Nurses Deal Research Articles

Human rights education for nursing students: A scoping review.

Background: Human rights are an important part of nursing care, and nurses deal with human rights matter daily. Despite their relevance and acknowledgement of their importance, human rights issues remain limited in nursing education. Aim: The study's aim was to describe how human rights education has been addressed in nursing education. Method: A scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) recommendations. The search was conducted in March 2023, with an updated search in February 2024. We searched in the following databases provided by EBSCO: Academic Search Elite, CINAHL, Education Source, ERIC, ScienceDirect and MEDLINE. Additionally, we also searched in Embase via Ovia and Scopus. The papers were screened for eligibility by title, abstract and full text independently by at least two reviewers, and the whole research team was involved in this process. Ethical considerations: The scoping review was guided by ethical conduct and scientific guidelines. Findings: Nine papers matched the inclusion criteria. Three thematic groups were identified: (a) focus of human rights education, (b) the learning design of the coursework and (c) learning outcomes in human rights education. Conclusion: Human rights education can benefit from being tailored to the students' experiences and including voices from the rights-holders. Bringing in the students' experiences and rights-holders' voices can enable self-reflection and discussion regarding human rights concerns. Hence, if the intention is to support nursing students to develop an awareness and act upon human rights concerns, the curriculum ought to include opportunities for reflection and discussion around human rights concerns and experiences in the students' own context.

Digital transformation for the prevention of delirium in older adults with dementia: Development of simulation intervention using virtual reality and augmented reality programs and its subjective effects

We aimed to develop a simulation program for physicians and nurses involved in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) treatment and care from the perspective of these professionals and older adults with dementia who developed delirium, and to test the effectiveness of the program. effectiveness of the program was analyzed through free-response statements from 67 nurses (84.8%) and 12 doctors (15.2%) who participated in the program between February 16 and April 18, 2023. Regarding the experience of delirium from the perspective of older adults with dementia (personal experience), the following statements were extracted "1. I do not understand where I am, the situation, and the treatment/care that is about to be given"; "2. I want the situation to be explained to me so that I can understand the reasons for my hospitalization and the treatment/care I am receiving"; "3. The eerie environment of the hospital and the high pressure of the staff made me feel anxious and fearful"; "4. Please respect my existence as I endure pain, anxiety, and loneliness"; "5. I feel relieved when doctors and nurses deal with me from my point of view"; and "6. I feel relieved when there is a familiar presence, such as a family member or the name I am calling on a daily basis". Specific categories of self-oriented empathy were extracted from the experience of physical restraint at night using VR and the experience of delirium using AR. This suggests the possibility of objective effects on treatment and care in future practice.

Stress, burnout and coping among nurses working on acute medical wards and in the community: A quantitative study.

Psychological distress can cause burnout, which affects mental and physical well-being. It is important to identify factors associated with psychological distress and physical discomfort and how nurses deal with these problems. The aim was to investigate distress, burnout and coping among community nurses (CN) and hospital nurses (HN). In this cross-sectional study, 409 nurses completed three questionnaires: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Ways of Coping (WOC). Participants younger than 40 demonstrated significantly more distress and burnout than those older than 40 years. Participants who had moderate and high distress on the PSS were significantly more at risk for experiencing personal, work-related and patient-related burnout. A significant positive correlation was found between distress and behavioural escape-avoidance, cognitive escape-avoidance and distancing. Significant positive correlations were also seen between all the subscales of the CBI and behavioural escape-avoidance, cognitive escape-avoidance and distancing. Positive significant correlation was also obtained between staff resources and distress and personal-related and work-related burnout. Negative correlation was demonstrated between staff resources and patient-related burnout. Participants with longer work experience were less likely to report moderate or high distress, and those who scored higher on personal burnout and behavioural escape-avoidance were more likely to have moderate or high distress. The results of this study call for increased attention to the younger generation in the nursing profession. The results also validate the need to investigate further the correlation between distress, burnout and coping and how these issues might influence each other among nurses working in the community and hospitals. Findings should be taken with precaution, they do not describe in detail what underlying factors contribute to distress and discomfort found in this study, they do, however, indicate certain coping strategies nurses use to deal with distress and burnout.

The factors of job crafting in emergency nurses: regression models versus qualitative comparative analysis

BackgroundJob crafting is defined as a series of proactive behaviors exhibited by employees in order to balance work resources and needs, which has a significant positive impact on the nurses. It is necessary to find the core factors that influence the job crafting, as emergency nurses deal with the most complex tasks, so as to improve their job satisfaction.ObjectivesTo investigate the core factors of job crafting among emergency nurses.MethodsA cross-sectional design was used in the study. A total of 255 nurses were recruited from two hospitals in Zhengzhou and Shenzhen, China in December 2021. 255 nurses completed an online questionnaire. Hierarchical regression models and fsQCA models were used to explore the factors influencing job crafting among emergency nurses and helped us to identify core factors.ResultsThe hierarchical regression model and the fsQCA model found that the occupational benefit, psychological empowerment, and research experience were the core factors affecting their job crafting. Job involvement was not significant in the regression model, but the QCA model indicated that it needs to be combined with other factors to impact on job crafting. The QCA model uncovered seven key conditional configurations that led to high and low job crafting among emergency nurses, explaining 80.0% of the results for high job crafting and 82.6% of the results for the low job crafting, respectively.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide valuable insights into the job crafting experienced by emergency nurses. Junior emergency nurses should be granted a high level of psychological empowerment without assigning them overly complex tasks, such as research tasks, as these challenges can stop their job crafting. Intermediate and senior emergency nurses, on the other hand, can be assigned research tasks coupled with high psychological empowerment to enhance their job crafting.

Discursive analysis of nursing care toward childhood fever and its contextual differences: An ethnomethodological study.

Fever is the most common clinical sign during infancy. Nurses deal with fever in children most directly and it is an integral aspect of their role as pediatric nurses. The objective of this study is to analyze the perceptions, knowledge and attitudes toward childhood fever of nurses in three health contexts: pediatric hospitalization, pediatric emergency and primary care. To respond this objective, a qualitative study with ethnomethodological approach has been carried out. In-depth interviews were conducted and theoretical clinical cases were presented to nurses working in pediatrics in the three settings studied. After the analysis of the discourses, the codes were classified into three categories: static and number-centric knowledge, dependent nursing attitude, and unconscious model nurses. On the one hand, when we analyze and compare the perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of the nurses between the different contexts, we find differences that consist mainly of what the context requires of them. On the other hand, in general and regardless of the context, the nurses interviewed place themselves in a traditional framework when faced with the phenomenon of fever in children.

Effect of Job Crafting Intervention Program on Harmonious Work Passion and Career Commitment among Nurses: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Aim. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of a job crafting intervention program for nurses on their job crafting behaviors, harmonious work passion, and career commitment. Background. Nurses generally work in suboptimal environments with chronic low resources and high demands. Job crafting may be a cost-effective strategy to deal effectively with such environments. However, its effectiveness as a nursing intervention program remains unclear. Methods. An open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted at a hospital in Port Said, Egypt. The study enrolled 94 nurses. Participants were assigned randomly to the intervention group (n = 47) or the control group (n = 47). The intervention group had a 2-day workshop, 3 weeks of job crafting implementation, and a reflection session, whereas the control group participated in a 1-day workshop. Data were collected at baseline, 2 weeks, and 3 months after the intervention in both groups by using the Job Crafting Scale, Job Crafting Knowledge Questionnaire, Harmonious Work Passion Scale, and Career Commitment Scale. Results. Compared with the control group, the intervention group experienced a higher level of job crafting behaviors and reported a greater improvement in harmonious work passion, but not in career commitment. Conclusion. Nurses can be trained on job crafting behaviors, which can lead to the maximization of job resources, optimization of job demands, and enhancement of nurses’ harmonious work passion. Implications for Nursing Management. Nursing managers should train nurses regularly on how to be job crafters because it is an effective tool that helps nurses deal with limited job resources and increased job demands and makes them more harmoniously passionate about their work.

Kepribadian dan Performa Kerja pada Perawat di Tempat Kerja

This study aims to describe the relationship between the personality and work performance of nurses in the workplace. The method used is a scoping review with a descriptive approach using three databases, namely CINAHL, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The results showed that four articles discussed the relationship between personality and work performance in nurses. Nurses who know their character can improve optimal work performance. In addition, a job-appropriate nature helps nurses deal with work stress. So that nurses use adaptive coping and have high resilience in dealing with stressors that arise in the workplace. In conclusion, this shows the importance of nurses knowing their personalities to improve work performance in the workplace. Good workplace management can also form an upbeat disposition in achieving goals at work.
 Keywords: Personality, Nurse, Work performance, Workplace

How psychological first aid can help nurses to cope

An intervention strategy that helps nurses deal with distressing or traumatic incidents, or crisis situations

How psychological first aid can help nurses to cope

An intervention strategy that helps nurses deal with distressing or traumatic incidents, or crisis situations

La place de la religion/spiritualité dans la reconstruction du sens du travail de soin : le cas des infirmiers algériens

IntroductionAs part of an academic research, we are interested in how do Algerian nurses deal with their care work experience and its impacts on their relationship with patients through the study of the mechanisms mobilized by these professionals. Method and resultsWe have conducted semi-structured interviews that revealed reasons for job dissatisfaction related to working conditions, relationship conflicts, therapeutic failure, patient death and lack of recognition. Job satisfaction was linked to the success of the therapy and to the satisfaction/recognition of the patient and his “prayers”; thus, for caregivers the satisfaction of the patient and his “prayers” allowed them to get closer to the divine, a kind of “a divine rapprochement/benefit”, “a protection for them and their family”, they argued thus by insisting on the role of the patient and caring in the Muslim religion. DiscussionAccording to the religious texts discussed, the patient is given a “sacred status” since he or she is closed to God. When experiencing patients suffering, or even their distress, these professionals will transpose the sacred into the act of care taking and bind themselves to a higher power to deal with this painful experience, death and finitude. The meaning found through religion/spirituality would thus allow caregivers to find a psychological appeasement and stability and to face existential questions related to their work. ConclusionDealing with existential distress, “religious/spiritual” responses, which originate in the social imagination, allow caregivers to transcend the painful reality, the absurdity and incoherence of daily life and “find meaning”, which is assimilated by several authors to “sublimation”.

Management of child maltreatment suspicions in general practice: a mixed methods study

Background Maltreated children have many long-term consequences throughout their lives, but often maltreated children are not recognised in time by professionals. General practice could be central to the early recognition of child maltreatment due to the long-term relationship with families. Objective How do general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses (PNs) deal with suspected maltreatment in children below 18 years of age, and which factors influence them to report cases to social authorities. Design and setting A mixed methods study set in general practice in Denmark. Method and subjects We combined data from a nationwide questionnaire with observations from five clinics and 20 interviews with GPs and PNs. We explored our data using the concept of uncertainty as a driver that shapes action and decision-making in general practice. Results Most GPs (94%) said they would discuss cases of suspected child maltreatment with social services, but in many cases they would prefer to discuss their suspicions with a colleague first (83%) – most likely where there are no clear-cut signs. The qualitative data added nuance to these findings by highlighting the difficulty of communicating across sectors, the importance of maintaining a connection with the child’s family, and practicing watchful waiting. Conclusion General practice has an opportunity to act early in cases of suspected child maltreatment if uncertainty is accepted as a critical part of the process of reaching a diagnosis. Communication across sectors is key, as is support for GPs with suspicions and for families in need of help. Key points GPs are often thought to underreport child maltreatment but despite low levels of reporting, this does not mean they ignore it. Building on the connection with the family, making follow appointments, and discussing suspicions with colleagues are typical of how GPs manage suspicions of child abuse. Accepting uncertainty as a condition of raising the alarm could help GPs to act quickly to support children at risk of abuse.

Coming to Grips—How Nurses Deal With Restlessness, Confusion, and Physical Restraints on a Neurological/Neurosurgical Ward

Physical restraints are viewed as potentially dangerous objects for patient safety. Contemporary efforts mainly focus on preventing bad outcomes in restraint use, while little attention is paid under what circumstances physical restraints are applied harmlessly. The aim of this research was to understand how physical restraints are used by neurology/neurosurgery ward nurses in relation to the protocol. In ethnographic action research, the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) was used to map and compare physical restraints as part of daily ward care against the protocol of physical restraints. Comparison between protocol and actual practice revealed that dealing with restlessness and confusion is a collective nursing skill vital in dealing with physical restraints, while the protocol failed to account for these aspects. Supporting and maintaining this skillset throughout this and similar nursing teams can prevent future misguided application physical restraints, offering valuable starting point in managing patient safety for these potentially dangerous objects.

PERCEPÇÕES DE ENFERMEIROS DE UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE QUANTO A ATUAÇÃO FRENTE AOS CASOS DE DEPRESSÃO

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand how nurses deal with depression in basic health units. Method: Qualitative research was carried out in 2020 through an open interview with 15 nurses working in basic health units in a municipality in the Brazilian Midwest region. The interviews were subjected to content analysis. Results: It was possible to see that nurses have multifactorial difficulties in dealing with cases of depression. However, they point out strategies that indicate ways to qualify their clinical practice, such as the importance of professional training and strengthening teamwork, so they are prepared and qualified to offer effective and humanized nursing care to people with depression. Conclusion: Even in the face of the challenges that have arisen, the continuity of nursing actions aimed at patients with depression and other mental disorders is fundamental, especially in contexts with a weakened mental health care network.

Cultural Competence in Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Background. Nursing staff are typically multi-national, especially in Saudi Arabia, and Saudi nurses deal with multicultural patients, which creates a culturally diverse atmosphere. As a result, cultural competence is essential. Aim. To assess cultural competence among nurses in Saudi Arabia Methods. A systematic review was performed to assess cultural competence among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Findings. The study provides in-depth summaries of 11 papers included in this review. No studies published before 2014 investigated the cultural competence of Saudi Arabian nurses. However, the authors noted a sharp rise from 2020 in the number of studies dealing with this issue. Sample sizes ranged from 11 to 650 participants. Three studies were qualitative compared to eight quantitative studies. Seven studies focused on staff nurses, one on academic nurses, two on nursing students, and one on nurse leaders. Three concentrated on the academic setting, seven on clinical settings, and one on community settings. Most studies collected data from surveys, while a few used interviews and cross-sectional methodologies. Conclusion. Healthcare systems should be structured to encourage the empowerment of nurses from different nationalities and build effective communication policies to improve cultural competency among nurses. Future research should look at the relationship between individual training programs designed to increase cultural competence and their effect on the quality of patient care. Also, further research should incorporate a more diverse range of cultures. Keywords: Cultural competence, nurses, Saudi Arabia, patient outcome, knowledge, skills, attitude.

Dealing with staff diversity in German hospitals: A comparative analysis of doctors and nurses

Abstract Background Germany is increasingly recruiting foreign healthcare staff due to the shortage of skilled workers. This diversity of professional and cultural backgrounds poses a challenge to everyday life in inpatient care. Previous studies have focused on the renegotiation of professional identities and competencies in nursing or medicine. In contrast, this study sheds light on group-specific mechanisms through a comparative analysis: How do doctors and nurses deal with diversity in the workplace? Where do profession-specific differences emerge and what does this mean for future interventions? Methods Eight group discussions (June 2019 to October 2020) were conducted with groups of doctors and nurses with and without a migration background in four hospitals in two federal states in Germany; including 22 nurses and 10 doctors (n = 32). The data were analysed using the documentary method to examine professional meaning-making processes. The results were validated intersubjectively. Results The respective handling of diversity in the workplace is influenced by different professional group identities. The situation is precarious for nurses with a migration background - especially for those with an academic degree, as nursing is still an apprenticeship profession in Germany. In the medical profession, on the other hand, diversity does not lead to significant controversies, even if cultural differences are discussed. Conclusions Dealing with diversity is negotiated within professional groups. As nursing or medical ‘communities of practice’ (E. Wenger), these have a mediating role through which they can mitigate institutional and individual barriers to the integration of migrants in the workplace. Key messages

Evaluating the Stress Factors of Dermatology Nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam

Objectives: Nursing is among the top three most stressful jobs, yet stress in nurses has diminishing impacts on their personal health and productivity. The COVID-19 pandemic might elevate stress in nurses, in particular dermatology nurses. This study aims to examine the prevalence of stress among dermatology nurses and its related factors. Methodology: A cross-section study was conducted among 154 nurses at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology in Vietnam. Data were collected during the third cluster of COVID-19 pandemic spread in Hanoi. Nurse stress was measured by stress items of the DASS-21. Factors related to stress included personal, family, work-related and social factors. Results: 51.9% of nurses met the criteria for stress according to DASS-21. All nurses reported at least 1 symptom of stress in the past week. Factors significantly related to stress among nurses included personal, family, work-related and social factors. While many factors in these four groups created stress in nurses, only work-related and social factors elevated the severity of stress in nurses. Conclusion: Hospital management should develop strategies to support nurses deal with stress, since most of the factors that elevate stress can be addressed by system-level interventions, such as management of professional relationships, organizational justice, and the welfare system.

Muslim nurse’s spiritual sensitivity as a higher perception and reflection toward spiritual care: a qualitative study in southeast Iran

BackgroundSpiritually sensitive nurses perceive the spiritual attitudes and feelings of others. They play a positive role in providing spiritual care to patients. Spiritually sensitive nurses deal appropriately with suffering, frustration, and spiritual dysfunction. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain Iranian nurses’ experiences of spiritual sensitivity.MethodsThis qualitative descriptive explorative study used conventional content analysis and purposeful sampling to explain the experiences of Iranian nurses (n = 19). This study used in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 nurses, as well as maximum variation sampling to gather rich information (age, sex, religion, work experience, level of education, marital status, type of hospital and ward) from March 2021 to January 2022. The current study also employed Guba & Lincoln criteria to increase data trustworthiness and Graneheim and Lundman approach to analyze the content.ResultsThe research data showed 497 codes, 1 theme, 3 categories, and 6 subcategories. The theme of “Nurse’s spiritual sensitivity as a higher perception and reflection toward spiritual care” included three categories of the spiritual and professional character of the nurse, perception of the spiritual needs of patients and their families, and the nurse’s reflection on the religious beliefs of patients and their families.ConclusionSpiritual sensitivity helps a nurse to provide holistic care for patients and their families. Therefore, managers and policymakers should create guidelines to help nurses become more spiritually sensitive as well as to meet spiritual needs of patients. Further quantitative and qualitative research should confirm these results in other social and cultural contexts.

'Staying strong': A constructivist grounded theory of how registered nurses deal with the impact of trauma-related events in rural acute care practice.

This study explored how Registered Nurses (RNs) in rural practice deal with psychologically traumatic events when living and working in the same rural community over time. Rural RNs who are exposed to trauma may be at high risk for psychological distress (e.g. secondary traumatic stress, vicarious trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder), in the context of isolated practice and slower emergency response times. Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory methodology was chosen for this qualitative study. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 19 RNs from six rural acute care hospitals. A total of 33 interviews were conducted with 19 face-to-face initial interviews, 14 follow-up telephone interviews and 14 reflective journals. Adherence to the COREQ EQUATOR guidelines was maintained. Participants were exposed to a multitude of trauma-related events, with their main concern of being intertwined with events for life. They dealt with this by staying strong, which included relying upon others, seeking inner strength, attempting to leave the past behind and experiencing transformational change over time. Being embedded in the community left them linked with these trauma-related events for life. Staying strong was a crucial element to their ability to cope and to face future events. The psychological implications of trauma-related events when working and living in rural acute care practice settings are significant and complex. Findings highlight the need for organizational support and processes and may contribute to improved psychological services and management practices. Key learnings were that rural nurses, who live and work in the same community, experience psychological changes over time from traumatic events that stay with them for life; employers fail to recognise the seriousness of this issue and trauma-informed policies with associated resources are lacking.

Prevalence, influencing factors and adverse consequences of workplace violence against nurses in China: A cross-sectional study.

The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of workplace violence among nurses in China and its association with demographic characteristics, quality of work life and coping styles. The secondary objective was to explore how nurses deal with workplace violence and the emotional/psychological impact of workplace violence on nurses. Workplace violence is a common occupational hazard that causes physical and psychological harm to nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2769 nurses from China. A demographic information questionnaire, hospital workplace violence questionnaire, Chinese version of the work-related quality of life scale and coping style scale were used in this study. The Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the effects of demographic characteristics, quality of work life and coping styles on nurses' workplace violence. A total of 49.12% of the nurses (n= 1360) had experienced at least one type of workplace violence in the past 6 months. Night shifts, work department, chronic diseases (odds ratio [OR] = 1.53, p < .001), sleep disorders (OR = 1.54, p< .001), frequent overtime (OR = 1.78, p < .001), adverse nursing events (OR = 2.01, p < .001) and passive coping (OR = 1.47, p < .001) were risk factors for workplace violence. Working conditions (OR = 0.61, p< .001), general well-being (OR = 0.65, p < .001) and positive coping (OR = 0.76, p< .001) were identified as protective factors for workplace violence. Nurses exposed to workplace violence experience various negative emotional and psychological consequences. Workplace violence is common among nurses in China. Good working conditions, general well-being and positive coping may help prevent workplace violence injuries. Efforts should be made to improve and optimize existing workplace violence prevention measures, create and maintain a good working environment for health care workers and develop various coping styles or strategies to manage stress to reduce workplace violence. The cross-sectional study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, with the registration number 2019-221-2. Written informed consent was obtained prior to the survey.

The role of demographic factors, mindfulness and perceived stress in resilience among nurses: A cross sectional study.

To examine the role of demographic factors, mindfulness, and perceived stress on resilience among nurses. Resilience is an important attribute in the nursing profession although factors affecting it are very diverse. Knowing these factors may help in enhancing nurses' resilience and their subsequent quality healthcare delivery. Utilizing a cross-sectional descriptive survey, a convenience sample was recruited to answer questions assessing resilience, perceived stress, and mindfulness in Taiwan between October and November 2021. Independent t-tests, one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and hierarchical regression were used to analyse the data. A total of 816 nurses participated in the study. Postgraduate degree nurses had lower perceived stress (p = .006) and higher resilience (p = .003) compared with their college and undergraduate counterparts. Nurses working in internal medicine had significantly higher levels of perceived stress (p = .006) and lower levels of mindfulness (p = .005) compared with those in other departments. Single nurses had significantly higher levels of mindfulness (p = .04) but lower levels of resilience (p = .049) than those who were married. Educational level, perceived stress, and mindfulness were all factors that influenced nurses' resilience. Higher educational levels, perceived stress, and mindfulness appear to influence nurses' resilience. Nurses should therefore be encouraged to upgrade themselves academically, attend refresher courses, and learn adaptive coping strategies. Hospital authorities should help nurses deal with stressful issues and offer career development opportunities to update, upgrade, and enhance their skillsets in the profession.