Ofloxacin Hydrochloride Research Articles

Continuous flow column adsorption and desorption for the study of interaction of fluoroquinolone antibiotic ofloxacin hydrochloride with ZnO and CuO nanometal oxides in aqueous solution: (Continuous column adsorption desorption)

Broad-spectrum antibiotic, major veterinary medicines, due to large consumption and inappropriate disposal contribute a major part in generation of pharmaceutical pollutants in aquatic environment. The study investigates the interaction of nanometal oxides for adsorption and desorption of Fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solution using vertical and sequential bed adsorption columns: designing parameters of adsorption column determined using bed depth service time model. To optimize the continuous flow column adsorption, varying initial drug concentration and flow rates have been studied using ZnO and CuO nanoparticles at pH 4, already determined for optimized batch studies. To access the characteristic behaviour of breakthrough curves, Thomas model and Yoon-Nelson models have been studied, which were in good agreement with experimental data. Sequential bed column shows slightly better results than vertical bed column as the sequential bed is simple and economical, the solution flows in continuous manner under gravity without any mechanical devices and come into contact with fresh adsorbent bed having same amount as that in vertical bed. Therefore sequential bed column can consider in small scale industries for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. Column desorption experiments have also been carried out by using HCl/NaOH as desorbing agent for the regeneration of drug loaded adsorbent column.

A Novel Eco-friendly Bionanocomposite: Synthesis, Optimizing Grafting Factors, Characterization, Adsorption of Ofloxacin Hydrochloride, Reinforcement Elimination System to Pharmaceutical Contaminants

A Novel Eco-friendly Bionanocomposite: Synthesis, Optimizing Grafting Factors, Characterization, Adsorption of Ofloxacin Hydrochloride, Reinforcement Elimination System to Pharmaceutical Contaminants

Analysis of non competitive and competitive adsorption behaviour of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and ofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solution using oryza sativa husk ash (single and binary adsorption of antibiotics)

Among various pharmaceutical pollutants, broad spectrum antibiotics of fluoroquinolones family, emerged as major water contaminants, usually occur in the form of multicomponent mixtures in the aquatic environment. Present study pertains to the adsorption of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and ofloxacin hydrochloride as pure component and binary mixtures under dynamic and equilibrium conditions using oryza sativa husk ash as adsorbent and characterized using XRD, FTIR and SEM analyses. Single batch adsorption was carried out to study the dependence of drug concentration, time, pH and temperature and the process was found to be dependent on all the parameters investigated, with a pH of 8 for optimum removal of both drugs at which binary adsorption of [ciplox + oflox] and [oflox + ciplox] mixture was carried out for concentration ratios 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2 to validate the effect of presence of each on the uptake of other. Applicability of Langmuir multicomponent adsorption isotherm revealed that the affinity of each drug was depressed by the presence of other; hence the effect of the mixtures seemed to be antagonistic. Also the present study highlights the oryza sativa husk ash as a viable, cost-effective and efficient bioadsorbent for the removal of antibiotics from multicomponent mixtures, specifically for small scale industries.

Removal of ofloxacin hydrochloride and paracetamol from aqueous solutions: Binary mixtures and competitive adsorption

The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in water bodies has raised serious concerns about their effect on the environment as well as human health. Ofloxacin hydrochloride (OFL), a fluroquinolone antibiotic and paracetamol (PCM), an analgesic are examples of commonly found drugs in wastewater. The present study aims to investigate the potential use of rice husk ash for the removal of these drugs from water. Rice husk ash was obtained by burning rice husk at 700˚C and characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET and EDX. Effect of factors influencing adsorption like adsorbate concentration, contact time, pH and sorbent dosage were evaluated. Batch studies have been conducted in order to obtain an optimum set of conditions for the maximum adsorption of OFL and PCM at varying drug concentrations of 10–100 mg L−1, contact time of 15 min–180 min and pH ranging from 2 to 12 as per the nature of the drug under study. Equilibrium data were subjected to kinetics and equilibrium studies to get the adsorption rate constant and maximum capacity of sorbent. Isotherm studies show that the maximum adsorption capacity for OFL is 7.34 mg g−1 and that for PCM is 7.65 mg g−1. The influence of one drug on the uptake of the other from binary solutions at varying concentration ratios of OFL and PCM in the ratios 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 has also been investigated for every fixed concentration of primary drug (i.e. 10 mg L−1, 50 mg L−1 and 100 mg L−1).

Removal of pharmaceutical drugs from binary mixtures by use of ZnO nanoparticles

Abstract Among various pharmaceutical compounds, antibiotics, analgesics and antipyretics are the major water contaminants, usually occur in the form of multicomponent mixtures in the aquatic environment. In the present work, competitive adsorption of [ciprofloxacin hydrochloride+ofloxacin hydrochloride] and [diclofenac sodium + paracetamol] from binary solutions, in aqueous medium, using ZnO nanoparticles as adsorbent has been studied. Batch experiments have been conducted for concentration ratios 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 with a view to study the effect of presence of each drug on the uptake of the other. Experiments have been carried out at the optimum pH obtained from single component adsorption studies of respective drugs. The equilibrium adsorption data have been analysed using Langmuir competitive model. For drug ratios varying from 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 in each case, it is observed that percentage removal of the primary component shows a decrease. Results thus indicate an antagonistic effect on the adsorption of each drug due to the presence of the second component.

Preparation and Characterization of Gastroretentive Floating Microspheres of Ofloxacin Hydrochloride

As Ofloxacin is preferably absorbed from the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract and is readily soluble in the acidic environment of the stomach, the floating microspheres of ofloxacin were formulated to develop gastroretentive formulation. These floating microspheres release the drug in the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract and thereby improve the bioavailability. In the present study, six formulations of ofloxacin hydrochloride were prepared as floating microspheres by solvent diffusion technique using polymers such as ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-90 and poly vinyl alcohol in different ratios. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for different physicochemical tests such as particle size, percent drug entrapment, drug content uniformity, SEM, buoyancy test, and in vitro drug release studies. The results of all the physicochemical tests of all formulations were found to be satisfactory. In vitro floatability studies revealed that most of the microspheres (52.5% to 95.5%) were floatable. The in vitro drug release was found to be in the range of 39.64 to 93.64 % at the end of 6 hours. It is concluded that these floating microspheres can be selected for the development of gastroretentive drug delivery system of ofloxacin hydrochloride for potential therapeutic uses.