Obedience Of Rules Research Articles

Exploring factors associated with riding attitudes of motorcyclists in Vietnam

The riding attitude of motorcyclists is an important key in the investigation and analysis of motorcyclists' behaviors in traffic flow. The main aims of this study are to explore factors associated with the riding attitudes of motorcyclists in Vietnam using a self‐reported questionnaire with Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approaches. This study was conducted from January to March 2019, surveying randomly selected motorcyclists at least the age of 16 years in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. A sample consisting of 716 motorcyclists was used to analyze EFA and CFA. The results presented 11 items that were confirmed to compose the Vietnamese motorcyclists’ riding attitudes. Three factors, including attitude towards traffic flow, attitude towards rule obedience and speeding, and attitude towards fun riding were explored in this study. Besides, the study also showed that there were differences in riding attitudes among groups by age group, education level, riding experience, related to accidents in the last three years, and involvement in near-accidents in the last three years. The results of this study can inform the future study of the risky behaviors of Vietnamese motorcyclists

How do Internal Control Environments Connect to Sustainable Development to Curb Fraud in Brazil?

This paper investigates the connection of internal control environment to sustainable development goals to curb fraud in Brazil. We drew on the interpretivist and constructivist perspectives with discourse analysis. Data corpus consists of interviews of 20 respondents who are external auditors, internal auditors, and employees of the controller’s department of an organization of ecommerce and archival documents. Results did not find any significant relationship between the connection of internal control functions (ICF) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) inasmuch as the connection of ICF to efficiency is tied to policies in compliance with standards, management tone, roles of enforcement, accountability, and adherence and obedience of rules. Triangulating SDG-16 with the dimensions of the control environment, fraud manifests mainly as a result of lack of commitment to integrity and values, as well as ineffectiveness of monitoring functions. This study concludes for the building of effective, accountable and even institutions with the embedding monitoring functions to sustain development goals. Since ex ante literatures examined the conceptual framework in isolation, this study connects it to sustainable development goals. Finally, this study signals an implication in the internal control literature as it clarifies the scientific theories and practical baseline of internal control environment to the policymakers, practitioners, and academia in view of the way forward on the connection of ICF to the SDG in the fight against corporate frauds.

Vehicle Trajectory Prediction Using Generative Adversarial Network With Temporal Logic Syntax Tree Features

In this work, we propose a novel approach for integrating rules into traffic agent trajectory prediction. Consideration of rules is important for understanding how people behave-yet, it cannot be assumed that rules are always followed. To address this challenge, we evaluate different approaches of integrating rules as inductive biases into deep learning-based prediction models. We propose a framework based on generative adversarial networks that uses tools from formal methods, namely signal temporal logic and syntax trees. This allows us to leverage information on rule obedience as features in neural networks and improves prediction accuracy without biasing towards lawful behavior. We evaluate our method on a real-world driving dataset and show improvement in performance over off-the-shelf predictors.

PENGARUH KESESUAIAN KOMPENSASI, PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, DAN KETAATAN ATURAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN KECURANGAN AKUNTANSI (FRAUD)

The purpose of this study is to prove the effect of compensation suitability, internal control, andcompliance with accounting rules for the tendency of accounting fraud (Fraud). The cooperative inKediri District, Tabanan Regency, which already has a legal entity, conducted this research.Triangele Teory and Teory Agency were used in this research. Withdrawal samples from thepopulation using a purposive sampling method with cooperative criteria that made respondents arelegal entities and still active who are aged over 10 years as many as 52 cooperatives. Thecooperative manager and head of the finance department were given a questionnaire in this study.Questionnaires are the method of this research. Multiple linear regression is the analytical toolused. The results show that the suitability of compensation, internal control and rule obedience havea negative effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, this can be proven as follows: (1.) suitabilityof compensation for the significant value of the t test of 0.007 <α = 0.05, tcount of 0.453 andregression coefficient (-0.258), thus H1 is accepted. (2.) Internal control significant value of t testis 0.005 <α = 0.05, tcount is 0.724 and regression coefficient (-0.051), thus H2 is accepted. (3.)obedience of accounting rules significant value of t test is 0.009 <α = 0.05, tcount is 0.096 andregression coefficient (-0.042), thus H3 is accepted.

Meninjau Aspek Pencegahan Fraud: Studi Kasus di KPP Pratama Sukabumi

The purpose of this study is to determine fraud prevention factors in KPP Pratama Sukabumi Regency. The factors studied are individual morality, rule obedience, compensation, and the whistleblowing system. The population in this study are KPP Pratama employees of Sukabumi Regency, West Java, with a sample of 30 employees who were selected by purposive sampling and who received delegations for the inspection section, billing section, extensification section, and supervision section. The research model used is quantitative research model and data collection using questionnaires. The research method used is quantitative research with data collection using a questionnaire. The results showed that individual morality and rule obedience influence fraud prevention. Whereas compensation and whistleblowing systems do not affect fraud prevention. The implication of this research is important for the Tax Office to find out the factors that affect fraud prevention so that there are no acts of fraud committed by Tax Office employees who are prone to fraud.

Rule obedience as a mediator between normlessness and risky driving in hazy conditions

ObjectiveWith the increasing severity of haze and its detrimental effect on public health and visibility, hazy conditions has become a popular subject among the public and scholars. However, little is known about how haze affects risky driving behaviors and the role of normlessness. The present study examined this issue with a repeated within-subjects design. MethodsA total of 100 drivers completed two almost identical questionnaires in different weather conditions (clear and hazy) at an interval of at least two weeks. Respondents’ personality traits (normlessness), risky driving behaviors (ordinary violations, aggressive violations, errors and lapses), and degrees of rule obedience were assessed. A mediation analysis with bootstrapping was conducted to identify the direct and indirect effects of normlessness related to hazy conditions and risky driving behaviors. ResultsRespondents reported more aggressive violations, ordinary violations, errors, lapses, and total risky driving behaviors as well as a lower level of rule obedience in hazy conditions than in clear conditions. Normlessness significantly predicted ordinary violations, errors and total risky driving behaviors through rule obedience; that is, rule obedience fully mediated the association between normlessness and ordinary violations, errors and total risky driving behaviors. However, normlessness was not associated with any effect on aggressive violations and lapses. Compared with accident-free respondents, accident-involved respondents were less likely to comply with traffic rules. ConclusionsConsistent with previous studies, the results indicated the importance of normlessness in predicting risky driving behaviors and highlighted the importance of rule obedience in the association between normlessness and risky driving behaviors in hazy conditions.

KAJIAN FILSAFAT ILMU DAN FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN TENTANG RELATIVISME KULTURAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT MORAL

<div style="text-align: JUSTIFY;"><p>Pedagogics as the mainstream in edication, requires practical notions generated from phylosophy so that the contents can fulfil conceptual and functional substances. Phylosophy proposes questions and search for reality and experience which are usually found in educational practice. Phylosophy and education are interrelated, where problems of education and those of phylosophy belong to the same area. The development of conceptual frameworks is spawned by phylosophy. Educational phylosophy bears schools as naturalism, idealism, realism, pragmatism, progressivism, esentialism and perenialism. Morality has become a set of rules of the way people mutually need the others, rationally receive for the sake of mutual benefits in the obedience of the rules. The most crucial problem of social contract is the mutual trust against others,obedience of rules, except in a very specific condition.</p></div>

Motivation Forms Regarding the Pro-Social Behaviour of the Teenagers at School.

Teenagers are considered a vulnerable group, not only due to the characteristics of their age, but also due to the high risk of their involvement in asocial behavior, as a result of many social problems, duality of values, confusion regarding decision-making at an early age, the absence of positive models to follow, not only at school, in the community, but also within their family. In the Albanian reality particularly, the building of self-esteem is not the only influencing element, in the formation of the concept on oneself, and the concept of personality, but also the frustration of a society, that has gone through a long period of transition, the aftermath of a dictatorship. On these grounds, the motivation forms of positive behavior have been influenced by the family authority, rule obedience as an escape from punishment, and not as a result of awareness, reward, and proper methods of teaching in schools. The aim of this work is to explore the motivation forms of the pro-social behavior, for the purpose of avoiding asocial behavior of teenagers in schools, via the effective communication, positive models, constructive teaching methods, proper parenting styles, socializing processes, removal of attention from asocial behavior and the providing of proper models to follow. The method used in this work will be the mixed research (qualitative and quantitative). Part of this study will be teenagers aged 15-17 years old (boys and girls) of a high school in the city of Kavaja (Albania) through filling out half structured questionnaires . We have interviewed also professional teachers, parents, social workers and psychologists, in order to provide a clear panorama of this context, by analyzing with existing cases and well determined intervention that bring forth a strengthening of positive behaviors and avoidance of asocial behaviors in teenagers. The findings of this study are closely related with the importance of any form of motivation in schools, in the teacher-teenager relationship, cooperation between their peers, the parent-teenager relationship in the implementation of the resulting positive attitude, through teaching a system of values and anti-values, the psycho-social motivating intervention during the teaching process that will be widely analyzed and that open many paths for further studies. Key words: teenager, pro-social behavior, motivation, teacher, psycho-educational intervention, communication, parent, socialization.

The impact of physical activity and obedience of ergonomic rules on level of pain intensity reported by office staff

Abstract Introduction: This paper examines office staff’s knowledge and obedience of rules of computer workstation ergonomics and assesses how physical activity and obedience of ergonomic rules affect the level of pain intensity reported by office staff included in the study. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 136 persons (94 female and 42 male) aged between 20 and 46 (average 44,5±12,6 years) working on computer workstations. Results. Approximately 50% of the study group were spending their free time actively (72 persons, 52,9%). Preferred forms of activity were as follows: walking (72,1%), cycling (58,1%) and physical exercise (26,5%). Results: It was found that higher rates of physical activity significantly reduced the intensity of the pain resulting from computer work. On the contrary, a statistically significant number of people occasionally involved in physical activity more often suffered the following symptoms: pain in the shoulders (p=0,0224), hips (p=0,0036) and feet (p=0,0458), and tingling and sensory loss in lower extremities (p<0,0001). It was found that study group members regularly involved in physical activity less often suffered from the pain in the shoulders (22,9% vs 50,0%,), hips (14,3% vs 44,7%,) and feet (17,1% vs 31,6%), and tingling and sensory loss in lower extremities (2,9% vs 36,8%) when compared to the group with occasional physical activity. Statistically significant lower incidence of pain was observed in the study group members conforming to the rules of ergonomics at work as exemplified through the following symptoms: increased muscle tension in the shoulder areas (38,5% vs 61,8%, p=0,0303), pain in the upper parts of the spine (26,9% vs 50,9%, p=0,0274), eye pain, tearing and burning sensation (57,7% vs 80,0%, p=0,0170). Conclusions: 1. Only a small number of study group members complied with ergonomic rules at work. 2 It was observed that physical activity has a positive effect on pain reduction. 3. Adherence to ergonomic rules at work has a significant influence on reduction of pain intensity in examined groups.

When norms turn perverse: Contextual irrationality vs. rational traffic violations

A perfectly adequate traffic rule can turn “perverse” in situations when it does little to enhance road safety but seems – at least in the drivers’ minds – directed primarily at punishing those who violate it. This study examined traffic rule obedience in situations in which the rule was not in accordance with real safety needs. Six rules with major impact on road safety were analyzed: waiting at red traffic lights, legal overtaking, obeying the 50 km/h speed limit, wearing seatbelts, legal stopping/parking, and driving the car in good technical condition. Participants evaluated how adequate these rules are for safety. Then they were faced with six scenarios, that made each of these rules appear irrational, and were asked to report their potential engagement in deviant behavior. The survey data were collected in a sample of 605 drivers. Multiple regression analyses showed that in most situations rule violation depended on the usual deviant behavior, perceived irrationality of the rule, little respect for the law and low risk perception. These factors best explained the 50 km/h speed limit violation. The results suggest that the lack of situational risk factors, which makes the rule look meaningless, is important determinant of rule violation. Implications for massive disobedience and road safety are discussed.

A model for explanation of personal attitudes toward traffic of candidate drivers attending drivers’ courses: Risky candidate driver’s attitude model

Abstract There exist a good many scientific studies into risk-taking and risky behavior displayed by reckless drivers; however, there are only a few studies into attitudes towards the traffic displayed by candidate drivers. The present study aims to investigate the dimensionality of candidate attitudes’ drivers. Data were collected from questionnaire completed by 258 candidate drivers, and were divided into two sets. The first data was used to explore the underlying factor structure and five latent factors were derived; Factor A Attitude towards drinking and driving; Factor P positive attitude toward traffic; Factor S speeding; Factor T traffic flow vs. rule obedience; and Factor R risky candidate driver’s attitude. The second data set was used to confirm this factorial structure using confirmatory factor analysis. The fit indices showed that the model fitted the data well.

Short-Term Effects of Prosocial Television Viewing on Play of Preschool Boys and Girls

A field observational experiment was performed to assess the impact of prosocial television on the free play of preschool children over a 4-day period. Analysis of the data indicated that boys were significantly more aggressive than girls and that exposure to prosocial television had a strong short-term effect on both boys and girls in reducing three classes of aggressive behavior. A corresponding increase in prosocial behavior and rule obedience was not associated with exposure to prosocial television.