Nutritional Intervention In Patients Research Articles

Efficacy of nutritional interventions in patients with hypopharyngeal‑laryngeal and esophageal cancers treated with radiotherapy

Efficacy of nutritional interventions in patients with hypopharyngeal‑laryngeal and esophageal cancers treated with radiotherapy

Graded nutritional interventions in patients with dysphagia after stroke: an assessment of the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies for different swallowing functions

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of graded nutrition intervention strategy in improving patients with different degrees of impaired swallowing function after stroke. Methods According to the way of nursing, the patients were divided into two group. The main outcome measure was Kota swallowing index (WSI) score, and the secondary outcome was complications during the intervention. SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the improvement of quality of life before and intervention. Results The WSI score in the control group was 62.34 ± 10.23 at 1 week after treatment, 70.52 ± 13.45 at 6 weeks after treatment, and 80.48 ± 9.87 at 12 weeks after treatment, while that in the intervention group was 71.45 ± 9.68 at 1 week after treatment, 75.81 ± 11.78 at 6 weeks after treatment, and 84.12 ± 14.32 at 12 weeks after treatment. The WSI scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t = 5.634, p < 0.001), suggesting better swallowing function of the patients The incidence of pulmonary infection, malnutrition and gastroesophageal reflux in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in throat inflammation and dehydration between the two groups (p > 0.05). In addition, graded nutrition interventions significantly improved patients’ quality of life, including dimensions of physical functioning, role physics, physical pain, and social functioning. Conclusion Compared with conventional treatment, personalized graded nutrition intervention can significantly improve the swallowing function and reduce the pulmonary infection rate in patients with swallowing disorders after stroke.

Influence of individualized dietary adaptation in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The ADITRAS study

Introduction: the objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of an individualized dietary adaptation to achieve nutritional requirements in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methodology: a pilot study of a nutritional intervention in patients undergoing HSCT. A nutritional assessment was performed the first 24 hours of admission and every 48-72 hours until discharge, or + 40 days after the transplant, making dietary adaptations. Results: 25 patients were recruited. According to MUST, 92.0 % (n = 23) were well nourished at the initial visit, with a loss of 2.1 (3.8) kg and a BMI of 26.4 kg/m2 (4.2). Before HSCT, there was already a decrease in intake of 15.4 (23.5) % and in body weight of 0.2 (3.2) kg; after the HSCT, the weight loss was 3.4 (5.0) kg and the decrease in intake was 6.5 (30.4) %. The predominant symptoms were mucositis (60 %), nausea (60 %), and diarrhea (44 %). The diet was adapted in 100 % of the patients, 52 % received oral nutritional support (ONS) (n = 13); enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) were used only once. Conclusion: the nutritional status of patients undergoing HSCT is normal on admission but deteriorates during transplantation and prior conditioning. Dietary intervention is key to maintaining oral intake and reducing the risk of malnutrition.

Healthcare professionals' knowledge of and compliance with the ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines for the diagnosis and management of cancer cachexia (CC): the ASSIST-CC baseline findings in Uganda.

More than 50% of people with advanced cancer suffer from cancer-related cachexia (CC) - a major contributor to morbidity and mortality. Despite the lack of local guidelines on CC diagnosis and management in Uganda, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) developed guidelines on CC screening and management. However, the level of knowledge on CC and compliance with the available guidelines among Ugandan oncology health professionals is unknown. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of CC diagnosis and management and compliance with the ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines on CC among healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in the care of cancer patients. In this phase one, a self-administered structured questionnaire developed using the ASCO/ESMO and GLIM guidelines on diagnosis and management of CC was used to assess the level of awareness, and knowledge of 200 health professionals from three hospital settings on CC, and compliance with the ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines on CC related core communication, barriers to communication, clinician training in communication, discussing goals of care, treatment options and meeting the needs of the underserved populations. The data were entered into Research Electronic Data Capture software analysed using STATA version 18.0 software. The overall objectively correct knowledge score of CC diagnosis criteria was 67.5% (n = 135), yet there was a much lower level of awareness about ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines on CC at 30% (n = 60) and only 21% (n = 42) of the HCPs have ever assessed Quality of life of CC patients. The compliance with ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines on nutritional interventions for patients with CC varied across the variables markedly, ranging from 25.1% (n = 50) to 81% (n = 162) for the specific ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines' recommendations. Whereas compliance with the guidelines on discussing goals of care, prognosis, treatment options and end-of-life care scored the highest in most variables, most HCPs exhibited low compliance with the discussion about patients' end-of-life preferences early in the course of incurable illness (49.8%, n = 99). There were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of only two variables among the three hospitals in compliance with ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines on the provision. This study indicated that the overall objectively correct knowledge of CC diagnosis criteria was inadequate, with a much lower level of awareness about the ASCO/ESMO/GLIM guidelines on CC and a handful of the HCPs have ever assessed the quality of life of CC patients. Quality improvement interventions on CC diagnosis and management should prioritize improving the level of knowledge on CC, diagnostic criteria and patient-clinician communication, including discussion about patients' end-of-life care using standardised tools such as ASCO/ESMO or GLIM guidelines on CC using a multidisciplinary team approach.

The effect of oral dietary interventions on nutritional status and treatment tolerance in patients with hematologic neoplasms receiving chemotherapy: a systematic review.

Adverse events from chemotherapy treatment affect food intake, nutritional status, and treatment tolerance in cancer patients. However, the effect of nutritional intervention in patients with hematologic neoplasms receiving chemotherapy remains unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence on nutritional interventions on nutritional status, treatment tolerance, inflammatory markers, quality of life, and mortality in patients with hematologic neoplasms receiving chemotherapy. The MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, ICTRP, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched. Additional literature and the bibliographies of identified articles were also considered. Randomized controlled trials in individuals with hematologic neoplasms receiving chemotherapy along with nutritional counseling and oral nutritional supplementation, and intake of supplementary food products, alone or in combination, were assessed as criteria of interest. The data were extracted independently by 2 researchers. The risk of bias was assessed through the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2). Ten studies were included up to August 15, 2022 (updated in November of 2022). With regard to the outcomes, 4 studies assessed nutritional status and 2 studies showed a positive result of the intervention on some of the markers. Seven studies assessed certain markers of treatment tolerance and only 2 studies showed improvement in the outcome after the intervention. The studies that found positive results are quite different from each other in terms of intervention, study time, and design. More randomized controlled trials are needed to test different dietary interventions using placebo and blinding, when possible, and with reduced sample variability in individuals with hematologic neoplasms receiving chemotherapy. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020196765.

Nutritional intervention in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT): An observational study

Nutritional intervention in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT): An observational study

ThTP5.12 Assessment of malnutrition and nutritional interventions in patients presenting with acute small bowel obstruction – are we ‘getting it right first time’?

Abstract Aims High levels of morbidity and mortality are associated with small bowel obstruction (SBO), a common general surgical emergency. Assessment of malnutrition and introduction of early nutritional interventions are of paramount importance in the management algorithm of these patients. We audited our practice of managing acute small bowel obstruction at a busy district general hospital comparing our practice against National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction (NASBO) recommendations. Methods Data were gathered for all patients presenting with bowel obstruction to our Trust between 01/08/2022 and 30/11/2022. In depth review of patient case records was undertaken using electronic patient record systems (e-Track and Evolve). Results 195 patients were admitted with acute bowel obstruction. 68 patients (35%) had acute SBO (M: F; 34:34). 58 (85%) had no documentation of duration for which they had been ‘nil by mouth’ (NBM) prior to hospitalisation. Malnutrition universal screening tool score (MUST score) was completed in 29 (43%) patients. 59% of patients had an emergency computed tomography (CT) which confirmed diagnosis of SBO. 60% of patients were managed non-operatively. On an average, patients were kept ‘NBM’ for two days (range; 1-16 days). Average waiting time for peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) was 9.6 days. Conclusions Evaluating our practice of managing patients with acute SBO has highlighted multiple areas for improvement to ‘get it right first time’. We have included stakeholders; nursing staff, dieticians, surgeons, junior doctors and vascular access team to implement action plan to optimise management in this cohort of patients in line with NASBO guidelines.

Evaluation of Nutritional Status and the Impact of Nutritional Treatment in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer.

Patients with pancreatic cancer who develop irreversible cancer cachexia have a life expectancy of less than 3 months. Therefore, it is extremely important to evaluate the patient's nutritional status as early as possible and to implement an appropriate nutritional intervention in order to reduce the risk of further weight loss and/or muscle loss, which affect the outcomes of cancer treatment and the correct nutritional treatment in patients with pancreatic cancer. A literature review was performed by using the PubMed and Cochrane quick search methodology. The main purpose of this review was to present the current approach to nutritional treatment in pancreatic cancer. The review included publications, most of which concerned clinical nutrition as part of the phase of treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer, nutritional and metabolic disorders in pancreatic cancer, and the period after pancreatic resection. Some of the publications concerned various nutritional interventions in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing chemotherapy or surgical treatment (nutritional support before surgery, after surgery, or during palliative treatment). There is an unmet need for integrated nutritional therapy as a key part of the comprehensive care process for PC patients. Nutritional counseling is the first line of nutritional treatment for malnourished cancer patients, but pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy also constitutes the cornerstone of nutritional treatment for relieving symptoms of indigestion and maintaining or improving nutritional status.

Nutritional interventions in patients with graft-versus-host.

This review aims to highlight the benefits of nutrition before and during graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and the promising precision medicine approach that should be offered to prevent and mitigate GvHD. The intestinal damage induced by preconditioning/conditioning chemotherapies is the main trigger of GvHD. Impaired nutritional status and decreased plasma citrulline level, which is the most sensitive biomarker of intestinal barrier health, predict the occurrence of acute GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Optimal oral and/or enteral nutrition and a lack of vitamin D deficiency limit this intestinal damage. As intestinal dysbiosis plays an important role in GvHD, probiotics and prebiotics supplementation could be a promising therapy. Diverting enterostomy combined with parenteral nutrition saves the lives of patients with severe steroid-refractory gastrointestinal GvHD. Regardless of age, healthy nutritional status and a healthy gut barrier are protective factors against GvHD in patients undergoing allo-HCT, and above all, these are closely dependent on adequate oral and/or enteral intake. Therefore, maintaining gut barrier integrity through adequate oral nutrition before allo-SCT and early first-line enteral nutrition after allo-HCT are of critical importance, not forgetting vitamin D supplementation. In the future, probiotics and prebiotics are expected to play a growing role for replenishing the commensal microbiota given the impact of gut dysbiosis on GvHD. Parenteral nutrition remains the only nutritional support that can be used in the event of severe gastrointestinal GvHD.

Why Wait Until After Surgery? The Case for Pre-habilitation in Head and Neck Cancer Care.

The LaryngoscopeEarly View Triological Society Best Practice Why Wait Until After Surgery? The Case for Pre-habilitation in Head and Neck Cancer Care Marna A. List MD, Marna A. List MD orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-7496 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorJason P. Calligas MD, Jason P. Calligas MD Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorJohn Pang MD, John Pang MD orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-6711 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorAmeya A. Asarkar MD, FACS, Ameya A. Asarkar MD, FACS Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorCherie-Ann O. Nathan MD, FACS, Corresponding Author Cherie-Ann O. Nathan MD, FACS [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-7386-318X Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA Ochsner LSU Health- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA Send correspondence to Cherie-Ann O. Nathan, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport. 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Marna A. List MD, Marna A. List MD orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-7496 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorJason P. Calligas MD, Jason P. Calligas MD Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorJohn Pang MD, John Pang MD orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-6711 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorAmeya A. Asarkar MD, FACS, Ameya A. Asarkar MD, FACS Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USASearch for more papers by this authorCherie-Ann O. Nathan MD, FACS, Corresponding Author Cherie-Ann O. Nathan MD, FACS [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-7386-318X Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA Ochsner LSU Health- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA Send correspondence to Cherie-Ann O. Nathan, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport. 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 19 June 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.30827 Editor's Note: This Manuscript was accepted for publication on June 05, 2023. The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1Barberan-Garcia A, Ubré M, Roca J, et al. Personalised prehabilitation in high-risk patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery: a randomized blinded controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2018; 267(1): 50- 56. 2Steegmann J, Bartella AK, Kloss-Brandstätter A, Kamal M, Hölzle F, Lethaus B. A randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of a patient-adapted autonomous exercise regime for patients with head and neck cancer. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2020; 48(3): 187- 192. 3Zhang B, Najarali Z, Ruo L, et al. Effect of perioperative nutritional supplementation on postoperative complications—systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2019; 23: 1682- 1693. 4Gillis C, Fenton TR, Sajobi TT, et al. Trimodal prehabilitation for colorectal surgery attenuates post-surgical losses in lean body mass: a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr. 2018; 38: 1053- 1060. 5Nett H, Steegmann J, Tollkühn-Prott B, Hölzle F, Modabber A. A prospective randomized comparative trial evaluating postoperative nutritional intervention in patients with oral cancer. Sci Rep. 2022; 12:14213. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue ReferencesRelatedInformation

Nutritional Intervention in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Nutritional Intervention in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Prognostic Value of Regular Nutritional Treatment in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Malnutrition adversely affects the prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of regular nutrition treatment and follow-up in clinical nutrition outpatient clinic (CNOC) on survival in ALS patients. The study included 55 ALS patients who were admitted and followed up in CNOC. Malnutrition was diagnosed using ESPEN criteria and nutrition treatment was planned according to needs of each patient. Nutritional status was followed up by body mass index (BMI), bioelectrical impedence analysis, and serum albumin. During the follow-up, survivors and nonsurvivors were compared according to their nutrition treatment success and changes in the anthropometric and laboratory measurements. Body weight, BMI, and fat free mass were decreased during the follow-up in both survivors and nonsurvivors (P<0.01). The decrease in the serum albumin and BMI were significantly higher in nonsurvivors (P<0.01). Mortality rate was lower in those with higher adherence to nutrition treatment (P<0.01) and patients with lower adherence to nutrition treatment showed more significant decrease in serum albumin levels (P<0.01). A personalized nutrition treatment combined with increased nutritional adherence in CNOC can decrease mortality in ALS patients.

An Update on Tamoxifen and the Chemo-Preventive Potential of Vitamin E in Breast Cancer Management.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female cancer in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is a widely prescribed, oral anti-estrogen drug for the hormonal treatment of estrogen-receptor-positive BC, which represents 70% of all BC subtypes. This review assesses the current knowledge on the molecular pharmacology of tamoxifen in terms of its anticancer and chemo-preventive actions. Due to the importance of vitamin E compounds, which are widely taken as a supplementary dietary component, the review focuses only on the potential importance of vitamin E in BC chemo-prevention. The chemo-preventive and onco-protective effects of tamoxifen combined with the potential effects of vitamin E can alter the anticancer actions of tamoxifen. Therefore, methods involving an individually designed, nutritional intervention for patients with BC warrant further consideration. These data are of great importance for tamoxifen chemo-prevention strategies in future epidemiological studies.

Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial

AimThe metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics.MethodForty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention.ResultsMIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds.ConclusionWe demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.

The Impact of Medical Nutrition Intervention on the Management of Hyperphosphatemia in Hemodialysis Patients with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Series

The treatment and interdisciplinary management of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) continue to improve long-term outcomes. The medical nutrition intervention's role is to establish a healthy diet plan for kidney protection, reach blood pressure and blood glucose goals, and prevent or delay health problems caused by kidney disease. Our study aims to report the effects of medical nutrition therapy-substituting foods rich in phosphorus-containing additives with ones low in phosphates content on phosphatemia and phosphate binders drug prescription in stage 5 CKD patients with hemodialysis. Thus, 18 adults with high phosphatemia levels (over 5.5 mg/dL) were monitored at a single center. Everyone received standard personalized diets to replace processed foods with phosphorus additives according to their comorbidities and treatment with prosphate binder drugs. Clinical laboratory data, including dialysis protocol, calcemia, and phosphatemia, were evaluated at the beginning of the study, after 30 and 60 days. A food survey was assessed at baseline and after 60 days. The results did not show significant differences between serum phosphate levels between the first and second measurements; thus, the phosphate binders' initial doses did not change. After 2 months, phosphate levels decreased considerably (from 7.322 mg/dL to 5.368 mg/dL); therefore, phosphate binder doses were diminished. In conclusion, medical nutrition intervention in patients with hemodialysis significantly reduced serum phosphate concentrations after 60 days. Restricting the intake of processed foods containing phosphorus additives-in particularized diets adapted to each patient's comorbidities-and receiving phosphate binders represented substantial steps to decrease phosphatemia levels. The best results were significantly associated with life expectancy; at the same time, they showed a negative correlation with the dialysis period and participants' age.

Association of Thoracic Skeletal Muscle Index with Clinical Outcome and Response to Nutritional Interventions in Patients at Risk of Malnutrition-Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial.

Measurement of skeletal muscle index (SMI) in computed tomography has been suggested to improve the objective assessment of muscle mass. While most studies have focused on lumbar vertebrae, we examine the association of SMI at the thoracic level with nutritional and clinical outcomes and response to nutritional intervention. We conducted a secondary analysis of EFFORT, a Swiss-wide, multicenter, randomized trial. We investigated the association of low SMI at the 12th thoracic vertebra (T12) with adverse outcome within 30 days after hospital admission (primary endpoint). 663 of 2028 patients from the EFFORT trial had available CT scans for T12, and 519 among them also had available L3 scans. Mean SMI at T12 was 22.4 ± 5.8 cm2/m2 and 19.6 ± 5.5 cm2/m2 in male and female patients, respectively, and correlated well with nutritional parameters, including nutritional risk based on NRS 2002 (adjusted coefficient -0.63, 95%CI -1.25 to -0.01, p = 0.047), BMI (adjusted coefficient 0.74, 95%CI 0.66 to 0.82, p < 0.001) and handgrip strength (adjusted coefficient 0.15, 95%CI 0.11 to 0.2, p < 0.001). In multivariate regression analyses, low SMI was not a significant predictor for either clinical outcome or for treatment response. Results for SMI measured at L3 were similar, with only little prognostic value. Within medical patients at risk for malnutrition, SMI at thoracic vertebra provided low prognostic information regarding clinical outcomes and nutritional treatment response.

Depression related to adherence to nutritional treatment in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Depression is closely related to current diseases, one of them, Diabetes Mellitus (DM); likewise, misinformation leads the patient not to adhere to a nutritional treatment; In this article, two important variables will be studied for the patient, the health personnel and to grant a successful nutritional intervention. The objective of the article is to analyze the relationship between depression and adherence to nutritional treatment in patients with type 2 DM. A detailed investigation of scientific articles was carried out on Internet pages such as PubMed, Redalyc, Google Scholar, Scielo and Elsevier; collected from 2016 to 2021, with the variables anxiety, depression, adherence to nutritional treatment and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A moderate and significant inverse relationship was found between perceived social support and trait anxiety (rho=-.173**; p&lt;0.05). In addition, a highly significant relationship was found between perceived social support and adherence to treatment (rho=,224**; p&lt;0.05).; In addition, in the year 2020 by Rondón, J and Angelucci, L. it was verified that the proposed model obtained an adequate goodness of fit: Chi2 of 68.51; p &lt; 0.05 GFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.08; AGFI = 0.91; PNFI = 0.47; and CFI = 0.74, in which no relationship was found between adherence and depression. However, the constructor of adherence to treatment showed validity problems, for which reason it was modified and a new model was proposed, obtaining better measures of goodness of fit. Thus, a negative relationship between the constructs was obtained, that is, the greater the adherence, the less depression. Mental health has been affected by stress, the relationship with others, time, tension, negative emotions, lack of progress or the appearance of communications, leading the patient to feel anxiety and depression; and with this, the prevalence of diseases has triggered fears about what is expected in the future, the treatment and the results in each patient.

Fast Mimicking Diets and Other Innovative Nutritional Interventions to Treat Patients with Breast Cancer.

The impact of nutritional patterns on the risk of breast cancer (BC) is well investigated in the oncology literature, including the type of diets and caloric intake. While obesity and elevated body mass index are well-reported critical risk factors of BC occurrence, there is an expanding area of oncology assessing the impact of caloric intake and nutritional patterns in patients with cancer. Caloric restriction and fast mimicking alimentary regimens have been consistently reported to improve survival outcomes based on preclinical models. Moreover, emerging clinical evidence has paved the way for new metabolic approaches for the treatment of BC, in addition to the established therapeutic arsenal or as alternative options. In this chapter, our aim is to discuss the principal strategies of metabolic manipulation through nutritional interventions for patients with BC as an innovative area of cancer therapy.

The Effects of Nutrition Intervention on Postoperative Patients with Tongue Cancer and Floor of Mouth Cancer.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of intensive nutrition support on patients with tongue cancer and floor of mouth cancer after surgery at K Hospital, Tan Trieu campus. Study the clinical intervention with a control group. We conducted the intensive nutrition intervention for our patients by giving counseling materials, sample menu and nutritional supplements, while the control group had only advice about dietary regimens. We evaluated a group before and after the intervention, at the same time compare the two groups before and after the intervention. After 1 mo, the intervention group increased 0.51±1.43 kg in comparison with their weight at the beginning; the weight of the control group lost -0.59±2.33 kg; the difference had statistical significance (p=0.025). After 1 and 2 mo of intervention, the rates of the participants without risk of malnutrition in the intervention group increased significantly in comparison with that in the control group; the difference has statistical significance with p=0.001 and p=0.003. In terms of quality of life, patients' problems related to areas including health status, functioning, symptoms of the intervention group improved more greatly than those of the control group. Especially, anorexia symptoms and financial impact were improved well in the intervention group (p=0.033, p=0.018). Nutrition intervention in patients with tongue cancer and floor of mouth cancer has shown a beneficial effect of nutrition counseling and intervention to improve patients' status in terms of nutrition and their quality of life.

Exercise and Nutritional Interventions in Patients with Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review.

The quality of life and survival of patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer can be improved. Positive effects of exercise and nutritional interventions on quality of life and potential effects on cancer outcomes are found in gastroesophageal cancer in the curative setting, as well as in other cancer types. We therefore systematically reviewed the current literature on the effect of exercise and nutritional interventions on various outcomes in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer. We searched on the 11th of June 2021 in Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane library for publications of randomized trials and observational studies on exercise and nutritional interventions (either combined or as separate intervention) in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer. The outcomes of interest were overall survival, progression free survival, quality of life, chemotherapy toxicity, and chemotherapy adherence. We screened 1,764 records for eligibility and included one study in our analysis. The other 1,763 were excluded for various reasons, most frequently an incorrect study population (e.g. both curable and incurable patients) or an incorrect intervention. One retrospective cohort study of 40 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received first line chemotherapy was included. It was stated that 'no significant differences in terms of overall and progression free survival were reported between the two groups of patients.' No absolute numbers were provided. Our systematic review did not identify any high quality studies on exercise and nutritional interventions in advanced gastroesophageal cancer. We deem a randomized clinical trial on this topic to be highly needed.