Ocular Symptoms Of Allergic Rhinitis Research Articles

Research Advances in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis by Probiotics.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) impairs the quality of life of patients and reduces the efficiency of social work, it is an increasingly serious public medical and economic problem in the world. Conventional anti-allergic drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) can cause certain side effects, which limit the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it makes sense to look for other forms of treatment. Several studies in recent years have shown that probiotics have shown anti-allergic effects in various mouse and human studies. For example, the application of certain probiotic strains can effectively relieve the typical nasal and ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children and adults, thereby improving the quality of life and work efficiency. At the same time, previous studies in humans and mice have found that probiotics can produce multiple effects, such as reduction of Th2 cell inflammatory factors and/or increase of Th1 cell inflammatory factors, changes in allergy-related immunoglobulins and cell migration, regulate Th1/Th2 balance or restore intestinal microbiota disturbance. For patients with limited activity or allergic rhinitis with more attacks and longer attack duration, oral probiotics have positive effects. The efficacy of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis is remarkable, but its specific mechanism needs further study. This review summarizes the research progress of probiotics in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in recent years.

Olopatadine/mometasone combination nasal spray in allergic rhinitis: a profile of its use

Olopatadine/mometasone furoate combination nasal spray (Ryaltris®; referred to hereafter as olopatadine/mometasone), a convenient fixed-dose combination (FDC) of the antihistamine olopatadine and the corticosteroid mometasone furoate, is approved in Australia for the treatment of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) and rhinoconjunctivitis in patients 12 years of age and older. Olopatadine/mometasone is an effective treatment for seasonal and perennial AR, providing statistically significant and clinically meaningful relief of nasal symptoms relative to monocomponents and/or placebo in clinical trials. Ocular symptoms of AR were also improved with olopatadine/mometasone. Benefits of olopatadine/mometasone were maintained over 52 weeks of treatment in adults and adolescents with perennial AR. Olopatadine/mometasone is generally well tolerated, with most treatment-emergent adverse events being of mild to moderate severity.

A randomized study comparing the efficacy of mometasone furoate and fluticasone furoate on the ocular and nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Ocular symptoms like itching, redness and congestion are common in patients with allergic rhinitis. These symptoms affect the quality of life and increase the burden on the healthcare cost. Intranasal steroids are effective in reducing the nasal and ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis. We aim to compare the efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray and fluticasone furoate nasal spray in reducing the nasal and ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 90 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and ocular symptoms were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A (n=46) received 200 µg of mometasone furoate nasal spray once daily and Group B (n=44) received 110 µg of fluticasone furoate nasal spray daily. The patients were assessed by total ocular symptom score [TOSS] and total nasal symptom score [TNSS] at 2, 6 and 12 weeks interval. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was a statistically significant reduction in both the groups in respect to the TOSS and TNSS scores. However the improvement in the TOSS score in the fluticasone furoate group was more than the mometasone furoate group by 6 weeks (p=0.0009), which continued till the 12 weeks (p=0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Fluticasone furoate is more effective than mometasone furoate in managing the ocular and nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis. </p>

Impact of mometasone furoate nasal spray on individual ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis

Intranasal corticosteroids (INSs) are a mainstay of treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) nasal symptoms. The INS mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) has well-documented efficacy and safety for the treatment and prophylaxis of nasal symptoms of seasonal AR (SAR) and for the treatment of nasal symptoms of perennial AR (PAR). Increasing interest has focused on whether INSs, including MFNS, may have beneficial effects on the ocular symptoms frequently associated with AR. We performed a meta-analysis of 10 randomized, placebo-controlled trials of the efficacy of MFNS 200 mcg daily in relieving ocular allergy symptoms, including itching/burning, redness, and tearing/watering in both SAR and PAR. Four PAR studies and six SAR studies are included in the analysis. A fixed-effect inverse variance model was used to calculate weighted mean differences, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each comparison, and a combined overall treatment effect (Z) with P-value. In both analyses of SAR and PAR studies, including 3132 patients, all individual ocular symptoms were reduced in patients treated with MFNS. Overall treatment effect was significant for all three individual ocular symptoms in the SAR studies (Z = 9.18 for tearing, Z = 10.15 for itching, and Z = 8.88 for redness; P < 0.00001 for all) and in the PAR studies (Z = 5.94, P < 0.00001 for tearing; Z = 2.43, P = 0.02 for itching; and Z = 2.42, P = 0.02 for redness). Our findings add to the growing body of literature supporting the positive class effect of INSs, including MFNS, on ocular symptoms associated with SAR and PAR.

Efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids for the ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis: A systematic review

Current treatment options for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis include topical antihistamines, vasoconstrictors, mast cell stabilizers, intranasal corticosteroids (INCS), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are generally used as a supplement to oral or intranasal therapies, necessitating the use of multiple treatments for the different symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR). To assess the efficacy of INCS for ocular symptoms (OS) of AR. A search was performed of clinical trials (n = 32) from 1973 to 2009 of English articles (Medline, Embase, and PubMed) using "intranasal corticosteroid," "allergic rhinitis," "ocular symptoms," "allergic conjunctivitis," and "rhinoconjunctivitis" as key words. Quality assessment for the 32 eligible studies was performed using the Jadad score. Statistical analysis for continuous data was done by weighted mean difference or standardized mean difference. Thirty-two trials were included and separated into three different groups. The overall weighted mean was obtained from the Jadad score and came out to 9.29 (95% CI, 8.7-9.88). For meta-analysis for total OS scores and individual symptoms (10 parallel studies) the weighted mean was 10.17 (95% CI, 9.34-11). In the parallel studies, meta-analysis of individual symptoms (nine studies) gave a weighted mean of 10.09 (95% CI, 9.55-10.63). For eye symptoms but no individual symptoms (13 studies), the weighted mean was 8.56 (95% CI, 7.66-9.46). To date, clinical studies conducted statistically showed the efficacy of INCS on the OS of AR as evidenced by the meta-analysis results for the studies reporting total OSs.

Efficacy of fluticasone furoate nasal spray vs. placebo for the treatment of ocular and nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review

Although previous data suggest that intranasal fluticasone furoate (FF) improves ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), it presents serious limitations that question its results and conclusions. Therefore, an independent systematic review with meta-analysis is required to confirm and clarify the magnitude of the effect of FF. This review compared the efficacy of intranasal FF to placebo on ocular and nasal symptoms in patients with AR. Primary outcomes were reflective and instantaneous total ocular symptom scores (rTOSS and iTOSS), and reflective and instantaneous total nasal symptom scores (rTNSS and iTNSS). Secondary outcomes included the assessment of response to therapy, quality of life (QoL), and adverse effects. Sixteen trials (5.348 patients) were selected. Seven studies included seasonal AR patients and nine studies, perennial AR patients. Intranasal FF significantly improved rTOSS and iTOSS scores compared with placebo in patients with seasonal (weighted mean difference [WMD] -0.54, 95% CI, -0.70 to -0.37, and -0.59, 95% CI, -0.76 to -0.43) and perennial AR (-0.33, 95% CI, -0.31 to -0.05, and -0.38, 95% CI, -0.69 to -0.07). Intranasal FF was also significantly more effective in improving rTNSS and iTNSS scores in seasonal (WMD=-1.14, 95% CI, -1.57 to -0.72, and -1.32, 95% CI, -1.64 to -1.01) and perennial AR patients (-0.83, 95% CI, -1.08 to -0.59, and -0.90, 95% CI, -1.33 to -0.48). Finally, there were greater improvements in response to therapy and QoL with a favourable safety profile. Intranasal FF showed a consistent ocular and nasal efficacy along with improvement in QoL in AR patients. This review provides significant evidence that treatment with FF nasal spray at a dose of 110 mcg once daily is effective in relieving ocular and nasal symptoms in adolescents and adults with AR.

An integrated analysis of the efficacy of fluticasone furoate nasal spray on individual nasal and ocular symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis

Intranasal steroids have been shown to affect ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR). The results of the published literature, however, are not uniform across all products. This study was designed to evaluate whether the effects of fluticasone furoate nasal spray (FFNS) are consistent across different allergy seasons and different geographic regions for individual nasal and ocular symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). An integrated analysis was performed on data from four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trials, designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FFNS, 110 micrograms, once daily for 14 days in 1141 adult and adolescent SAR patients exposed to mountain cedar, ragweed, or grass pollen allergen. All patients evaluated severity of seven individual nasal and ocular symptoms on a 4-point categorical scale. The main efficacy measures included change from baseline in daily reflective, morning (A.M.) predose instantaneous, and daily A.M. and evening (P.M.) reflective score for each nasal/ocular symptom. FFNS significantly improved daily mean reflective, A.M. predose instantaneous, and daily A.M. and P.M. reflective scores for nasal itching, sneezing, congestion, rhinorrhea, and ocular itching/burning, tearing/watering, and redness, compared with placebo (p < 0.001 for all versus placebo). The least square (LS) mean treatment differences ranged from -0.44 to -0.33 (p < 0.0001) for the individual nasal symptoms and from -0.22 to -0.19 (p < 0.0001) for the individual ocular symptoms. FFNS also significantly improved daily reflective total nasal symptom scores (TNSS)/reflective total ocular symptom scores (TOSS), and A.M. predose instantaneous TNSS and instantaneous TOSS, compared with placebo (LS mean treatment differences = -1.47, -0.65, -1.49, and -0.63, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). FFNS, 110 micrograms, once daily consistently relieved all nasal and ocular symptoms of SAR across different allergy seasons and geographical locations.

Allergic Rhinitis: Focus on the Intranasal Route of Fluticasone Furoate

Fluticasone furoate is a new synthetic steroid structurally related to fluticasone propionate but with a higher affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor. It demonstrates high local efficacy and low systemic availability thus producing maximal efficacy with minimal side effects. Intranasal steroids are recommended first line treatment for allergic rhinitis in both adults and children over 2 years. The safety profile of fluticasone furoate has been evaluated in terms of its plasma concentrations, HPA axis, growth in children and bone metabolism and ocular side effects with no major side effects although further studies are warranted. The potential advantages are the new device which has been developed for delivery which is patient preferred, faster onset of action and a consistent improvement on the ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

A Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray on Individual Ocular Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis

A Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray on Individual Ocular Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis

Fluticasone furoate nasal spray consistently and significantly improves both the nasal and ocular symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis: a review of the clinical data

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a highly prevalent disorder, which often manifests as both nasal (congestion, sneezing, itching and rhinorrhoea) and ocular (redness, watery eyes, itching and burning) symptoms. Until recently, efficacy against the ocular symptoms of AR has been inconsistent for any single intranasal corticosteroid (INS). Fluticasone furoate is an enhanced-affinity glucocorticoid with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Objective: To assess better the efficacy of an INS in the treatment of both the nasal and ocular symptoms of seasonal AR (SAR). Methods: Data from all four trials of fluticasone furoate nasal spray (FFNS) in the treatment of SAR are reviewed and critically considered. Results: FFNS consistently and significantly improved the nasal and ocular symptoms of SAR in patients sensitised to several different seasonal allergens (grass, ragweed and mountain cedar pollen) in all trials. An integrated analysis of the results also confirmed improvements in both nasal and ocular symptom scores in previously under-represented adolescent patients treated with FFNS. Conclusion: FFNS is the first INS to show consistent nasal and ocular efficacy across all SAR trials.

Fluticasone furoate nasal spray in allergic rhinitis

Fluticasone furoate is a novel glucocorticoid developed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and other inflammatory diseases. Fluticasone furoate demonstrates high systemic clearance, low oral bioavailability and low absolute bioavailability after intranasal administration (<0.5%). The drug possesses a high receptor affinity. Fluticasone furoate is given once daily at a dose of 110 microg. Clinical studies tested the efficacy of fluticasone furoate in seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis. Patients randomized to the drug experienced significant alleviation in their nasal and ocular symptoms as well as clinically relevant improvement in quality of life. The drug is well tolerated and has a good safety profile owing to reduced systemic exposure. Thus, fluticasone furoate might represent a single treatment option for nasal and ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis.