Ozone Mapping And Profiler Suite Research Articles

The OMPS Limb Profiler Environmental Data Record Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document and Expected Performance

The retrieval algorithm for the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb Profiler is described. The goal of the OMPS Limb Profiler is to produce high quality vertical profiles of ozone in the stratosphere and upper troposphere. Additional products include aerosol extinction vertical profiles together with an estimate of the Angstrom coefficient, cloud top height and <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{NO}_{2}$</tex></formula> column density. The ozone retrieval algorithm relies on the optimal estimation approach, and uses the Pair/Triplet methodology. Estimates of bias and random errors are presented, together with a brief description of the operational code output products and the planned validation.

Diversity of outer membrane protein expression of Leptospira interrogans during infection of human THP-1 monocytes

Objective To determine the diversity of outer membrane protein expression of Leptospira interrogans during infection of human THP-1 monocytes,and protein antigen candidates for developing leptospiral genetically engineering vaccines.Methods The outer membrane proteins(OMPs) of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai strain Lai before or after infection of human THP-1 monocyte line were extracted using Triton X-114 method.The OMPs extracts were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DGE) and then detected using silver staining method.Four up-regulated and four down-regulated OMPs were selected for hydrolysis by trypsin and then identified by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass(LC-MS/MS) method.The transmembrane regions and signal peptides in the eight target OMPs were analyzed using bioinformatic software.Several real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCRs were performed to determine the mRNA level changes of the eight target genes of L.interrogans strain Lai before or after infection of THP-1 cells.The prokaryotic expression systems of target genes were generated and the immunoprutection of target recombinant proteins was determined using leptospire-infected guinea pigs model.Results After a 60 min infection of THP-1 cells,four OMPs( Loa22,GroEL,F0F1 ATP synthase alpha- and beta-subunits) of L interrogans strain Lai were noticeably up-regulated ( P＜0.05 ),while the other four OMPs( FlaB2,LigB,OmpA family protein and OmpA) were significantly down-regulated (P＜0.05).The results of real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCRs were coincident with those confirmed by the 2-DGE phus silver staining.The bioinformatic analysis indicated that among the eight OMPs,OmpA and OmpA family protein belonged transmembrane proteins,while the rest had no membrane structure.Loa22,LigB and OmpA family protein contained a signal peptide in their sequences.200 μg of the recombinant proteins rLoa22 and rGroEL presented 75.0％ immunoprotective rates in the infected guinea pigs.Conclusion An obvious change of the OMP expression map of L.interrogans strain Lai occurs during infection of host cells.The up-regulated leptospiral OM Ps during infection,especially for the GroEL and Loa22 proteins,can be used as the immunogen candidates for developing leptospiral genetically engineering vaccines. Key words: Leptospira interrogans; Outer membrane proteins; Two-dimensional gel electrophores

Measurements and products from the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV/2) and Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) instruments

This paper presents an overview of the state of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellite ozone programme including assessments of the current Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV/2) and the future Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) instruments and products. It provides evaluation of the quality of the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Satellites (POES) SBUV/2 measurements and the Version 8 algorithm products, both for operational and reprocessed data records. The presentation summarizes work on the instrument calibration and characterization; the algorithm theory and implementation; and the information content, quality and validation of the ozone estimates. This is followed by similar information on the measurements and products expected from the OMPS on the National Polar Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) and NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) beginning in 2011.

Long-term calibration monitoring of Spectralon diffusers BRDF in the air-ultraviolet

Long-term calibration monitoring of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of Spectralon diffusers in the air-ultraviolet is presented. Four Spectralon diffusers were monitored in this study. Three of the diffusers, designated as H1, H2, and H3, were used in the prelaunch radiance calibration of the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet/2 (SBUV/2) satellite instruments on National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 14 and 16. A fourth diffuser, designated as the 400 diffuser, was used in the prelaunch calibration of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) instrument scheduled for initial flight in 2009 on the National Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite System Preparatory Project. The BRDF data of this study were obtained between 1994 and 2005 using the scatterometer located in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center Diffuser Calibration Laboratory. The diffusers were measured at 13 wavelengths between 230 and 425 nm at the incident and scatter angles used in the prelaunch calibrations of SBUV/2 and OMPS. Spectral features in the BRDF of Spectralon are also discussed. The comparison shows how the air-ultraviolet BRDF of these Spectralon samples changed over time under clean room deployment conditions.

Ozone sensor restored to weather satellite

A sensor for measuring ozone will be included on the National Polar‐Orbiting Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Preparatory Project (NPP) satellite, NASA and NOAA announced on 11 April. The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb will measure the vertical distribution of ozone in the atmosphere. A U.S. National Academies committee recommended the restoration of the OMPS Limb to the NPOESS program earlier this year in its Earth science decadal survey (see Eos 88(13), 2007). Restoration of the OMPS Limb to the NPOESS program is contingent upon the cost of the instrument. The NPP satellite is scheduled to launch in 2009, and the first NPOESS satellite is scheduled for 2013.