Nursing Interventions For Prevention Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Perioperative Nursing Interventions for Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Orthopedic Surgery.

The Effectiveness of Perioperative Nursing Interventions for Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Orthopedic Surgery.

Outcome of preventive nursing intervention, prophylactic anticoagulation and the use of the Caprini score on venous thromboembolism after varicose vein surgery.

This research was devoted to estimate the outcome of preventive nursing intervention on venous thromboembolism (VTE) after varicose vein surgery in lower extremities. A total of 516 subjects with varicose veins of lower extremities (from January 2020 to January 2022) treated in our hospital were separated into observation subgroup (n = 258) and control subgroup (n = 258) at random. The conventional nursing intervention was applied in the control subgroup, preventive nursing intervention, prophylactic anticoagulation and the use of Caprini score was applied in the observation subgroup. The levels of blood indexes [hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT) and D-dimer (D-D)] were compared between the two subgroups before operation and 7 days postoperative, the occurrence of subcutaneous congestion, lower limb swelling and pain, VTE and nursing satisfaction of the subject 4 (four) weeks after discharge. After intervention, the levels of PLT and D-D in the observation subgroup were notably lower than those in the control subgroup. Four weeks after discharge, the incidence of subcutaneous congestion, lower limb swelling and pain, there had no notable difference in two subgroups Versus the control subgroup, VTE in the observation subgroup was notably lower and nursing satisfaction was higher. Preventive nursing intervention can reduce the level of PLT and D-D, restrain in the incidence of VTE and improve the nursing satisfaction of subjects with varicose veins of lower extremities after varicose vein surgery of lower limb.

Nursing interventions in preventing pressure injuries in acute inpatient care: a cross-sectional national study

BackgroundSeveral nursing interventions for pressure injury prevention have been identified, including risk and skin status assessment. The aim of this study was to explore prevention of pressure injuries in Finnish acute inpatient care. The data were collected on pressure injury risk and skin status assessments, repositioning, the use of support surfaces, preventive skin care, malnutrition risk assessment, and nutritional care.MethodsThis multicentre, cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 acute care hospitals, excluding psychiatric care. Adult patients from inpatient care were recruited on the annual international Stop Pressure Ulcers Day in 2018 and 2019. Enrolment covered 6,160 participants in 503 units. Descriptive statistics were used to describe pressure injuries, risk assessments, and preventive nursing interventions. Cross tabulation, Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were also used. Reporting follows the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.ResultsIn all, 30% of the participants had their pressure injury risk assessed during the care, and for 19% within 8 h after admission. The same time limit in risk assessment was fulfilled for 16% of the participants with a pressure injury, and 22% of the participants using a wheelchair or being bedridden. A skin status assessment within 8 h after admission was conducted for 30% of all participants, and for 29% of the participants with a pre-existing pressure injury, and for 38% of the participants using a wheelchair or being bedridden. The risk of malnutrition was screened in 20% of the participants. Preventive interventions were targeted to participants with a pressure injury instead of patients with a high-pressure injury risk.ConclusionThis study adds evidence about pressure injury risk assessments and the implementation of preventive nursing interventions in Finnish acute care. Skin status and pressure injury risk assessments were irregularly conducted, and the outcome was not used by nurses to guide the implementation of preventive interventions. The results reveal the gaps in evidence-based nursing practice, which require further efforts to prevent pressure injuries. Improving the national focus on pressure injury prevention practice is critical for improving healthcare for our patients.

Effects of a ‘social activity program that encourages interaction’ on rural older people's psychosocial health: Mixed‐methods research

We developed a program that encourages interaction among older people living at home by combining face-to-face and online activities and examined its effects on older adults' psychosocial health. In this mixed-methods study, we recruited 11 women and 6 men (Mage=79.5 ± 6.4 years), who lived in a rural community and participated in a senior citizen club. The intervention was conducted for 13months, comprising monthly face-to-face group and social media activities. For the program process evaluation, we collected focus-group interview data on participants' perceptions of their personal lives, club membership, and community post-intervention. For the outcome evaluation, we collected six outcome measures pre- and post-intervention: loneliness, subjective health, subjective well-being, self-esteem, social support and social activity satisfaction. Finally, through the integration of the process-outcome evaluation, we inferred what effects the program had on participants' psychosocial health. In the process evaluation, we identified four themes: 'Stimulation brought about by relationships with peers,' 'Realization as to where they feel they belong,' 'Rethinking of oneself in the community,' and 'Awareness of attachment to and coexistence with the community.' In the outcome evaluation, the outcome measures were maintained without significant decline post-intervention. Through the integration of the process-outcome evaluation, we deduced three effects of the program on psychosocial health: (1) fulfilment of subjective health, (2) maintenance and assurance of moderate distance connectedness and (3) orientation toward aging in place. This study offers a promising opportunity for further development and research into community-based preventive nursing care intervention strategies to maintain the psychosocial health of homebound older people in communities with social activity groups.

Effect of Delirium Prevention Program on Delirium Occurrence and the Length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Stay: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background:ICU patients typically experience diverse kinds of distress factors, which make them vulnerable to delirium thereby resulting in a higher rate of delirium occurrence. We aimed to review systematically current states of preventive nursing intervention in ICUs, and to analyze delirium occurrence and the length of ICU stay to provide suggestions for the preventive nursing practice in ICU.Methods:Data collection was done with literature search databases including PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, KMbase, KoreaMed, Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KiSTi), Research Information Service System (RISS) and with hand searching, from Apr 20 to May 10, 2020. Two researchers independently selected research literature, and three researchers summarized and identified related variables based on data extraction methods.Results:Overall, 236 articles identified, 11 articles met the inclusion criteria for review. The systematic review of the contents of preventive nursing intervention other than drug administration rendered the four types of intervention. The Peto odds ratio (OR) of the rate of delirium occurrence appeared as 0.29 (95% Confidence Interval (CI)=0.20∼0.43) which was statistically significant (Z=6.23, P<.01) in both group. The magnitude of the effect for the length of ICU stay demonstrated insignificant values, Mean difference (MD) −0.23 (95% CI=−0.51∼0.05) (Z=1.60, P=.11).Conclusion:For management of delirium among ICU patients, multi-component intervention packages, suitable for care setting in ICUs, need to be taken into account for the preparation of nursing intervention for prevention of delirium applicable to nursing practices.

Effect of resilience on social appearance anxiety in Turkish early adolescents.

Preventive and supportive nursing care interventions of school nurses are very important in the early adolescence period, in which the significant physical and sexual changes occur. One ramification of these changes may be social appearance anxiety. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of resilience on social appearance anxiety among early adolescents. The study was a cross-sectional design. The study data were collected between February and June 2018. Study sample consists of 495 early adolescents studying at a state secondary school in Turkey. The data were gathered using personal information form, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Child and Young Resilience Measure (CYRM-12). The data were analyzed using the independent-sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression methods. In the present study, the mean age of early adolescents was found to be 11.90 (1.07) years. The mean scores of students in SAAS and CYRM-12 were 31.79 (13.30) and 52.96 (5.86), respectively. Social appearance anxiety scores of early adolescents were found to have a negative effect on the resilience levels (β = -0.294). It can be suggested to teach adolescents, the interventions about the use of active coping skills aiming to decrease social appearance anxiety and to increase the resilience.

Risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in adult patients.

To identify risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in adult patients. This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial, totaling 1,319 patients. Demographic and clinical variables related to therapy and phlebitis were investigated. For data analysis, frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated, and Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used, with logistic regression, ROC curve, and Odds Ratio calculation (95% confidence interval; 5% significance level) being implemented. Of the 1,319 participants, 80 (6.1%) developed phlebitis. The following were associated with the occurrence of phlebitis: reduced mobility (p = 0.015), family history of deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.05), catheterization of veins on the back of the hand (p = 0.012), pain (p < 0.01), Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate (p = 0.015), and Omeprazole Sodium (p = 0.029). Risk factors for phlebitis involved intrinsic and extrinsic factors to the patient, indicating preventive nursing interventions such as promoting patient mobility, not catheterizing veins in the dorsal arch of the hand, cautious infusion of risk drugs, and valuing pain complaints.

Study on Ultrasonic Imaging of Nursing Care for Preventing and Treating Clinical Infection of Hemodialysis Patients Based on Smart Medical Big Data.

The ultrasonic imaging research of nursing care for preventing and treating clinical infection of hemodialysis patients based on smart medical big data is studied. 100 hemodialysis patients were selected from May 2019 to May 2020. The patients were randomly divided into the observation group and routine group with 50 cases in each group. The PWV of common carotid artery was measured by ultrasonic rapid imaging technology, including BS value at the beginning of systole and ES value at the end of systole. According to the effect of preventive nursing intervention of intelligent medical treatment, the MHD group adopted preventive nursing intervention, while the routine group adopted traditional nursing service. The infection rate and quality of life score of patients in both groups were evaluated. The results showed that there were significant differences in BS and ES values between the MHD group and PWV in the normal group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in BS value and ES value between MHD patients with plaque and those without plaque (P > 0.05). It is proved that the ultrafast ultrasound imaging technology is safe, simple, noninvasive, nonradioactive, and fast and can automatically and accurately detect carotid PWV. It is expected to become a new imaging method for quantitative evaluation of arteriosclerosis degree in MHD patients. Preventive nursing intervention can reduce the incidence of infection in hemodialysis patients and improve their quality of life. Smart medical treatment has brought us a lot of convenience. As patients, we should change our concept, actively participate in it, and contribute to the development of smart medical treatment.

Nursing Intervention Countermeasures of Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Urological Surgery Complications.

The objective is to explore the application effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in prevention of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in urological patients undergoing laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. From April 2019 to April 2020, 200 patients who received urological laparoscopic surgery and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and observation group, 100 cases in control group and 100 cases in observation group. Patients in control group received routine nursing, while patients in observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention. The skin condition, swelling, pain, and occurrence of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism of lower extremities in 2 groups were observed. The experimental results showed that the lower limb swelling, lower limb pain, and lower limb deep vein thrombosis in the control group were significantly higher than those in the observation group, but all patients were cured and discharged after taking effective symptomatic treatment and nursing measures in time. In the control group, pulmonary embolism occurred in 3 patients, all of whom died. There was no significant difference in skin changes of lower limbs (P > 0.05), and there were significant differences in other skin changes (P < 0.05). It proved that comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively prevent the formation of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in urological patients undergoing laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery with high-risk factors.

Application of comprehensive nursing interventions in prevention of deep vein thrombosis after free flap transplantation in patients with oral cancer

Application of comprehensive nursing interventions in prevention of deep vein thrombosis after free flap transplantation in patients with oral cancer

Risk factors for heel pressure injury in cardiovascular intensive care unit patients.

This study analyzed the risk factors for heel pressure injury in cardiovascular intensive care unit patients with the aim of laying the groundwork for preventive nursing interventions. We conducted a retrospective case‐control study of 92 patients who were admitted to the cardiovascular surgical or medical intensive care unit of a university hospital in South Korea between January and December 2017. Of these patients, 31 and 61 were included to the heel pressure injury group and the non‐heel pressure injury group, respectively. Data on their demographic, disease‐related, and intensive care unit treatment characteristics, as well as the degree of pressure injury, were collected from the hospital's electronic medical records using a standardized form. Cardiac surgery (P < .001), operation time (P = .001), use of a mechanical ventilator (P < .001), use of vasoconstrictors (P < .001), use of sedative drugs (P < .001), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment (P < .001) were identified as significant risk factors for heel pressure injury. A total of 22 patients (71%) from the heel pressure injury group developed deep tissue injury, and 16 patients (51.6%) who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment developed heel pressure injury.

Application of comprehensive nursing interventions in prevention of deep vein thrombosis after free flap transplantation in patients with oral cancer

Application of comprehensive nursing interventions in prevention of deep vein thrombosis after free flap transplantation in patients with oral cancer

Effect of nursing risk assessment combined with preventive nursing intervention on the incidence of complications and cardiovascular risk events in patients with cardiovascular disease

目的 探讨护理风险评估联合预防式护理干预对心血管疾病患者并发症以及心血管风险事件发生率的影响。 方法 选取2016年8月至2018年10月台州市第一人民医心内科治疗的心血管疾病住院患者66例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分成对照组和观察组，每组33例。对照组患者应用常规护理方法；观察组患者采用护理风险评估联合预防式护理干预。观察两组患者的心血管风险事件的发生率、并发症发生率、护理效果以及护理满意率。 结果 观察组总有效率为96.97%(32/33)，高于对照组的60.61%(20/33)，差异有统计学意义(χ2＝8.093，P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为12.12%(4/33)，明显低于对照组的45.45%(15/33)，差异有统计学意义(χ2＝7.144，P<0.05)。观察组患者的满意率为96.97%(32/33)，明显高于对照组的63.64%(21/33)，差异有统计学意义(χ2＝7.873，P<0.05)。观察组心血管风险事件发生率为9.09%(3/33)，明显低于对照组的33.33%(11/33)，差异有统计学意义(χ2＝9.083，P<0.05)。 结论 对心血管疾病患者行护理风险评估联合预防式护理干预可以明显降低患者心血管风险事件以及并发症的发生概率，还能提高患者的临床护理效果，从而进一步增强患者对护理的满意程度。

Nurse's interventions in preventing falls in hospitalized children: scoping review.

map both nursing interventions for the prevention of falls in paediatric age during hospitalization and the instruments for assessing the risk of falls in paediatrics. scoping review according to the protocol of Joanna Briggs Institute, with acronym PCC (P - children, C - fall preventive nursing interventions and instruments for assessing the risk of falling, C - hospital admission), in three sources of information (EBSCO, PubMed and SciELO). the sample consisted of seven articles. The education of the child/family is the basis of the interventions, and the instruments for assessing the risk of falling identified were: Humpty Dumpty Falls Scale, GRAF PIF, CUMMINGS, I'M SAFE and CHAMPS. the education of children/parents on preventive measures is important and should be reinforced during hospitalization, using different methodologies. The Humpty Dumpty Falls Scale was the most analyzed.

Observation on nursing effect of nebulization inhalation in patients with vocal cord polypectomy under tracheal intubation and general anesthesia

Objective To observe the nursing effect of 2% lidocaine and dexamethasone mixture in patients with vocal polyp extirpation under tracheal intubation. Methods From September 2017 to March 2018, 68 patients who were selected to perform vocal cord polyp resection under supportive laryngoscope in the hospital were randomly divided into 4 ml of 2% lidocaine before surgery and 2 ml of 0.5% dexamethasone after atomization inhalation with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia (observation group) and conventional tracheal intubation with general anesthesia (control group), 34 cases of each group.The hemodynamic indexes of endotracheal intubation and operation , the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) of Ricker at trachea extubation, BCS comfort score and wake time 15 minutes after endotracheal tube extubation were observed. Results The hemodynamics of the observation group was more stable than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). Conclusions The atomization inhalation of 2% lidocaine 4ml and 0.5% dexamethasone mixture before operation as an important preventive nursing intervention can reduce the hemodynamic fluctuation and improve the postoperative comfort. Key words: Atomization inhalation; Nursing effect; Vocal cord polyp extirpation; Lidocaine; Dexamethasone

Effect of preventive nursing intervention on reducing the incidence of postural aneurysm after anaesthesia in thyroid patients

目的 探析预防性护理干预在预防和减少甲状腺患者全身麻醉术后体位综合征发生的效果。 方法 选择2017年7月至2018年7月在温州医科大学附属第一医院接受甲状腺全身麻醉手术患者90例为研究对象，根据入院先后分成研究组和对照组各45例；对照组开展常规护理干预，研究组同时开展预防性护理干预护理，对比分析两组术后体位综合征发生情况，并评估患者护理满意度。 结果 研究组术后恶心呕吐、头晕头痛、肌肉酸痛、颈椎疼痛的发生率为分别11.11%、6.67%、4.44%、8.89%，分别低于对照组的31.11%、22.22%、42.22%、35.56%，均差异有统计学意义(χ2＝5.404、4.406、17.950、9.257，均P<0.05)；研究组护理满意度为97.78%，显著高于对照组的84.45%，差异有统计学意义(χ2＝4.939，P<0.05)。 结论 在甲状腺全身麻醉手术中对患者开展预防性护理干预，可有效减少术后体位综合征发生率，促进患者康复，提高患者护理满意度。

Effect of Physiotherapy Protocol on Post Burn Upper Limbs' Function

Introduction: Burns of the hand have devastating consequences not only for the functional outcome but also for the esthetic appearance. Post burn functional disabilities of the upper extremity are better prevented than treated. Aim: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of physiotherapy protocol on upper limbs’ function post burn. Design: A quasi-experimental (time series) design submitted to meet the aim of the study. Subjects: A purposive sample of 27 male and female adult patients with 2nd degree burn in hand assigned in the current study which was carried out in Burn Department and its outpatient clinic of General hospital at Minia city. Tools: Four tools were utilized to collect data of this study; demographic questionnaire, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Scale (DASH), Manual Muscle testing, and Vancouver Scar Assessment Scale (VSS). Results: Twenty seven adult 2nd degree burned patients with mean age 36.0 ± 11.22 are included in the study. Gradual improvement of the upper limbs' function measured through DASH scale was observed after application of physiotherapy protocol, this appear through significant decrease in complain from severe dysfunction among 25.9% after 2 months to 0% after 6 months; significant increase in muscle force (22.2%, 59.3%) and prominent improvement of burn scar measured by VSS. Conclusions: The data suggest that the upper limbs' function post burns can be improved by preventive nursing interventions including early range of motion, anti-contracture positioning and splinting of hand which has positive effects on burn scar. Recommendations: regular training programs to keep nurses in burn units updated with the evidence-based practices and array interventions for reducing burn scar and improving limbs' function and therefore patients' productivity.

Effects of Warmed Fluid Irrigation Intervention and Forced- Air Warming Intervention on Hypothermia in Transurethral Operation Under Spinal Anesthesia

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate an effective nursing intervention for prevention of hypothermia and thermal discomfort in patients undergoing transurethral procedure under spinal anesthesia.Method/Statistical Analysis: A total of 63 patients were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups. During the procedure, the warmed fluid irrigation group received warm irrigation fluid at 37°C, while the forced-air warming group received forced-air warming by means of Bair Hugger set at 38°C. The control group received room-temperature irrigation fluid.Findings: Body temperature measured immediately after the procedure showed a significantly higher in the warmed fluid irrigation group than in the control group. The level of thermal discomfort on arrival at the recovery room was significantly lower for the warmed fluid irrigation group than for the other two groups.Improvements/Applications: The present results suggest that warmed fluid irrigation is more effective than forced-air warming for preventing hypothermia and thermal discomfort during a transurethral procedure under spinal anesthesia.

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults.

Interventions for preventing intensive care unit delirium in adults.

Analysis of incidence of hypothermia and its influencing factors in patients with acute trauma

Objective To explore the incidence of hypothermia and its influencing factors in patients with acute trauma. Methods From March 2014 to March 2017, 70 patients with acute trauma from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected as the search object by convenient sampling method. The incidence of hypothermia was recorded and the risk factors for hypothermia in acute trauma patients were analyzed by the Cox risk model. Results Hypothermia occurred in 32 patients with acute trauma, with an incidence of 45.71%. The Revised Trauma Score (RTS) , the use of an ambulance thermal apparatus, preventive warmth retention during surgery and liquid heating were the influencing factors of hypothermia in patients with acute trauma (P<0.05) . Conclusions Targeted preventive nursing intervention can help reduce the incidence of hypothermia and improve the prognosis of patients with acute trauma. Key words: Body temperature; Acute trauma; Influencing factors