Object Of Research Activity Research Articles

Interdisciplinary Approach to the Analysis of the Dynamics of Legal Consciousness

The article deals with the dynamic aspects of legal consciousness. It is concluded that the traditional definition of legal consciousness as a set of emotions, ideas and feelings about the current and previously valid law was formed on the basis of the dominant materialistic concept as the ideological basis of knowledge in jurisprudence. Its use as a universal method determined the study of certain aspects of legal consciousness as an object of research activity, existing in the form of a reflection of the surrounding (legal) reality. As a result, the definition of legal consciousness in statics was formed, due to the analysis of individual external (materialized) signs of its manifestation (exteriorization). The existing lack of data on the peculiarities of the internal processes of the dynamics of legal consciousness was compelled to compensate for the study of mental processes and their corresponding parameters only on the basis of introspection. The article clearly demonstrates that this approach leads to various kinds of distortions, entailing errors in solving the fundamental problems of defining the phenomenon of legal consciousness, as well as a decrease in the quality of the practice of lawmaking and law enforcement. In order to overcome the gap that has arisen in theoretical and applied research, it is proposed to consider legal consciousness as a subject of scientific knowledge by constructing an integral theoretical scheme of its dynamics (flow) as a complex socio-psychological process. For this, an interdisciplinary approach is applied to the study of the dynamics of legal consciousness, on the basis of which a number of practical data from psychology, sociology, and cybernetics are synthesized. The definition of legal consciousness is formed on the basis of the decomposition of the concept into separate stages of legal consciousness with an analysis of their functional parameters. The main stages of the course of legal consciousness are recognized as the perception of the subject of legal regulation and its mediating legal norms with the formation of separate perceptual images, then – the corresponding perceptual activity with a certain centralization and cognitive processes with a possible result in the form of constructing mental schemes. The key parameters of legal consciousness are the generic-specific connection with consciousness, the absence of discreteness, as well as the specific formally-legally determined intentional orientation, temporality, coherence and tension of legal consciousness due to the subject's readaptation. Moreover, the target orientation, coherence and tension are largely predetermined by the methods and content of legal impact. As examples illustrating the proposed scheme of dynamics of legal consciousness, the phenomena of the so-called deformation of legal consciousness, approaches to the definition of subjectivity and legal personality, structural and substantive aspects of legal capacity and legal capacity, parameters of the subjective side of the offense, problems of professional legal consciousness and a number of other applied issues.

International Symposium on Banda Sea Ecosystem (ISBSE) 2017

ForewordThe Banda Sea was the object of research activities since the 20th century, starting from expeditions carried out during the 1950s. One of the most prominent expeditions ever accomplished in this water was the Snellius Expedition. A joint collaboration between research scientists from Dutch NIOS and the Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI) Ambon Office, this expedition resulted in the publication of three volumes of substantial findings. These findings have helped to shape the knowledge and information of this tropical deep-sea. LIPI scientists published an oceanology atlas in 1999, but not much afterward was done to compile and critically review what has been done fifteen years after.The Center for Deep-Sea Research (PPLD), Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) has held successfully an International Symposium on Banda Sea Ecosystem (ISBSE) 2017 in Balai Kartini Jakarta on October 23rd, 2017. This International Symposium -the first about this particular ecosystem- was designed to carefully review what has been done in the past sixty years, their scientific contribution to the current understanding of this water, and what perspective gained from these research activities for the future management and conservation of its resources. Designed to be a one-day plenary lecture, this event was included in the Conference Series as one of the main activities of Indonesia Science Expo (ISE 2017), within the celebration of LIPI 50th establishment entitled LIPI contribution in building the nation.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INDUKTIF SISWA KELAS VII A SMP N 1 BINANGUN CILACAP

The purpose of the study was to describe the process of inductive learning to enhance the activity and outcomes of learning mathematics for students of class VII A, SMP Negeri 1 Binangun, Cilacap. Type Classroom Action Research (CAR). Subjects were students of class VII A Binangun SMP Negeri 1 Cilacap, involving 33 students. Object of research activity and outcomes of learning mathematics using inductive learning model. The results showed an increase in the activity of the student's learning experience, from the first cycle of the average percentage of the activity of 50,21% in the second cycle becomes 73,37%. Mathematics learning outcomes also increased from an average value of 66,33 at the beginning of the ability of the first cycle to the second cycle of 71,64 and the average is 81,94. Percentage achieving KKM also increased from 51,51% in the prior knowledge, the first cycle to be 66,67% and 87,88% in the second cycle. Thus, teachers are advised to apply inductive learning model, as an alternative learning model to enhance the activity and student learning outcomes.

Quantification of olive pomace availability for biogas production by using a GIS‐based model

AbstractRecently, to obtain biogas from biomass, an innovative system based on both sustainable intensification of crop rotation and use of by‐products was developed. This system derives from BIOGASDONERIGHT concept, which was put forward with the aim of making more sustainable biogas production. Among the by‐products that could be considered for the anaerobic digestion within this new concept, olive pomace (OP) has been the object of research studies aimed at evaluating its possible reuse for energy purpose in terms of economic sustainability. This possibility is of relevant importance to reduce the environmental burden caused by disposal processes of the residues of olive oil industries. However, to the authors’ knowledge, the amount of processed olives in olive‐producing areas, as well as the correct planning of OP use for energy purposes, has not yet been the object of research activities. Therefore, the aim of this research study was to compute the availability of OP, the main waste from the olive oil industry to be disposed of, by following a methodology which included a geographic information system (GIS) based model that allowed the computation of indicators suitable to describe OP potential production within geographical areas. In the first phase of the study, the spatial distribution of the olive‐producing areas in Sicily, a geographical area of the Mediterranean Basin highly representative of olive oil production, was analyzed. Then, a GIS‐based model, previously defined and applied to evaluate the amount of citrus pulp production, was applied to this case study to estimate OP potential production by the computation of a suitable index. The model required information about olive oil industries, which was gathered by performing specific surveys, and included the computation of indicators regarding olive‐producing areas, the amount of olive oil produced, and the amount of OP obtained. In the second phase of this study, the quantification of OP that can be available for biogas production was carried out at a provincial level in an area described by the highest potential of OP production. The total amount of OP available for biogas production corresponded theoretically to 1.9 million Nm3 biogas. This result proved that OP has a high potential to be converted into a resource for renewable energy production, such as biogas. Therefore, it constituted a potential solution to issues related to the environmental burden of OP disposal. Furthermore, the GIS‐based model applied in this case study, by giving the potential production of OP, could contribute to build an information base aimed at improving the sustainability of biogas sector. In this context, by considering the availability and distribution of other agricultural biomasses, the results of this study could be useful for applications in geographical areas where biogas sector is still developing. In fact, the obtained results could help identifying the best location of new biogas plants in terms of optimization of the logistics of biomasses supply. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Strategy-based approach to eco-design: application to an automotive component

The systematic integration of environmental consideration in product development is the object of research activities both in academic and industrial circles. This paper describes how Rieter Automotive is approaching this challenge: a methodological approach to integrate product innovation and strategic vision is presented, as starting point for the development of an assessment tool. An application to a panel for the trunk is also summarised. The results are showing promising opportunities for eco-efficient design of automotive components and validated decision making. This will support engineers during innovation tasks and product development, in order to find eco-efficient solutions by means of user-friendly methods.