arriving at the last minute, or passengers who are late for check-in. To address these issues and improve OTP, Batik Air has taken measures by ensuring that check-in counter personnel meet the required criteria and possess the necessary competence to follow the established standard operating procedures. Additionally, check-in staff are trained to be friendly, responsive, and prioritize passengers who are already in line, especially those arriving 15 minutes before the check-in counter closes.

Response-Aided Score-Matching Representative Approaches for Big Data Analysis and Model Selection under Generalized Linear Models

In this paper, we propose an efficient method called the response-aided score-matching representative (RASMR) approach to facilitate massive data model selection and data analysis with generalized linear models (GLMs) and a predetermined data partition due to data localization. Similar to the original score-matching representative (SMR) approach, RASMR constructs an artificial data point, called the representative, for each data block. It then fits a GLM on the representative dataset, which provides not only an efficient approach for massive data analysis but also an ideal solution in response to privacy concerns by avoiding the transfer of sensitive data. By further splitting the data blocks according to the values of the response variables, RASMR can obtain more accurate parameter estimates than SMR. Furthermore, by theoretical justifications and simulation studies, we show that RASMR can be more efficiently utilized for model selection and variable selection for a massive dataset by approximating the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the aggregated prediction errors for cross-validation, which are commonly used for choosing the most appropriate statistical model and drawing reliable conclusions. We also apply the proposed RASMR approach to the airline on-time performance data, which consists of 371 data files labeled by month, and show that RASMR can be successfully used for selecting the most appropriate model for real massive data analysis.

Heat and Productivity: Evidence from Flight On-Time Performance

Heat and Productivity: Evidence from Flight On-Time Performance

Probabilistic risk assessment of civil aircraft associated failures under condition-based maintenance

Maintenance can improve an aircraft system's reliability over a long operation period or when a component has failed. However, inappropriate maintenance inspection intervals will cause latent failures to be covered or undetected, leading to a large number of unplanned flight disruptions for airlines. In this paper, we present a two-stage framework to assess the associated failure risk of civil aircraft under condition-based maintenance. In the first stage of the framework, the probability of primary functional failure across the lifecycles of the monitored component is determined by analyzing whether the current inspection interval prevents the component from progressing from latent failure to functional failure. In the second stage of the framework, the associated failure probability between components and related systems is formulated by the adjacency matrix. The structure and performance of the proposed model were tested on a case study by run-to-failure data associated with aircraft engines from a large airline. Focusing on the scenario of turbine disk cracking leading to fragment penetration of the fuel tank and causing fire as the consequential fault impact path, the results show that the risk of aircraft fire caused by turbine disk fragments falls within an acceptable range, necessitating the completion of inspections and subsequent monitoring within the stipulated timeframe. The method can be used to readjust the inspection interval, optimize the operation plan, improve the on-time performance of flights, and reduce the risk of aviation accidents.

Challenges and initiatives regarding the extension of operating hours at Osaka International Airport

Osaka International Airport is an urban airport located near the city center, and its operating hours are set at 14 hours, from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. The airport extends its hours under unavoidable circumstances and allows takeoffs and landings after 9:00 p.m. However, the airport has long conflicted with local communities over aircraft noise at night, and now, the airport receives harsh opinions especially regarding noise at night and takeoffs and landings after 9:00 p.m. And the number of flights taking-off and landing outside of the operating hours has been on the rise, reaching a record high in FY2022, despite all the countermeasures described later. This is caused not only by the congestion of air traffic flow seen for the last several years, but also by severe weather events around the airport, such as frequent typhoons and thunderclouds triggered by the recent intensifying climate changes. It is becoming even more critical to ensure on-time performance and to gain the understanding of local communities about the circumstances above. The presentation will introduce many initiatives to assess the situation accurately, ensure punctuality in cooperation with airlines, and engage in regular dialogues with residents in the surrounding area.

Analisis Pelaksanaan Tugas Ramp Handling dalam Menjaga On Time Performance (OTP) Pada Maskapai Garuda Indonesia di Bandara Soekarno Hatta Cengkareng

Soekarno-Hatta Airport is the main gateway for international and domestic air travel in Indonesia. As one of the busiest airports in Southeast Asia, Soekarno-Hatta Airport handles more than 60 million passengers per year (Soekarno-Hatta Airport Authority, 2023). According to the operational management theory by Suryanto (2020), efficiency in managing all operational processes, including ramp handling, is crucial to ensure smooth and punctual flights. With high traffic volume, the main challenge is to maintain On Time Performance (OTP) to minimize flight delays. This study aims to determine the implementation of ramp handling tasks during pre-flight activities, as well as to determine the obstacles experienced by Ramp Handling officers in pre-flight activities at Soekarno Hatta Cengkareng International Airport and to determine how efforts are made by PT Gapura Angkasa in improving the quality of On Time Performance (OTP) at Soekarno Hatta International Airport, Cengkareng. This study uses a qualitative method, namely through interviews, observations, and documentation of ramp handling personnel units, this study was conducted for 1 month at Soekarno Hatta International Airport The results of this study are that ramp handling officers at Soekarno-Hatta Cengkareng International Airport are responsible for checking the readiness of ground equipment, flight documents, and coordinating with the ground crew team. The use of checklists ensures that all pre-flight steps are carried out correctly and efficiently, which is important for smooth boarding and loading.

Shippers/freight forwarders’ acceptance of dedicated rail freight corridors for freight mobility in India

This paper investigates the acceptance of a mega rail freight infrastructure as a sustainable alternative to road transport for domestic freight movements in India. The dedicated rail freight corridors (DFCs) are the freight-only rail corridors proposed by the Indian government to improve freight mobility from a sustainable outlook. A shipper/freight forwarder survey was conducted to gather information on mode attributes and their stated preferences toward DFCs. We employ discrete choice (binary logit) and machine learning algorithms (random forest and extreme gradient boosting) to analyse the choice behaviour. The machine learning methods exhibited higher prediction accuracy, while discrete choice models offered better interpretability. On-time performance and transport costs are crucial factors that influence mode choice. Large-scale companies are more willing to shift to DFCs compared to small and medium firms. The policy scenario analysis indicates that providing a better on-time performance can gain a substantial share of DFCs.

Modifikasi Produksi dan Biaya Bahan Bakar Minyak pada Kapal Ciremai

Some of the main research problems are the lack of fuel efficiency use, difficulties in loading and unloading process, the refueling process tardiness and the ships route’s delay of the determined and planned routes that could affect the Ciremai Ship’s On Time Performance (OTP). The research aims to determine and analyze the effect of production and fuel oil cost modifications based on the income of Ciremai Ship and its implications for its financial performance after “Three in One” modification. This research used Descriptive statistical analysis method and hypothesis testing using SmartPLS-3. The research sample was taken from the entire routes of Ciremai Ship over the last four years of 48 months. The secondary research data was taken from the financial reports related to production modifications, fuel oil costs, the income and financial performance of the ship. Research findings show that the production modifications have a direct influence on financial performance while fuel costs and income do not have a direct influence on it. The production modifications do not have a direct effect on income instead fuel costs have a direct effect on income and production modifications do not have an indirect effect on financial performance through income.

Impacts of COVID-19 on Air Traffic Control and Air Traffic Management: A Review

The global air transportation system continues to be greatly impacted by operational changes induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. As air traffic management (ATM) focuses on balancing system capacity with demand, many facets of ATM and system operations more broadly were subjected to dramatic changes that deviate from pre-pandemic procedures. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic when air travel became one of the first transport modes to be impacted by lockdown procedures and travel restrictions, a geographically diverse cohort of researchers began investigating the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on air navigation service providers, airline and airport operations, on-time performance, as well as airline network structure, connectivity, crew scheduling, and service impacts due to pilot and crew shortages. In this study, we provide a comprehensive review of this aforementioned body of research literature published during one of the most tumultuous times in the history of aviation, specifically as it relates to air traffic management and air traffic control. We first organize the reviewed literature into three broad categories: strategic air traffic management and response, air traffic control and airport operational changes, and air traffic system resilience. Then, we highlight the main takeaways from each category. We emphasize specific findings that describe how various aspects of the air transportation systems could be improved in the domestic and global airline industry post-COVID. Lastly, we identify specific changes in operational procedures due to the COVID-19 pandemic and suggest future industry trends as informed by the literature. We anticipate this review article to be of interest to a broad swath of aviation industry and intercity transportation audiences.

Risk Assessment of SF Food Cold Chain Logistics Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

In recent years, people's demand for fresh fruits and vegetables for freshness, quality safety, and on-time performance is constantly increasing, and the risk factors existing in each link are also different. The risk of any link may affect the whole process of logistics can not be fully operated, or even directly cause the logistics service can not be completed.Therefore, it is very important to identify and analyze the risks of cold chain logistics from different perspectives.Based on the above considerations, through fully understanding the characteristics of cold chain logistics, this paper takes SF food cold chain logistics as an example, and analyzes the risk factors in cold chain logistics, including warehousing risk, technical risk, distribution risk and information risk.And using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze and model the risk factors and calculate, the results show that the weight of warehousing risk factor and distribution risk factor is 0.3597 and 0.3120 respectively, which has the greatest impact on food cold chain logistics.Finally, the four risk factors of the model results are analyzed, and the risk control measures of SF food cold chain logistics are given.

Flight delay propagation in the multiplex network system of airline networks

The flight delay propagation and recovery processes in airline networks differ due to differences in airline network structures, capacity distributions, and base airport locations. When each airline network is regarded as a network layer, flight delay propagation and interaction in a multiplex network system (MNS) composed of multiple airlines will become more complex and variable. In this paper, flight delays from different airlines are considered propagation sources, and an MNS-based flight delay propagation model is established under the framework of the susceptible-infected-susceptible model. By comparing the independent propagation process of delays in a single-layer airline network and the interactive propagation process of delays in an MNS, we investigate the impact of network structure on flight delays to propose corresponding delay control strategies for different airlines. The results show that unlike in single-layer networks, in an MNS, the behavior of airlines at an airport facilitates or inhibits delay propagation in other layers by influencing the network characteristics and propagation rate. The same airport may even play different roles in different layers, depending on the function it has. Therefore, not all flights are infected or have aggravated delays when accessing the MNS; instead, they are impacted by combined factors such as on-time performance, network structure, and flight interaction.

Assessing bus user’s perception using structural equation modelling

ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the user’s perceived quality of the service of a city bus and bus rapid transit (BRT) provided in the study areas of Navi Mumbai and Surat, India. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was used to identify the significant variables and quantify the effect of those variables on overall satisfaction. The models were validated using validation indices such as Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Normed Fit Index (NFI), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), and Cronbach’s alpha which are generally adopted for testing SEM models. Predicted models were observed to represent the actual data to a good extent. It was observed that users consider bus stop waiting time, bus on-time performance, and in-vehicle travel time as most important and riding comfort, safety, and end-to-end connectivity as relatively less important. The outputs provide policymakers with an understanding of the user’s perception of the overall service quality of the transit system.

The on-time performance effects of a policy change in airport slot restrictions: A synthetic control analysis

This study examines the on-time performance (OTP) effects of the 2016 Federal Aviation Administration’s decision to remove takeoff and landing limits at Newark Liberty Airport. Using the synthetic control method, we compare Newark Liberty’s OTP to that of a weighted collection of comparable airports in the United States. Exploiting the regulatory change as a credibly exogenous shock to arrival OTP, we find that arrival delay minutes increased by up to 23 min from an average of 8 min, while the share of late-arriving flights increased by up to 14 percentage points. These results are robust to other measures of arrival OTP.

Analisis Kerja Petugas Flight Coordinator dalam Mencapai On-Time Performance di Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta Tangerang Banten: Penelitian pada Maskapai TransNusa di PT. Jasa Angkasa Semesta

Flight Coordinators have a very important role in maintaining On-Time Performance (OTP) or punctuality in flight operations. A number of obstacles they experience can affect on-time performance and must be managed well. The aim of this research is to determine the work of flight coordinator officers in achieving on time performance at Soekarno Hatta Tangerang Banten International Airport. This research uses a qualitative method using primary data obtained through interviews and observation, secondary data through literature study and documentation. The data collection techniques used were observation (participating in the field), interviews and documentation. Interviews were conducted with supervisors and heads of narrow bodies, as well as TransNusa flight coordinators. Data analysis techniques by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research are the suitability of the flight coordinator in carrying out work according to his job desk, starting from the plane not yet landing to the pushback plane. Work factors or obstacles that are often faced by flight coordinators are late arrival and parking stands in remote areas. Efforts that can be made to overcome these obstacles are carrying out quick handling and speeding up coordination with related units in order to achieve on-time performance targets.

Collaborative optimization model and algorithm for airport capacity and traffic flow allocation.

How to efficiently utilize the existing airport capacity without physical expansion and considerable economic inputs to meet air traffic needs is one of the important tasks of air traffic management. To improve the efficiency of capacity utilization, it is necessary to find the actual airport capacity properly. In this work, taking Shuangliu International Airport as an example, a methodology for capacity estimation is proposed that combines the empirical method with an analytical approach that uses historical performance data from the airport to construct a capacity envelope to approximate the airport's actual capacity to the greatest extent, establishes a collaborative optimization model that reflects the inherent relations between airport capacity and arrival and departure traffic demand, adopts an improved optimization algorithm to solve the model, and generates an optimal flight allocation scheme. Priority ratio is introduced to dynamically adjust management preferences for arrival and departure traffic demand to further reveal the synergy mechanism between departure and arrival traffic flow demand and the airport capacity. The result shows that the Flight On-time Performance rate is lifted by 6% in the case study which proves the feasibility of the proposed method, demonstrating its value for maximizing airport capacity and traffic flow demand without requiring expansions on airport scales.

Supply chain performance analysis using the SCOR method

The current era of globalization requires companies to meet market demands in order to get the right tactics or strategy. This research was conducted at PT. Budi Starch & Sweetener has several obstacles in carrying out its supply chain activities such as delivery delays, supply uncertainty and problems in the production process. So, measuring Supply Chain performance is very important so that companies can know the extent of Supply Chain performance achieved by the company. Supply chain performance measurement is carried out using the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) method with the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) validation phase, calculation of actual KPI values, and weighting of metrics for each level using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. After processing the data, the result was that 16 performance indicators were selected from a total of 36 performance indicators. To determine the main criteria and priorities, performance indicators are weighted using the AHP method. The calculation result of the total performance value is 76,41, so the performance measurement at PT. Budi Starch & Sweetener Tbk is included in the good scale. However, the results of data processing of actual values which were then normalized to Snorm De Boer still contained 5 indicators which showed a value of less than 90 and required improvement, namely accuracy of estimates, raw material planning, on-time delivery performance by suppliers, compliance with production schedules, and number of problems. machine. It is hoped that companies can issue appropriate policies regarding of these five performance indicators, so that the level of achievement of Supply Chain Management (SCM) targets in companies can be further increased.

Stochastic Modelling of Aircraft Ground Time at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport

Ground time plays an important role in keeping flight on-time performance and passenger smooth flow. It varies depending on the aircraft type, procedures, passenger number and/or cargo amount, maintenance requirements, and ground handling service quality. This research aims to explore the ground time distribution pattern at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. The daily flight historical data is divided into several categories based on the airline’s service type for local airlines, the airline’s origin for foreign airlines, the type of flight, and aircraft size. Ground time data of each flight category is then fitted to all possible distribution types by using the Distribution Fitting app in Matlab. The best-fitted distribution definition uses the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test by comparing the p-value of each distribution. 6 distributions fit 20 flight categories. Almost all local airlines’ ground time except full-service carrier international flights and low-cost carrier international flights with wide-body aircraft fit to Burr distribution. Full-service carrier international flight with narrow and wide-body aircraft, international flight with narrow-body aircraft operated by airlines from China and other countries fit Generalized Extreme Value distribution. Low-cost carrier international flights with wide-body aircraft and private flights fit to Inverse Gaussian distribution. International flights with wide-body aircraft operated by airlines from Korea, Japan, and other countries airlines fit for Nakagami distribution. While the cargo flights fit t Location-Scale distribution for wide-body aircraft and Weibull distribution for narrow-body aircraft. Then the stochastic models are developed based on each flight category’s distribution parameters. These models are expected to be able to guide future research in ground time or apron capacity management as they provide the data distribution without more primary data needed.

A two-step approach for deploying heterogeneous vessels and designing reliable schedule in liner shipping services

Schedule reliability is a crucial metric for measuring liner container shipping service. Due to the inherent uncertainties at sea and ports, schedule delays and unreliable on-time performance have long plagued shipping companies. In practice, the heterogeneity of container vessels also creates challenges for deployment and schedule optimization. To address the problem, we develop a two-step approach with two programming sub-models. In the first step, we tackle the challenges of ship deployment and scheduling by considering heterogeneous vessels and capturing the interarrival time between adjacent ports of call. In the second step, we use the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) to address the uncertainty risk avoidance in schedule design. To solve the stochastic programming models, we employ a solution framework based on the outer linear approximation method and the risk measure method, where CVaR is specified as the risk measure. We illustrate the application of our model on a case study concerning a real route operated by COSCO Shipping Lines. The results show that the total cost of liner shipping service with heterogeneous fleet on the route can be reduce by 4.77% compared with homogeneous fleet. And the cost of risk with the reliable schedule can be decreased by 8.04% compared with the ideal schedule. The research conclusions can provide some useful decision-making references for shipping companies to deploy heterogeneous vessels and design reliable schedules.

Schedule-level optimization of flight block times for improved airline schedule planning: A data-driven approach

The development of flight block time schedules for future airline operations is a critical aspect of the schedule development process. It involves determining the appropriate gate-to-gate time for each flight to optimize on-time performance and ensure efficient utilization of flight resources. This article presents a modeling framework that addresses the airlines' scheduled block time (SBT) design problem. The framework employs a novel data-driven optimization model that incorporates reliability measures at both the flight and schedule levels. This approach enables airline schedule planners to assess the relationship between the allocated SBT for each flight and the overall schedule reliability, and make informed decisions regarding the trade-off between schedule reliability and operational costs. Experiments show that the proposed methodology outperforms real-world SBT plans implemented by two major U.S. airlines, demonstrating its superiority. The results of this comparison indicate that the developed framework could assist airlines in improving reliability while deploying the same block time budget or in eliminating unnecessary slack in their schedules while achieving their targeted reliability, resulting in significant cost savings.