Occurrence Of Abscess Research Articles

Clinical and microbiological characteristics and follow-up of invasive Listeria monocytogenes infection among hospitalized patients: real-world experience of 16 years from Hungary

PurposeInvasive Listeria monocytogenes infection is rare, but can lead to life-threatening complications among high-risk patients. Our aim was to assess characteristics and follow-up of adults hospitalized with invasive L. monocytogenes infection.MethodsA retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at a national referral center between 2004 and 2019. Patients with proven invasive listeriosis, defined by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control criteria, were included. Data collection and follow-up were performed using the hospital electronic system, up until the last documented visit. The primary outcome was in-hospital all-cause mortality, secondary outcomes included residual neurological symptoms, brain abscess occurrence, and requirement for intensive care unit (ICU) admission.ResultsAltogether, 63 cases were identified (57.1% male, median age 58.8 ± 21.7 years), and 28/63 developed a complicated disease course (44.4%). At diagnosis, 38/63 (60.3%) presented with sepsis, 54/63 (85.7%) had central nervous system involvement, while 9/63 (14.3%) presented with isolated bacteremia. Frequent clinical symptoms included fever (53/63, 84.1%), altered mental state (49/63, 77.8%), with immunocompromised conditions apparent in 56/63 (88.9%). L. monocytogenes was isolated from blood (37/54, 68.5%) and cerebrospinal fluid (48/55, 87.3%), showing in vitro full susceptibility to ampicillin and meropenem (100% each), gentamicin (86.0%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (97.7%). In-hospital all-cause mortality was 17/63 (27.0%), and ICU admission was required in 28/63 (44.4%). At discharge, residual neurological deficits (11/46, 23.9%) and brain abscess formation (6/46, 13.0%) were common.ConclusionAmong hospitalized adult patients with comorbidities, invasive L. monocytogenes infections are associated with high mortality and neurological complications during follow-up.

Clinical value of nano-carbon lymphatic tracer for regional lymph node dissections of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Regional lymph node (LN) volume decreases after neoadjuvant therapy, requiring a tracer for more accurate detection. Nano-carbon tracer is a third-generation tracer with several advantages, but its use for LN detection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for middle and low rectal cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effects and safety of anoscope-guided subrectal injections of nano-carbon suspension in this patient population. This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 45 patients with middle and low rectal cancer admitted to our institution from March 2019 to March 2022. All patients received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy and were divided into nano-carbon injection (n=23; anoscope-guided injections of nano-carbon suspension in the rectal submucosa 2cm above the dentate line 24h preoperatively) and control (n=22; directly underwent surgery) groups. The LN detection and complication rates were compared between the groups. The total and mean numbers of LNs and small LNs and the number of patients with>12 LNs were significantly higher in the nano-carbon injection group than in the control group. The total number of positive LNs and LN metastasis did not differ between the groups, nor did the anastomotic leakage, bleeding, stenosis, and abscess occurrence rates. Anoscope-guided nano-carbon lymphatic tracing increased the LN detection rate, caused less trauma, and resulted in fewer postoperative complications than the direct surgical procedure. Thus, it is an effective, safe, and practical method that may improve dissections and the postoperative pathological staging accuracy.

59 Effects of serial harvest on growth and carcass characteristics of beef x dairy crossbred steers

Abstract Beef x dairy crossbred feedlot steers [n = 707; body weight (BW) at initial processing = 148 kg] were utilized in a randomized complete block design to evaluate effects of three serial harvest endpoints on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Allocation to treatment occurred after 204 d-on-feed (DOF), at which point steers weighed 484 kg (SEM = 3.2 kg). Treatments consisted of three serial harvest endpoints: 326, 347, and 368 DOF, as measured from initial processing at 148 kg. Twelve pens, with approximately 59 steers/pen and four pens/treatment were utilized. Final BW measured 696, 730, and 744 kg at 326, 347, and 368 DOF, and increased (P < 0.01) with DOF. Dry matter intake (DMI) from allocation to harvest did not differ among treatments (11.4 kg/d; P = 0.36). Average daily gain (ADG) from allocation to harvest measured 1.82, 1.79, and 1.64 kg at 326, 347, and 368 DOF, respectively and was greater (P < 0.01) at 326 and 347 DOF than at 368 DOF. Feed efficiency (FE) from allocation to harvest measured 0.162, 0.151, and 0.143 at 326, 347, and 368 DOF, respectively and was greater (P < 0.01) at 326 and 347 DOF than at 368 DOF. Hot carcass weight (HCW) measured 438, 459, and 472 kg at 326, 347, and 368 DOF, respectively and increased (P < 0.01) with DOF. Across the 42-d serial harvest period live and carcass ADG averaged 1.09 and 0.78 kg, respectively, with a carcass transfer of 71.6%. Backfat thickness measured 1.35, 1.63, and 1.47 cm at 326, 347, and 368 d, respectively and was greater (P < 0.01) at 347 and 368 d than at 326 d. Marbling score measured 508, 529, and 550 at 326, 347, and 368 DOF, respectively and was greater (P = 0.03) at 368 and 347 DOF than at 326 DOF. Distribution of USDA quality grades (QG) did not differ (P = 0.45) among treatments and averaged 6.3% Prime and 83.1% Choice. Ribeye area and dressing percentage (P = 0.11) did not differ among treatments. Distribution of USDA yield grades (YG) was affected by treatment (P < 0.01), with a shift toward more YG 4 and 5 carcasses with increasing DOF. Liver abscess occurrence averaged 62.9% and did not differ (P = 0.61) among treatments. Results from this experiment indicate a BW gain of 1.09 kg/d and a HCW gain of 0.78 kg/d across the 42-d serial harvest period. There were no differences in DMI as DOF progressed but ADG and FE decreased in the longest-fed cattle. Distribution of QG was not affected by DOF, but YG increased with increasing DOF.

Intraoral Soft Tissue Lesions in 6-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Regions of Southern Ecuador: An Epidemiological Study.

Oral Mucosal Lesions (OMLs) are conditions of the oral mucosa that cause alterations in their presentation and pain in the affected patient, highlighting their importance for study. The aim of this research is to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in the Ecuadorian Austro. Descriptive statistics were used to associate variables, yielding statistically significant findings based on oral lesions, sex, and geographical environment. This study was conducted under the appropriate bioethical permissions. The results obtained correspond to the prevalence of lesions by province. Morona Santiago displays a rate of 17% for abscesses, surpassing the provinces of Azuay (13.50%) and Cañar (10.67%). However, gingivitis for pathology, Azuay stands out with 13.17%, while Cañar and Morona Santiago present 10.50% and 8.33%, respectively. There is also a predominant occurrence of abscesses in rural areas (41.17%) compared to urban ones (26.33%). Regarding sex, girls show a higher percentage of abscesses (41.17%) compared to boys who have a clear tendency to present GUM lesions (22.33%). The data indicates that in the studied provinces, geographical environment and sex are key variables to understand the distribution of oral lesions. These findings encourage us to continue pursuing this type of research, which contributes to improving the quality of life for children.

P408 Complete endoscopic healing, the future therapeutic target in Crohn's disease? Results of a prospective multicenter study

Abstract Background The STRIDE II guidelines recognize endoscopic healing (EH), defined by an SES-CD score ≤2 or a CDEIS score <3, as one of the main therapeutic targets in Crohn's disease (CD). Nevertheless, complete endoscopic healing could reduce the risk of long-term complications in CD. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of long-term complications in CD according to the degree of endoscopic healing achieved. Methods We conducted a prospective multicenter study that included all patients with CD undergoing colonoscopy for EH assessment or dysplasia screening between September 2019 and September 2022 in one university hospital, one general hospital and one private center. Two groups were compared: patients with complete EH (CDEIS = 0) and those with partial EH (CDEIS <4). The primary endpoint was CD relapse, defined as the need for drug intensification and/or initiation of corticosteroid and/or CD-related hospitalization and/or development of a fistula (luminal or perianal) or abscess, and/or the need for bowel resection. Patients were followed up every 6 months for two years. Based on previously published data, 138 patients were expected to demonstrate a 13% difference with a two-sided alpha risk of 5% and a power of 80%. Results A total of 133 patients were included. The majority of patients were female (55%), non-smokers (63%), with a median disease duration of 10 (IQR, 4-19) years. Fifty-seven (43%) patients had ileocolonic location and 81 (61%) an inflammatory (B1) behavior. Patients had been on treatment for a median of 18.0 months (IQR 8.6-52) prior to colonoscopy, with no difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups apart from BMI. Eighty-four (63%) patients had complete EH. After adjustment for BMI, the risk of relapse was significantly higher in the CDEIS>0 group (23% vs. 41%, HR = 2.05; IC95% = [1.09 - 3.87]; p=0.027). After a median follow-up of 23.3 months, the number of drug intensification, hospitalizations, use of corticosteroids, occurrence of abscess, fistula, or bowel resection in the CDEIS 0 and CDEIS > 0 and <4 groups were 20% and 35% (p=0.065), 2.4 and 16% (p=0.005), 2.4% and 10% (p=0.10), 3.6% and 18% (p=0.009), 7.1% and 18% (p=0.048), 7.1% and 18% (p=0.048) respectively. Conclusion This prospective multicenter study confirms that complete endoscopic healing is associated with better long-term outcomes than partial endoscopic healing in patients with CD, as well as fewer surgeries and hospitalizations and an overall decreased risk of treatment failure.

Disproving the myth of "abscess weather" predisposing to peritonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is often seen as acomplication of acute tonsillitis and is defined as pus retention between the tonsillar capsule and the peritonsillar tissue. The etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated. Aconnection between certain weather conditions and temperature fluctuations and the occurrence of abscesses in the head and neck region has been discussed for years. The question here is whether higher temperature fluctuations are predisposing for the formation of abscesses. Aretrospective evaluation of all patients hospitalized with peritonsillitis or PTA in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Klinikum Rechts der Isar of the Technical University of Munich during aperiod of 10years (2012-2021) was performed. Each patient was individually correlated with daily temperature data from the statistical meteorological office of the City of Munich. Atotal of 1450patients were included, 270patients (18.62%) with peritonsillitis and 1180patients (81.38%) with PTA. Acorrelation between the occurrence of peritonsillitis or PTA and major temperature fluctuations could be excluded in this large patient population. Moreover, asimilar frequency of peritonsillitis and PTA was seen throughout the year. The myth of atemperature dependence of the development of peritonsillitis or PTA and aso-called abscess weather could be negated in this study.

185 Effect of ad Libitum Versus Limit-Feeding Program at Receiving on Morbidity and Performance of Feedlot Calves

Abstract Despite advancements in both vaccine technology and antibiotic therapy, bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) remains the primary health challenge for cattle feeding operations in the United States. The strategy of limit-feeding calves during the early receiving period (first 28 days) has been proposed as a method to mitigate BRD risk, but limited data are available despite this strategy becoming more common. The objective of this study was to evaluate limit-feeding as a receiving protocol to determine impact on pull rates, receiving performance, and subsequent (Post-receiving) finishing performance. Steers (initial BW = 262 kg; n = 704) were blocked by arrival day (7 blocks) and housed in 44 open-lot pens. Pens were assigned to either limit-fed at approximately 75% of ad libitum or fed ad libitum for the 28-day receiving period. A subset of 216 steers in 14 pens was followed through finishing to evaluate carry-over effects in the finish period (192 days). Dry matter intake (DMI; P < 0.01), average daily gain (ADG; P < 0.01) and ending body weight (P < 0.01) were less for the limit-fed treatment compared with ad libitum due to the limitation of intakes as designed. Intake averaged 70.1% for limit-fed versus ad libitum whereas ADG was 72.6% for limit-fed compared with ad libitum. Because both DMI and ADG were decreased by similar amounts, G:F was not affected (P = 0.28). Numerically better G:F was observed for limit-fed cattle versus ad libitum but this 3.4% difference was not significant (P = 0.28). Morbidity rates for BRD were not statistically different, with ad libitum morbidity of 16.3% compared with 14.3% for limit-fed steers (P = 0.58) Low mortality for the receiving period was observed with 0.84% (3 steers) on limit-fed treatment, and 0% for the ad libitum treatment. For the subset of pens that were followed through finishing, there were no differences (P > 0.18) in ADG or DMI. While not statistically different, there was a 2.2% increase in ADG for steers that were limit-fed during the receiving period, which allowed for similar HCW and final BW (P = 0.39) at slaughter. Other carcass characteristics were also similar (P > 0.74) between steers received with an ad libitum or limit-fed program. No statistical difference (P = 0.29) in the rate of liver abscess occurrence was noted. In conclusion, there was no statistical difference between treatments in early-period morbidity or finishing performance between ad libitum and limit-fed receiving management.

Effects of including Sweet Bran or modified distillers grains in the diet of feedlot steers and sorting at terminal implant on growth performance, feeding behavior, and liver abscess occurrence.

The objectives were to assess the effects of dietary Sweet Bran (Cargill Corn Milling, Blair, NE) on performance and feeding behavior of feedlot steers and determine if terminal implant pen sorting affects performance, feeding behavior, and liver abscess (LA) rate. Two hundred sixteen Angus-cross steers (253 ± 18 kg) were stratified by body weight (BW) to 36 pens. From d 0 to 60, diets contained 40% Sweet Bran (SWBR) or 25% modified distiller’s grains and 15% dry rolled corn (MOD; n = 18 pens/treatment). On d 60, steers began transition within treatments to finishing diets containing 25% Sweet Bran or 25% modified distiller’s grains (MDGS). On d 111, half of the pens for each dietary treatment were re-stratified by BW to pens (SORT) while the other half were returned to original pens (NOSORT; n = 9 pens/treatment). Steer BW and pen dry matter intake (DMI) were recorded monthly. Rate of feed disappearance was determined on d 5/6, 53/54, 104/105, and 117/118. Pen was the experimental unit for all analyses. The model included the fixed effect of diet for all pre-sort analyses; post-sort analyses included the fixed effects of diet, sort, and the interaction and the random effects of pen and the interaction of diet and pen. On d 60, SWBR had greater BW than MOD (P = 0.05), and SWBR had a greater average daily gain (ADG) from d 0 to 60 (P = 0.05). Though there were no differences after d 28, SWBR had greater DMI d 0 to 28 (P = 0.05). From d 60 to 88, SWBR tended to have lesser ADG than MOD (P = 0.09). Post-sort (d 111 to 196), SWBR tended to have lesser ADG than MOD (P = 0.06), and SORT had a greater rate of feed disappearance than NOSORT (d 117/118; P = 0.01); there were no differences on other dates (Diet: P ≥ 0.38). For final BW, there was a tendency for MOD to be greater than SWBR, and SORT tended to be greater than NOSORT (Diet: P = 0.06; Sort: P = 0.10). Pre- and post-sort ruminal pH had no treatment by day differences (P ≥ 0.77). LA incidence averaged 25%, though rate was not affected by diet, sorting, or the interaction (P ≥ 0.16). Overall, there were no dietary differences in feed disappearance rates, though SORT steers had greater rate of feed disappearance than NOSORT steers on d 117/118. Nominal differences in feeding behavior were noted and including Sweet Bran in the diet was beneficial in the growing period as cattle adjusted to the feedlot.

Case report: Dropped gallstones diagnosis is hindered by incomplete surgical notes and a low index of suspicion.

Introduction and importanceDiagnosis and treatment of dropped gallstones (DG) complications can be delayed due to a low index of suspicion by treating physicians. This delay may derive from incomplete surgical notes that disregard and underreport DG. This report highlights the management of two cases of DG-related abscesses with incomplete surgical notes and how a high index of suspicion can bear positively on treatment results.Case presentationTwo patients, a 62 and a 71-year-old female, presented intraabdominal abscess' resulting from DG from a prior laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). In neither patient did the surgical notes report the occurrence of DG. Both patients were treated with percutaneous drainage; however, their recovery was markedly different. In one case, an association with DG was not suggested until after several months of repeated abscess occurrence. In the other case, it was suggested early in the treatment, allowing for a shorter and improved recovery.Clinical discussionDG diagnosis is hindered by incomplete surgical notes and a low index of suspicion. Improvements in management can occur only if surgeons dependably report DG episodes. Percutaneous drainage of DG abscess under local anesthesia is less invasive than a laparoscopic or surgical approach and can be performed on an outpatient basis with or without using various stone fragmentation tools.ConclusionA high index of suspicion of DG can positively impact the treatment of these cases, therefore, reporting DG events during surgery is necessary. Percutaneous drainage with saline irrigation is safe and effective in selected patients with DG abscesses.

Influence of microbiological diagnosis on the clinical course of spondylodiscitis

PurposeThis study sought to recognize differences in clinical disease manifestations of spondylodiscitis depending on the causative bacterial species.MethodsWe performed an evaluation of all spondylodiscitis cases in our clinic from 2013–2018. 211 patients were included, in whom a causative bacterial pathogen was identified in 80.6% (170/211). We collected the following data; disease complications, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, abscess occurrence, localization of the infection (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, disseminated), length of hospital stay and 30-day mortality rates depending on the causative bacterial species. Differences between bacterial detection in blood culture and intraoperative samples were also recorded.ResultsThe detection rate of bacterial pathogens through intraoperative sampling was 66.3% and could be increased by the results of the blood cultures to a total of 80.6% (n = 170/211). S. aureus was the most frequently detected pathogen in blood culture and intraoperative specimens and and was isolated in a higher percentage cervically than in other locations of the spine. Bacteremic S. aureus infections were associated with an increased mortality (31.4% vs. overall mortality of 13.7%, p = 0.001), more frequently developing complications, such as shock, pneumonia, and myocardial infarction. Comorbidities, abscesses, length of stay, sex, and laboratory parameters all showed no differences depending on the bacterial species.ConclusionBlood culture significantly improved the diagnostic yield, thus underscoring the need for a structured diagnostic approach. MSSA spondylodiscitis was associated with increased mortality and a higher incidence of complications.

Occurrence of vaccine or drug reactions in bovine carcass

The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of abscesses from vaccine or drug reactions in the muscle tissue of bovine carcasses and to establish the location of these abscesses in half-carcasses, in a slaughterhouse located in the northwest of the State of São Paulo, under the supervision of the State Inspection Service (SISP). It was possible to identify that 13.50% of the half-carcasses evaluated had vaccine abscesses and of these 91.46% were in the forequarter, 52.50% of these affected the neck, and 27.50% fell. Currently, there is still the presence of abscesses in bovine carcasses from vaccine and drug reactions, which are found in greater proportion in the forequarter, due to the recommendations of this region for the application of vaccines and medications.

Which factors influence the inpatient course for patients with spondylodiscitis?

Spondylodiscitis is arare disease with an increasing incidence. In this retrospective study 112 patients with spondylodiscitis surgically treated from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2012 in alevelI spine center were investigated with respect to potential prognostic criteria. The time period covered by the investigation was the duration of hospitalization. The parameters analyzed were mortality, age, localization of the spondylodiscitis, detection of abscesses and pathogens, neurological status and body mass index (BMI). The average age of the patients was 68.3 years (±12.9 years). The mortality rate during hospitalization was 10.7% (N = 12). Older patients had asignificantly higher in-hospital mortality rate (p = 0.008). Abscess formation was found in 49.1% of the patients and was associated with asignificantly longer hospital stay (p = 0.001) and in the intensive care unit (ICU, p = 0.001) as well as ahigher risk of revision surgery (p = 0.018). In addition, obese patients had a significantly higher occurrence of abscesses (p = 0.034). Pathogen detection was successful in 60.7 % of the cases with Staphylococcus aureus as the most frequent pathogen. Detection of pathogens was associated with alonger hospital stay (p = 0.006) and a greater need of intensive care monitoring (p = 0.017). Patients with anephropathy had asignificantly increased mortality, longer duration of hospitalization and a more frequent occurrence of multilevel afflictions. Old age, abscess formation, positive detection of pathogens and renal failure can be used as prognostic criteria. Risk factors for formation of abscesses include a lumbar localization of spondylodiscitis, nephropathy as well as detection of a pathogen and obesity.

Occurrence of abscesses during treatment with pazopanib in metastatic renal cancer: a case report

BackgroundPazopanib is a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of renal cancer and soft tissue sarcoma. Its use is commonly associated with a number of side effects, such as hemorrhagic diathesis, neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, increased serum alanine aminotransferase, decreased serum glucose, increased serum bilirubin, decreased serum phosphate and magnesium, fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, anorexia, proteinuria, and hypothyroidism. Abscesses of metastases caused by pazopanib administration are rarely reported in the literature.Case presentationWe report a case of abscesses of lung metastases related to pazopanib in a patient with metastatic renal cancer. The patient was a 53-year-old Caucasian man who developed abscesses of lung metastases during the first 3 months of treatment with pazopanib. The abscesses resolved after 1 month by stopping pazopanib and administering adequate antibiotic therapy.ConclusionsWe conclude that abscesses of metastases could be a rare side effect occurring during treatment with pazopanib in patients with renal cancer.

Occurrence of vaccine abscesses in bovines after the administration of bivalent foot-and-mouth disease vaccine

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to identify the occurrence of abscesses in cattle after the administration of bivalent foot-and-mouth disease vaccine as adverse reaction to components in the new commercial vaccine formulation. Thirty bovines were divided into three groups composed of 10 animals, each. Groups 1 and 2 were vaccinated by researchers based on good vaccination practices criteria. Group 1 was intramuscularly administered with the vaccine, Group 2 received it through subcutaneous route and Group 3 was vaccinated by breeders through subcutaneous route. Animals were selected and observed in vivo in three different moments (7, 28 and 45 days after vaccination). Subsequently, they were observed during post mortem inspection in order to assess the occurrence of vaccine abscesses. Vaccine abscesses were recorded in 40% of bovines in Group 1, in 50% of the ones in Group 2 and in 60% of those in Group 3. There was no significant difference between experimental groups based on the Chi-square test and on Cramer's V analysis; there was no significant difference among experimental groups. Excess of carcass parts presenting vaccine abscesses during post mortem inspection resulted in the meat loss of 1.775 kg in Group 1, of 2.303 kg in Group 2 and of 3.268 kg in Group 3. In conclusion, despite changes in bivalent foot-and-mouth disease vaccine formulation, care should be taken at vaccination time to minimize the occurrence of vaccine abscesses and, consequently, meat losses at slaughter, as well as to reduce losses in beef production chain.

Effect of bambermycin and dietary distillers grains concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers.

An experiment was conducted comparing medicated feed additives (MFA) bambermycin or monensin sodium and tylosin phosphate in feedlot diets containing modified distillers grains (mDGS). Crossbred steers (n = 256; initial full BW 418 ± 28.5 kg) were allocated into three weight blocks in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were: MFA (bambermycin at 20 mg/steer daily or monensin + tylosin at 380 and 90 mg/steer daily, respectively) and mDGS inclusion (15% and 30% of diet DM). Twenty-four pens were utilized, resulting in six replications per treatment. Steers were fed a diet consisting of a 1:1 combination of dry-rolled and high-moisture corn with the roughage portion of the diet consisting of corn silage and corn stover. Steers in the heaviest two blocks were marketed after 104 d and steers in the lightest block were marketed after 126 d. Overall average daily gain (ADG) tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and was not affected (P = 0.17) by mDGS level. Dry matter intake was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with 30% mDGS with monensin and tylosin than with any other treatment. Feed efficiency was not affected by mDGS, MFA, or their interaction (P ≥ 0.30). Marbling scores were greater (P = 0.01) greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater with 15% mDGS than with 30% mDGS. Carcasses from steers fed bambermycin had a greater percentage of USDA choice than those fed with monensin and tylosin (P = 0.01). Liver abscess occurrence was not affected (P ≥ 0.17) by MFA, mDGS, or their interaction. Results from this experiment indicate that including bambermycin in feedlot diets containing 30% mDGS results in increased DMI when compared with including monensin and tylosin in 30% mDGS diet without the risk for increases in liver abscess occurrence.

Losses caused by carcass bruising in a packing plant in Goiás State

The quality of meat is influenced by several aspects, among which post-vaccination abscesses and bruises stand out as primary factors for the condemnation of carcasses. However, economic losses resulting from improper handling practices can severely compromise the profitability of both the packing plant and the producer. The objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of occurrence of abscesses and bruises in carcasses of animals slaughtered in a packing plant and analyze the economic losses generated by them. The number of animals examined was determined according to the slaughter flow in the packing plant (10-20% of animals/day). Data pertaining to region and number of bruises, abscess location, weight of excised portions and distance from the municipalities of origin of the animals were collected and evaluated by descriptive statistical analysis. The occurrence of lesions was 78% trauma- and 45% abscess-derived. The presence of these lesions resulted in economic losses, representing a depreciation of BRL 2.99/animal in the profit obtained by the cattle farmer. A comparison between the “sex classes” and “bruising” factors revealed that the females had higher occurrence and distribution of bruises and abscesses than uncastrated and castrated males. Bruises were more frequent in the hindquarter region, regardless of the distance, while abscesses were restricted to the forequarter. The weight of discarded tissues was higher on farms less than 200 km away from the packing plant; however, these results were influenced by the number of animals evaluated in the group.

Needle hygiene reduces the occurrence of post-vaccine abscesses in cattle

Although vaccination is indispensable for animal production, the use of unhygienic needles can lead to post-vaccine abscesses and consequently loss of meat products and higher production costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of needle hygiene in the prevention of post-vaccine abscesses in cattle, estimate economic losses caused by post-vaccine abscesses, and verify whether cattle farmers sanitize the needles used in vaccination. Four groups containing 120 cattle were vaccinated against the foot-and-mouth disease. The GI, GII, and GIII groups were vaccinated using needles sanitized by different methods, while the GIV group served as control. Six months after vaccination, ultrasound exams were performed and abscesses were quantified. Subsequently, cattle were slaughtered, carcass losses due to the presence of abscesses were quantified, and economic losses were calculated. In slaughterhouses, 100 cattle farmers were interviewed on the adoption of needle hygiene for vaccines and the number of cattle they slaughtered. The numbers of abscesses diagnosed per group were as follows: GI (n = 3, 2.5%), GII (n = 5, 4.2%), GIII (n = 4, 3.3%), and GIV (n = 11, 9.2%). The occurrence of abscesses in GI, GII, and GIII did not differ statistically from each other but was statistically lower than that observed in GIV. The economic losses due to the presence of abscesses in the carcasses varied from R$ 0.12 to R$ 0.31 per animal of the herd whose needles were sanitized or not, respectively. Only 13% of the interviewed cattle farmers carried out some method of needle hygiene for vaccination. 78.8% of the slaughtered cattle were vaccinated with needles without any sanitization method. Thus, needle hygiene for cattle vaccination decreases the occurrence of post-vaccine abscesses. This practice minimizes losses by R$ 0.19 per animal due the damages caused by the removal of abscesses during the slaughter of animals. Most cattle farmers do not adopt needle hygiene for cattle vaccination.

Discovery of Furanoquinone Derivatives as a Novel Class of DNA Polymerase and Gyrase Inhibitors for MRSA Eradication in Cutaneous Infection.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the primary microbe responsible for skin infections that are particularly difficult to eradicate. This study sought to inhibit planktonic and biofilm MRSA using furanoquinone-derived compounds containing imine moiety. A total of 19 furanoquinone analogs were designed, synthesized, and assessed for anti-MRSA potency. Among 19 compounds, (Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)naphtho[1,2-b]furan-5(4H)-one (HNF) and (Z)-4-(acetoxyimino)naphtho[1,2-b]furan-5(4H)-one (ANF) showed antibacterial activity superior to the others based on an agar diffusion assay. HNF and ANF exerted a bactericidal effect with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 9.7 ∼ 19.5 and 2.4 ∼ 9.7 μg/ml, respectively. Both compounds were able to reduce the MRSA count by 1,000-fold in biofilm as compared to the control. In vivo efficacy was evaluated using a mouse model of skin infection. Topical application of lead compounds significantly suppressed abscess occurrence and the MRSA burden, and also ameliorated the skin-barrier function. The biochemical assay indicated the compounds’ inhibition of DNA polymerase and gyrase. In silico docking revealed a favorable interaction of the compounds with DNA polymerase and gyrase although the binding was not very strong. The total DNA analysis and proteomic data suggested a greater impairment of some proteins by HNF than ANF. In general, HNF and ANF were similarly potent in MRSA inhibition in vitro and in vivo. The findings demonstrated that there was room for structural modification of furanoquinone compounds that could be used to identify anti-MRSA agent candidates.

Comparison of Short-Term Clinical and Pathological Outcomes after Transanal versus Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision for Low Anterior Rectal Resection Due to Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Background: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is a new technique that is designed to overcome the limits of the open and laparoscopic approach for rectal resections. Objective: This study is designed to compare TaTME with standard laparoscopic TME (LaTME). Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases covering a up to October 2018. Inclusion criteria for study enrolment: (1) study comparing laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer vs. TaTME for rectal malignancy, (2) reporting of overall morbidity, operative time, or major complications. Results: Eleven non-randomized studies were eligible with a total of 778 patients. We found statistical significant differences in regard to major complications in favour of TaTME (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.31–0.97; p = 0.04). We did not found significant differences regarding overall complications intraoperative adverse effects, operative time, anastomotic leakage, intra-abdominal abscess occurrence, Surgical Site Infection, reoperations, Length of stay, completeness of mesorectal excision, R0 resection rate, number of harvested lymph nodes, circumferential resection margin, and distal resection margin. Conclusions: This meta-analysis shows benefits of TaTME technique regarding major postoperative complications. Regarding clinicopathological features transanal approach is not superior to LaTME. Currently, the quality of the evidence on benefits of TaTME is low due to lack of randomized controlled trials, which needs to be taken into consideration in further evaluation of the technique. Further evaluation of TaTME require conducting large randomized control trials.

Intraoral odontogenic abscesses in patients of The Department of Oral Surgery at the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin: 7 years of observation

Introduction: Intraoral abscesses are mainly odontogenic abscesses which need ambulatory treatment, which often involves the extraction of the causal tooth. This is a clinical analysis of occurrence and treatment of an odontogenic abscess in patients of The Department Oral Surgery at the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin treated between 2010-2016. Material/Methods: The estimate made was based on medical records between the years 2010-2016. Research applied to 327 patients, comprising 183 males and 144 females. The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 87. In the data analysis the patients’ demographic data, treatment, location and causes of abscess were taken into account. Results: The largest age group in which abscesses occurred was comprised of people between the ages of 21-30. Abscess occurrence was more common in males. The molar was the most common causal tooth in permanent as well as primary dentition. The most common abscess location was vestibule of the oral cavity. Conclusions: Due to hygiene negligence, a large amount of odontogenic tissue inflammation and intraoral abscesses have been found to require surgical intervention despite widespread access to dental care. The most important in abscess treatment is surgical incision; pharmacotherapy should be additional treatment. The most common antibiotic used for inflammation treatment was clindamycin.