Assessment Of Occupational Hazards Research Articles

Assessment of Occupational Hazards and Health Status (Respiratory and Non-respiratory) Among Sawmillers in Akure Metropolis, Nigeria

Background: Sawmilling exposed workers to diverse occupational mishaps and subsequent health complications. Investigating workplace risk and health status can help mitigate morbidness and death among this group. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the occupational hazards and health status of sawmill workers in Akure, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted on 304 sawmill workers in Akure metropolis selected via multi-stage sampling methodology. Data were collected using a pre-tested, standardized questionnaire. In addition, the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (mmHg), and respiratory function parameters (spirometry) were measured. Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square) were used to evaluate and summarize the data, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The respondents' average age was 42.0 ± 2.8 years. The common reported workplace hazards included noise 273 (89.8%), manual lifting of objects 221 (72.7%), heat 192 (63.2%), and wood dust 192 (63.2%), while common reported injuries were bruises 292 (96.1%), hearing impairment 281 (92.4%), electric shock 250 (82.2%), and fainting attack 232 (76.3%). The common prevalent ailments suffered by respondents in the last month were cough 158 (52.0%), phlegm production 149 (49.0%), chest pain 63 (20.7%), skin problems 100 (32.9%), and eyes irritation 111 (36.5%). The anthropometric measurement showed that most 272 (89.5%) sawmill workers are overweight and obese. Spirometry measurements revealed that one-third of the respondents had a forced expiratory ratio (FER) measurement below 70.00% and an abnormal respiratory rate. The bivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between the respondents' self-reported prior workplace injury, knowledge of workplace dangers, and sociodemographic characteristics (job category and educational level). Conclusions: The results showed that the respondents suffered from impaired respiratory function related to workplace hazard exposure and the non-usage of protective devices during operational activities. In addition, the majority are at risk of developing diverse cardiovascular and respiratory diseases due to workplace exposures.

A systematic review of the integration between occupational and process safety risk analysis methodologies

Safety considerations in process industries primarily revolve around process and occupational safety. In recent times, there has been a growing emphasis on the development and application of risk estimation frameworks to provide a more holistic evaluation of these critical risk types. While previous studies have offered valuable insights into the concurrent assessment and management of occupational and process hazards, a comprehensive review of frameworks and models incorporating risk estimation dimensions is lacking. Accordingly, this review aims to systematically examine studies that have devised methods to integrate the estimation of both occupational and process risks, with a focus on categorizing applied criteria for risk estimation. A thorough literature review was conducted using reputable databases, including Web of Science and Scopus, resulting in the identification of 16 studies meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria. Subsequently, the selected studies were classified into four categories: (1) New Framework Developments, (2) Existing Framework Adjustments, (3) Hybrid Frameworks, and (4) Management System/Risk Management Integration. Furthermore, employing a relevant risk dimension perspective, the identified studies were categorized based on four primary dimensions: (a) Scenario Probability, (b) Scenario Consequences, and (c) Economical Damage. It is crucial to note that the existing literature on occupational-process hazards and associated risk dimensions lacks reliable and robust studies. Therefore, further research efforts are imperative to effectively evaluate, quantify, and precisely delineate diverse risk dimensions within the integrated domain of occupational-process safety.

Assessment of occupational health hazards among printing press workers

Background Workers in printing press are frequently exposed to various occupational health hazards, including physical, chemical, mechanical (ergonomic), biological, and psychological hazards while doing their jobs. Chemical and mechanical hazards pose a significant threat to the health and safety of printing press workers (PPWs). A hazardous working condition not only brings numerous health risks to the workers’ health but also minimizes the enterprise’s productivity. Recognizing these hazards and their consequences is the first step toward creating a safer and healthier work environment for this dedicated workforce. Aim To assess occupational health hazards (OHHs) as reported by PPW. Design A descriptive study design was utilized. Sample A purposive sample of 299 was approached for the current study. Tools Printing Press Workers Structured Questionnaire. Results Workers at the printing press were exposed to different types of OHHs, 44.6% of PPWs were exposed to chemical hazards, 46.3% were exposed to mechanical hazards, 58.5% were exposed to accidents in the workplace, and 39.5% had work accidents due to machines. Regarding causes of chemical hazards, 61.5, 55.2, 89.0, and 57.2% of PPWs were always exposed in the workplace to dust, organic solvents, ink, and lead, respectively. As for the causes of mechanical hazards, 61.9% of the study sample always have work that requires carrying heavy objects, 63.9% have a job that always requires a fixed work situation, and 61.9% have work that requires vigorous effort or maximum range of motion. Additionally, 68.9% of the study sample always have work that requires pushing or pulling, and 68.9% always have jobs that require similar repetitive movements. There were highly statistically significant positive correlations between the work stage and chemical and mechanical hazards (P=0.00). Conclusion PPWs faced various OHHs and health problems due to their work and environment. Over one-third were exposed to mild chemical hazards, almost half were exposed to moderate chemical hazards and less than one-fifth were exposed to high chemical hazards. Regarding mechanical hazards, over one-third of PPWs were exposed to mild mechanical hazards, another one-third were exposed to moderate mechanical hazards, and almost one-third were exposed to high mechanical hazards. Recommendations Conduct training programs on safety and health measures to increase knowledge and awareness of printing workers to minimize OHHs. Also, ensure effective usage of personal protective equipment (PPE).

Assessment of Morbidity Patterns and Occupational Hazards Among Food Handlers in Food Establishments in Tamilnadu, India

Background: Rapid urbanization has increased the intake of external (outside) foods, causing a surge in food-borne diseases. In the South-East Asian region of the World Health Organization, 150 million people fall ill with foodborne diseases every year, of which, 1.75 lakhs perish. Occupational hazards are of public health importance as they cause permanent disability, loss of livelihood, and morbidity. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 235 food handlers working in food establishments of a private educational institution in Tamil Nadu using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, odds ratio and one-way ANOVA were used. Occupational risk score was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: The mean age of the food handlers was 30.7 (SD=10.3). Of the 235 participants, the majority were Males (86%). The commonest acute morbidity was Acid peptic disease (48.5%). Hypertension was reported in 26% of subjects. The most common occupational hazard was prickly heat (74.9% of the subjects). Work-related stress was reported by 72% of the food handlers. Physical hazards were high with a Mean value of 11.67 (SD=5.9) Conclusion: Half the subjects reported Acid Peptic Disease as the most common morbidity. Burns at work and psycho-social issues were found at higher rates. Periodic deworming, vaccination against enteric organisms, routine examinations and ergonomically designed workplaces can prevent outbreaks and preserve workers’ health.

Comprehensive Assessment of Health Impacts from Exposure to Nonionizing Radiation for Healthcare Practitioners Working with MRI and Ultrasound

Background. It is necessary to monitor the health disorders of healthcare practitioners exposed to a complex of occupational hazards to optimize their activities and substantiation of preventive health measures. The purpose of the study was the hygienic assessment of occupational hazards, analysis of data on self-assessment of the state of health (SASH questionnaire) among healthcare practitioners (MRI diagnostics specialists, ultrasound diagnostics specialists, and ophthalmologists, as a control group) exposed to nonionizing radiation, ultrasound, and noise. Materials and Methods. An analysis of hygienic parameters of the working environment (workplace) and questionnaire data of healthcare practitioners were carried out. The number of illnesses and absences from work, the level of quality of life, the level of depression, and the self-assessment of the state of health were evaluated according to the questionnaire. Results. An analysis of workloads made it possible to rank the severity and intensity of labor. Health disorders (according to the self-assessment of the state of health), the number of absences from work due to illness, an increase in complaints and level of depression, and a decrease in the level of quality of life were corresponded to the severity of labor. It was revealed that healthcare practitioners were exposed to a number of hazards during their work (above the threshold limit value (TLV)), which caused an increase in health disorders. Conclusions. During the organization of workplace ergonomics and implementation of preventive measures directed to maintaining health and early diagnosis of diseases, one should take into account the hygienic indicators of the working environment that exceed TLV, the results of self-assessment of the state of health (complaints) and morbidity of healthcare practitioners, the level of quality of life and the level of depression.

New developments in cosmetic applications of electromagnetic fields: Client and occupational hazard assessment.

Energy-based devices are used to improve features of appearance for aesthetic reasons while avoiding more invasive methods. Examples of treatment targets are the reduction of wrinkles, sagging, unwanted skin lesions, body hair and excess fatty tissue, and the enhancement of muscle tissue. One treatment modality is the use of electromagnetic fields (EMF, 0‒300 GHz). The present work aims to give an up-to-date survey of cosmetic applications of EMF for professional use with an assessment of client and worker exposure and possible adverse effects. A systematic search was conducted for peer-reviewed articles (2007-2022), patents, premarket notifications, manufacturer data, and adverse effects reports. Five categories of cosmetic EMF device with increasing frequency were identified: sinusoid low frequency magnetic fields for lipolysis; pulsed low frequency magnetic fields for skin rejuvenation; pulsed low frequency magnetic fields for muscle building; radiofrequency EMF for lipolysis or skin rejuvenation; microwaves for hair removal or hyperhidrosis. In the vicinity of the last four device categories, there is a potential for exceeding the occupational exposure limits in the European Union EMF Directive, which could lead to nerve or muscle stimulation, burns or overheating. There are also potential hazards for clients or workers wearing active or passive medical devices. The severity of reported adverse effects increases with EMF frequency.

Прогнозирование уровня травматизма в организации на основе результатов оценки профессиональных рисков

The methodology for converting the results of occupational risk assessment into forecast coefficients of injury frequency and severity is provided. The criticality of assessment of occupational risks and hazards for employees’ safety and health is accentuated. In the article, a unified methodological framework of risk assessment, including a general nomenclature of hazards, probability scales, severity of consequences of disabilities, occupational risk level classification, and a clear definition of the concept of «acceptable risk» are described. Notably, in most cases, employees question the necessity of occupational risk assessment; therefore, intuitive and motivating indices to encourage taking preventive measures to reduce and eliminate risks are required. The methodology is provided along with a step-by-step specification of the initial data and calculation formulas. It is noted that the software (1С: Labor Safety) can significantly facilitate the process of risk assessment and management. The methodology that enables the identification of prioritized risks, adjustment of risk levels, and evaluation of the efficiency of preventive measures taken, was proposed.

Assessing the Risk of Occupational Hazard Using the FMEA Tool Among Hospital Staff at Multispecialty Hospital

Considering the importance of occupational hazard assessment, this study has been performed to identify the risks for employees who especially undergo a major occupational hazard that affects their efficiency and productivity. The study aimed to assess the risk of occupational hazard using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and strategy to modify the healthcare packages provided by the hospital to the staff. A survey and personal interviews were done at a private multispecialty hospital in Chennai using a descriptive study methodology. The survey included 150 hospital employees from four departments: CSSD (6 participants, covering all available samples), Maintenance (41 participants, chosen at random), Nursing (60 participants, chosen at random), and Housekeeping (43 participants, chosen at random). To collect data, a standardized questionnaire aligned with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was used (https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/1987-08-06). In addition, unstructured personal interviews with key workers were undertaken. The data revealed that CSSD workers encountered most of the stated dangers, with 100% admitting to workplace risks such as needle sticks, chemical allergies, the risk of burns, and awkward ergonomic postures. Maintenance workers reported a 54% risk of pain and discomfort, 32% of sleep loss following night shifts, and 37% of chemical risks. Nursing personnel cited poor ergonomic posture (68%) as a key concern, followed by sleep loss (62%), and the risk of cuts (52%). Housekeeping personnel cited hazards of falls (69%), poor ergonomic postures (40%), and infectious disease exposure (31%). The study emphasizes the need to address occupational health risks in healthcare settings by thoroughly reviewing the many occupational health hazards that impact healthcare professionals. However, it is important to remember that the study relied on data from the previous six months, potentially leaving out undetected risks. Furthermore, the study emphasized the impact of these dangers on healthcare personnel, emphasizing the problem of events being underreported inside the institution. Notably, the study emphasized the importance of paying close attention to occupational dangers such as needle sticks, chemical exposure, burns and ergonomic concerns in healthcare professionals' daily health management.

Assessment of occupational safety and health hazards among borehole drilling employees in harare district, Zimbabwe

Assessment of occupational safety and health hazards among borehole drilling employees in harare district, Zimbabwe

Assessment of occupational health hazards and associated morbidities in sanitation workers of a metropolitan city in India: a cross-sectional study

Background: Rapid economic development in emerging countries has accelerated urbanisation, resulting in a rise in urban population as well as sanitation issues such as garbage buildup, clogged sewers, and unhygienic streets. Sanitation employees' health and safety are impacted by increasing workloads and dangers. Numerous health hazards are highlighted in studies, including those related to their gastrointestinal system, lungs, musculoskeletal system, and infectious disorders. Concerns include psychological issues and cancer as well. Methods: Data from sanitation employees who participated in rotary screening and health checkup activities in Mumbai were analysed in this retrospective cross-sectional research. The study collected demographic information, a self-designed questionnaire on alcohol and cigarette use, and clinical characteristics such blood pressure and haemoglobin levels from participants after they gave informed written consent. Results: The participants in this retrospective observational research from Mumbai, India, included 793 sanitation employees in total. Age, gender, and tobacco/alcohol use were among the participant variables and targeted results that we looked at. The significant results obtained were cataract on one side 17/793, erythroplakia 1/793 and leukoplakia 26/793. Conclusions: It is essential to acknowledge their accomplishments and provide greater assistance. Waste disposal is difficult in poor countries because of the prevalence of organic waste. To protect employees, immediate action and the appropriate protective equipment are required.

Assessment of Occupational Hazards Related Factors among Tobacco Workers

Introduction: The occupational health of workers is the most valued social issue in the society and plays an important role in achieving successful human competence. The current descriptive study aimed to assess the factors related to occupational hazards among tobacco workers in Lattakia in Syria. Methods: The data was collected from an available sample that included 283 workers in Al-Raija factory, using a questionnaire that consisted of three parts (demographic and health data, 19 questions about occupational hazards and diseases, 15 questions about factors related to the work environment, 9 questions about factors related to the nature of work, and 10 questions about factors relating to occupational health services for workers). Results: The results showed that more than half of the workers had respiratory and musculoskeletal problems, in addition to fatigue and stress. The factors related to the work environment and occupational health services were at low level, while the factors related to the nature of work were at medium level. Conclusions: The study recommends the periodic examination of workers, expanding the role of the occupational safety department, and paying attention to the provision and commitment of workers to personal protection means.

Risk Assessment of Operating Room Occupational Hazards Using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

Background: The operating room is one of the most risky parts of the hospital. All employed personnel are exposed to occupational hazards. This study aimed to assess and control the risk of occupational hazards in urology surgeries using the technique of analysis of error states and its effects in the operating room. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through observation of common operating room processes, background checks and documents, and focus group discussion. Data analysis was in accordance with the failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) method based on risk priority number (RPN). Results: Considering 16 common operating room processes, there were 23 potential error modes of which 5 of them were identified as unacceptable and high risk. These five items included "working with sharp tools with RPN8/311", "working under high pressure and risky conditions with RPN 292", "hand washing with RPN 254.6", "intubation/extubation/suction of secretions with RPN 213.2", and "working with radiation equipment with RPN 206.9". Conclusion: In case of unacceptable errors, corrective actions were presented in three areas of decreasing occurrence and severity and increasing the ability to detect errors. It is suggested that retraining courses be held to prevent errors, ensure the health of operating room personnel, and increase the quality of services.

Risk Assessment of Anesthesiology using Hybrid AHP-CoCoSo

Background and Objective: Anesthesiologists are exposed to significant risks due to advancements in the techniques of anesthesia and surgery, the emergence of modern equipment and drugs, as well as increased responsibilities and expectations. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide a model for assessing the risks and hazards existing in this profession. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study. Initially, various sources, including interviews with three experts and reviews of articles, were used to extract occupational risks in the field of anesthesiology. Subsequently, the study criteria, including consequence, probability, and exposure, were determined, and the weighting of these criteria was calculated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Finally, the prioritization of different risks was determined using the combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) method. Results: Based on the weights of criteria using the AHP method, consequence with a weight of 0.43 was the most important criterion, while exposure with a weight of 0.27 was the least important criterion in this study. Furthermore, among the investigated risks, inhaling anesthetic gases while wearing a mask and filling a vaporizer (R5) was selected as the most dangerous risk, followed by skin contact with scrubs or blood, patient's secretions, and infected tissues (R1), as well as needle sticking during venipuncture and patient's spinal anesthesia (R12), which were selected as the second and third most dangerous risks in anesthesiology, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the consequence was identified as the most important criterion, and the risks of inhaling anesthetic gases during mask ventilation and filling the vaporizer were determined to be the most significant occupational risks in anesthesiology. Furthermore, it was established that the proposed method can be used for risk assessment and prioritization of occupational hazards in anesthesiology and other professions.

Inherent Occupational Health Assessment for Alternative Hydrogen Synthesis Pathways

Hydrogen is one of the most investigated topics in energy transition due to its sustainability and vast applicability. However, it has health and safety challenges like any other chemical process. Most attention focuses on this fuel production's technology and economic potential with some work related to its safety impact. This study conducts an occupational health hazard assessment on two hydrogen synthesis routes at the design research and development stage. This study compares the outcomes to find the healthiest Hydrogen production route. This research leveraged the Inherent Occupational Health Index (IOHI) as the assessment to measure the health challenges peculiar to each production route. Three different index calculation types additive, average, and worst case are used to achieve the comparison. The information used in the evaluation is available at the R&D design stage. The study shows that both synthesis routes assessed steam methane reforming and coal gasification fall under the hazardous category of the IOHI index standard. But steam methane reforming has a lower IOHI index standard value of 16 than coal gasification 17.7. Therefore, although both synthesis routes are hazardous and pose occupational health risks to workers, steam methane reforming is a better alternative for hydrogen production from a health perspective.

Nail job and women’s health: Assessment of ergonomics and occupational hazards

BACKGROUND: The nail job is a new occupation in which the number of people who choose this job is rising. Therefore, the harmful hazards affecting the health of the practitioners should be taken into account. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ergonomics and occupational health hazards among nail technicians in Iranian society. METHODS: The self-administered questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Novel Ergonomic Postural Assessment (NERPA) method were used to gather data from 80 female nail technicians who participated in this study. RESULTS: More than half of the participants (67.6%) complained of coughing and eye irritation (70%) which was the most frequently reported irritation. The final score of the NERPA was at a high-risk level and the neck pain (63.8%) was the highest in comparison with other parts of the body. There was a significant relationship between activity type with disorder in the neck, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle. Lighting intensity was not significantly associated with musculoskeletal disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Concerning the low work experience, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and, respiratory complaints is high. Hence, the attention of policy-makers to the safety and hygiene issues of women in this occupation is necessary by setting guidelines and considering inspections of occupational health and safety professionals.

Analysis on the incidence of occupational diseases in Bao'an District of Shenzhen city from 2006 to 2019

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of occupational diseases in Bao'an District of Shenzhen from 2006 to 2019, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating occupational disease prevention policies and measures. Methods: In September 2020, the information of new occupational disease cases in Bao'an District of Shenzhen from 2006 to 2019 was collected through the national occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system, and the classification, disease type distribution, population distribution and industry and enterprise scale distribution of new occupational disease cases were analyzed. Results: From 2006 to 2019, a total of 762 new occupational diseases were reported in Bao'an District of Shenzhen, of which the top three were occupational ear, nose, throat and oral diseases (233 cases, accounting for 30.58%) , occupational chemical poisoning diseases (219 cases, accounting for 28.74%) , occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases (127 cases, accounting for 16.67%) . The classification composition of occupational diseases was different in different years, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . New occupational diseases are mainly distributed in the manufacturing industry (394 Eaterprises, caccouling 93.59%) , concentrated in (346 cases, accounting for 47.66%) and medium-sized enterprises (199 cases, accounting for 27.4%) small enterprises. Conclusion: New occupational diseases in Bao'an District of Shenzhen should focus on small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, carry out risk assessment of occupational hazards, implement classified and hierarchical supervision of occupational health, and implement occupational health protection.

Occupational health and safety risk assessment using an integrated TODIM‐PROMETHEE model under linguistic spherical fuzzy environment

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a multidisciplinary activity aimed at recognizing, evaluating and controlling hazards arising in or from the workplace that could impair the health and well-being of workers. In dealing with an OHS risk analysis problem, it is a crucial step and also a big challenge to assess the risk of occupational hazards. Normally, domain experts tend to use qualitative words to express the risk of occupational hazards due to the fuzziness of human cognition, and multiple risk criteria are often involved in the OHS risk analysis. In this study, we develop a new OHS risk assessment framework by integrating the TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for interactive and multicriteria decision-making) and preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) methods to assess and rank the risk of occupational hazards under linguistic spherical fuzzy environment. The linguistic spherical fuzzy sets are utilized to deal with the vague and uncertain risk assessments of occupational hazards provided by experts. An integrated TODIM-PROMETHEE algorithm is introduced to determine the risk priority of the identified occupational hazards. Moreover, we extend the indifference threshold-based attribute ratio analysis method to derive the relative weights of risk criteria based on linguistic spherical fuzzy information. Finally, the OHS risk analysis of medical staff in a hospital is presented to illustrate the effectiveness and availability of our proposed model. Results show that the TODIM-PROMETHEE framework being developed in this study provides a useful, effective, and practical way for the risk assessment of occupational hazards in OHS.

An Assessment of Occupational Safety and Health Hazards, Health Problems, and safety Practices in the Operational Environment of Petrol Stations

Studies have shown that pump attendants are exposed to occupational safety and health hazards, which has health implications. There is also a lack of knowledge amongst pump attendants about key safety measures that can be used to abate these hazards. This study focused on determining BTEX concentrations to which pump attendants are exposed over a forty-hour work week; assessing their knowledge of safety and health hazards, safety practices, and identifying the types of health problems they may have experienced on the job.

Occupational health and safety risk assessment using an integrated SWARA-MABAC model under bipolar fuzzy environment

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a systemic and multidisciplinary activity for anticipating, recognizing, evaluating and controlling the hazards that may impair the health of workers. Risk assessment of hazards plays a critical role in the OHS. However, due to the vagueness and uncertainty of information, it is difficult for experts to express their opinions with crisp numbers in the risk assessment process. In this paper, we present a new OHS model, which integrates bipolar fuzzy sets (BFSs) and multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) method, for the risk assessment of occupational hazards. Specifically, the BFSs are utilized to deal with the vague and uncertain assessment information of hazards provided by experts and the MABAC method is used to determine the risk ranking of hazards. Moreover, we extend the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method with BFSs to obtain the weights of risk criteria. Finally, the occupational hazard risk assessment example on construction sites is conducted and a comparative analysis is performed to verify the effectiveness and availability of our proposed OHS model. The results show that the new integrated model provides a more effective and practical method for the risk prioritization of occupational hazards in OHS.

Inherent occupational health assessment index for research and development stage of process design

Occupational health analyses the job and health relationships, in particular the chronic health influence of chemicals to workers. In most of the previous works for inherent hazards assessment, the focus was put on safety aspect; with very minor elements of health are taken into account. Most of the earlier design stage assessment methods focus only on the hazard identification and assessment part; but not the risk mitigation element. This study aims to create an assessment method that integrate the existing inherent hazards assessment index which is the Inherent Occupational Health Index (IOHI) with suitable Layers of Protection (LOP) strategies for each of the enlisted hazard parameters. The IOHI considers the health hazards existed during research and development stage. Risk prevention and minimization strategies are proposed according to each hazard parameters and levels. Scores are also assigned to each LOP strategies. Integration of occupational health hazard assessment index with the prevention strategy is achieved through a designed formula. The proposed method provides users with list of suitable counter measures for each hazard parameter, and each option offers varied level of effectiveness. The proposed index is applied to two process routes of methyl methacrylate production which are ethylene via propionaldehyde based route (C2/PA) and propylene based route (C3). The results revealed that the process routes are in the category of “safe” when the proposed control strategies are evaluated in the assessment.