Quality Of Obturation Research Articles

Retrospective analysis and clinical features of periapical tissue regeneration

Background: Chronic periodontitis is associated with changes in periapical tissues. Untimely diagnosis and lack of appropriate mechanical treatment increase the incidence of chronic periodontitis. Periodontitis that causes destructive changes due to long-term inflammation of periapical tissues is of particular concern. Thus, the treatment of destructive periodontal diseases is a pressing issue in modern dentistry. Aim: To assess periapical tissue regeneration following treatment in chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the destruction and regeneration of periapical tissues before and after treatment during 3–6 months was performed in 20 patients. Results: A retrospective analysis of X-ray findings in 20 patients revealed bone destruction of varying degrees. Low-quality root canal preparation was due to various factors, primarily the anatomy and topography of root canals. Of the 20 patients who required treatment for chronic periodontitis with varying degrees of destruction, 16 came back for follow-up appointments and received endodontic treatment. Following treatment, X-ray findings were used to identify taper root canal preparation and assess the quality of obturation up to the root apex. X-ray examination was performed after 3 months in patients with clinical signs of periodontitis and after 6 months in patients without clinical signs of periodontitis. After 3 months, X-ray findings showed a reduction in bone destruction in the causative tooth area, indicating an improvement. Conclusion: The study of periapical tissue regeneration following treatment in chronic periodontitis patients revealed that effective apical preparation, as well as appropriate irrigation and root canal filling, promote regeneration in periodontitis. Healing of periapical tissues is essential for effective root canal treatment.

Comparative analysis of rotary versus manual instrumentation in paediatric pulpectomy procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The use of rotary file in permanent teeth is well-documented, but there is limited scientific evidence for its effectiveness in primary teeth. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare rotary and manual tools in primary tooth pulpectomy procedures. Ten databases were searched from 2000 to 2024 to find relevant literature. The Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool assessed bias in randomised control trials. STATA software version 18 conducted the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was used for instrumentation time and obturation quality evaluation while sensitivity analysis followed high heterogeneity detection. Twenty RCTs were included after screening 723 studies. Publication bias and heterogeneity were found for instrumentation time, leading to removal of nine studies. Significant difference in mean instrumentation time (1.42) was noted. Obturation quality assessment showed an odds ratio of 1.82. Use of rotary instrumentation yielded superior outcomes compared with manual instrumentation for pulpectomy for primary teeth.

Volumetric analysis of Hand and Rotary instrumentation and Evaluation of Obturating material in Primary teeth using CBCT – A Clinical trial

Aims & Background: The biomechanical preparation is considered a critical step in the Pulpectomy procedure. The goal is to remove the microbiological contents in the canal and protect tooth function. In-vitro studies demonstrate that the shape of the root canal is more conical, favouring higher obturation quality and thereby increasing success rate using rotary files. So, this clinical trial aims to compare the volume of root canals before and after root canal instrumentation using hand and rotary files and to evaluate the flow of obturating material using CBCT in primary molars. Materials and Methods: This trial was conducted in 20 primary molars which were assigned to Group 1 (Hand files) and Group 2 (Rotary files). A CBCT was taken at 3 different intervals i.e., Prior to the procedure, After BMP, After the procedure. The difference between the Pre-instrumentation and Post-instrumentation CBCT images reveals the 3D volume change measured using hand and rotary files. Post-instrumentation and Post-obturation CBCT scans display the flow of root canal filling material in primary molars. Results: There were statistically significant differences noticed within Group 1 (p value = 0.000); and pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation, pre-instrumentation and post-obturation in Group 2 (p value = 0.000). No statistically significant difference seen between post-instrumentation and post-obturation values (p value = 0.076). Significant differences were found in post-instrumentation and post-obturation volumes between groups. Conclusion: This trial concluded that rotary files led to a more productive funnel-shaped canal preparation that resulted in better obturation quality with minimal voids than hand files. Clinical significance: Rotary files using 3D imaging allowed more conservative and efficient root canal preparation while maintaining anatomy, resulting in superior three-dimensional obturation than hand files.

Analysis of errors in endodontic treatment according to cone-beam computed tomography

AIM. The aim of the study was to study the frequency of errors in endodontic treatment according to cone beam computed tomography.MATERIALS AND METHODS. 71 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients treated by random sampling who sought treatment and consultation in the period 2022–2023 were studied. 256 teeth previously subjected to endodontic treatment with the presence or absence of radiological signs of chronic apical periodontitis were examined. The assessment of the quality of root canal obturation and the features of the anatomical structure of teeth was carried out. The data of the «Ray RAYSCAN alpha 3D» cone beam computed tomograph were studied using the OnDemand3DDental program. The results were considered statistically significant at p< 0.05.RESULTS. In 57.42% of cases, there were no signs of periapical pathology, and in 42.58%, foci of bone destruction in the periapical region were observed. Homogeneously, 58.59% of root canals were sealed to the apex. In 16.79% of cases, the removal of filling material outside the root canal was noted. 10.54% of teeth with insufficient root canal filling depth and 6.64% of teeth with a missing root canal were also identified.CONCLUSIONS. There is a decrease in the incidence of the most common errors of endodontic treatment. The method of cone beam computed tomography is important at the stage of diagnosis and planning of endodontic treatment to assess the features of the internal structure of the tooth.

Influence of Endodontic Cavity Design on Interfacial Voids, Class II Resin Composites Sealing Ability and Tooth Fracture Resistance: An In Vitro Study.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro investigation is to study the effect of endodontic cavity design on interfacial voids, class II resin composite sealing ability, and fracture resistance in mandibular premolars. Methods: A total of 48 single-rooted mandibular premolars received compound class II preparations with either traditional flare access cavities (group A) or contracted endodontic cavity preparations (group B). Each study group was subdivided according to the coronal restoration into two sub-groups as α and β. In the α group, a microhybrid composite was used after etch-and-rinse bonding technique using an MDP-containing universal adhesive. In the β group, a self-adhesive composite was used as coronal restoration after endodontic treatment (n = 12) for each subgroup. A micro-CT analysis was performed to assess the obturation interfacial voids and tracing of class II cervical interfacial adaptation. The tooth fracture resistance testing was then performed adding an extra group of 12 sound non-prepared teeth, which were tested as the control for fracture strength testing. A one-way ANOVA and post-hoc testing were used together with descriptive statistics for an analysis of the mean values of obturation interfacial voids. A two-way ANOVA was used to assess the fracture resistance test results, and to find the influence of endodontic access design and the type of composite material on the fracture resistance testing. Chi-square testing was employed to analyze the cervical interfacial seal of the class II restorations. Results: A one-way ANOVA revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between test groups in the amount of obturation interfacial voids (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between test groups in terms of cervical interfacial sealing ability (p > 0.05). A two-way ANOVA revealed that no statistically significant differences between test groups including the control group existed in terms of the fracture resistance testing (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Although it does not improve tooth fracture resistance, the contracted endodontic access cavity does not deteriorate the quality of obturation in terms of the interfacial porosity. The self-adhesive composite does not improve the efficiency of cervical interfacial adaptation or tooth fracture resistance regardless of the endodontic access cavity shape, yet it revealed a substantial load-bearing capacity.

To Compare and Evaluate Rotary and Manual Techniques in Biomechanical Preparation of Primary Molars to Know Their Effects in Terms of Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy.

The introduction of the rotary file system for children was a revolution in the field of pediatric endodontics. These files are cost-effective and help in consistent obturations with shorter instrumentation time. The present randomized controlled trial (RCT) was planned for a comparative evaluation of rotary and manual techniques in biomechanical preparation of primary molars to determine their effect in terms of cleaning and shaping efficacy, working time, quality of obturation, and postoperative pain. A randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 75 children aged 5-9 years requiring pulpectomy. Each tooth was randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups: Kedo-S files, rotary K-Flex files, and hand instruments group. It was observed that Kedo-S files and rotary K-Flex files were more effective in cleaning and shaping of root canals compared to hand H/K files. The postbacterial count for hand files was higher compared to rotary files. Shorter working time was seen with rotary files (3.88-5.04 minutes) compared to hand files (15.68 minutes). Rotary files showed a reduced number of voids, with Kedo-S files in 92% of cases and rotary K-Flex files in 80% of cases. Apical seal and extent of fill were maximum with rotary files, having a grade C rating in 92% of cases. Kedo-S files and rotary K-Flex files showed a significant reduction in postoperative pain compared to hand files. The present study showed a significant reduction in bacterial count, working time, quality of obturation, and postoperative pain with rotary files. Moudgalya MS, Tyagi P, Tiwari S, et al. To Compare and Evaluate Rotary and Manual Techniques in Biomechanical Preparation of Primary Molars to Know Their Effects in Terms of Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):864-870.

Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Rotary and Hand File Systems in Terms of Quality of Obturation and Instrumentation Time among Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to answer the following focused question: Are rotary file systems more effective than hand file systems in terms of the quality of obturation and instrumentation time among primary teeth? The inclusion criteria comprised studies that compared the effect on quality of obturation and instrumentation time among primary teeth after using rotary and hand file systems for biomechanical preparation of the root canals. This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The searched databases included Medline (via PubMed), EBSCO, and Google Scholar. Articles published from January 2000 to December 2021, but only in English, were included. The search resulted in 8,003 published studies. After the removal of duplicate studies and full-text analysis, 9 studies were selected for systematic review, and 8 were selected for meta-analysis. Overall, the results demonstrated the promising effects of rotary file systems in reducing instrumentation time and improving obturation quality compared to hand files. Within the limitations of this review, it can be asserted that rotary file systems are superior to hand files in primary teeth for pulpectomy procedures. Rotary files, a more recent technique, are more efficient than traditional hand files in lowering the time required for instrumentation. Additionally, they provide superior obturation quality in primary molars, making them particularly beneficial for pediatric patients. Gala UP, Kalaskar R, Vinay V, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Rotary and Hand File Systems in Terms of Quality of Obturation and Instrumentation Time among Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):962-969.

Evaluation and Comparison of Dentin Thickness, Centering Ability, Canal Transportation, and Instrumentation Time of Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex Files in Primary Root Canals Using a Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Analysis: An In Vitro Study.

Pediatric rotary systems have the advantage of improved canal centricity and conservative canal preparation with better obturation quality. Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex files are two exclusive pediatric rotary file systems that were introduced in recent times. The aim of the present study is to compare and evaluate the dentine thickness, centering ability, canal transportation, and instrumentation time of Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex files using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 40 extracted human primary molar teeth with a minimum 7 mm root length were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups: group I, Pro AF Baby Gold; group II, Pedoflex files. Teeth were imaged preoperatively with CBCT, then root canal preparation was done in both groups with respective files, followed by postoperative CBCT imaging to evaluate the dentin thickness, centering ability, and canal transportation of both groups. Instrumentation time was noted using a stopwatch. There is a statistically significant difference in the instrumentation time; Pedoflex took a shorter time when compared to Pro AF Baby Gold files. Regarding canal transportation, there was no significant difference between the two files, with Pedoflex showing a better value than the other files. Regarding centering ability, there was no significant difference between the two files, with Pro AF Baby Gold having a better value than the other files (p < 0.001). From the findings of our present study, it was found that both systems were able to effectively shape curved root canals in terms of canal transportation and centering ability. Busi S, PJ N, Deoghare A, et al. Evaluation and Comparison of Dentin Thickness, Centering Ability, Canal Transportation, and Instrumentation Time of Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex Files in Primary Root Canals Using a Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Analysis: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):892-897.

Evaluation of the Quality of Root Canal Obturation Using Resin and Silicon-Based Sealers: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Evaluation of the Quality of Root Canal Obturation Using Resin and Silicon-Based Sealers: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Mineral trioxide aggregate obturation quality with two obturation techniques in severe curved root canals – a micro-CT study

BackgroundThe existence of voids within the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) composition is one of the factors that can influence the treatment outcome. The primary objective of this study was to quantitatively assess and compare the MTA orthograde obturation quality in severe curved root canals using two different MTA compaction techniques: manual compaction with K-file, or Auger technique using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging.MethodsFor this study, 26 mandibular first molar teeth with severely curved mesiobuccal root canals were selected. These samples were randomly divided into two groups. All root canals were instrumented using ProTaper Gold rotary files up to the F3 file at the working length. In one group, OrthoMTA was compacted using a stainless steel K-file, while in the other group, the Auger technique was employed for compaction into the root canals. Once the MTA had completely set, the filled root canals were subjected to scanning using a high-resolution micro-CT scanner. The porosity volume was determined as a percentage in relation to the overal volume of the canal, and the collected data were subjected to analysis using SPSS software, with the significance level set at P < 0.05.ResultsThe two techniques had no significant difference in open, closed, and total mean porosity. In both groups, the mean of open porosity was significantly more than closed porosity.ConclusionsAccording to the results of the present study, neither of these two techniques is preferred to the other, and factors such as working time, etc., can be considered to choose the more appropriate clinical technique.

Enhancing Precision in Endodontic Procedures: An In vitro Investigation of Magnification and Enhanced Visualization

ABSTRACT Background: Endodontic procedures require precise manipulation and visualization to achieve optimal treatment outcomes. Magnification and enhanced visualization tools, such as dental loupes and dental operating microscopes (DOMs), have been introduced to enhance precision in endodontic practice. Materials and Methods: Extracted human teeth with single-rooted canals were divided into two groups: a control group without magnification and an experimental group with magnification and enhanced visualization. Endodontic procedures, including access cavity preparation, cleaning, shaping, and obturation, were performed on both groups. The experimental group utilized either dental loupes or a DOM for enhanced visualization. Treatment outcomes were assessed based on predefined criteria, including the quality of access cavity preparation, canal cleanliness, shaping, and obturation. Scores were assigned to each criterion to quantify treatment precision. Results: The use of magnification and enhanced visualization significantly improved precision in endodontic procedures compared to the control group. Access cavity preparation in the experimental group resulted in more conservative tooth structure removal and improved visualization of canal orifices. Canal cleanliness, shaping, and obturation were markedly superior in the experimental group, with higher scores indicating better precision. The experimental group also exhibited a reduced incidence of procedural errors and complications compared to the control group. Conclusion: Magnification and enhanced visualization tools, such as dental loupes and DOMs, enhance precision in endodontic procedures.

Comparative Evaluation of the Quality of Obturation Between Three Obturation Techniques in Primary Canines: An In Vitro Study.

Aims This study compares three obturation techniques (rotary lentulo spiral, handheld lentulo spiral, and pressure syringe) for the quality of two filling pastes (zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) paste and Metapex (Meta Biomed Co., Ltd., Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea). Methods and materials Sixty extracted primary canines were instrumented and obturated by filling materials. The obturation techniques were divided into three groups according to different obturation techniques.Obturation quality was evaluated for length, density, and presence of voids by using digital radiography. Results This study showed that the handheld lentulo spiral technique using Metapex and ZOE exhibited more optimal fillings for obturation length. The highest density obturation was achieved using the syringe injection approach with Metapex and ZOE. The highest incidence of both external and internal voids was observed in the group using ZOE with the handheld lentulo spiral technique Conclusions Based on the findings of this study, for both filling materials, the handheld lentulo spiral technique had the greatest number of optimal lengthsbut there were also more voids.

Comparing Warm and Cold Gutta-Percha Techniques for Root Canal Filling: An In Vitro Study

ABSTRACT Background: Gutta-percha is commonly used in endodontic therapy for obturating root canals after cleaning and shaping procedures. Warm and cold gutta-percha techniques are two common methods employed for obturation, each with its own advantages and limitations. Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted human teeth with single-rooted canals were selected and divided into two groups: warm gutta-percha obturation and cold gutta-percha obturation. In the warm gutta-percha group, gutta-percha was heated to a predetermined temperature using a warm gutta-percha heating device and injected into the root canal using a heated carrier. In the cold gutta-percha group, gutta-percha was applied directly to the root canal without prior heating. Root canal obturation quality was assessed using radiographic imaging to evaluate the presence of voids, completeness of obturation, and adaptation to the canal walls. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis was also performed to quantify the volume of obturating material and assess the three-dimensional distribution of gutta-percha within the root canal space. Results: Both warm and cold gutta-percha techniques demonstrated effective obturation of root canals, with comparable outcomes in terms of void formation, completeness of obturation, and adaptation to canal walls. However, micro-CT analysis revealed differences in the volume and distribution of gutta-percha within the root canal space. Warm gutta-percha obturation exhibited more uniform distribution of gutta-percha material and higher volumetric filling compared to cold gutta-percha obturation. Additionally, the warm gutta-percha technique demonstrated superior flowability and adaptation to irregularities within the root canal system. Conclusion: In this in vitro study, warm gutta-percha obturation demonstrated advantages over cold gutta-percha obturation in terms of volumetric filling, distribution within the root canal space, and adaptation to canal irregularities.

Dentinal Crack Formation and Quality of Obturation Using Two Single File Systems and Two Obturation Techniques: A micro-CT Study.

Background and objectives: Root canal preparation following obturation with rotary instruments and different obturation techniques may lead to formation of microcracks in the root canal wall, void and gaps between the canal wall and obturation material. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate dentinal microcracks and voids formation after using two different files TruNatomy (TRN) and Genius (GN) and two obturation techniques Single Cone (SC) and GuttaCore (GC) using Microcomputed tomography scan (micro-CT). Methods: 40 extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated, leaving 13mm roots. The roots were randomly divided into two main groups TRN and GN ((n=20)) according to instrumentation, afterwards each group subdivided into two subgroups ((n=10)) according to obturation techniques. The root canals instrumented with TRN and GN file and obturated with Single Cone (SC) and GuttaCore (GC) obturation techniques. AH Plus sealer was used in all groups. The specimens were scanned with Micro-CT before and after root canal preparation and after obturation. subsequently, all pre-and postoperative cross-sectional images of the roots were screened to identify the presence of dentinal defects. Furthermore, the percentage of voids volume calculated. Data were analyzed statistically to determine difference between groups, the level of statistical significance was at p &lt; 0.05. Results: GN revealed the least number of microcracks. There were no significant differences between groups in the incidence of dentinal microcracks. The highest percentage of filling material was observed in GC groups. There were significant differences between the obturation groups in the number of voids present after obturation (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The instrumentation of root canals induces dentinal microcracks. Obturation have no effect on the formation of cracks. None of the root canal filling procedures yield fillings that are void-free. Keywords: Dentinal crack, Voids, Micro CT, Guttacore, Singlecone, TruNatomy, Genius.

Quality of Root Canal Filling in Curved Canals Utilizing Warm Vertical Compaction and Two Different Single Cone Techniques: A Three-Dimensional Micro-Computed Tomography Study.

Successful endodontic treatment depends on three-dimensional (3D) root canal filling to prevent the leakage of residual bacteria. Different obturation techniques with different sealers should be compared by employing advanced assessment tools. This study compared the obturation quality of warm vertical compaction (WVC) and two different single-cone (SC) techniques using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty-three extracted maxillary molars with mesial root canal curvature of 20‒40º were prepared in vitro with One-Curve files and randomly assigned to three groups (n=11) for root canal obturation with WVC, SC technique with AH Plus sealer (SC-AH), or SC technique with SureSeal bioceramic (BC) sealer (SC-Su). The root canals underwent micro-CT examinations before and after obturation to determine the volume percentages (VPs) of voids and gaps at different distances from the apex (coronal, middle, and apical thirds). Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The highest VP of voids and gaps was recorded in the SC-Su group, with no significant difference from other groups (p> 0.05). There were significant differences in VP of gaps at different distances from the apex (p<0.05). The VPs of gaps in the apical third of all the samples were significantly higher than in the coronal and middle thirds. However, the difference in VP of voids was not significant at different distances from the apex (p>0.05). None of the tested techniques could provide a void-free and gap-free filling. The apical third of the canals showed the highest VP of gaps in all obturation techniques.

Effects of Access Cavity Design and Placement Techniques on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Obturation Quality in Simulated Immature Teeth: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study.

Background and Objectives: In teeth with open apices, performing single session apexification is a challenging treatment due to the difficulty in handling mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Minimally invasive approaches in dentistry have also influenced the cavity designs in endodontics. Until now, different techniques have not been investigated in addition to manual condensation during the process of placing MTA in traditional (TradACs) or conservative (ConsACs) endodontic access cavities. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare and evaluate the obturation quality of MTA apical plugs placed with different techniques in TradACs or ConsACs. Materials and Methods: Sixty upper central teeth were divided into two main groups based on cavity design, and then each main group was further divided into three subgroups according to MTA placement techniques (n = 10): TradAC-manual, TradAC-manual + indirect ultrasonic activation, TradAC-manual + XP-endo Shaper (XPS), ConsAC-manual, ConsAC-manual + indirect ultrasonic activation, and ConsAC-manual + XPS. Subsequently, the porosity percentages in the MTA apical plug were analyzed using micro-computed tomography. The statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: There were differences in volume of porosity percentages (%) according to cavity designs and MTA application techniques (p < 0.05). Except for the XPS group, more porosity was observed in ConsACs compared to TradACs. In TradACs, the significantly lowest open and total porosity was observed in the manual, ultrasonic, and XPS techniques, respectively. In ConsACs, the significantly lowest porosity was observed in the manual, XPS, and ultrasonic techniques, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In MTA obturation, cavity designs and application techniques had an impact on the MTA porosity. Creating an apical plug in ConsACs may result in more porosity compared to TradACs, especially when manual or indirect ultrasonic activation is preferred. Opting for the manual technique alone may be considered sufficient for controlling porosity for both TradACs and ConsACs.

Comparison of Fracture Resistance and Quality of Lateral Condensation Obturation in Traditional and Conservative Access Cavity Preparation: An In Vitro Study

Comparison of Fracture Resistance and Quality of Lateral Condensation Obturation in Traditional and Conservative Access Cavity Preparation: An In Vitro Study

Micro-computed tomographic evaluation on the quality of single-cone obturation using a modified passive-deflation sealer injection needle: an in vitro study.

This study aimed to design a modified passive-deflation sealer injection needle and investigate its ability to improve obturation quality of single-cone technique through assessing the distribution of voids in root canals using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Forty-eight mandibular incisors were divided into eight groups (n = 6), according to the taper of root canal preparation (0.06 or 0.04), the needle used for sealer injection (modified or commercial iRoot SP injection needle), and the obturation method (iRoot SP sealer-only or single-cone obturation). After obturation, each specimen was scanned by micro-CT. The volumetric percentage and distribution of all voids were first analyzed and compared among groups, then the open and closed voids were separately analyzed and compared among single-cone obturation groups. Compared to commercial needle groups, modified needle groups showed much less voids, especially in the apical root canal part (P < 0.05). Besides, the modified needle groups produced much less open voids than commercial needle groups despite the root canal taper (P < 0.05). The modified passive deflation sealer injection needle could effectively improve the quality of single-cone obturation through reducing intra-canal voids, especially open voids throughout the root canal, thus might possibly be developed as an effective intra-canal sealer delivering instrument.

Three-Dimensional Measurement of Obturation Quality of Bioceramic Materials in Filling Artificial Internal Root Resorption Cavities Using Different Obturation Techniques: An In Vitro Comparative Study

IntroductionPathologic conditions such as internal root resorption (IRR) may complicate root canal filling. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the obturation quality by measuring the percentage of obturation volume (POV) in root canals with artificial IRR obturated with different materials and techniques using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MethodsForty single canal extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated to standardize their length to 14 mm. Following instrumentation, the roots were cut horizontally, and artificial IRR cavities were made at the level of 7 mm from the apex. The root halves were joined using cyanoacrylate adhesive. The samples were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 10), and the canals were filled as follows: single-cone technique (SC), bulk-fill Bio-C Sealer (BF), and Bio-C Repair for the coronal and middle third (BCR) + cold lateral condensation technique (CLC) for the apical third and continuous wave compaction technique (CWC). The pre- and postobturation volumes and the POV were measured in the total canal and for the apical, middle, and coronal thirds separately using CBCT and Mimics Medical software. The results were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test, and statistical significance was set at P < .05. ResultsBF group resulted in significantly lower total, coronal, middle and apical POV values compared to SC, BCR + CLC, and CWC groups (P < .05), respectively. Also, at the apical third, the BCR + CLC group showed significantly lower POV than the SC and CWC groups (P < .05), respectively. The intra-group comparison showed that BF and BCR + CLC groups had a significantly lower POV in the apical third compared to the middle third (P < .05). Conversely, the CWC group had a significantly higher apical POV than the middle third (P < .05). ConclusionsThe maximum POV was obtained using the CWC technique, Bio-C Repair, and SC technique with Bio-C Sealer, making their application in IRR more preferable than the BF Bio-C Sealer.

Assessment of the quality of root canal obturation of teeth with destructive forms of periodontitis using Silpex (SEM studies)

AIM. To evaluate the effectiveness of using the material Sealpex with gutta-percha pins using the lateral condensation method for permanent obturation of the root canals of teeth with periapical pathology and pathologically destroyed apical constriction.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The root canals of 94 teeth with destructive forms of periodontitis were filled with Sealpex. Depending on the degree of apical constriction, patients were divided into three groups. Follow-up of patients was carried out for 4 years.RESULTS. Using SEM, in 80% of cases, single micro cracks were detected between the dentin of the root canal wall and the sealer. In the area of wide apical openings, the fit of the material is loose, and it is removed beyond the root apex. The material diffuses into the root dentin. Statistical studies have shown a high percentage of successful treatment of destructive forms of periodontitis with the use of Sealpex.CONCLUSIONS. Endo-sealant extended beyond the apex of the root canal does not mean dense obturation of the apical foramen. The presence of micropores and microcracks in the endosealant can be regarded as evidence of poor sealing of the channel. The use of Sealpex is especially effective when filling teeth of groups, I and II with destructive forms of periodontitis