Occurrence Of Ewing's Sarcoma Research Articles

Primary Ewing Sarcoma of Kidney in an Adult: An Oddball

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant bone and soft-tissue tumor derived from neuroectoderm. It occurs, mostly, in pediatric adolescentswith the histopathological features of invasiveness. The occurrence of ES of the kidney is rare, comprising only 1% of all renal tumorswhich are limited to case reports and small case series. Herein, we report a case of a 44-year-old male patient, presenting with the rightflank pain and hematuria. Computed tomography scan demonstrated a right midpolar exophytic renal mass with intraluminal right renalvein and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus without visceral metastasis suggesting the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (T3BN0M0).The patient underwent the right radical nephrectomy with IVC thrombectomy. In view of the aggressiveness of the tumor, the patientreceived adjuvant chemotherapy (i.e., four cycles of vincristine, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide alternating every 3 weeks with fourcycles of ifosphamide and etoposide). The patient had near-complete resolution of the tumor with no thrombus seen in the follow-upscan. We could not complete six cycles of chemotherapy which were planned initially due to recurrent cytopenias. Six months postchemotherapy,the patient is clinically and radiologically disease-free and is in close follow-up. We are reporting this case to highlightthe rarity of this entity and its challenging clinicopathological diagnosis when presenting as a renal tumor.

Screening of Potential Key Biomarkers for Ewing Sarcoma: Evidence from Gene Array Analysis.

BackgroundEwing’s sarcoma (ES) is a common bone cancer in children and adolescents. There are ethnic differences in the incidence and treatment effects. People have made great efforts to clarify the cause; however, the molecular mechanism of ES is still poorly understood.MethodsWe download the microarray datasets GSE68776, GSE45544 and GSE17674 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the three datasets were screened and enrichment analysis was performed. STRING and Cytoscape were used to carry out module analysis, building a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, a series of analyses such as survival analysis and immune infiltration analysis were performed on the selected genes.ResultsA total of 629 differentially expressed genes were screened, including 206 up-regulated genes and 423 down-regulated genes. The pathways and rich-functions of DEGs include protein activation cascade, carbohydrate binding, cell-cell adhesion junctions, mitotic cell cycle, p53 pathway, and cancer pathways. Then, a total of 10 hub genes were screened out. Biological process analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in mitotic nuclear division, protein kinase activity, cell division, cell cycle, and protein phosphorylation.ConclusionSurvival analysis and multiple gene comparison analysis showed that CDCA8, MAD2L1 and FANCI may be involved in the occurrence and prognosis of ES. The purpose of our study is to clarify the DEG and key genes, which will help us know more about the molecular mechanisms of ES, provide potential pathway or targets for the diagnosis and treatment.

Unusual Presentation of Ewing Sarcoma in the Adrenal Gland: A Secondary Malignancy from a Survivor of Burkitt Lymphoma

The occurrence of Ewing sarcoma as a secondary malignancy is an extremely rare event in long-term cancer survivors. In addition, the occurrence of Ewing sarcoma in the adrenal gland is highly unusual. In this case report, we treated a 20-year-old male patient with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, dexamethasone, and methotrexate and cytarabine chemotherapy following a diagnosis of Stage IV Burkitt lymphoma. Following complete remission, he had been maintained for 2 years without evidence of disease. However, a regular follow-up computed tomography scan found a left adrenal gland mass and a biopsy revealed positive membrane-localized mic-2 expression (CD99) and the presence of the translocation of the EWSR1 gene. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of Ewing sarcoma occurring in the adrenal gland of a patient who was treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, dexamethasone/methotrexate and cytarabine chemotherapy for Burkitt lymphoma.

Ki-1+ Large-Cell Anaplastic Lymphoma After Ewing Sarcoma

A large cell anaplastic lymphoma that developed after treatment of a Ewing sarcoma (ES) is described. An 11-year-old girl with a pelvic ES developed a large cell, Ki-1+, anaplastic lymphoma in the same anatomic location 10 months after multimodal therapy. ES recurred in the primary site 16 months after allogeneic marrow transplantation and 3.5 years after initial diagnosis, but the patient remains in remission from her lymphoma. The occurrence of lymphoma and ES in a short time interval in the same patient is very unusual. Whether etiologic factors other than chemoradiotherapy, including genetic disposition, play a role remains to be elucidated.