Species Diversity Of Odonata Research Articles

Species diversity of Odonata as a bioindicator of water pollution in the Batang Harau watershed, Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra

The Batang Harau River was located in Nagari Paninjauan, X Koto District, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. The local community uses this river as a water source to carry out various daily activities, such as the irrigation of rice fields; household activities, and household waste disposal. The research aimed to analyze the comparison of dragonfly species diversity as a bioindicator for pollution in several habitat types (natural, rice fields, and settlements). The observations were made by exploring and walking along the river in the morning (9 am – 12 am) and evening (3 pm - 5 pm). The Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method was modified using a 20 m x 10 m plot, and all dragonflies found in this area were collected using an insect net. The data obtained were analyzed using the ShannonWienner diversity index, the Margalef species richness index, and Simpson’s dominance index. A total of 280 individuals, 12 species from 7 families, were collected in this study site. Most Odonata species were found in natural areas, followed by rice fields and settlements. The environmental conditions have affected the diversity of Odonata. The odonates can be used as bioindicators of the aquatic environment, especially in the suborder Zygoptera, which is dominantly found in natural habitats.

Variations in the Odonata Assemblages: How Do the Dry Season and Water Bodies Influence Them?

Diverse abiotic and biotic factors drive the ecological variation of communities across spatial and temporal dimensions. Within the Amazonian landscape, various freshwater environments exhibit distinct physicochemical characteristics. Thus, our study delved into the fluctuations of Odonata assemblages amidst distinct water bodies within Amazonia, encompassing two distinct climatic seasons. Comparative analysis was conducted on Odonata species diversity and assemblage composition across a blackwater pond, a lake, and a stream, spanning the initiation and culmination of the dry season in the southwestern Amazon region in Peru. Our methodology involved capturing adult Odonata using entomological nets on three separate occasions between 11:00 and 14:00h for each water body in May (beginning of the dry season) and October (end of the dry season) of 2018. We also evaluated the influence of temperature, precipitation, and percent cloud cover on the abundance and richness of adult Odonata. Species richness and composition differed among the three water bodies in both periods of the dry season. No effect of the dry season periods on species richness and abundance was observed. However, except in the oxbow lake, the more abundant species were substituted to the end of the dry season. Our study highlights the influence of water body types on Odonata species diversity and composition. The effects of the sampling period during the dry season may not be immediately apparent in conventional diversity metrics, such as species richness and abundance. Instead, its effects manifest predominantly in the relative abundance of the species that compose these assemblages.

Species diversity of Odonata in the urban ecosystem of Iligan City, Philippines

Abstract. Banaybanay DP, Amparado OA, Morilla LJG, Estaño LA. 2024. Species diversity of Odonata in the urban ecosystem of Iligan City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 890-899. Urbanization impacts ecosystem function and services, resulting in changes in ecological processes, increasing human population, and biodiversity loss. This threat may influence Odonata species' abundance, diversity, and distribution in freshwater habitats. The survey of Odonata in the urban ecosystem in Iligan City was carried out from December 2022 to March 2023 to determine the species diversity, abundance, endemism, distribution, and their correlation to various environmental parameters in freshwater habitat in this area. Field sampling was conducted in six identified barangays: Barangay Tubod, Bagong Silang, Del Carmen, Villa Verde, Poblacion, and Ubaldo Laya. The study recorded 569 individuals consisting of two major Odonate families, the Family Libellulidae, comprising nine species: Acisoma panorpoides, Brachydiplax chalybea, Crocothemis servilia, Diplacodes trivialis, Neurothemis terminata, Neurothemis ramburii, Orthetrum sabina, Rhodothemis rufa and Trithemis aurora; and Family Coenagrionidae with four species: Agriocnemis femina, Ceriagrion lieftincki, Ischnura senegalensis and Pseudagrion pilidorsum. Among the recorded species, I. senegalensis (34.80%) was found to be the most abundant species, followed by A. femina (32.51%) and O. sabina (10.54%), which are encountered in all sampling sites. Meanwhile, the low diversity and low endemism (7.69%) were recorded in all sampling areas, with C. lieftincki as the only Philippine endemic recorded in Iligan City Wet Park and Barangay Bagong Silang. Canonical correspondence analysis reveals that environmental factors such as air temperature, water temperature, water pH, water turbidity, and relative humidity are crucial parameters in determining the assemblage of Odonata. Overall, urban ecosystems in Iligan City are dominated by oriental species, signifying that the areas are heavily disturbed. Therefore, urgent management of urban ecosystems is required to enhance the city's ecological health, sustainability, and insect biodiversity.

An ecological study of freshwater ecosystem and its colligation to Odonates assemblages in Ipogun, Southwest Nigeria

BackgroundOdonata (dragonfly and damselfly) are particularly good indicators of freshwater ecosystem health. The constant disturbance of freshwater habitats can result in the reduction of Odonata species diversity. Changes in Odonata biodiversity are influenced by several human activities, such as agriculture, urbanization, input of pollutants in water and construction. This study was carried out to assess the abundance and diversity of Odonata, evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of water, and compare the community structure of Odonata at three selected sites along River Aponmu in Ipogun. Adult odonates were sampled and identified for 11 months using a sweep net, water samples were collected and some parameters were determined during the study period.ResultsA total of 906 specimens representing sixty-four (64) species and sixteen (16) genera in seven (7) families (Coenagrionidae, Lestidae, Platycnemididae, Chlorocyphidae, Calopterygidae, Libellulidae, and Gomphidae) were collected and identified. Of the 906 specimens, Libellulidae had the highest percentage composition (44%) with 395 individuals out of which Trithemis arteriosa (a pollution tolerant species) had the highest number of individuals (225) and Gomphidae had the lowest percentage composition (0.03%) with 1 individual. Most of the species collected are known for their tolerance to disturbed environments. They include Pseudagrion melanicterum, Paragomphus genei, and Orthetrum Julia. Aponmu area had the highest species diversity (H′ = 2.312) while Idi area had the least species diversity (H′ = 2.021). Alaasin area had the highest Simpson_d value (0.8557) and the best taxa distribution (Evenness = 0.524; Equitability_J = 0.7764) which makes the area more pristine than other sites while Aponmu area had the least distribution (Evenness = 0.3365; Equitability_J = 0.6798). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) result of physicochemical parameters revealed that temperature (°C), pH, Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L), turbidity (NTU), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L), NO3 (mg/L), and PO4 (mg/L) did not show significant difference at the three sites while EC (µS/cm) and TDS (mg/L) which have moderately high mean values indicated significant difference at Aponmu area (p < 0.05). T. arteriosa exhibited a weak negative correlation to both temperature and DO.ConclusionsThis study has provided information on Odonata assemblage at River Aponmu and infers based on the assemblage that the river may be somewhat polluted at the period the research was carried out. It is therefore recommended that efforts should therefore be taken to discourage water pollution in order to preserve the diversity of these insects and the water quality.

Stream restorations with meanders increase dragonfly and damselfly diversity and abundance, including an endangered species

This study presents examples of successful restoration projects for biodiversity conservation. In West France, the Pinail National Nature Reserve is a protected wetland interspersed with more than 6000 ponds. This wetland is inhabited by 50 species of Odonata and thus is a key biodiversity area for damselflies and dragonflies conservation. In the past, when the limestone was exploited, the streams of the plateau were artificially channeled rectilinearly, running to the Vienne River. Eventually streams were blocked by biomass and sediments resulting in water flowing mainly underground. In 2011, two restoration projects dug and recreated lost habitats such as running streams and meanders by openly reconnecting bodies of standing water (two sites: Rivau (20 m) and Hutte (400 m) streams). The Odonata species diversity and abundance are annually monitored following transect inventories since 1995 and still ongoing. Diversity and abundance were compared before and after the restoration. The abundance and species diversity increased at both sites due to the addition of lotic habitats and consequently additional new species. The number of observed species almost doubled on the Rivau (from 5.4 observed species to 9.9 spp). By extrapolation the total species number on site increased from 15 to 18 spp to 29–37 spp. The abundance also greatly increased with 770 % more individuals on the Rivau. Similarly, on the 400 m Hutte stream, the extrapolated diversity increased from 31 to 38 spp to 35–43 spp; as well as the abundance with 475 % more individuals. These restoration projects created new habitats leading to local biodiversity enrichment and conservation success. More specifically, Coenagrion mercuriale (Odonata: Zygoptera), one of Europe's most threatened damselflies and listed in the European Habitats directive, successfully recolonized the Rivau stream and colonized the Hutte stream.

Studies on influence of human activities on the species diversity of Odonata in parts of Lagos metropolis

This study was conducted to determine dragonfly species diversity in a fish pond in Igbaga, Ikorodu (6.6671°N and 3.5983°E)and a large expanse of farm land in Ipaja (6.6044°N and 3.2660°E), southwestern Nigeria from January, 2016 to July, 2016 to as well as the effect of anthropogenic activities on the dragonflies at both sites. A total of 1002 dragonflies were collected belonging to20 species, 15 genera, and two families (Libellulidae and Aesnidae), were found at the two locations. The most dominant species in Site 1 (Ikorodu fish farm) was Chalcostephia flavifrons (36%) followed by Palpopleura lucia (15%) and the least were Palpopleura albifrons, Gynacantha nigeriensis, Diplacodes lefebvrii and Trithemis grouti which were one percent of the total numbers sampled. On the other hand, the most dominant species in Site 2 (Agricultural Farm in Ipaja) was Pantala flavescens (92%) and the least was Urothemis asignata (1%). Similarity test using Soerensen's quotient revealed a strong dissimilarity in the community structures of the two areas surveyed. The fish pond had a more even distribution of the dragonflies(e^H/S=0.508) and a higher concentration (H´=1.808) of dragonflies than Ipaja agricultural farm.

A preliminary checklist of odonates in Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) campus, Thrissur District, Kerala, southern India

A study was conducted to document the species diversity of Odonata (Insecta) of the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) campus, Thrissur, Kerala, southern India. A total of 52 species including 36 species of Anisoptera (dragonflies) and 16 species of Zygoptera (damselflies) were recorded during the one year long study. The study reported two Near Threatened species such as Heliogomphus promelas and Indothemis carnatica.

Patterns in the diversity of dragonflies (Odonata) in cities across Central Europe

Urbanisation is an important cause of species extinctions. Although urban water systems are also highly modified, studies on aquatic or semi-aquatic organisms are rare. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that determine species richness of Odonata in 22 Central European cities and along an urban-rural gradient within six of them. With 64 indigenous species in total and an average of 33 species per city, the species richness of Odonata in Central European cities is comparatively high. A generalised linear model indicates that species richness is positively related to city area. Additional predictors are climatic variables (temperature amplitude, sunshine duration and July temperature) and the year last studied. Since most cities are usually located in areas with naturally high habitat heterogeneity, we assume that cities should be naturally rich in dragonflies. The role of city area as a surrogate for habitat and structural richness most likely explains why it is strongly associated with Odonata species richness. The relationship between species richness and the climatic variables probably reflects that Odonata species richness in Central Europe is limited by warm and sunny conditions more than by availability of water. The temporal effect (the year last studied) on species richness is likely to be a consequence of the recent increase in Mediterranean species associated with global warming. Urbanisation clearly has an adverse effect on the species diversity of Odonata. Species richness increases along a gradient from the centre of a city to the rural area and is significantly highest in rural areas. This pattern probably reflects a gradient of increasing habitat quality from the centre of cities to rural areas. Moreover, the number of water bodies is generally very low in the city centres. Based on our results, we make recommendations for increasing the abundance and number of species of dragonflies in cities.

Species diversity of Odonata in the selected provenances of sandal in southern India

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Dragonfly communities in coastal habitats of Kenya: indication of biotope quality and the need of conservation measures

This study highlights the species diversity of Odonata from coastal forests in southern Kenya, identifying indicator species for certain habitat types and emphasising the importance of conserving the last remaining coastal forest areas. A total of 78 species were recorded from coastal habitats in southern Kenya in this study; five species for the first time in eastern Africa. Dragonfly communities relative to different habitat types from indigenous forest to cultivated landscapes are described and compared. The forest species are often confined to coastal forests of East Africa. They are stenotopic and highly sensitive to disturbance. With increasing habitat disturbance the species richness increases at first, but most of the colonisers are eurytopic species that are common and widely distributed in Africa. The species assemblages between different habitat types in the disturbed landscape are more or less the same; the β-diversity is much lower than in different habitat types of the natural coastal landscape. In the end, management implications are briefly discussed.