Older Minority Research Articles

A (Dis)orderly Progression: The Lasting Impact of Pandemic on Community-Based Organizations

ABSTRACT Community-based organizations (CBOs) serving older ethnic minority adults, especially older immigrants, are vital to satisfy their complex social, health, and behavioral health needs. This study uses organizational theories and a case study approach to examine how the organizational responses to the multifaceted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and progress beyond the pandemic-related responses. Four CBOs serving older Chinese immigrants in New York City were examined. Results indicate that driven by unmet psychosocial needs of older Chinese immigrants and public health measures, CBOs modified practice protocols and established (or strengthened) collaborative relationships with medical providers and other CBOs. COVID-19 responses include CBOs’ transformations in organizational structures (e.g. collaboration) and operational activities (e.g. telehealth). Successful transformations of CBOs were primarily due to prior adaptiveness to integrated care reform and assured needed resources before the pandemic; the transformation reflected orderly organizational progress rather than a temporary management strategy.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Brief Resilience Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Among Older Sexual Minority Women in the U.S.

Objective This study sought to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and measurement invariance of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) among older sexual minority women with disabilities. Method Participants (n = 208) consisted of sexual minority women aged 55 and older with disabilities recruited online. Results CFA results showed a one-factor structure fit BRS data, RMSEA = .050 (90% CI [.00, .107]), SRMR = .015, CFI = .990, TLI = .975, with good internal consistency (alpha = 0.863, omega = .864). For the MSPSS, CFA showed a three-factor structure fit the data, RMSEA = .080 (90% CI [.064, .096]), SRMR = .037, CFI = .959, TLI = .947, with excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.937, omega = .937). Full scalar invariance was achieved for both BRS and MSPSS when comparing single and partnered individuals. Additionally, full scalar invariance was also achieved for MSPSS when comparing individuals with a single and multiple health conditions. For BRS, partial scalar invariance was established across health conditions. Conclusions The original factor structures of the BRS and MSPSS fit with good internal consistency, providing preliminary evidence of construct validity and reliability of scores on both scales in this population.

Living with financial insecurity: Analysing the impact of the cost‐of‐living crisis on older ethnic minority people

Living with financial insecurity: Analysing the impact of the cost‐of‐living crisis on older ethnic minority people

Disrupting the Path from Depression to Loneliness: Multilevel Resilience among Older Sexual Minority Men with and without HIV

Existing studies examining resilience among sexual minority men (SMM) have been limited by only analyzing 1 level of resilience. We therefore investigated the impact of multiple levels of resilience on the bidirectional relationship between loneliness and depression symptoms among older SMM. Loneliness, depression symptoms, and multilevel resilience scores were collected across 3 time points (October 2016 to March 2017 [T1]; October 2017 to March 2018 [T2]; and October 2018 to March 2019 [T3]) among 1,264 SMM aged 40 years and older living with and without HIV. Longitudinal mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of the multilevel resilience factors at T2 on the bidirectional relationship between loneliness and depression symptoms, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates. The multilevel resilience factors were negatively associated with loneliness and depression symptoms at T1. The individual-level global resilience factor was associated with decreased odds of depression symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32–0.78), while the interpersonal-level relationship confidence (OR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24–0.77) and reliability (OR = 0.36; 95% CI, 0.15–0.84) factors were associated with decreased odds of loneliness at T3. The total effect of loneliness at T1 on depressive symptoms at T3 was β = 0.20 (95% CI, 0.11–0.28) and was reduced to β = 0.08 (95% CI, -0.04 to 0.20) after the inclusion of the multilevel resilience factors. The total effect of depressive symptoms at T1 on loneliness at T3 was similar (β = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.13–0.28) with the direct effect of β = 0.01 (95% CI, -0.08 to 0.11) after the inclusion of the multilevel resilience factors. Regarding specific indirect effects, individual-level global resilience (depression symptoms at T3 only) as well as the interpersonal-level relationship reliability and confidence (loneliness at T3 model only) factors were statistically significant. Multilevel resilience factors mediated the bidirectional relationship between loneliness and depression symptoms. Mental health interventions should consider implementing resilience-informed strategies that mitigate depression symptoms and loneliness among older SMM.

Food insecurity: The resilient, but “silent poverty” perspectives of older ethnic minority individuals within UK communities

AbstractFood insecurity is acknowledged as a key social determinant of health among older adults. Despite recording significantly higher levels of poverty in comparison to white ethnic groups, older individuals from ethnic minorities are under‐represented as recipients of food aid. Thus, there are knowledge gaps in our understanding of older people and their experiences of food insecurity within ethnic minority communities. Through the theoretical lens of Individual and Community Resilience, we empirically advance our understanding of food security and resilience within South Asian communities via in‐depth interviews with community stakeholders and older individuals from Bangladeshi and Pakistani communities across the Greater Manchester region. Our findings reveal that the integration of temporal, environmental and social constructs within a resilience framework reveals significant potential for further negative social, cultural and economic impact on older ethnic minorities in the future, especially as current food support services do not appear to cater for ethnic dietary preferences, language accessibility and/or cultural norms regarding asking for help/charity outside the home. We predict therefore, in combination with the identified persistent stressors, that food insecurity issues within older ethnic minority communities are likely to get much worse, resulting in the need for extensive resilient capacities to cope with future cost‐of‐living challenges. In acknowledging previous limitations within previous resilience frameworks, we propose an incremental contribution to theory and conclude by identifying culturally and operationally appropriate food support system approaches, which can be used to address the increasing prevalence of “silent poverty” within ethnic minority communities.

Association of characteristics of cancer, patient, and county with telemedicine services use: Impact of the waiver of reimbursement restrictions on telemedicine.

11058 Background: Telemedicine services have great potential to improve access to care of cancer patients who are vulnerable in health status and may experience financial hardship due to the cost of their care. However, very little is known about how the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ waiver of reimbursement restrictions on telemedicine and characteristics of cancer affected their use of telemedicine services. We examined the changes in frequency of telemedicine use before and after the waiver and, after the waiver, the determinants of telemedicine use across medical provider types. Methods: We used the 5% Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry file linked to Medicare data among patients who had a newly diagnosed cancer in 2019 and were enrolled in Medicare Parts A and B during 2019-2020, and Area Health Resources File. Our outcomes were binary variables of telemedicine services use in outpatient (OP), office-based clinics (OB), and emergency department (ED), respectively, and for detailed provider types in OB. Primary independent variables included the ten most frequently observed cancer sites (reference: all other sites), sequence of cancer, stage of diagnosis, and quarter of diagnosis in 2019. Analysis was by a multilevel mixed effects logistic regression model, adjusting characteristics of cancer, patient and county. Results: Among eligible patients (n = 14,226), telemedicine services use for all provider types increased from 4.3% in pre-waiver period to 40.3% (5.2% in OP, 39.3% in OB, and 0.2% in ED) in post-waiver period. Telemedicine services use varied by primary cancer site, but was higher for those with a cancer recurrence (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-1.60) and advanced cancer stage (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03-1.48). For visits to oncologists, cancer characteristics such as recurrence (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.34-2.08), advanced stage (OR 5.52, 95% CI 4.12-7.40) and diagnosis in the last quarter in 2019 (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.20-1.61) were associated with greater use of telemedicine. Patients of older age and minority race/ethnicity and in non-Northeast regions were less likely to use telemedicine, while women, patients with dual eligibility for Medicaid, and those living in a county with high median household income and high availability of hospital beds were more likely to use telemedicine. Conclusions: Cancer patients used telemedicine services more frequently after the waiver and their cancer characteristics were most strongly associated with that use, implying their greater need for, and benefit from, telemedicine. Disparities in telemedicine use related to individual and county-level socio-demographics and medical supply suggest health policy changes to improve equitable access to telemedicine and efficient cancer care planning.

Aging well in an aging society: physical health in older lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults.

Older sexual minority people meet a double stigma in our society related to their sexual identity and chronological age. The present study explores how experiences of discrimination and prejudice, coming out, and personal resiliency influence physical health of older lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults. Respondents were recruited through online advertisements and an online-based survey. The sample included 82 Italian cisgender LGB adults over 65 years: young older adults (65-70 years; 78%) and old-old adults (over 71 years; 22%). Regarding sexual orientation, the sample was composed of sexual minority women (n = 30; 37%) and sexual minority men (n = 52; 63%). ANOVAs' findings showed that sexual minority women described lower levels of physical health compared to sexual minority men. At the same time, old-old adults reported higher experiences of discrimination and prejudice compared to young older adults. Moreover, findings from hierarchical multiple regression analysis described that coming out, higher levels of personal resiliency, and fewer experiences of discrimination were predictors of physical health, regardless of age and sexual minority categories. These findings seem to align with previous studies that underline the relevance of investigating aging well in sexual minority people. Knowledge and awareness of LGBTQ+ issues are necessary for recognizing the unique needs and resources of older LGB people for promoting a healthy aging process.

Picturing the dance: intersections of gender, sexuality, and age in older women queer square dancers

A dearth of research has focused on the diverse experiences of aging sexual minority populations and, in particular, older sexual minority women. Studies that have disaggregated the population of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, queer, intersex and two-spirit (LGBTQIS+) older adults reveal that due to minority stress and a lifetime of disadvantage. Lesbians experience higher rates of chronic health conditions and mental health problems (including loneliness) than heterosexual women and greater financial inequalities compared to gay men or heterosexual women. Despite this, limited inquiry has explored the everyday lives of older queer women and fewer still draws upon women’s commentary on their own lived experiences or centers older women as authoritative agents and experts on their own lives. In response to this knowledge deficit, this research traverses the aging experiences of female-identified members of a gay square dance (GSD) club in Toronto, Canada. We apply queer theory to explicate the unique ways in which a GSD club queers the aging process for 14 older women dancers. Findings of the inquiry highlight the ways in which these dancers confront and reject heteronormativity, while illuminating pathways to successful aging for older sexual diverse women. The older women dancers in this study perform gender in ways that challenged heteronormativity and gender binaries, enhanced belongingness and acceptance, embodied joy, and fostered wellness. These concepts have been identified as critical factors in successful aging and highlight what queering aging might look like for this resilient population who have overcome a lifetime of disadvantage.

Understanding the implementation and sustainability needs of evidence-based programs for racial and ethnic minoritized older adults in under-resourced communities with limited aging services

BackgroundEvidence-based programs (EBPs) for older adults effectively improve health outcomes. However, there is a limited understanding of the unique needs of service providers as they consider adopting, implementing, and maintaining programs for older minority adults in low-income communities with limited aging services.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants of community-based organizations (CBOs) to understand implementation and sustainability needs of CBOs within four racial and ethnically diverse Los Angeles County geographic areas. We performed thematic analysis of interview transcripts.ResultsInterviews were conducted with representatives from 25 senior-serving agencies providing aging-related EBPs. CBO representatives reported implementing EBPs in 8 domains: Falls Prevention (68%), Mental Health (64%), Caregiver Health (48%), Chronic Disease Management (48%), Diabetes Management (36%), Arthritis Management (28%), Physical Activity (24%), and Multiple Conditions Management (8%). Themes are presented using the six domains of the Bass and Judge framework for factors impacting successful and sustained EBP implementation. CBOs in low-income and diverse communities described unique challenges with tailoring interventions based on local community context (literacy, language), cultural context, and locally available resources (technology, safe community spaces, transportation) and faced resource-intensive administrative burdens through staff turnover, data collection, sustainable funding, and networking.ConclusionsServing racial and ethnic communities has unique challenges that require tailored approaches and additional resources to ensure equitable access to EBPs for all communities. We describe suggestions for enhancing the effective adoption of EBPs among service agencies in under-resourced and diverse aging communities serving populations with aging-related health disparities.

"We are a Generation of Slaves. We Support the Protests But do not Take to the Streets": Why Older Immigrants From the Former Soviet Union are not Part of the Protests Against the Judicial Overhaul in Israel.

Beginning in 2023, Israel has been the site of extensive protests against a proposed judicial overhaul, drawing widespread participation. However, there is a notable absence of older individuals from minority groups, particularly older immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU), within these protests. This study aims to explore the perspectives of this group on the judicial overhaul and to reveal the reasons behind their non-participation in the protests. The study involved semi-structured interviews with 20 older FSU immigrants (age 65+). Through thematic content analysis, two main themes emerged: the attitudes of FSU older immigrants towards the proposed judicial overhaul and the factors contributing to their non-involvement in the protests. Participants exhibited diverse opinions on the judicial overhaul, ranging from outright disapproval to ambivalence or indecision. The lack of participation in the protests was attributed to multiple factors, including (1) older age and age-related limitations, (2) unique historical experiences and characteristics of the FSU immigrant cohort, and (3) a lack of unified stance and organization within the FSU immigrant community. The study provides insights into the challenges and barriers faced by older individuals in FSU immigrant minority groups in engaging with political processes and decision-making. These findings are of significant importance to policymakers, researchers, and professionals working with immigrant communities. Understanding these dynamics can aid in developing more inclusive and representative political processes and support engaging mechanisms for older minority immigrants.

Social participation of the older sexual minority population: CLSA data

ABSTRACT Despite the growing ageing population in Canada, limited efforts have been made to understand the role of ageing in sexual minority research. The term sexual minority refers to people that do not identify as heterosexual regarding their sexual orientation. In order to examine the role of social factors in sexual minority ageing, the study utilised the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) baseline data to compare social participation rates between different sexual orientation groups by using the analysis of variance. Findings from the study indicate that social participation levels differ by sexual orientation in both ageing males and females. The results of this study suggest that social participation is an important construct for studies that explore the ageing process of sexual minority populations. In particular, this study’s results related to the lack of social participation in venues such as sports and religious activities points to potential areas of exploration for developing strategies to foster more inclusive environments in order to increase social engagements.

Loneliness among older ethnic minority people: exploring the role of structural disadvantage and place using a co-research methodology

ABSTRACT Limited research exists on the experiences of loneliness among older ethnic minority people. Yet, the ageing population is increasingly diverse and health inequalities are growing. It is therefore important to explore how older ethnic minority people experience loneliness to ensure policies meet their needs. This article examines a sample (N = 17) of semi-structured qualitative interviews with older South and East Asian people in Greater Manchester (United Kingdom). Older co-researchers conducted the interviews as part of a larger research study. The findings encompass three themes relating to: expressions of loneliness, life course disadvantage and its impact on loneliness, and the role of ageing in place on loneliness. Reported disadvantages included: a lack of employment and educational opportunities, stress related to migration, and racial and sex discrimination. The findings highlight the consequences of accumulating such disadvantages, as well as the impact of ageing in place, on later experiences of loneliness.

Long COVID in non-hospitalised children and young people: A national matched cohort study. (The CLoCk study)

The commonest persisting symptoms after COVID in children and young people (CYP) are fatigue, headache, shortness of breath and persisting loss of smell. Early in the pandemic, many symptoms of long COVID were reported almost as commonly in negative controls giving rise to a debate whether these were the consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus per se or of the health and social restrictions of a ‘long pandemic’. Latterly, there are virtually no ‘negative controls’ to allow further exploration of this. Mental health outcomes also showed little difference from controls. Predictors of long COVID in CYP are older age, female sex, minority ethnicity and impaired pre-COVID-19 health and wellbeing. Vaccines prevent acute Covid-19 and hence long COVID arising from post-vaccination contact but there is little evidence in CYP that vaccination mitigates existing long COVID.

‘Divergent Work Ageing’ and Older Migrants’ (Un)extended Working Lives

This article theorises older ethnic minority women’s work attitudes and labour market behaviour from an intersectional cumulative perspective within the extended working lives contexts. Empirical evidence has been drawn from interviews with South Asian British Muslim women aged between 50 and 66 living in Greater Manchester, UK. The findings show that the cohort’s ageing process is asynchronous with the British work ageing outlook as their cultural understanding of working age, age roles and successful ageing defies the extended working lives philosophies, and cumulative factors including caring responsibilities, legacy inequalities, and health issues present additional challenges for extending their work lives. Their culture- and context-specific work ageing process remains absent in the UK’s labour market discourse and policy landscape. The article theorises their idiosyncratic work ageing including non-conformist attitudes to extending work lives by proposing a ‘divergent work ageing’ model that can guide policymakers in creating inclusive labour market policies.

Survival of patients with kidney failure awaiting transplantation stratified by age and ethnicity: population-based cohort analysis.

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for people living with kidney failure who are suitable for surgery, but survival benefits for older and/or ethnic minority candidates are unclear. To inform decision-making, the survival of patients on a waiting list for kidney transplantation was assessed. A retrospective study was undertaken of registry data for patients with kidney failure listed for transplantation in the UK. From 1 January 2000 until 30 September 2019, all patients listed for a first kidney-alone transplant were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. After testing for violations of the proportional hazards assumption, an extended Cox regression model factoring in transplantation as a time-dependent variable according to the intention-to-treat principle was developed. The study cohort included 47 917 patients on a waiting list for kidney transplantation, of whom 34 558 (72.1%) subsequently received a transplant. Transplantation compared with remaining on dialysis was associated with an overall survival benefit (HR 0.17, 95% c.i. 0.16 to 0.18; P < 0.001), occurring immediately within 30 days, and observed regardless of ethnicity. For White kidney transplant candidates aged at least 65 or at least 70 years, a significant survival benefit was observed within 6 months (HR 0.49, 0.29 to 0.82) and 1 year (HR 0.45, 0.25 to 0.79) after transplantation respectively, which contrasted with 3 years after kidney transplantation for candidates from ethnic minorities aged at least 65 years (HR 0.53, 0.36 to 0.78) or at least 70 years (HR 0.53, 0.36 to 0.78). Although time-to-survival benefits are stratified by age and ethnicity, all kidney transplant candidates on the waiting list are better off with transplantation compared with remaining on dialysis. The absence of any early postoperative mortality suggests that some high-risk patients with kidney failure may not be receiving transplantation opportunities.

Sexual Orientation Health Disparities in Chronic Respiratory Disorders.

Smoking, a leading cause of chronic respiratory disorders, is elevated among sexual minority (i.e., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) individuals. Elevations in smoking among sexual minority individuals may contribute to increased rates of chronic respiratory disorders among older sexual minority individuals. Data from 161,741 individuals (3.6% sexual minorities) aged 45 and older from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to examine disparities in chronic respiratory disorders among older sexual minority individuals. Mediation was used to analyze a model with smoking mediating the relationship between sexual minority identity and self-reported chronic respiratory disorder. The results indicated that smoking mediated the relationship between sexual minority identity and self-reported chronic respiratory disorder. Smoking was 1.2 times more common, and the prevalence of chronic respiratory disorders was 1.2 times higher, among sexual minority individuals compared to heterosexual individuals. The present study indicates that smoking disparities observed among sexual minority individuals are linked to increased risk for chronic respiratory disorders, and also indicate that sexual minorities have an excess burden of chronic respiratory disorders.

Interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms among older Black and African American adults.

To examine the association between recent experiences of discrimination and depressive symptom presentation and severity among a U.S. sample of older Black and African American adults. A cross-sectional survey of 124 Black and African American adults aged 50 and older in the United States was conducted assessing interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms. The Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire assessed four forms of interpersonal discrimination. A measure of heightened vigilance to bias assessed anticipatory coping with discrimination experiences. Past-month affective and somatic symptoms of depression were assessed using the Depressive and Somatic Symptoms Scale. All forms of interpersonal racial discrimination were positively associated with greater affective symptom severity. Being avoided, devalued, and threatened or actively physically harmed were associated with greater somatic symptom severity. Vigilant coping was positively associated with affective symptom severity but not somatic symptom severity. Racial discrimination is linked to depression severity among older Black and African American and varies by symptom. This study helps inform work on processes linking discrimination with poorer psychological outcomes and will allow for more effective interventions and prevention efforts that are tailored to older minority populations.

RACISM IN RESEARCH ON OLDER MIGRANTS AND ETHNO-RACIAL MINORITIES: INSIGHTS FROM TWO SCOPING REVIEWS

Abstract The study of ethno-racialized minorities used to be primarily the domain of American social gerontologists. Meta-analyses of this scholarship have shown that this research has so far been characterized by two sets of practices: it engages in racialization but vaguely acknowledges racism, and it seems inequality-obsessed but justice-oblivious. Some gerontologists have therefore argued that the scholarly imagination that informs inquiries on older ethno-racialized minorities needs to be expanded, and that one way to do this could entail taking cues from European migration scholars’ inquiries on aging and old age. These scholars place the social position that is migrancy (rather than ethnicity and/or race) at the center of their scholarly imagination. This presentation presents the results of a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature published between 1990-2022 that focuses specifically on how the literature on older migrants engages with racism (since literature on older ethno-racialized minorities was in focus in another scoping review; 1998-2017). The review shows that although scholarship on older migrants recognizes that these axes of oppression could have an impact in their life-courses, empirical inquiries on the ways in which older people experience such oppression are still quite rare. The presentation will juxtapose the results of both scoping reviews in order to argue that our failure to inquire into older migrants’, and older ethno-racialized minorities’ experiences of racism impedes us from furthering our understanding of how the social positions that are ethnicity, race and migrancy impact (on their own and together) people’s experiences of aging and old age.

ETHNICITY IN RESEARCH ON OLDER MIGRANTS: HOW THE SCHOLARSHIP CONCEPTUALIZES IT AND WHERE WE NEED TO HEAD

Abstract A recently completed scoping review of peer-reviewed articles on older ethno-racialized minorities has shown that although conceptual and theoretical advancements have been made in the field of ethnicity and race, the social gerontological literature on these minorities continues to regard ethnicity in essentialist ways, conflates ethnicity with race and seldom operationalizes what these social positions mean to aging and old age. The impact of ethnicity is, in other words, almost always inferred in this research, which is why the field has been deemed to be characterized by data-richness and theory-poorness. Over the past three years, researchers working on the nexus of aging and migration have surveyed the current state of knowledge on older migrants (focusing on migrancy, rather than ethnicity and/ or race). One of these inventories is a meta-analysis of how research on older migrants conceptualizes ethnicity, and the manner in which this social position is presumed to impact on migrants’ old age- and aging-related experiences. At stake has also been the assessment of whether this literature differs from the scholarship on older ethno-racialized minorities, and the ways in which that scholarship conceptualizes ethnicity. This presentation offers insight into what this inventory has found out. In focus are the current state of affairs about how ethnicity is approached in research on older migrants, and the launching of a theoretically-informed and empirically-astute research agenda for the study of ethnicity in gerontology.

MINORITY STRESS AND LONELINESS IN A LIFESPAN SAMPLE OF SEXUAL MINORITIES

Abstract Marginalized individuals often experience social isolation (i.e., loneliness), which is a risk factor for diminished health, especially for older sexual minorities (i.e., LGB+) who were socialized in a period with less social recognition and overt stigmatization (i.e., minority stress). Although it is known that minority stressors contribute to loneliness, little is known about the contextual factors that predict this relationship, such as age/cohort. First, we examined cross-sectional baseline data from a lifespan sample of sexual minorities (N=333, ages 18-90) to investigate the relationship between seven different minority stressors and loneliness. Compared to their younger peers, older sexual minorities reported lower levels of loneliness and minority stress; however, age moderated the links between internalized homonegtaivity (B=.01, p&amp;lt;.01), anticipated stigma (B=.02, p&amp;lt;.01), and family-directed stigma (B=.01, p&amp;lt;.05) on loneliness, respectively. Secondly, daily experiences of minority stress and levels of loneliness were examined across a 21-day period (N=1,878 days) from a subsample of the baseline study (N=112, ages 19-79). There was higher daily loneliness on days when participants concealed their identity and had higher internalized homonegativity. Conversely, loneliness was lower when participants disclosed their identity. We further explored lagged-effects and found that loneliness was significantly higher following high internalized homonegativity (B=-.02, p&amp;lt;.001) from the prior day and that this change was moderated by age. These findings underscore the importance of considering age and cohort when examining minority stress. They also highlight the need for interventions that address minority stressors in this population to prevent poorer well-being and higher levels of loneliness.