Objective Evaluation System Research Articles

성인학습자의 대학 교육 만족도가 삶의 변화에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze whether the educational satisfaction of adult learners participating in adult learning degree programs in Korean universities affects life changes as a learning outcome. To this end, data from 170 adult learners enrolled in universities in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungnam from September to October 2024 were used, and regression analysis was conducted as a research method. The results of the study showed that, first, adult learners' educational satisfaction with university degree programs was relatively high with an average of 4.09 points (standard deviation .477). Second, educational satisfaction was found to be an influential factor in affecting life changes as a learning outcome, with the effects being in the terms of social life changes, physical domain changes, family life changes, and career and employment changes. Based on these findings, suggestions were made to expand customized university education programs for adult learners, establish a flexible learning environment for adult learners in universities, provide learning counseling and active feedback from faculty,and strengthen career-related education programs., It is also recommended to introduce an objective and fair evaluation system for adult learners’ academic achievements, so that educational satisfaction can be directly linked to learning outcomes.

Information value of latex test for pathogenic burkholderia serological diagnostics using microscopy and video digital recording system

Objective: the purpose of the work is assessment of the possibility of using instrumental assay to record the results of the latex test in the detection of pathogenic burkholderia. Monoclonal based latex agglutination test was prepared according to a previously developed technique. The latex agglutination test results were obtained using a “Nikon Eclipse TE 2000-U HMC/System microscope”, as w ell as the video-digital hardware-software com plex “Expert-lab”. The results of an objective assessment of the latex agglutination test were obtained using statistical analysis. The use of “Nikon Eclipse” microscope for visual accounting of microagglutination increased the sensitivity of the latex test to 1•107 CFU/ml. The “Expert-lab” make arrangements for quantitative assessment of the scanned image of the latex test results, which makes it possible to determine the threshold values for discrimination between positive and negative samples. Objective information about the presence or absence of agglutination is recorded. Numerical values of the latex test intensity between samples and controls are compared using system software. Also we can a possibility to save protocols and images of the study, to archive the obtained data. The use of “Nikon Eclipse TE 2000-U HMC/System” microscope for visual recording of the results and on the “Expert-lab” video digital system for objective evaluation of data when searching for pathogenic burkholderia allow s us to document and to archive the data obtained, to conduct in-laboratory quality control of studies and increase the sensitivity of the latex-agglutination reaction.

Laparoscopic training workshop to assess medical students’ skill acquisition and interest in surgical careers

BackgroundWith its minimally invasive approach, laparoscopic surgery has transformed the medical landscape. As the demand for these procedures escalates, there is a pressing need for adept surgeons trained in laparoscopic techniques. However, current training often falls short of catering to medical school education. This study evaluates the impact of a custom-designed laparoscopic training workshop on medical students’ surgical skills and career aspirations.MethodsThis prospective experimental study was conducted at the E-Da hospital in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Medical students from Taiwanese medical schools undergoing Clerk 5, Clerk 6, and Postgraduate Year 1 and 2 were invited to participate. Medical students (n = 44) underwent an endoscopic skill training workshop consisting of lectures, box training, and live tissue training. The trainees performed multiple tasks before and after training using our objective evaluation system. The primary outcome was assessed before and after training through a questionnaire assessing the influence of training on students’ interest in surgery as a career. The secondary outcome measured improvement in skill acquisition, comparing the task completion time pre- and post-workshop. For the primary outcome, descriptive statistics were used to summarize the questionnaire responses, and paired t-tests were performed to determine significant changes in interest levels post-workshop. For the secondary outcome, paired t-tests were used to compare the time recorded pre- and post-training.ResultsPost-training, participants exhibited significant proficiency gains, with task completion times reducing notably: 97 s (p = 0.0015) for Precision Beads Placement, 88.5 s (p < 0.0001) for Beads Transfer Exercise, 95 s (p < 0.0001) for Precision Balloon Cutting, and 137.8 s (p < 0.0001) for Intracorporeal Suture. The primary outcome showcased an increased mean score from 8.15 pre-workshop to 9.3 post-workshop, indicating a bolstered interest in surgery as a career. Additionally, post-training sentiment analysis underscored a predominant inclination toward surgery among 88% of participants.ConclusionThe custom-designed laparoscopic workshop significantly improved technical skills and positively influenced students’ career aspirations toward surgery. Such hands-on training workshops can play a crucial role in medical education, bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills and potentially shaping the future of budding medical professionals.

Operational Performance Evaluation of Iron and Steel Industry in China under the Background of Digital Transformation – An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis

This paper aims to study the operating performance of iron and steel enterprises under the background of digital transformation, using the DEA-Malmquist model to carry out static and dynamic analysis of the data from 2018 to 2022, which is divided into four parts. Generally speaking, most of the selected companies have good operational performance, but there is still room for improvement. This paper aims to establish a more comprehensive and objective evaluation system that aligns with the actual development of the steel industry, in order to fulfill the operational performance assessment needs of listed steel enterprises within the context of digitalization.

Robotic Rehabilitation in India: A Survey of Attitudes and Perceptions

Abstract Introduction: Robotic rehabilitation is a recent advancement in the field of neurorehabilitation that can benefit patients suffering from traumatic brain injuries, strokes and spinal cord injuries. Despite its availability in India since more than a decade, the number of people who are availing such benefits are a minority of the patient population. Materials and Methods: The aim of the study was to understand the trends and perceptions of people from medical and non-medical professions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the awareness levels and general perceptions about robotics in rehabilitation, across people from healthcare and other fields including rehabilitation physicians from various parts of the country, through an open survey and using an 11-point scoring system for objective evaluation. The research work was conducted as an observational survey-based study. Questions related to awareness levels, self-perceived levels of affordability and effectiveness of robotics in the field of rehabilitation were covered through a questionnaire made by the author, completely masking the personal information of the respondents to ensure anonymity. Results: A total of 145 people from different parts of the country belonging to both healthcare and other fields responded. Scores were assessed out of 10, in all domains. The results show a significant number of people being completely unaware of robotics in the field of rehabilitation, with a low average awareness score of 3.4 out of 10. This trend was also seen amongst medical professionals. Although the reported levels of affordability were low at 3.6, the average scores of perceived effectiveness were high at 5.9. Most people believed financial limitations and lack of awareness and availability as common barriers of implementation of robotic rehabilitation in a country like India. Conclusion: This study shows that despite the availability of advanced resources in major cities in the country, there is a lack of awareness amongst doctors and members from other fields, which may result in potential benefiters not being able to make informed decisions about rehabilitative options. Although doctors of the field of rehabilitation generally had a more positive response, the rest of the members are largely unaware. Improving the availability and accessibility to such advances will help provide equal opportunity of access to clients who could benefit from the same. Upscaling the manufacturing and development of indigenous robots for rehabilitation, amongst other methods may help reduce the expenses on users, thereby improving logistic and financial accessibility and availability.

APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF A SYSTEM OF EVALUATION INDICATORS FOR ANALYSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMERCIALISATION CHAIN

Shorter product lifecycles, new product introductions, increased competition, the emergence of new markets and ever-changing consumer needs are forcing companies to bring new products to market. However, not all innovative solutions are commercially successful. At the same time, there are many systems for assessing the effectiveness of the commercialisation chain that would meet the needs of companies in different sectors. The aim of the work is to systematise evaluation indicators and to develop recommendations that can be useful in forming a system of evaluation indicators for analysing the effectiveness of the commercialisation chain. Currently, there are various approaches to the evaluation of innovation commercialisation. Researchers base them on indicators grouped according to specific criteria with certain weights. The company can choose one of these approaches or develop its own. At the same time, they need to consider the following points. When creating a system of evaluation indicators, it is advisable to use as many indicators as are most relevant to the organisation's objectives. When creating this set of indicators, one should consider different aspects (effects) of commercialisation. It is better to focus on objective indicators (indices); however, in their absence and the need to calculate indicators with different units of measurement, there is a need for their normalisation. When determining the weights of groups and individual indicators, in order to achieve greater objectivity, it is possible to use simultaneously the methods of balancing, weighting and general category weighting. After calculating the integral indicator, it is necessary to check its adequacy using various methods and to compare its value in different scenarios. The data approach to the development of the system of evaluation indicators for the analysis of the effectiveness of the commercialisation chain will contribute to the formation of a sufficiently objective evaluation system that takes into account the various impacts of commercialisation (economic, market, social, environmental, and so forth).

Keyword Pool Generation for Web Text Collecting: A Framework Integrating Sample and Semantic Information

Keyword pools are used as search queries to collect web texts, largely determining the size and coverage of the samples and provide a data base for subsequent text mining. However, how to generate a refined keyword pool with high similarity and some expandability is a challenge. Currently, keyword pools for search queries aimed at collecting web texts either lack an objective generation method and evaluation system, or have a low utilization rate of sample semantic information. Therefore, this paper proposed a keyword generation framework that integrates sample and semantic information to construct a complete and objective keyword pool generation and evaluation system. The framework includes a data phase and a modeling phase, and its core is in the modeling phase, where both feature ranking and model performance are considered. A regression model about a topic vector and word vectors is constructed for the first time based on word embedding, and keyword pools are generated from the perspective of model performance. In addition, two keyword generation methods, Recursive Feature Introduction (RFI) and Recursive Feature Introduction and Elimination (RFIE), are also proposed in this paper. Different feature ranking algorithms, keyword generation methods and regression models are compared in the experiments. The results show that: (1) When using RFI to generate keywords, the regression model using ranked features has better prediction performance than the baseline model, and the number of generated keywords is refiner, and the prediction performance of the regression model using tree-based ranked features is significantly better than that of the one using SHAP-based ranked features. (2) The prediction performance of the regression model using RFI with tree-based ranked features is significantly better than that using Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) with tree-based one. (3) All four regression models using RFI/RFE with SHAP- based/tree-based ranked features have significantly higher average similarity scores and cumulative advantages than the baseline model (the model using RFI with unranked features). (4) Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) using RFI with SHAP-based ranked features has significantly better prediction performance, higher average similarity scores, and cumulative advantages. In conclusion, our framework can generate a keyword pool that is more similar to the topic, and more refined and expandable, which provides certain research ideas for expanding the research sample size while ensuring the coverage of topics in web text collecting.

Use analytic hierarchy and gray relational analysis for the evaluation of oily sludge treatment technology

ABSTRACTThere are many oily sludge treatment technologies with great development prospects, and due to the lack of an objective and scientific technology evaluation system, there have been different opinions and views on the selection of technologies. To address this issue, this paper establishes a multi-criteria decision system based on hierarchical analysis and gray decision-making, discusses the weights of oily sludge treatment technologies in terms of economic benefits, technology, environment and social indicators, and categorizes the relevant impact indicators into target level, criterion level and program level, etc. So as to analyze them qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that in the hierarchical analysis decision system, the order of influence of the weight of each indicator on the research objectives is as follows: technical and environmental impact indicators occupy an absolute advantage for the treatment and disposal of oily sludge, with a weight of 0.5886 for environmental indicators and 0.2074 for technical indicators, whose main impact indicators include the resourceization of oily sludge with a weight of 0.6104 and the pollution degree of soil with a weight of 0.5115. Because X2 shows a high correlation in the evaluation model, the preferred oily sludge and blast furnace slag catalytic pyrolysis treatment, a comprehensive evaluation of oily sludge treatment technologies will help researchers to have a good understanding of the recent developments and future research directions.

Extended TODIM method based on VIKOR for college English teaching quality evaluation with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information

In college education, English is a required course for every college student, and undergraduate colleges have certain requirements for college English proficiency. At the same time, English is directly related to its learning, so improving the quality of college English teaching (CET) is very important. Teaching quality is a key indicator for measuring the effectiveness of English teaching. Learning quality evaluation is a very complex process that involves many factors, such as evaluation indicators, evaluation methods, etc. Therefore, establishing an objective and scientific English quality evaluation system is a challenging issue. The CET quality evaluation is a MAGDM. Then, the TODIM and VIKOR was used to set up MAGDM. The interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) are employed as a tool for depicting uncertain information during the CET quality evaluation. In this study, the entropy and score values are employed to establish the objective weights. Then, an integrated interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy TODIM-VIKOR (IVIF-TODIM-VIKOR) is developed to cope with the MAGDM problem. An illustrative example for CET quality evaluation and some comparative analysis are developed to demonstrate the validity and reliability of IVIF-TODIM-VIKOR method.

화재대응 모의훈련평가시스템 개발에 관한 연구

This study developed a simulated fire response training evaluation system based on the Internet of Things to acquire training participants' initial response skills through realistic and practical fire response training, and continuously improve the response activities of training participants based on a quantitative and objective training evaluation system. With the goal of minimizing the scale of fire damage through rapid and accurate response in the event of an unexpected fire accident by establishing a research process for this purpose, developing a fire response training evaluation system based on the overall technical investigation required for research After the operation test, the evaluation system was installed in the test place, and fire response simulation training was conducted for 20 occupants. Prior to training, the evaluation system smartphone app was used to input the training date and time, and after explaining how to use the evaluation system device to the participants, the training was conducted and the results were analyzed.&#x0D; As a result, the fire response simulation training evaluation system developed in this study can produce the behavior of fire smoke and measure the time required for each response step of training participants through the system device as a quantified value, enabling quantitative training evaluation. was derived.&#x0D; Through this system development and operation experiment, 1) it is possible to implement a fire training situation similar to an actual fire situation using the fire initial response training evaluation system, and 2), it is possible to evaluate fire training quantitatively by response stage, based on the results As a result, future training feedback and continuous improvement activities are possible, and 3) training participants can learn accurate response behaviors, and evaluation can be objectively and quantitatively measured.

Exploring the application of teaching evaluation models incorporating association rules and weighted naive Bayesian algorithms

Teaching evaluation is a judgment of the value of teachers’ teaching and students’ learning, and has become an important part of teaching management and teaching processes in universities. However, the workflow of implementing teaching evaluation is relatively cumbersome, often requiring the completion of a large amount of data calculation tasks. Therefore, how to apply modern science and technology to establish a comprehensive, objective and feasible teaching evaluation system and optimize the evaluation process is an important issue that urgently needs to be solved. The study first uses the Apriori algorithm to explore the correlation between evaluation indicators and results, and then optimizes the teaching evaluation indicators. On this basis, incremental learning is used to improve the classification training ability of the weighted naive Bayesian algorithm, and it is combined with the Apriori algorithm for teaching evaluation. The results show that the fused algorithm takes only 50 seconds to process 500 transactions, and the running speed improves rapidly. As the minimum support threshold decreases, the increase in the time required by the algorithm gradually decreases, resulting in a higher running speed. In the self-built university teaching evaluation database, compared with the BP (Error Back Propagation) algorithm, the combined algorithm has a relatively small fluctuation of accuracy in classifying teaching data, stable at 80 % to 95 %. Meanwhile, in the efficiency comparison, the algorithm requires a slow increase in time as the amount of data increases, resulting in higher efficiency. The application of the algorithm after the fusion of the two in teaching evaluation has not only high accuracy, but also higher efficiency, providing reference technical support for the optimization of university teaching evaluation.

An Objective Evaluation of Cleft Lip Repair Deformities Based on Standardized Photographic Views.

Several assessment systems of the cleft-related facial deformity have been reported in the medical literature. Assessments have been made from direct clinical evaluations, photographs, on-screen digital images, and 3-dimensional imaging. An evaluation method based on standardized photographic views is developed to evaluate the most common postoperative deformities and to detect the responsible factors for occurrence of these deformities and how to avoid them. One hundred forty-five cleft lip cases (105 unilateral and 40 bilateral) were evaluated by using standard sheet and scoring system designed by Operation Smile Inc (Virginia Beach). The scoring system is based on photographic analysis of items including Cupid's bow, nasal symmetry, vermilion contour, white roll continuity, and scar quality. In the unilateral cleft cases, we found 0.4% excellent, 48.57% good, 38% fair, and 2.85% poor cases. For bilateral clef lip cases, we found 27.5% excellent, 47.5% good, 17.5% fair, and 7.5% poor outcomes. The most common postoperative deformities were nasal asymmetry, scar hypertrophy, deformed Cupid's bow, and vermilion contour asymmetry. This objective evaluation system can determine the common cleft lip nasal deformities with detection of the responsible factors. Principles that guide optimum surgical repair have been advocated to avoid the common postoperative deformities. Scar formation is an independent factor that must be managed early and separately to maintain surgical outcomes.

Comparative proteomic analysis of edible bird’s nest from different origins

Edible bird’s nest (EBN) mainly made of saliva that secreted by a variety of swiftlets is a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicine. EBNs from different biological and geographical origins exhibit varieties in morphology, material composition, nutritive value and commercial value. Here, we collected four different EBN samples from Huaiji, China (Grass EBN), Nha Trang, Vietnam (Imperial EBN) and East Kalimantan, Indonesia (White EBN and Feather EBN) respectively, and applied label-free quantitative MS-based proteomics technique to identify its protein composition. First, phylogenetic analysis was performed based on cytb gene to identify its biological origin. Second, a total of 37 proteins of EBNs were identified, among which there were six common proteins that detected in all samples and exhibited relatively higher content. Gene ontology analysis revealed the possible function of EBN proteins, and principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis based on 37 proteins were performed to compare the difference of various EBNs. In summary, our study deciphered the common and characteristic protein components of EBNs of different origins and described their possible functions by GO enrichment analysis, which helps to establish an objective and reliable quality evaluation system.

Measures for waste and by-product recycling and circular economy of whole industry chain of traditional Chinese medicine resources facing carbon peak and carbon neutrality (dual carbon) goals

It has become a common consensus that resource conservation and intensive recycling for improving resource utilization efficiency is an important way to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality(dual carbon). Traditonal Chinese medicine(TCM)resources as national strategic resources are the material basis and fundamental guarantee for the development of TCM industry and health services. However, the rapid growth of China's TCM industry and the continuous expansion and extension of the industrial chain have exposed the low efficiency of TCM resources. Resource waste and environmental pollution caused by the treatment and discharge of TCM waste have emerged as major problems faced by the development of the industry, which has aroused wide concern. Considering the dual carbon goals, this paper expounds the role and potential of TCM resource recycling and circular economy industry development. Taking the typical model of TCM resource recycling as the case of circular economy industry in reducing carbon source and increasing carbon sink, this paper puts forward the suggestions for the TCM circular economy industry serving the double carbon goals. The suggestions mainly include strengthening the policy and strategic leading role of the double carbon goals, building an objective evaluation system of low-carbon emission reduction in the whole industrial chain of TCM resources, building an industrial demonstration park for the recycling of TCM resources, and promoting the establishment of a circular economy system of the whole industrial chain of TCM resources. These measures are expected to guide the green transformation of TCM resource industry from linear economic model to circular economy model, provide support for improving the utilization efficiency and sustainable development of TCM resources, and facilitate the low-carbon and efficient development of TCM resource industry and the achievement of the double carbon goals.

Wearable Thimble-like Device for the Objective Follow-up and Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects more than 1 million people worldwide. Since there is no definitive treatment for the disease, the treatment plan for each patient should be updated regularly according to the current level of the disease. There are standard clinical tests, each with its own scoring scale, used to monitor the deterioration of upper and lower extremity functions of MS patients under the supervision of a neurologist and physiotherapist. However, non-objective scoring based on the opinion of the physiotherapist is open to erroneous assessments and may vary from person to person. In addition, clinical tests do not provide detailed information about the functional impairment of the patient. Unfortunately, an objective evaluation system has not yet been implemented all over the world, and the treatment plan is still determined according to the disease in neurological-based disabilities, such as MS, which is of vital importance. personal assessment. To address the aforementioned problem, the design and experimental evaluation of a wearable thimble-like device that can be substituted for the standard clinical tests to assess the follow-up of MS are presented. The device provides the measurement of high sensitivity and opportunity for objective assessment and allows patients of all ages to use it in any desired place during their treatment phase.

Human Resource Development Oriented Performance Appraisal System in Armed Police Force, Nepal

Human Resource Management (HRM) involves managing and developing the workforce, while Human Resource Development (HRD) optimizes performance, fosters growth, and aligns HR practices with employee needs. Performance Appraisal (PA) is vital for HRD, identifying strengths, development areas, fostering growth, and optimizing organizational performance. The research employed a descriptive design with a sequential explanatory method, gathering quantitative data from 74 and qualitative data from 25 respondentsout of 1741 officers in the Armed Police Force, Nepal (APF). Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine the quantitative data as well as thematic analysis was executed for the qualitative analysis to study the performance appraisal system in the APF focusing on its alignment with HRD principles. The study reveals that the APF has an HRD climate and is oriented towards HRD principles in its performance appraisal system. However, significant improvements are needed to enhance the system's effectiveness and fairness. The study further highlights the importance of the monitoring on performance appraisal process and linking performance appraisal results with other HRD mechanisms for a comprehensive HRD-oriented PA system. The research suggests implementing training for appraisers, improving performance review frequency, and incorporating potential appraisal, adopting a more systematic and objective evaluation system to foster a fair and growth-oriented appraisal environment. These findings have significant applications for enhancing the PA system and promoting HRD within the organization since the study emphasized the importance of a strong monitoring system, regular feedback, and potential appraisal to foster an HRD-oriented appraisal process, ultimately promoting employee growth and organizational development.

Design and Development of an Objective Evaluation System for a Web-Based Simulator for Trauma Management.

Trauma injuries are one of the main leading causes of death in the world. Training with guidelines and protocols is adequate to provide a fast and efficient treatment to patients that suffer a trauma injury. This study aimed to evaluate deviations from a set protocol, a new set of metrics has been proposed and tested in a pilot study. The participants were final-year students from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and first-year medical residents from the Hospital Universitario La Paz. They were asked to train four trauma scenarios with a web-based simulator for 2 weeks. A test was performed pre-training and another one post-training to evaluate the evolution of the treatment to those four trauma scenarios considering a predefined trauma protocol and based on the new set of metrics. The scenarios were pelvic and lower limb traumas in a hospital and in a prehospital setting, which allow them to learn and assess different trauma protocols. The results show that, in general, there is an improvement of the new metrics after training with the simulator. These new metrics provide comprehensive information for both trainers and trainees. For trainers, the evaluation of the simulation is automated and contains all relevant information to assess the performance of the trainee. And for trainees, it provides valuable real-time information that could support the trauma management learning process.

Exploring Evaluation Strategies for the "College English Listening, Speaking, and Viewing" Course in the Era of Big Data

University education is an important stage in everyone’s educational journey, and the curriculum offered in universities is crucial for cultivating talent. Therefore, how to evaluate university courses effectively has become a topic that must be studied in order to improve the quality of teaching. Curriculum quality evaluation is an important aspect of the teaching system for college English courses. Establishing a comprehensive, objective, scientific, and accurate evaluation system is crucial for achieving the teaching goals of college English. With the progress of the times and the development of technology, especially the rapid advancement of digital technology and artificial intelligence, new course content and teaching methods are constantly changing. Correspondingly, the evaluation standards and methods for assessing the suitability of these new content and methods should also be improved. This paper will explore the effectiveness and adaptability of curriculum evaluation for the “College English Listening, Speaking, and Viewing” course in the context of university education and propose feasible teaching strategies based on the evaluation results.

Research on real-time teachers’ facial expression recognition based on YOLOv5 and attention mechanisms

Studying the real-time face expression state of teachers in class was important to build an objective classroom teaching evaluation system based on AI. However, the face-to-face communication in classroom conditions was a real-time process that operated on a millisecond time scale. Therefore, in order to quickly and accurately predict teachers’ facial expressions in real time, this paper proposed an improved YOLOv5 network, which introduced the attention mechanisms into the Backbone model of YOLOv5. In experiments, we investigated the effects of different attention mechanisms on YOLOv5 by adding different attention mechanisms after each CBS module in the CSP1_X structure of the Backbone part, respectively. At the same time, the attention mechanisms were incorporated at different locations of the Focus, CBS, and SPP modules of YOLOv5, respectively, to study the effects of the attention mechanism on different modules. The results showed that the network in which the coordinate attentions were incorporated after each CBS module in the CSP1_X structure obtained the detection time of 25 ms and the accuracy of 77.1% which increased by 3.5% compared with YOLOv5. It outperformed other networks, including Faster-RCNN, R-FCN, ResNext-101, DETR, Swin-Transformer, YOLOv3, and YOLOX. Finally, the real-time teachers’ facial expression recognition system was designed to detect and analyze the teachers’ facial expression distribution with time through camera and the teaching video.

Evaluating Bicycling Environments with Trajectory Data on Shared Bikes: A Case Study of Beijing

A detailed evaluation of the riding environment can help the government master the urban riding environment, identify problematic road sections, and improve riding quality. However, the current evaluation of riding environment is mainly subjective, lacking big data (e.g., shared bicycle trajectory data) as a data-driven objective evaluation system. The emergence of shared bicycle data has provided data support for data-driven riding environment evaluation, but there are few studies using shared bicycle data for riding evaluation at present. First, according to the characteristics of the data and the riding environment, a boxplot method and Bayesian probabilistic network model are used to exclude abnormal data and to match trajectories to road sections. Second, this paper proposes a data-driven evaluation framework based on riding influencing factors. An evaluation framework, which is composed of node-, link-, and block-level evaluation indicators, was constructed, using an evaluation model combining TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors). The evaluation results can identify parking issues, intersection difficulties, and lane occupancy issues on bicycle sections, and visually reflect the riding environment. The significance of this article is to create an objective evaluation system based on a data-driven technology to accurately identify sections and causes of riding quality problems. The research results can be applied in the future to evaluate the cycling environment around the railway stations for bicycle parking planning and determine the foothold for traffic management.