Objective. To study the epidemiologic profile and determine maternal survival and prognosis in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the Northeast of the country. Methods. Analytical cross-sectional design study that evaluated pregnant women, puerperae, and women in postabortion or ectopic pregnancy admitted to an obstetric ICU in Teresina between May/2016 and May/2017. Results. Of the 11,466 occurrences in the period, 456 women were admitted to the ICU. Among the causes of hospitalization, 80.3% patients were direct obstetric causes, 16.2% indirect and 3.5% non-obstetric. A total of 159 patients met the Near Miss criteria, with statistical significance between presentation of the criteria and mortality (p<0.001; x²=30.974). The mortality rate was 3.5%, all of them being Near Miss cases. There was a statistically significant and direct correlation between survival and number of clinical (p<0.001; rp=0.270), laboratory (p<0.001; rp=0.358) and management (p<0.001; rp=0.465) criteria. It was identified that the higher the number of criteria, the longer the length of hospitalization and worse the prognosis (p<0.001). Conclusion. Women admitted to the ICU for indirect obstetric causes who met maternal Near Miss criteria had longer hospitalization and worse prognosis.