Office Of The United Nations High Commissioner For Human Rights Research Articles

Corporate Human Rights in the Context of Corporate Social Responsibility: Relationship with Firm Performance in Extractive Industry

Keywords: 
 corporate social responsibility, corporate human rights, firm performance 
 
 Paper type: 
 Research 
 In this study, corporate human rights (CHR) performance is evaluated within the framework of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The emergence and development of corporate human rights (CHR) and the benchmarks prepared on the basis of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights established within the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) is evaluated. The CHR performances of multinational enterprises operating in the oil, gas and mineral mining (extractives) sector all over the world in 2019 examined. 54 multinational extractive corporations included in the analysis. The relationship between the financial performances and CHR scores is examined by correlation analysis, and significant relationships found between CHR and total revenue, total assets, EBITDA, price to book and net profit margin.

Politics of gender: challenges of being a feminist male women human rights defender in the north-eastern periphery of India

ABSTRACT Masculinity and manhood are prerequisite characteristics desired and demanded from every male individual born in Indian society. They are taught to become an ‘Ideal Indian Man’ from the time they are born. Critical reading of masculine attributes is an important facet of feminist discourse. Men who become a part of this quest and movement as ‘women rights activists’, fighting against gender inequality, are often ridiculed and discouraged. In this context, this paper brings out the narratives and struggles of being a male ‘women human rights defender’ in India. According to the information published on the official website of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), women human rights defenders (WHRDs) are people of all genders who work, promote, defend, advance, and advocate for gender equality, and stand for the cause of human rights of women. Hence, going by the definition mentioned above, I argue that a feminist man working relentlessly on women’s issues will surely fall under the category of ‘women human rights defenders’. Their personal experiences and struggles as WHRDs working in their local areas voice varied forms of challenges, stigma, ostracisation, and life risks that otherwise go unnoticed, unspoken, and at times trivialised because of their gender. With an objective to bring out a broader conversation between masculinity studies and feminist scholarship, this paper analyses the challenges of being feminist male WHRDs. To examine this position as a WHRD, the paper will look into the questions of (1) being a man who is always looked upon with suspicion as a person occupying a privileged gender position; (2) a man working on gender-sensitive issues such as human/sex trafficking, child abuse, violence, conflict, and displacement; and (3) his regional location and social class. This paper will structure details of different forms of gender-based lived experiences of selected male WHRDs working in various districts of Assam and West Bengal, through personal interview methods.

Changes in the criminal legislation since the beginning of the military aggression of the russia in 2014 and military actions from february 2022 in Ukraine

With reference to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, from April 14, 2014 to the beginning of September 2022, from 42 to 44 thousand people were injured or killed in the fighting in Donbas (Donetsk and Luhansk regions). Since February 2022, between 13,100 and 13,300 people have died as a result of the war. Of them, 3,375 are civilians, approximately 4,150 are Ukrainian military personnel, and approximately 5,700 are militants. In addition, 29,500–33,500 people have been injured since the beginning of hostilities in Donbas. Of them, 7,000 to 9,000 civilians, 9,700 to 10,700 Ukrainian military personnel, and 12,700 to 13,700 militants. Thus, civilians account for 25-26% of the total number of dead. This ratio also applies to injuries. However, it is worth noting that this ratio has changed significantly over the years: from 33-34% in 2014 to 4-5% in 2019-2022.
 In the UN, among the statistics of the deaths of military personnel, there are also cases not directly related to military operations. In particular, as a result of careless handling of weapons, traffic accidents, illnesses during service in the conflict zone, murders and suicides, which make up about 30% of the total number.
 Additionally, in 2019 and 2020, up to 40% of military deaths in a conflict zone are due to disease, homicide, suicide, traffic accidents, and other non-combat related causes. However, these cases are not included in the specified ratio.
 From February 24, 2022, when the armed attack of the Russian Federation on Ukraine began, until midnight (local time) on August 20, 2022, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) recorded 10,308 victims among the country's civilian population: 4,597 dead and 5,711 wounded," the message reads.
 According to the UN, among the dead: 1,775 men, 1,186 women, 128 girls and 144 boys, as well as 41 children and 1,323 adults, whose gender is still unknown. Injured: 1159 men, 810 women, 127 girls and 168 boys, as well as 176 children and 3271 adults, whose gender is unknown. As noted in the UN, most people died from explosive weapons with a wide area of ​​​​defeat - heavy artillery, rocket systems of salvo fire, rockets and airstrikes.
 Since February of this year, law enforcement officers have discovered 1,332 bodies of civilians killed by the Russian occupiers in the Kyiv region. Commenting on these events, the head of the police of the Kyiv region Andriy Nebitov noted that, unfortunately, the bodies of the killed people are still there, most of them were killed with small arms, or automatic weapons, or snipers, or even the last burial discovered in August 2022 - 7 people were executed. The victims were shot both in the knees and the head. All identified killed persons turned out to be civilians. The police of the Kyiv region have already registered more than 3,000 criminal proceedings, crimes committed by the Russian military.

Setting the Wrong Standard: A Review of Separated:

From 2017 to 2019, Soboroff covered “the greatest human-rights catastrophe” on American soil, uncovering the systematic separation of migrant families at the US-Mexico border, which had become the official policy of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).1 The author’s experience brings a personal element to his fact-based reporting, which skillfully incorporates sources from the DHS, Office of Refugee Resettlement, Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Health and Human Services (HHS), and global immigration-focused nonprofits. Even when the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) condemned the policy for being an “arbitrary and unlawful interference in family life” and “a serious violation of the rights of the child,” the evasion of responsibility continued.8 In a statement following the accusation, former US Ambassador to the UN Nikki Haley wrote, “While the High Commissioner’s office ignorantly attacks the United States with words, the United States leads the world with its actions.” After his harrowing descriptions of children wailing for their parents in overcrowded detention centers, it is not surprising that PHR discovered mental health conditions in many of the young children they evaluated.12 In a report from October 2020, PHR detailed the conditions brought about by the trauma of family separation, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder.13 In an article for Human Rights Watch, senior quantitative analyst Brain Root explains that family separation in the United States is symptomatic of a much larger global problem: a disregard for the basic human rights of migrants.14 At the height of the Syrian refugee crisis in 2015, xenophobic policies put into place by populist leaders from Italy to Hungary were similarly justified by national security. In 2019, the DHS implemented the Migrant Protection Protocols, or the Remain in Mexico policy, which primarily targeted asylum seekers from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Mexico.17 Under this policy, asylum seekers were forced to wait for delayed asylum hearings in makeshift camps on the other side of the border, where the risk of homicide, femicide, kidnapping, and sexual assault was high.

Introduction: Communication Rights in the Digital Age

Introduction: Communication Rights in the Digital Age

4 Migration research and analysis: Growth, reach and recent contributions

4 Migration research and analysis: Growth, reach and recent contributions

10 Migrants caught in crises: Contexts, responses and innovation

10 Migrants caught in crises: Contexts, responses and innovation

To Move Between and Often Within

In February 2017, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) released a damning report of human rights abuses perpetrated against the Rohingya. The report was based on interviews with Rohingya fleeing from Myanmar since 9 October 2016, with research continuing up to January 2017. Many recounted personal experiences of violence and physical, life-threatening harm. The report received some attention among humanitarian agencies (many of which have been banned from accessing Rakhine state) but was largely ignored by the international press. Headlines that week focused on the Trump administration’s attempts to defend its travel ban. This poem contains fragments and modifications of the report. It is not an attempt to supplant the voices of those at the heart of the report, but—by stripping down its language—an attempt to make (and mend) our ways of reading (and hearing) their stories.

To Move Between and Often Within

In February 2017, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) released a damning report of human rights abuses perpetrated against the Rohingya. The report was based on interviews with Rohingya fleeing from Myanmar since 9 October 2016, with research continuing up to January 2017. Many recounted personal experiences of violence and physical, life-threatening harm. The report received some attention among humanitarian agencies (many of which have been banned from accessing Rakhine state) but was largely ignored by the international press. Headlines that week focused on the Trump administration’s attempts to defend its travel ban. This poem contains fragments and modifications of the report. It is not an attempt to supplant the voices of those at the heart of the report, but—by stripping down its language—an attempt to make (and mend) our ways of reading (and hearing) their stories.

Humanitarian disaster for Rohingya refugees: impending natural hazards and worsening public health crises.

Humanitarian disaster for Rohingya refugees: impending natural hazards and worsening public health crises.

English

The World Programme for Human Rights Education (2005 ongoing), set up by United Nations General Assembly and coordinated by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in partnership with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) seeks to promote a common understanding of basic principles and methodologies of human rights education, to provide a realistic framework for action, and to strengthen partnerships and cooperation from international to grass-root levels. Aligned with the World Programme for Human Rights Education, the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (SUHAKAM) in partnership with the Ministry of Education Malaysia implemented the first phase of the Best Practices of Human Rights programme, known as the ATHAM programme in five selected secondary schools in Malaysia. A research study using mixed method sequential exploratory design was conducted to examine the schools experiences with the ATHAM programme in terms of participation, implementation and challenges. The respondents consisted of school administrators, teachers and pupils; in total, 103 respondents were interviewed and 798 respondents answered the questionnaires. Drawing from these schools experiences, this article discusses the best practices of human rights or ATHAM programme in selected secondary schools in Malaysia.

Food for Thought: Exploring the Right to Food in Theory and Practice

The Fight for the Right to Food: Lessons Learned is written by the first United Nations (UN) Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food and his team at the Research Unit on the Right to Food, which was founded in 2001 at the Graduate Institute of Development Studies in Geneva with the remit of providing research support to the Special Rapporteur in collaboration with staff at the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). The book documents the work undertaken by the first Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food during his eight-year mandate and combines legal, theoretical and conceptual ideas of the right to food with an operational understanding of the right in practice. Although there have been a number of notable texts published previously on the human right to food (see Kent, 2005; Eide and Kracht (eds), 2005), this book is important as it offers more than a discussion of the legal provisions for the right to food: the authors not only examine the right to food under human rights law, but explore the wider context in which the right to food operates. This includes an essential examination of the concept of food security and its relationship with the right to food as well as analysing the impact of international political and economic phenomena, such as globalization, international trade liberalization and armed conflict, on the realization of the right.