Occurrence Rate Of Accidents Research Articles

Review of critical success factors affecting Malaysia's construction industry's sustainable health and safety practices

Purpose Contrasted with some other industries, the construction industry has been linked with the most noteworthy accident occurrence rate, the majority of which has been related to poor health and safety practises. This paper therefore sets out to conduct a comprehensive review of the critical success factors that can aid sustainable health and safety practises on construction sites in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe review focussed heavily on published reports, drawn between the years 2000 and 2022. The Scopus database was used for gathering the articles reviewed for this study.Findings After reviewing various literature studies, a total of 106 critical success factors were identified. All these factors were then categorised under the three pillars of sustainability. A total of 48 factors were grouped under the economic factors, 37 factors were grouped under the social factors and the remaining 21 factors were grouped under the environmental factors.Originality/valueThis paper conducted a comprehensive review of the critical success factors for bridging sustainability and health and safety. This study will help in developing a sustainable health and safety model that can drastically reduce the accident rate on the construction site.

A Study on the Application of LSTM to Judge Bike Accidents for Inflating Wearable Airbags.

The traffic accident occurrence rate is increasing relative to the increase in the number of people using personal mobility device (PM). This paper proposes an airbag system with a more efficient algorithm to decide the deployment of a wearable bike airbag in case of an accident. The existing wearable airbags are operated by judging the accident situations using the thresholds of sensors. However, in this case, the judgment accuracy can drop against various motions. This study used the long short-term memory (LSTM) model using the sensor values of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) as input values to judge accident occurrences, which obtains data in real time from the three acceleration-axis and three angular velocity-axis sensors on the driver motion states and judges whether or not an accident has occurred using the obtained data. The existing neural network (NN) or convolutional neural network (CNN) model judges only the input data. This study confirmed that this model has a higher judgment accuracy than the existing NN or CNN by giving strong points even in “past information” through LSTM by regarding the driver motion as time-series data.

총톤수 5톤 미만 선박의 해기면허 제도 시행에 관한 연구

This study is intended to propose a detailed execution plan regarding education and training for ensuring and verifying seafarers’ competence in relation to the introduction of a new small vessel operator certification system for vessel of less than 5 Gross Tonnage(GT). The methods of this study adopted include analysis of statistics of marine accident occurrence rate and causes relating thereto involving vessels of less than 5 GT, questionnaire survey and analysis for seafarers on small vessels and their shipowners and case study of Taiwan, Japan and Canada and literature survey. Together with the introduction of certification system for small vessels of less than 5 GT the seafarers’ training courses need to be differentiated depending upon whether an applicant has seagoing experience or not. The examination for the certificate for small vessel of less than 5 GT need to be conducted concurrently during the period of training courses in order to ensure soft landing of this new certification system. To do this, it is necessary to consider introducing actual ship training as well as training utilizing simulators. The follow-up action such as the revision of relevant laws and regulations, obtaining social consensus, etc. needs to be undertaken in order to implement the result of this study.

Assessment of construction sites’ accident: strategies for sustainable construction

Diverse causes of accidents abound on construction sites and these have negative impacts on the construction process. These negative impacts are enormous, leading to non-sustainable construction. However, achieving sustainable construction requires reduction in the occurrence rate of accidents. The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence rate of accident types on construction site. Accident types were majorly categorised into four namely, earth moving machinery, electrocution, construction fall, and others. From the positivist research paradigm and adopting cross-sectional survey research design, questionnaires were used to elicit information from personnel on construction sites. The mean of the occurrence rate of accidents was calculated. Findings show that construction site fall has high occurrence rate while earth moving machinery, electrocution and others have moderate rate of occurrence. The study concludes that the most frequently occurring type of accidents on construction site is construction fall.

Insight into the safety distance of ground and underground installations in typical petrochemical plants

Petrochemical plants are continuously turning into large-size corporations, the installations of facilities show a developing trend from ground to underground because of the difference in land using rate. In this regard, the safety distance of petrochemical equipment buried in both ground and underground cases were investigated based on risk assessment. As a case study, gasoline tank and LPG tank set on the ground and underground are singled out to compare the risks involved. The research showed that the setting case of installation had a great influence on safety distance. Two cases have 80% reduction of equivalent safety distance compared with the rest of the cases. It was found that when the gasoline storage tank was placed underground alone, the PLL value decreased by 36.7%. Only LPG tank was placed underground, and the PLL decreased by 6.33%, and the gasoline and LPG storage tanks were placed underground simultaneously, the PLL value declined by 42.3%. Thus, the layout of plants could be further optimized, which can greatly improve the performances of land use efficiency and safety. In addition, this paper, the selection of embedding methods and the sensitivity of underground case to overpressure was resumed from two aspects: soil properties and burial depth. For the soil properties, it was found that the water saturated sandy soil with high air content and the low density unsaturated sandy soil had better effects on weakening overpressure. Such properties are particularly beneficial to reducing the occurrence rate of accidents. In terms of burial depth, it can be observed that as the burial depth was changed from 0.5m to 1.1m, the value of overpressure has dropped dramatically. When the burial depth was 2m, the damage to personnel and buildings has been greatly reduced beyond 2m from the explosion center.

Intersections and crosswalk detection using deep learning and image processing techniques

Road separations, intersections, and crosswalks, which are important components of highways, are seen as significant areas for autonomous vehicles and advanced driver assistance systems because traffic accident occurrence rate is considerably high in these areas. In this study, an image processing method and a deep learning based approach on real images has been proposed in order to provide instant information for drivers and autonomous vehicles, or to develop warning systems as part of advanced driver assistance systems to prevent or minimize traffic accidents. The information is obtained from the classification of images belonging to the separations, intersections and crosswalks on the road using a new model and VggNet, AlexNet, LeNet based on Convolutional Neural Network(CNN). We have obtained high classification accuracy with our model based on CNN. The result of the study performed on different datasets showed that the proposed method is usable for driver assistance systems and an effective structure that can be used in many areas such as warning both vehicles and drivers.

Comprehensive risk assessment of deepwater drilling riser using fuzzy Petri net model

Abstract Drilling risers are the critical connection of subsea wellhead and the floating drilling unit. With exploration and development of oil and gas resources moving into deepwater, drilling riser operations have been characterized with high safety risk and occurrence rate of accidents causing high drilling downtime and drilling cost. In the present study, a Fuzzy Petri Net (FPN) methodology is proposed to evaluate the comprehensive risk of deepwater drilling risers. A risk index evaluation system was established based on analyses of drilling riser accidents and identification of risk factors, and the AHP-EM method was used to determine the weights of them. A 9-tuple set was defined to model drilling riser risks according to the FPN theories, and by using the fuzzy reasoning algorithm, risk values of risk factors at different levels and the integrated system were gained by iteration of state matrix. A specific case study of deepwater drilling risers of NANHAI-8 drilling unit in Liuhua oilfield in South China Sea is presented to illustrate the application of proposed approach, and some suggestions drawn from the investigation are presented to further mitigate the risk of drilling riser operations. The case study showed that FPN is a practical and reliable method in comprehensive risk evaluation of deepwater drilling riser system.

Warning of Potential Collision for Vehicles

A moving vehicle may very likely run into accidents. The occurrence rate of accidents would be largely reduced if the driver is warned in advance, even only 0.5 s earlier. For a running vehicle, the driving route within short time before collision has the characteristic of Markov. In this case, the coordinates of position only have to be considered within a short range, rather than the running status during the past long period. Within short period before collision, the driving route can be basically divided into two states: a straight line and a binomial curve. In this paper, a mechanism is proposed for sending collision warning messages to running vehicles.

수협 재해 보험급여를 이용한 근해안강망 어선원의 안전 위험 요소 평가

Abstract The stow net is a stationary gear made from netting, usually in shape like trawl net without wings. The nets are fixed by means of anchors, placed according to the direction and strength of the current. And the commercial fishing is associated with high rate of fatal and non-fatal occupational injury. The hazard factors analysis for the fishermen's safety of offshore stow nets vessel was conducted to serve as a basic data for improving the healthy and safe working environment of fishermen using fishermen's occupational accidents of the national federation of fisheries cooperatives (NFFC) from 2012 to 2014 (n=1,144). As a result, the average occupational accident occurrence rate of this fishery was 206.9‰ in all industries 36.9 times the rate of that. In addition, average death and missing rate was found to have a very serious level management to 50.4‱in all industries of death of 42.0 times. The accident occurred in 84.5 to 94.6% was happened at sea. The struck by object, slipping, contact with machinery, contact by object or gear and others occurred more frequently in order on the frequency of accident occurrence pattern. However, the occurrence rate of death and missing did not match the frequency of accident pattern. In other words, slipping occurred frequently higher while death and missing risk was not high. And the contact with fishing gear and fall in the waters was low while death and missing risk was high. The results are expected to contribute for identification and assessment of safety hazard occurred in offshore stow nets vessel.Key words : Fishermen's safety, Stow net, Hazard factors analysis, Assessment of safetyCorresponding author : 051-620-5809, G2kws@seaman.or.kr

연근해 어선원 재해 현황과 저감 대책 마련을 위한 기초 연구

The aim of this study is to research attributes of fishermen`s occupational accidents for investigating the measure of risk control on situational condition in the Korean offshore and coastal fishing vessel. Using data of fishermen`s occupational accidents are from National federation of fisheries cooperatives for 2013. The results were as belows; Occupational accident occurrence rate was 29.5‰, slips & trips and struck by object and contact with gear were shown severe occurrence pattern. Occupational accident occurrence rate of offshore fisheries was 130.2‰, coastal was 16.9‰, specially the risk rates were severely high in several type of danish seine, stow net and offshore trap. Death rate by accidents was 10.6‰ and by fall into the water in occurrence pattern was 5.5‰.

東京都区部・市部小中学校教室の事故データを用いた事故リスクに関する検討

The data of accidents in the junior high schools and the elementary schools in the ward areas and the urban districts of Tokyo were investigated with considering the meteorological data of relevant areas and the rate of air conditioners being placed in classrooms. The rate of air conditioners being placed in classrooms in the ward areas of Tokyo was four-six times higher than that in the urban districts of Tokyo. The data of accidents of the elementary / junior high schools were obtained from the NAASH (National Agency for the Advancement of Sports and Health), and the period of analysis was set as 3 years from 2005 to 2007. The data of accidents linked with meteorological data were classified for each level of the outside temperature at the time of occurrence of the accident. From this the relation of the outside temperature and the occurrence rate of accidents were determined. While the occurrence rate of accidents in classrooms in the ward areas during summer period was decreased with the years from 2005 to 2007, that in the urban districts was constant with the years. It was found that the difference in the rate of air conditioners being placed in classrooms might have an effect on the occurrence rate of accidents in the classrooms. The effect in the elementary schools could be greater than that in the junior high schools.

지방부 국도의 사고예측모형 개발에 관한 연구

The past researches on roadway segment safety estimation focused on intersections, which are the primary traffic accident regions. The past researches on roadway segments, However, analyzed the effects of certain factors on the traffic accident occurrence rate by organizing the individual geometric structures of the roads, and there is still a dearth of researches on the development of a traffic accident estimation model for rural roadway segments. Therefore, this research focused on rural two-lane and multilane roadway segments and developed traffic accident estimation models through the application of statistical techniques. This is required to explain such high frequency of zero counts in the traffic accident data. In this research, it was found that the Hurdle model is more suitable than the Poisson or negative binomial-regression model for explaining the excess zeros case. In addition, main variables were chosen to estimate their effects on traffic accident occurrence at rural roadway segments, and the safety at such rural roadway segments was estimated. In this research, it was assumed that there are different factors that affect the safety at two-way lane and multilane roadway segments, and a traffic accident estimation model was developed by dividing the two-way lane and multilane roadway segments.

A Survey on the Implementation of Musculoskeletal Disorders Prevention Program in Shipbuilding Industry

Objective: In 2010, the rate of injuries and illnesses in the shipbuilding industry was 1.20, about 1.74 times higher than the average of overall industries(0.69). Musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) became a major problem since 2000 in shipbuilding industry. The purpose of this study was to provide efficient implementation management through evaluating the economic effectiveness of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Prevention Program(MDPP). Successfully implementing the MDPP in the workplace may decrease the risk of MSDs and therefore reduce MSDs related costs. Methods: Occupational accident index (frequency rate, severity rate, and frequency severity indicator), estimated direct costs, and total occupational accident occurrence rate were provided by analysis of MSDs, statistical analysis of MDPP decreed companies, and data analysis of implementation. Results: The study shows the number of MSDs for MDPP decreed companies decreased 76.2% from 2,319 in 2004 to 551 in 2008. Above all, the number of MSDs decreased 78.7% in Shipbuilding industries. Forty companies (85.1%) showed a decreasing tendency and 27.7% of those had an R² ＞ 0.7. Similar results were found in severity rate and frequency severity indicator. From these results, it appears there are a number of advantages in implementing the MDPP. Conclusion: MDPP effectiveness was demonstrated by analysing implementation and occupational accident index. A more effective and efficient implementation would take into account business sector, size, policy, and organization of the company.

Development of O&M Diagnosis System for Safer and More Efficient Operation of Waste Disposal Facilities

The accident occurrence rate at waste disposal facilities is high in comparison with that rate of other industrial facilities. For example, the rate of accidents per 1 million hour operation of waste disposal facilities is about 10 times higher than that rate of overall industries. Thus, lots of efforts were given to reduce the accidents at waste disposal facilities, in the past. Some of the efforts were changing the design of the facilities to increase the safety and some were updating the O&M manuals. Our study focuses on systematic approach to continuously develop the O&M level. We developed O&M diagnosis system which consists of selected internal third party inspection considering the past experience of each facilities (O&M, troubles, accidents and so on). In addition to the safety problem, most waste disposal facilities are facing the problem of shortage of the money. Especially, that problem is heavy for municipal wastes disposal facilities which are owned & operated by municipalities. Thus, waste disposal facilities have to be efficient and economical. We developed management system by using targeted value like performance index of the facility and targeted value management system is combined with O&M diagnosis system. We applied O&M diagnosis system including targeted value management system on Teshima waste treatment project and the effect is examined. The result of experiments will be shown in the paper.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SAFETY OF PASSENGER CARS

In this paper, the authors examine the relationship between vehicle characteristics, fuel economy, and the occurrence rate of accidents and safety. The conventional method of analysis for passenger car safety is an evaluation using empirical data sets collected in a laboratory using risk of death and injury with the assumption that such accidents have already occurred. Instead of using this method, researchers examined the occurrence rate of fatal accidents and accidents involving injury using a negative binomial regression in terms of occurrence rates for fatal accidents and injury-incurring accidents and taking into account the influence of driver-related factors and vehicle characteristics. It was concluded that the comparison of adjusted occurrence rates for accidents and excluding driver characteristics between types of cars yielded no difference. Suggestions for various correlations as deduced from the methods employed are presented.

架橋建設計画における橋脚幅の検討

This paper describes the validity of the navigation safety assessment for planning the appropriate main-span length for a bridge, using new evaluation index "Potential Collision Risk : PCR" of ship-handling simulation. PCR is the rate of unsafe situation during maneuvering. And unsafe situation is defined as a condition in which the risk becomes obvious in the near future by maintaining the present maneuvering condition unaltered. The main findings of this study are as follows, ・Validity was verified with PCR as a synthetic index in consideration of the maneuverability and other factors. ・PCR is the index that relative comparison is possible with the risk in existent waters. ・There is a correlation between "Potential Collision Risk" and the occurrence rate of accidents classified as sea disasters