Occurrence Of Foreign Bodies Research Articles

Endodontic management of a mandibular molar with self implanted foreign bodies and repair of furcural perforation using biodentin – A case report

Foreign Bodies, whether accidently trapped or self-introduced by the patient in the tooth can not only act as a potential source of infection but may also interfere with proper cleaning and shaping and subsequent obturation of the root canal space in such teeth. Such foreign bodies are generally found accidently on routine dental examination and are more common in children and anterior teeth. Though occurrence of foreign bodies in a root canal system is a fairly common finding, the present case was deemed even more complex as it had a furcural perforation in addition of the detection of foreign bodies in the root canal system.This case report highlights the successful endodontic management and orthograde removal of self-introduced foreign bodies and repair of furcural perforation with biodentin in a mandibular molar eliminating the need of surgical repair and management.

Инородные тела мочевыводящих путей у детей: мультицентровое исследование

Introduction. Urinary obstructions caused by foreign bodies (FB) represent quite a rare clinical case in practicе of pediatric urologists. However, some recent publications note a tendency towards higher occurrence of FB in urinary tracts in children. Most publications on FB urinary obstructions in children are devoted to the descriptions of individual medical cases. Considering the lack of multicenter research works on the problem, a study based on generalized clinical experience of several hospitals appears relevant. Materials and methods. The study is based on retrospective analysis of treatment results of 44 pediatric cases from 10 clinics of Russia and Belarus during the period from 2000 through 2020. The study population comprised 28 (63.3%) boys and 16 (36.4%) girls. Mean age of the patients was 10.9±3.7 years. The children were subdivided into two groups: group I included 28 (63.3%) cases where FB had been introduced in the urethra or bladder by the child; group II included 16 (36.4%) cases where foreign bodies ended up in urinary tracts as a result of instrumental or surgical procedures. Results. Clinical manifestation of FB was typical among the patients in the group I while in group II the condition more often occurred inapparently. Children often concealed FB introduction in the urinary tracts, and so contacts with a healthcare institution were ordinarily triggered by changes in urine analysis findings. Concealment of FB introduction in the urinary tracts determined help seeking start later than 7 days following the incident in 64.2% cases of group I. More than a half of the FB in children of group I were revealed within the first month after the incident. In group II, FB were revealed accidentally during follow-up examinations in 75% of the children. Transurethral FB extraction succeeded in 50% of the patients in group I. In group II, transurethral FB extraction was performed in 5 (31.3%) children. In 2 cases (12.5%), FB were extracted using flexible ureteroscopy. Percutaneous nephroscopy was used in 2 (12.5%) patients. 5 (31.3%) cases required pyelotomy with laparoscopic access, and in 2 (12.5%) patients a lumbotomy had to be carried out. Discussion. The rarity of FB of the urinary tract in the practice of a pediatric urologist is the reason for the combination ofthe existing experience in providing medical care to children from 11 centers. Delayed demand for medical care was noted if FB were introduced by the child independently. The generalized material shows that in childhood, the same approaches to FB extraction are applicable as in adult patients; endoscopic FB removal is optimal. Conclusions. In most cases of children suffering from foreign bodies in urinary tracts, the FB can be extracted using endoscopy without complications and with favourable outcome.

S1698 Metal Screw Embedded in the Appendiceal Orifice

INTRODUCTION: Ingested foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract, especially those noted in the colon, often pass spontaneously and rarely cause complications. Foreign bodies involving the appendix are very uncommon and are more likely to be retained. We report the rare case of a metal screw embedded within the appendiceal orifice which was successfully retrieved by colonoscopy without the need for surgery. CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS: A 56-year-old Caucasian man without significant past medical history who presented to the emergency department with complaints of worsening abdominal pain and nausea for two days. An abdominal x-ray was performed and revealed a foreign body in the right colon suggestive of a metal screw (Figure 1). The patient denied ingesting any metal objects. Symptoms persisted despite conservative management and the foreign body did not pass on its own. Colonoscopy was performed and the metal screw was identified embedded in the appendiceal orifice (Figure 2). It was successfully removed with a Roth net (Figure 3). After the procedure his symptoms resolved. DISCUSSION: Foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract rarely cause complications and usually exit without significant intervention. The occurrence of foreign bodies within the appendix is very rare and these are more likely to become retained. This is due to the fact that the peristaltic action at the appendix is insufficient to expel the object back into the colonic lumen. Different types of foreign bodies have been reported in the appendix. The cases reported in the literature involving metal screws, all occurred in children and led to acute appendicitis requiring appendectomy. It is recommended that ingested objects be followed clinically and radiographically for 3 days. However, retained foreign bodies, especially those in the right lower abdominal quadrant, are an exception due to the increased risk of complications. These potential complications include perforation, obstruction, and/or appendicitis. In general, endoscopic removal via colonoscopy is recommended for ingested foreign bodies embedded in the appendiceal orifice. If endoscopy fails or cannot be performed, surgical exploration should be considered.Figure 1.: Abdominal X-ray showing metal screw in the right colon.Figure 2.: Metal screw with tip embedded in the appendiceal orifice.Figure 3.: Metal screw retrieved with Roth net.

Ear, nose and throat foreign bodies in Melanesian children: An analysis of 1037 cases

Occurrence of foreign bodies (FBs) in ear, nose and throat (ENT) in children are not uncommon in clinical practice. We described our experience with ENT foreign bodies in Melanesian children. The study was carried out at the tertiary referral center which is also a University teaching hospital. The 15-year period from 1990 to 2004, 1037 cases of ENT foreign bodies were managed. The clinical, operative and follow up data of these patients were collected from available clinic cards and admission charts. A retrospective analysis was made with these data. Foreign bodies in the external auditory canal constituted 711 (68.6%) cases. It was followed by nose in 258 (24.9%), pharynx in 26 (2.5%), esophagus in 21 (2.0%) and laryngotracheobronchial (LTB) tree in 21 (2.0%) cases. Innumerable varieties of foreign bodies were removed from the ear. The common ones were stones in 277 (39.0%), seeds in 142 (20.0%), plastic ornament beads in 70 (9.8%) and cotton in 48 (6.8%) cases. Six hundred and thirteen (86.2%) of them were removed under microscope at the clinic without any complications. The difficult ones in uncooperative children were removed in the operation theatre. They numbered 98 (13.8%). The nasal foreign bodies were exclusively limited up to the age of 12 years. Common nasal foreign bodies were foam in 54 (20.9%), seeds in 51 (19.8%), stone in 28 (10.9%) and ornament beads in 24 (9.3%) cases. Two hundred and forty-six (95.3%) of them were removed in the clinic. Only 12 (4.7%) were removed in the operation theatre. Fishbone was the commonest (23, 90.2%) foreign body encountered in the pharynx of the children. Coins were the exclusive esophageal foreign bodies in children and all were removed in the operation theatre under general anesthesia. In the LTB tree the FBs were mostly localized to the right main bronchus which occurred in 11 (52.4%) cases. This was followed by the trachea in four (19.1%) cases. The different types of FBs encountered were coffee beans in eight (38.0%), peanuts in five (23.8%), plant seeds in three (14.2%) cases. We encountered two mortalities in these LTB FB patients. Otolaryngological foreign bodies in children are common. For early diagnosis a high index of suspicion has to be maintained by pediatric otolaryngologist.

Foreign body in ear, nose and oropharynx: experience from a tertiary hospital

SummaryThe ocurrence of foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology is reason of constant searches for emergency services. Objective: To value the incidence of patients with foreign body, to analyze the clinical situation and the treatment in these cases. Method: The prospective study was realized in 81 patients with diagnosis of foreign body of nose, ear or oropharynx in the otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo between april/2003 and march/2005. Results: 57 cases of foreign body of ear, 13 cases of nose and 11 of oropharynx. These patients, 51.85% were men and 48.15% were women. The age average was 23 years old. The average of the evolution time was 18.36 days, being that 38.27% these cases were taken care in less 24 hours of evolution. Inside the total of patients, 83.95% received initial attendance in the otorhinolaryngology clinic, and 16.05% came of another service after some previous removal attempt. The most common symptom of the foreign bodies cases of oropharynx it was odinofagia present in 90.91% of the cases; in the foreign bodies of nose, the unilateral rhinorrhea and cacosmia were present in 46.15 of the cases; in the foreign bodies of ear, 38.60% evolved without symptoms and 28.07 with hipoacusia. The most frequent foreign body of oropharynx it was the fish spine (54.55%); in the nose it was the paper (30.77%); and in the ear it was the cotton (31.58%). The complications resulting of the presence of foreign body or about the manipulation of these had been found in 13 cases (16.05%). Conclusion: Most cases of foreign body conditions, in which a non-specialist professional or a non-professional person previously handles its removal, have a bad evolution with emerging complications. Such outcomes strengthen the fact that an otorhinolaryngologist using the proper equipment must treat patients with foreign body.

Heterogeneous 2D nucleation-induced surface instability

Non-dendritic needle-like pattern formation caused by solid particle induced-growth was observed for naphthalene crystals grown from the melt and n-paraffin crystals from solutions. The occurrence of foreign bodies on growing surfaces of crystals will serve as precursors for heterogeneous 2D nucleation by forming the “2D nucleation barrier well”, so that it will promote the rapid growth at relatively low supercoolings in the contact regions. Foreign particles have no effect on crystal growth at high supersaturations, due to the limitation of transport. The effect of foreign particles can be described quantitatively by a so-called step-particle correlation parameter f.

Can A Foreign Particle Cause Surface Instability?

The occurrence of foreign bodies on growing surfaces of crystals will serve as precursors for heterogeneous two-dimensional (2D) nucleation so that at relatively low supersaturations, it will promo...

Effect of foreign particles on the growth of faceted crystal faces

A model, so-called heterogeneous two-dimensional (2D) nucleation model, is presented to describe the effect of foreign particles on the growth and surface instability of growing crystals. The occurrence of foreign bodies on growing surfaces of crystals will serve as precursors for heterogeneous 2D nucleation, so that it will promote rapid growth at relatively low supersaturations at the regions where the foreign particles are in contact with the crystal surface. At high supersaturations, due to the limitation of effective transport, heterogeneous 2D nucleation will become kinetically unfavourable. Then, foreign particles have less or no effect on crystal growth. To check the model, the theoretical results are confronted with experimental ones. A novel phenomenon of a needlelike pattern of surface instability caused by solid particle induced growth was observed for the first time for naphthalene crystals grown from the melt. This particulate-induced surface instability occurs in a completely different regime of G/V compared to the dendriticlike surface instability, which turns out to be in excellent agreement with our prediction.