Off-line Modes Research Articles

ОНЛАЙН-ПЛАТФОРМАДАҒЫ ДИДАКТИКАЛЫҚ РЕСУРСТАРДЫ ПАЙДАЛАНУ ӘДІСТЕРІ

Abstract. The article reveals the problem of using an online platform as a basis for implementing pedagogical interaction on the Internet using various telecommunication channels with on-line or off-line modes, mass communications, social network services to enhance the cognitive activity of students. The concept of “educational online platforms” is revealed, on which innovative teacher tools for organizing an interactive educational process are located, which are in demand when implementing programs for the study and application of interactive technologies in education, since on their basis it is possible not only to provide theoretical and practical educational materials, but also to implement the very interactive interaction of participants in the educational process. The article describes innovative learning technologies, including types of online platforms and ways of using them in the educational process. Thus, the word interactive - the term interaction refers to the tendency to talk or communicate with someone (a person) or with someone (such as a computer) in an interview manner. Innovative educational work is formulated through the rational introduction of new technologies that adapt the educational process to productive learning. These include modern technologies such as cable and satellite television, video conferencing, teleforums, telethons, portfolios, personal achievements in education and training, and life skills training, including social learning, among which various achievements are mentioned. In the article, I focused on various online platforms that I use in the educational process. For example: Quizzlett, Wordwall, Canva, Padlet, Wooclap, Bouncy Balls, etc. Key words. Online learning; educational online platforms; network technologies; interactivity; interactive learning technologies; Internet services

Unveiling the Educational Frontier: An In-Depth Exploration of Offline and Online Learning Modes, Backed by Data-Driven and survey Insights

This research study offers a complete comparison analysis of both systems in order to highlight the distinctive advantages and disadvantages of online and offline education.

Computer-Aided Medical Enhancement of Hybrid Physical Education Teaching through Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Optimization in Online and Offline Modes

Computer-Aided Medical Enhancement of Hybrid Physical Education Teaching through Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Optimization in Online and Offline Modes

OptoPi: An open source flexible platform for the analysis of small animal behaviour

Behaviour is the ultimate output of neural circuit computations, and therefore its analysis is a cornerstone of neuroscience research. However, every animal and experimental paradigm requires different illumination conditions to capture and, in some cases, manipulate specific behavioural features. This means that researchers often develop, from scratch, their own solutions and experimental set-ups. Here, we present OptoPi, an open source, affordable (∼ £600), behavioural arena with accompanying multi-animal tracking software. The system features highly customisable and reproducible visible and infrared illumination and allows for optogenetic stimulation. OptoPi acquires images using a Raspberry Pi camera, features motorised LED-based illumination, Arduino control, as well as irradiance monitoring to fine-tune illumination conditions with real time feedback. Our open-source software (BioImageProcessing) can be used to simultaneously track multiple unmarked animals both in on-line and off-line modes. We demonstrate the functionality of OptoPi by recording and tracking under different illumination conditions the spontaneous behaviour of larval zebrafish as well as adult Drosophila flies and their first instar larvae, an experimental animal that due to its small size and transparency has classically been hard to track. Further, we showcase OptoPi’s optogenetic capabilities through a series of experiments using transgenic Drosophila larvae.

Structures of L-proline trans-hydroxylase reveal the catalytic specificity and provide deeper insight into AKG-dependent hydroxylation.

L-Proline hydroxylase is a member of the non-heme Fe2+/α-ketoglutarate (AKG)-dependent hydroxylase family that catalyzes the reaction from L-proline to hydroxy-L-proline, which is widely used in drug synthesis, biochemistry, food supplementation and cosmetic industries. Here, the first crystal structure of L-proline trans-hydroxylase and its complexes with substrate and product are reported, which reveal the structural basis of trans-cis proline hydroxylation selectivity. Structure comparison with other AKG-dependent hydroxylases identifies conserved amino acid residues, which may serve as signatures of in-line or off-line AKG binding modes in the AKG-dependent enzyme family.

Towards progressive geospatial information processing on web systems: a case study for watershed analysis in Iowa

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are available as stand-alone desktop applications as well as web platforms for vector- and raster-based geospatial data processing and visualization. While each approach offers certain advantages, limitations exist that motivate the development of hybrid systems that will increase the productivity of users for performing interactive data analytics using multidimensional gridded data. Web-based applications are platform-independent, however, require the internet to communicate with servers for data management and processing which raises issues for performance, data integrity, handling, and transfer of massive multidimensional raster data. On the other hand, stand-alone desktop applications can usually function without relying on the internet, however, they are platform-dependent, making distribution and maintenance of these systems difficult. This paper presents RasterJS, a hybrid client-side web library for geospatial data processing that is built on the Progressive Web Application (PWA) architecture to operate seamlessly in both Online and Offline modes. A packaged version of this system is also presented with the help of Web Bundles API for offline access and distribution. RasterJS entails the use of latest web technologies that are supported by modern web browsers, including Service Workers API, Cache API, IndexedDB API, Notifications API, Push API, and Web Workers API, in order to bring geospatial analytics capabilities to large-scale raster data for client-side processing. Each of these technologies acts as a component in the RasterJS to collectively provide a similar experience to users in both Online and Offline modes in terms of performing geospatial analysis activities such as flow direction calculation with hydro-conditioning, raindrop flow tracking, and watershed delineation. A large-scale case study is included in the study for watershed analysis to demonstrate the capabilities and limitations of the library. The framework further presents the potential to be utilized for other use cases that rely on raster processing, including land use, agriculture, soil erosion, transportation, and population studies.

Compact Optical System Based on Scatterometry for Off-Line and Real-Time Monitoring of Surface Micropatterning Processes

In this study, a scatterometry-based monitoring system designed for tracking the quality and reproducibility of laser-textured surfaces in industrial environments was validated in off-line and real-time modes. To this end, a stainless steel plate was structured by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) following a set of conditions with artificial patterning errors. Namely, fluctuations of the DLIP process parameters such as laser fluence, spatial period, and focus position are introduced, and also, two patterning strategies are implemented, whereby pulses are deliberately not fired at both deterministic and random positions. The detection limits of the system were determined by recording the intensities of the zero, first, and second diffraction order using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. As supported by topographical measurements, the system can accurately calculate spatial periods with a resolution of at least 100 nm. In addition, focus shifts of 70 µm from the optimum focus position can be detected, and missing patterned lines with a minimum width of 28 µm can be identified. The validation of this compact characterization unit represents a step forward for its implementation as an in-line monitoring tool for industrial laser-based micropatterning.

A Comparative Analysis of the Online and Offline Modes of Learning

The traditional method of learning has always been followed in India. The global COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the closure of schools. Educational institutions that practiced the traditional approach had to shift entirely either to online or blended mode. Before the pandemic only a handful of students had experienced online mode of learning in India. During the pandemic, students experience either online or blended modes of learning. A survey was conducted on 202 undergraduate student’s post-pandemic period to analyze their experience with the mode of learning. The primary objective of this study was to obtain evaluative from students who attended all three modes of teaching (online, offline, and blended). In this article, we analyze students’ perception of offline, online, and blended modes of learning, their choices on online platforms, offline mode, and whom are they comfortable approaching to get their doubts clarified.

PID-based CNN-LSTM for accuracy-boosted virtual sensor in battery thermal management system

Battery thermal management is essential to achieve good performance and a long battery system lifespan in electric vehicles and stationary applications. Such a thermal management system is dependent on temperature monitoring, which is frequently hampered by the limited sensor measurements. The virtual sensor is brought forward to overcome this physical restriction and provide broader access to the battery’s temperature distribution. Through leveraging the combined convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks to extract both spatial and temporal information from the data, this paper proposes a novel virtual sensing platform. A PID compensator is included to offer auxiliary correction to the inputs and drive the prediction error to zero over time in a feedback loop. Off-line and online modes of this CNN-LSTM virtual sensor are considered. The network, which is trained off-line, will work with the PID compensator in the online mode with real-time sensor data. With the PID-based accuracy-boosted virtual sensor, the performance of the trained CNN-LSTM prediction on real-time data inputs is improved. Besides, this PID compensator reduces the number of hyper-parameters to be tuned. Based on control theory, the design of PID and its analysis are presented as well. With generated battery thermal data, numerical simulations show that the CNN-LSTM-PID virtual sensing framework can achieve the real-time prediction error reduction rate to 35.52% on average with 18.78% less online calculation time.

A Comparative Study of Predictions of Students’ Performances in Offline and Online Modes using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System

Predicting a student's performance can help educational institutions to support the students in improving their academic performance and providing high-quality education. Creating a model that accurately predicts a student's performance is not only difficult but challenging. Before the pandemic situation students were more accustomed to offline i.e., physical mode of learning. As covid-19 took over the world the offline mode of education was totally disturbed. This situation resulted into the new beginning towards online mode of teaching over the Internet. In this article, these two modes are analysed and compared with reference to students’ academic performances. The article models a predicting academic performance of students before covid i.e., physical mode and during Covid i.e., online mode, to help the students to improve their performances. The proposed model works in two steps. First, two sets of students’ previous semester end results (SEE) i.e., after offline mode and after online mode, are collected and pre-processed using normalizing the performances in order to improving the efficiency and accuracy. Secondly, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is applied to predict the academic result performances in both learning modes. Three membership functions gaussian (Gausmf), triangular (Trimf) and gausian-bell (Gbellmf) of ANFIS are used to generate the fuzzy rules for the prediction process proposed in this paper.

Models of settlement legal relations using the digital ruble in online and offline modes

MODELSOFSETTLEMENTLEGALRELATIONSUSINGTHEDIGITALRUBLEINONLINEANDOFFLINEMODES The article analyzes possible models of settlement legal relations using the digital ruble. The legal nature of payments using digital rubles made on the digital ruble platform in online and offline modes is considered. The author analyzes the moment of fulfillment of obligations when calculating the digital currency of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation - the digital ruble, concludes about the appearance of a payment service carried out in the form of digital payments, the difference between the mechanism for making payments in digital rubles online and offline, as well as the emergence of a new object of settlement legal relationship.

A Comparative Study of Online and Offline Micro-loan Platform Modes

With the continuous development of Internet technology and the rapid progress of the financial industry, more and more financial products have chosen the online business mode. The loan business system and risk control management system currently used by many financial institutions and banks can no longer meet the technological progress and customer needs. Therefore, in order to promote the development of the loan business, each online banking financial institution decided to plan to build a credit loan business system to improve the efficiency, risk and controllability of the credit loan business. The speed, openness and transparency of online microfinance platforms have formed a clear contrast with the high requirements, low risks and slow speed of offline microfinance platforms. More and more scholars have studied and discussed this. However, based on China’s national conditions, they have been compared from different aspects. Therefore, this paper will make a comparative analysis from four aspects: the generation of the two microfinance platforms, the people served, the loan products, and the risk control.

Проблеми дистанційного викладання загальної практики-сімейної медицини на додипломному рівні і шляхи їхнього вирішення

Topicality. Online-learning, which has become a requirement of the circumstances of the epidemiological situation in Ukraine, leads to a number of problems that have to be solved in this way, as far as possible, taking into account the real possibilities of logistics and staffing of the educational process. The aim is to analyze the main problems of distance learning of the discipline «general practice-family medicine» at the undergraduate level of higher medical education, as well as to suggest possible ways to solve them. Main part. The main problem of distance learning of the discipline «general practice-family medicine» is the lack of a real practical part of the lesson. An important stage in the work of a primary care physician at the present stage is the development of skills in working with the E-Health-system, which has become impossible online. An important disadvantage of distance learning is the lack of need for students and teachers to maintain the image of a professional form. A significant problem is the lack of practice by students of the skill of advising the patient with certain real problems and diseases, because each situation is personalized. There is also the problem of technical inconveniences when working online, which prevents the full development of the content of the lesson. The limited ability to work in groups with peers prevents you from feeling feedback from other participants in the learning process. In the context of distance learning, teachers should try to solve the above problems. At the departments that teach general practice-family medicine, it is necessary to ask students to work independently to consider interesting clinical situations of comorbid patients. Considering clinical situations, it is necessary to develop algorithms for comprehensive examination of patients in the outpatient phase, rational schemes of diagnosis and treatment, both protocol and adjuvant, as the medicine of the future must become more personalized, integrative and preventive, especially in the oup-patient. Conclusions: Today there is an urgent need to develop and implement in the educational process of distance learning programs that meet the best world standards and provide training for medical professionals at a high professional level. The use of the Internet provides the ability to quickly access the information resources of the institution and the ability to effectively interact «teacher-student», both online and off-line modes. It is necessary to work in such a way as to minimize the shortcomings of distance learning in the teaching of clinical disciplines. In addition, the deepening of knowledge about coronavirus infection, the basics of its epidemiology, clinic, treatment and prevention, in our opinion, will expand the possibilities of conducting classes in clinical disciplines in an off-line mode, but optimal effective distance learning will always be in demand.

Сomparative tests of differentiated fertilizer application for wheat using task cards and nitrogen scanner

In the training and experimental farm of the Kuban State Agrarian University Krasnodarskoe from February 19 to July 6, 2020, an experiment was conducted on the comparative analysis of differentiated fertilizer application in on-line and off-line modes. The aim of the experiment was to compare the modes of differentiated application of nitrogen fertilizers (first and second top dressing) for winter wheat using task maps and GreenSeeker sensors. The calculation of economic efficiency showed that when using nitrogen scanners, fertilizers are saved on average 16 kg / ha, compared to the mode of creating task maps based on the NDVI index based on satellite data without losing grain yield and quality (gluten content increased by 2.3 %; protein content-0.6 %).

Automated system of remote holding competitive and assessment procedures

At present, organizational and reporting activities during the admission of exams, the defense of students’ FQPs, dissertations using on-line services and videoconferencing are carried out manually and require laborious routine work of their organizers. The purpose of the work is to develop a web application that provides automation of events during the assessment and competitive procedures in on-line and off-line modes. The design of a formal educational or scientific attestation event is carried out according to the model of expert competitive assessment of objects: collection of evaluated objects-selection of evaluation criteria-expert evaluation of objects. The creation of a web application is realized using the latest technologies for developing single-page web applications (SPA). The use of the developed web application allows organizing the procedure for expert assessment of objects/subjects in real time in conjunction with video communication systems. The organizer can be any user who takes on the role of a moderator of the event. The attracted experts can, in parallel with the video presentation of the participants, familiarize themselves with their materials, give marks in real time according to the criteria set by the organizer. Experimental testing of the developed application showed the possibility of its application in carrying out various competitive and assessment procedures in education. The resulting software product can be widely used in the educational process of any educational institution and its development is not laborious.

LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL ESP PRINCIPLES TEACHING IN THE MULTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY GROUPS

Global world requires specialists both to communicate effectively in a multicultural-proficiency-oriented environment and to be able to search, process and share the information within the small groups or big teams of collaborators. Teaching experience proves that the first-year students majority who study in multicultural academic University groups are characterized as underdeveloped skills of communication both in oral and written speech, especially when the different nations representatives and nationalities use the linguistic and extralinguistic means peculiar to the ethical and moral norms. More difficulties arise when foreigners need to communicate the proficiency-oriented or culturally-coloured information via technical devices. The Universities being the establishments for multicultural communities evidently feel the necessity to use each lesson for cultivating cross-cultural awareness of the learners. Forasmuch, being at the University, foreign and Ukrainian students are need to grow professionally and culturally, we developed the technology of teaching ESP aimed at filling in this gap. The technology core is the usage of the linguistic-and-cultural component in tandem with the regular of the ESP course materials. The present article contains the materials and actual facts from the this technology implementation while teaching ESP in off-line and on-line modes. The authors discuss forms and regimes of students’ work, explain the merits of cross-cultural development of each and every individual involved in the process of learning via mutual cooperation. The perspectives of the research are seen in the designing of the ESP course on the theoretical and practical data from the investigation done

Technology of Pesticides and Fertilizers Application with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Digital Agriculture

Digital agriculture predetermines the development of robotic agricultural technologies for the application of pesticides and fertilizers using unmanned aerial systems, which are based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with a certain working load for monitoring agricultural land and applying agrochemicals. ( Research purpose ) To develop a technology for variable-rate application of pesticides and fertilizers using unmanned aerial vehicles in digital agriculture. ( Materials and methods ) In the process of study, the authors used the methodological recommendations on the application of chemicals in the precision farming system (offered by VIM), as well as the normative and technical documentation for unmanned aircraft systems. ( Results and discussion ) It was shown that the developed technology includes the sequential execution of information and technological operations in off-line and on-line modes. It was found that the application rate of the liquid pesticides of 10-20 liters per hectare reduces losses due to drift from the treatment area and ensures the highest productivity of pesticide application using unmanned aerial vehicles. It was determined that the field processing performance increases as the run length increases, and decreases with the increasing flow rate of the liquid chemical. The rational run length was established to equal 0.8-3.2 kilometers. The authors established requirements for the spraying quality of unmanned aerial vehicles. It was proved that to increase the productivity of unmanned aerial vehicles during plant top-dressing, it is necessary to use unmanned aerial vehicles with a larger working load of 300-400 kilograms. ( Conclusions ) The authors have developed a technology for variable-rate application of pesticides and fertilizers using unmanned aerial vehicles, algorithms for preparing them for flight, monitoring agricultural lands, making a field orthophotomap, electronic maps of vegetation indices, the phytosanitary status of crops, and variable-rate application of pesticides and fertilizers.

Metal–Organic Frameworks in Solid-Phase Extraction Procedures for Environmental and Food Analyses

Environmental and food analysis usually require the use of sample preparation steps, with significant utilization of solid-phase extraction techniques. This review article covers recent trends in the use of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as novel sorbents, with particular emphasize on miniaturized methods to follow green analytical chemistry principles. Thus, the use of MOFs in miniaturized solid-phase extraction (µSPE), performed in static off-line and on-line modes, and solid-phase microextraction (SPME), including the on-line procedures of in-tube and on-disk approaches, will be described with particular emphasis on the specific applications.

The Role of Motor Activity in Insight Problem Solving (the Case of the Nine-Dot Problem).

Attempts to estimate the contribution made by motor activity to insight problem solving is hindered by a lack of detailed description of motor behavior. The goal of this study was to develop and put to the test a novel method for studying the dynamics of insight problem solving based on a quantitative analysis of ongoing motor activity. As a proper problem model, we chose the nine-dot problem (Maier, 1930), in which solvers had to draw a sequence of connected line segments. Instead of using the traditional pen-and-paper way of solving the nine-dot problem we asked participants to use their index finger to draw line segments on the surface of a tablet computer. We are arguing that successful studying of the role of motor activity during problem solving requires the distinction between its instrumental and functional role. We considered the functional role on the motor activity as closely related to the on-line mode of motor planning. The goal of Experiment 1 was to explore the potential power of the method and, at the same time, to assay the patterns of motor activity related to on-line and off-line modes of motor planning. Experiments 2 and 3 were designed to uncover the potential impact of preliminary motor training on the motor output of successful and unsuccessful problem solvers. In these experiments, we tested hypotheses on how preliminary motor training, which presumably played a functional role in Experiment 2 and an instrumental role in Experiment 3, affects the motor activity of a problem solver and hence their effectiveness in solving the problem. The three experiments showed consistent results. They suggest that successful solving of the nine-dot problem relies upon the functional role of motor activity and requires both off-line and on-line modes of motor planning, with the latter helping to overcome the perceptual constraints imposed by a spatial arrangement of the nine dots. The method that we applied allows for systematic comparison between successful and unsuccessful problem solvers based on the quantitative parameters of their motor activity. Through it, we found new specific patterns of motor activity that differentiate successful and unsuccessful solvers.

Air sampling unit for breath analyzers.

The paper presents a portable breath sampling unit (BSU) for human breath analyzers. The developed unit can be used to probe air from the upper airway and alveolar for clinical and science studies. The BSU is able to operate as a patient interface device for most types of breath analyzers. Its main task is to separate and to collect the selected phases of the exhaled air. To monitor the so-called I, II, or III phase and to identify the airflow from the upper and lower parts of the human respiratory system, the unit performs measurements of the exhaled CO2 (ECO2) in the concentration range of 0%-20% (0-150 mm Hg). It can work in both on-line and off-line modes according to American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society standards. A Tedlar bag with a volume of 5 dm3 is mounted as a BSU sample container. This volume allows us to collect ca. 1-25 selected breath phases. At the user panel, each step of the unit operation is visualized by LED indicators. This helps us to regulate the natural breathing cycle of the patient. There is also an operator's panel to ensure monitoring and configuration setup of the unit parameters. The operation of the breath sampling unit was preliminarily verified using the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) laboratory setup. At this setup, volatile organic compounds were extracted by solid phase microextraction. The tests were performed by the comparison of GC/MS signals from both exhaled nitric oxide and isoprene analyses for three breath phases. The functionality of the unit was proven because there was an observed increase in the signal level in the case of the III phase (approximately 40%). The described work made it possible to construct a prototype of a very efficient breath sampling unit dedicated to breath sample analyzers.