Squamous Cell Carcinoma Odds Research Articles

Higher odds of squamous cell carcinoma in sexual minority males compared to heterosexual males is mediated by HIV status in a mediation analysis of 13,687 participants.

Higher odds of squamous cell carcinoma in sexual minority males compared to heterosexual males is mediated by HIV status in a mediation analysis of 13,687 participants.

Racial/ethnic differences in incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in California.

11139 Background: Squamous cell lung carcinoma is strongly associated with a history of smoking. Typically, no actionable mutations are found, and treatment options are more limited. It is not known if race has any impact on the incidence of squamous cell cancers, especially for Asian ethnicities since most studies combine multiple Asian populations in an Asian/Pacific Islander (API) category. The purpose of this study was to compare the odds of squamous cell carcinoma versus adenocarcinoma in Hispanic, American Indian, Middle Eastern, and 7 Asian ethnicities when compared with both Black and White men and women. Methods: We accessed 211,987 cases of invasive lung cancer with either squamous cell or adenocarcinoma from the California Cancer Registry 2000-2020. Race was categorized as White, African American/Black, Hispanic, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Middle Eastern, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, Southeast Asian (SEA), Pacific Islander, or Asian Indian. Separate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the odds of squamous cell versus adenocarcinoma for each race/ethnicity using White and Black as the reference categories. Analyses were conducted separately for males and females and adjusted for age, smoking status, socioeconomic status, marital status, and Charlson Comorbidity Score. Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. Results: When compared with White men, American Indian men had increased odds (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.88) and Black, Hispanic, Chinese, Filipino, SEA men had decreased odds of squamous cell carcinoma. Japanese women had increased odds (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.07) while Black, Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Filipino, and SEA women had decreased odds of squamous cell carcinoma when compared with White women. When compared with Black men, White men, (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.24) American Indian, (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.13) and Korean (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.73) men had increased odds and Chinese, Filipino, and SEA men had decreased odds of squamous cell carcinoma. White, (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.28) Japanese, (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.28, 2.39) and Korean (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.42) women had increased odds and Southeast Asians had decreased odds when compared with Black women. Conclusions: Some Asian ethnicities have a higher risk for squamous cell lung cancer than both Black and White men and women even after adjusting for smoking. This is not apparent when the Asian ethnicities are classified as API. Examining individual Asian ethnicities is important since they have little to no shared genetic or cultural variables and are grouped together for convenience rather than any scientifically plausible reason.

Functional genotype-phenotype associations in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

Genotype-phenotype associations in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) have been difficult to elucidate. To investigate RDEB genotype-phenotype associations and explore a functional approach to genotype classification. Clinical examination and genetic testing of RDEB subjects, including assessment of clinical disease by RDEB subtype and extent of blistering. Genotypes were evaluated according to each variant's effect on type VII collagen function per updated literature and subsequently categorized by degree of impact on VII collagen function as low-impact (splice/missense, missense/missense), medium-impact (premature termination codon [PTC]/missense, splice/splice), and high-impact (PTC/PTC, PTC/splice). Genotype-phenotype associations were investigated using Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's exact tests, and age-adjusted regressions. Eighty-three participants were included. High-impact variants were associated with worse RDEB subtype and clinical disease, including increased prevalence of generalized blistering (55.6% for low-impact vs 72.7% medium-impact vs 90.4% high-impact variants, P=.002). In age-adjusted regressions, participants with high-impact variants had 40.8-fold greater odds of squamous cell carcinoma compared to low-impact variants (P=.02), and 5.7-fold greater odds of death compared to medium-impact variants (P=.05). Cross-sectional design. Functional genotype categories may stratify RDEB severity; high-impact variants correlated with worse clinical outcomes. Further validation in larger cohorts is needed.

Epidemiological Trend of Esophageal Cancer at a Tertiary Cancer Center in Mumbai, India, Over the Past 15 Years.

In developed countries, there has been a definite change in the histopathological spectrum of esophageal cancer towards adenocarcinoma. There are limited data from India regarding the histopathological profile of patients with esophageal cancer. We retrospectively evaluated patients with histologically proven esophageal cancer who were registered at the Tata Memorial Hospital (Mumbai, India) between 2003 and 2018. The primary aim of the study was to analyze the time-trend of the histological pattern of esophageal cancer. Our secondary objectives included evaluating whether there was any correlation between the histology of the esophageal cancer and the age, sex, socioeconomic status (the paying ability of the patient, which was reflected in the treatment category of the patient, i.e., private [full payment], general [subsidized payment], or no charge), comorbidities, and a history of substance abuse. Among 7874 patients with esophageal cancer, 5092 (64.7%) were men, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.8:1. The median age was 57years (IQR, 50-65). Of the 4912 patients in whom a history of tobacco or alcohol use had been elicited, 1360 (27.7%) had no history of substance abuse. A majority of the tumors (2942, 37.4%) originated in the middle-third of the esophagus. Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histological type, noted in 6413 (81.4%) patients and remained the most common histologic type consistently through the study with no evidence of a time-trend in the histological pattern. On the multivariate analysis, female sex and a history of substance abuse were associated with higher odds of squamous cell carcinoma, while the presence of comorbidities and lower esophageal/gastroesophageal junction primaries were associated with higher odds of adenocarcinoma. There is no evidence of an epidemiological shift in the histopathologic spectrum of esophageal cancer in India over the last two decades. Four out of five Indian patients with esophageal cancer have squamous cell histology, with the commonest site of origin being the middle third. This is important to recognize, given the varying molecular spectrum and efficacy of therapeutic modalities based on histopathology.

Abstract 3443: Associations of immune-related conditions with squamous cell and basal cell skin cancer risk

Abstract Elevated risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin has been identified in a number of clinical populations with conditions affecting the immune system, such as organ transplant recipients and non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients. However, because many other immune-related conditions are rare, their relationships with SCC and BCC have not been studied. We used Medicare claims to identify SCC and BCC cases in 2012 and to select controls in 2012 matched on sex and age with a 10:1 ratio. All subjects were of white race. For cases and controls, we used Medicare claims during 1999-2011 to identify 44 immune-related conditions (immunosuppressive conditions, autoimmune diseases, hematologic malignancies, and allergic diseases). The statistical significance of associations was determined after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. In Medicare in 2012, there were a total of 470,756 SCC and 601,863 BCC cases. Of the 44 immune-related conditions included, SCC was associated with 41 (93%) and BCC was associated with 31 (70%). For most conditions, SCC was more strongly associated than BCC. We identified significant associations of SCC and BCC risk with well-characterized conditions, such as HIV, rheumatoid arthritis, and allergic rhinitis (SCC odds ratios (ORs) of 1.64, 1.29, and 1.29, respectively; BCC ORs of 1.60, 1.10, and 1.22; Table), as well as with poorly characterized or rare conditions, such as deficiency of cell-mediated immunity and polyarteritis nodosa (SCC ORs of 2.87 and 1.92; BCC ORs of 1.55 and 1.49). In conclusion, most immune-related conditions in our study indicated an elevated risk of non-melanoma skin cancer, particularly SCC. These findings provide evidence that immune dysfunction, as manifest across a wide range of conditions, may play an important role in development of SCC and BCC. Possible mechanisms could include direct effects of immune-related conditions or their treatments. Results from a sample of the immune-related conditions assessedSquamous cell carcinomaBasal cell carcinomaImmune-related conditionsN cases (%)OR95% CIp-valueN cases (%)OR95% CIp-valueTotal470756601863Immunosuppressive conditionsDeficiency of humoral immunity1550 (0.33)2.552.41-2.69<1E-200*1426 (0.24)1.821.72-1.937.1E-99*HIV276 (0.06)1.641.44-1.861.6E-14*366 (0.06)1.601.43-1.784.8E-17*Deficiency of cell-mediated immunity53 (0.01)2.872.11-3.891.5E-12*37 (0.01)1.551.10-2.190.013Autoimmune diseasesRheumatoid arthritis15754 (3.4)1.291.26-1.318.2E-188*16893 (2.8)1.101.09-1.123.7E-33*Pernicious anemia10792 (2.3)1.131.11-1.159.8E-33*11218 (1.9)1.000.98-1.020.90Psoriasis9765 (2.1)1.551.52-1.59<1E-200*9812 (1.6)1.231.20-1.252.0E-79*Polymyalgia rheumatica8567 (1.8)1.281.25-1.316.4E-102*9623 (1.6)1.231.20-1.255.1E-78*Ulcerative colitis3807 (0.81)1.301.26-1.351.5E-52*4524 (0.75)1.251.21-1.293.7E-44*Crohn's disease3121 (0.66)1.641.58-1.714.8E-148*3226 (0.54)1.361.31-1.411.5E-61*Hematologic malignancies and related conditionsNon-Hodgkin lymphoma15165 (3.2)2.252.21-2.29<1E-200*13834 (2.3)1.651.62-1.68<1E-200*Paraproteinemia & related disorders4876 (1.0)1.571.52-1.621.1E-189*5312 (0.88)1.421.38-1.466.5E-128*Aplastic anemia3756 (0.80)1.511.46-1.569.2E-124*3433 (0.57)1.141.10-1.181.7E-13*Multiple myeloma2050 (0.44)1.661.58-1.744.0E-102*1865 (0.31)1.221.17-1.282.4E-16*Leukemia1370 (0.29)1.921.81-2.044.5E-112*1235 (0.21)1.371.29-1.453.5E-25*Allergic diseasesAllergic rhinitis53334 (11)1.291.28-1.30<1E-200*63566 (11)1.221.21-1.23<1E-200*Asthma38871 (8.3)1.131.12-1.141.3E-106*44180 (7.3)1.021.01-1.032.3E-05*Atopic dermatitis/eczema4338 (0.92)1.551.50-1.601.7E-160*4185 (0.70)1.221.18-1.261.7E-33**Associations were statistically significant at a Bonferroni adjusted alpha level of 0.000568 ( = 0.05/88 statistical tests). Citation Format: Elizabeth L. Yanik, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, D. Michal Freedman, Eric A. Engels. Associations of immune-related conditions with squamous cell and basal cell skin cancer risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3443.