Nurse-patient Relations Research Articles

Humanization of nursing care: a systematic review.

Advances in healthcare in recent years have resulted in the automation and standardization of healthcare. Consequently, care has become dehumanized. There is a lack of trust from patients toward the health care system, as well as feelings of stress, exhaustion, and fatigue among professionals. The aim of this article is to describe the humanization actions in nursing care, as well as the barriers and facilitating strategies to carry them out. A systematic review of the scientific literature has been carried out following the recommendations of the PRISMA declaration. The search was carried out in the WOS, SCOPUS, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. The keywords used were "humanization of assistance," "nursing care," and "nurse-patient relations," restricting to original studies in English or Spanish, from 2018 to 2022. One author performed the search, selection, and screening of records. Two authors were involved in data extraction, and a third author decided in case of conflict. The systematic review was guided by ethical conduct that respects authorship and reference sources. Of the 744 articles initially identified, 27 were included in this review. Methodological quality was assessed following the STROBE statement or the CASPe and MMAT tools. The main barriers were found to be the lack of training of nurses and their working conditions, as well as the unwillingness of the institutions. Facilitating strategies consisted of solving implementation problems, promoting communication to strengthen nurse-patient relationships and accompaniment by family members. The main interventions are related to the physical environment and have been studied in obstetrics and pediatrics services. Barriers related to training, work situation and lack of institutional involvement are complemented with facilitating strategies that aim to implement the humanized model at a general level.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Patient's Perception of Nurse-Patient Relationship as Healing Transformations Scale (RELATE Scale).

A 3-phase study was conducted to develop and psychometrically evaluate the Patients' Perceptions of their Nurse-Patient Relations as Healing Transformations (RELATE) Scale. There is a lack of tools measuring nurse-patient relationship dynamics from a unitary-transformative paradigm to evaluate the patient's experience of what works to enhance their well-becoming. The 35-item scale was completed by 311 adults with chronic illness. The Cronbach α for the 35-item scale was 0.965 suggesting good internal consistency. Principal components analyses yielded a 17-item, 2-component solution explaining 60.17% of the total variance. This theoretically driven and psychometrically sound scale will contribute to quality-of-care data.

Theoretical definition of nurse-conscious mechanically ventilated patient communication: a scoping review with qualitative content analysis.

Providing critical nursing care for conscious mechanically ventilated patients is mediated via effective communication. This study aimed to identify and map the antecedents, attributes, consequences, and definition of nurse-conscious mechanically ventilated patient communication (N-CMVPC). This scoping review was conducted by searching the Cochrane Library and the CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, between 2001 and 2021. The keywords queried included "nurses," "mechanically ventilated patients," "mechanical ventilation," "intubated patients," "communication," "interaction," "relationships," "nurse-patient communication," "nurse-patient relations," "intensive care units," and "critical care." Studies related to communication with healthcare personnel or family members were excluded. The results indicated that N-CMVPC manifests as a set of attributes in communication experiences, emotions, methods, and behaviors of the nurse and the patient and is classified into three main themes, nurse communication, patient communication, and quantitative-qualitative aspects. N-CMVPC is a complex, multidimensional, and multi-factor concept. It is often nurse-controlled and can express itself as questions, sentences, or commands in the context of experiences, feelings, and positive or negative behaviors involving the nurse and the patient.

Portfólio acadêmico: reflexões sobre o ensino de enfermagem em interculturalidade

Abstract This study seeks to reflect on intercultural care regarding the how to act in the nursing process in the face of different cultures. This is a theoretical study with reflexive approach based on the experience of the academic in building their portfolio carried out in 2020 by means of reflections based on academic portfolios of the fifth semester of a nursing program in the South region of Brazil. After analysis of the produced material and of the noted reflections in the portfolio diary, the following categories emerged: intercultural care in nursing courses and interculturality in the pandemic. Thus, after reflection and discussion on nursing care, we will focus on interculturality in the face of the courses taken, the experiences of the academic trajectory in this period, and, finally, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the process of care for people from the point of view of interculturality. This thematic becomes important for bringing up a reflection on the nurse-patient relation.

Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations: A Case Study.

Theoretical frameworks offer guiding principles to guide nursing practice on well-defined nursing knowledge. Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationship empowers nurses in their work for regaining health and well-being for people. Understanding the theory and the connectedness that arises from this theory provides a structure for nurse-patient relations, even working through a language barrier as evidenced by the case scenario detailed in this article.

Association between perception of caring behaviors and self-efficacy in patients with cardiovascular disease at coronary care units: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundAssessing and improving patient self-efficacy are among the major roles of nurses. Nurses are also responsible for providing direct patient care, and they play a major role in improving patient care quality. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate nurses’ care-giving behaviors. This study aimed to determine the association between caring behaviors and self-efficacy in patients with cardiovascular disease.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 400 patients with cardiovascular disease who were admitted to hospitals in Jahrom, southern Iran, were selected through a stratified sampling. The Caring Behaviors Inventory and the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Spearman correlation coefficient in SPSS ver. 22.ResultsResults showed significant relationships between perception of caring behaviors and self-efficacy (r=0.16, P=0.001) as well as subscales of respectful deference to others (r=0.12, P=0.01), assurance of human presence (r=0.12, P=0.02), and positive connectedness (r=0.18, P=0.001). Additionally, among the subscales of caring behaviors, “attentive to others’ experience,” with a mean of 5.17±1.10, was the highest priority and “positive connectedness,” with a mean of 4.81±1.31, was the lowest priority for patients. The mean self-efficacy score was 73.94±29.78, and 169 patients (43.2%) had low self-efficacy.ConclusionsGiven the positive relationship between perception of caring behaviors and self-efficacy in patients with cardiovascular disease, self-efficacy could be improved by paying more attention to patient care priorities and improving patient perception of caring behaviors.

AN EVALUATION OF TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION (TDCS) IN THE REDUCTION OF OCCUPATIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME IN NURSES

The aim of the study was to answer the question as to whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is more effective in reducing burnout syndrome in nurses than the commonly used individual psychotherapy. The study included 40 nurses from various health care facilities located in the Lesser Poland and Podkarpackie Voivodeship suffering from burnout syndrome. They were assigned to the experimental group while 20 to the control group. Two different therapy models were used: the experimental group (A) included 20 of the nurses treated with the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), four times a week for 8 weeks, in sessions that lasted initially 10, then 15, 20, 25 and finally 30 minutes and the control group (B) included 20 of the nurses treated with individual psychotherapy employed for 8 weeks, once a week for 30 minutes. To evaluate the results we used: screening with a clinical interview, the Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Beck Depression Inventory and a Polish adaptation of the Italian questionnaire created by Massimo Sentinello (LBQ). Treatment was provided. The transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) used in Group A is more effective in reducing many symptoms than is the case with individual psychotherapy. Comparing the intragroup effects, it was found that the tDCS employed in Group A significantly reduced the intensity of depressive symptoms among the surveyed nurses [F (1.38) = 57.62; p <0.001; η2 = 0.603] while the individual psychotherapy used in Group B failed to produce a statistically significant effect [F (1.38) = 1.794; p = 0.188; η2 = 0.045]. These include a reduction of depression, a reduction in chronic psychophysical exhaustion, vegetative problem reduction, and the improvement of nurse-patient relations. Neurotherapy with the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is more effective in reducing burnout syndrome than the commonly used individual psychotherapy. It also helps to return these nurses to full professional activity. The studies presented above recommend the use of new neurotechnologies in therapy as a result of their usefulness and non-invasive character.

The impact of the surgical mask on the relationship between patient and family nurse in primary care

Objective: In primary care, during treatments, nurses may need to wear surgical masks, namely for control of infection contamination, or to minimize unpleasant odors. The goal of this study is to inspect the effect of nurses wearing the mask on patient perception of the nurse-patient relation. Methods: A pre-post-test, control-experimental group design was employed with 60 patients treated in family health units. Patients responded to the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire III (PSQ-III) regarding nurses’ communication, interpersonal manner, technical quality, as well regarding general satisfaction with the encounter. An additional question asked both patients and nurses how long they felt that the visit lasted. Results: Results show that nurses wearing the surgical mask had significantly negative effects in all dimensions of PSQ-III and increased the perceived visit duration among both nurses and patients. Conclusion: When a previous relationship exists, nurses wearing the surgical mask in primary care in Portugal negatively affects patient satisfaction with both the patient-nurse relation and the nurses’ technical quality. Practice implications: Is important the nurse understand this impact to discuss with the colleagues the best strategy to minimize the negative impact to the patient- family nurse relation and manager this situation in the best way to the patient.

Violence against Health-Care Personnel: Lessons from COVID-19 Pandemic

Violence towards healthcare personnel in hospitals is a widespread worrying phenomenon, and it is considered a mirror to violence in society in general [1]. There are many factors may share in this phenomenon as work overload, waiting times, and nurse-patient relations, responsibilities, environmental factors and patient-related factors [2].

Analyzing Patients' Complaints: Awakening of the Ethic of Belonging.

Nursing ethics are fundamental principles to nursing practice. The purpose of this study is to analyze patients' complaints filed against nurses from a nursing ethics perspective. This is a qualitative study. The data source is the patients' complaints filed in a university-affiliated hospital in China. The complaints are categorized into 4 themes: uncompassionate attitudes, unprofessional communication, disrespect of patient rights, and unsatisfactory quality of nursing care. The ethic of belonging reflects nurse-patient relations. Patients expect to be treated with dignity. This study sends out a call for nurse leaders and educators to reevaluate the practice and education of the nursing professional identity.

Exploring Research Topics and Trends in Nursing-related Communication in Intensive Care Units Using Social Network Analysis

This study used social network analysis to identify the main research topics and trends in nursing-related communication in intensive care units. Keywords from January 1967 to June 2016 were extracted from PubMed using Medical Subject Headings terms. Social network analysis was performed using Gephi software. Research publications and newly emerging topics in nursing-related communication in intensive care units were classified into five chronological phases. After the weighting was adjusted, the top five keyword searches were "conflict," "length of stay," "nursing continuing education," "family," and "nurses." During the most recent phase, research topics included "critical care nursing," "patient handoff," and "quality improvement." The keywords of the top three groups among the 10 groups identified were related to "neonatal nursing and practice guideline," "infant or pediatric and terminal care," and "family, aged, and nurse-patient relations," respectively. This study can promote a systematic understanding of communication in intensive care units by identifying topic networks. Future studies are needed to conduct large prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials to verify the effects of patient-centered communication in intensive care units on patient outcomes, such as length of hospital stay and mortality.

Physician-patient relations: current studies and hotspot analysis using PubMed database

Objective To retrieve literature on physician-patients relations for analysis of current studies and hotspots. Methods Papers on physician-patient relations published from January 2013 to September 2017 were retrieved in PubMed using such key words asphysician-patient relationsandnurse-patient relationsrespectively for analysis and comparison. Bibliographies of literature on such relations were downloaded, and their publication years, journals, and countries of the journal, as well as their first authors were also analyzed. High frequency words were chosen using a new method based on Zipf′s law to identify the cut-off points of high-low frequency words in the corpus. Then the co-word matrix was formed using BICOMB2 to calculate the frequency of main key words, and a dendrogram was developed using SPSS 24.0 for clustering analysis. Results A total of 4 924 papers on physician-doctor relations were reviewed using 74 key words with occurrence higher than 31 times, and 2 145 papers on nurse-patient relations were retrieved using 41 key words with occurrence higher than 25 times. Co-word clustering analysis found six research focuses in recent five years:informed consent and ethical issues,communication barriers,trust,implementation and construction of training courses for improving the relationship between doctors and patients,hospice care, andpatient participation in shared decision-making. It also found four research focuses on nurse-patient relations:health knowledge, attitude and behavior,communication and psychological nursing,psychiatry and hospice care, andpatient centered and patient education. Conclusions Co-word clustering analysis found six research focuses in the recent five years helps understand the current situation and development trend. Key words: Physician-patient relations; Nurse-patient relations; Cluster analysis; Research focus; Bibliometrics

Beginning with the end: The experience of dying in 2018.

The article discusses the author's views about the experience of dying in 2018, and it mentions how people can plan and prepare for death by acknowledging that death may occur without notice. Advice about achieving a dignified death is provided, along with information about open and honest communication, advance care planning, and a person's preferences about dying at home or in hospice care. Palliative care is assessed, along with nurse-patient relations.

Good Relations between Nurses and Patients: Spreading the Wings of Imagination, Protecting Patients’ Souls

Objective: To ascertain a method for building good nurse-patient relations from the narratives of veteran nurses who have accumulated profound nursing experience, and to show these phenomena in model form. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted, verbatim records of the contents of the interviews produced, and qualitative analysis undertaken. Results of analysis and concepts considered important were shown in model form. Results: Veteran nurses, utilizing their nursing specialization, showed “Concern as humans,” transcending their professional specialty. This was expressed as “spreading the wings of imagination” in order to know what is important to patients, and “protecting souls” in order to defend, together with patients, what is most important to the latter. “Spreading the wings of imagination to protect patients’ souls” became the key to build good nurse-patient relations. Conclusion: Nurses with deep experience expressed building good nurse-patient relations as “spreading the wings of imagination and protecting patients’ souls.” We were able to ascertain that in nursing practice, using the sensitivity of veteran nurses, is one way of manifesting nursing conduct.

Exploring Nurse's Communicative Role in Nurse-Patient Relations: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Recognition the nurses’ communicative roles can influence quality of patient’s care. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore nurse’s role in nurse-patient relations. Methods: This study was a qualitative research in which collected data was analyzed by content analysis method. The participants were 23 nurses, patients and their families in medical and surgical wards of a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected by semi-structured interview and observation. Results: Data analysis was led to the emergence of a main conceptual category: The patient's need-based communication. This category was derived from two categories: 1) Identifying the patient’s needs; and 2) Communicative behavior in the face of the patient’s needs. "Identifying the patient’s needs" was related to "type of the patient’s problem", "patients’ inquiring about their health status" and "monitoring the patient’s health status". "Communicative behavior in the face of the patient’s needs" was composed of four subcategories: "caring attention", "informal education of the patient", "inducing calmness to the patient", and "obtaining the trust of the patient". Conclusion: The nurse’s role in relationship with patients is designed according to patients’ needs. Therefore, if the patients’ needs in clinical settings are defined and clarified appropriately, the nurse-patient relations will be enhanced and thereby the quality of care will be improved.

A tribute to Merry Scheel and her Interactional Nursing Practice Theory.

A tribute to Merry Scheel and her Interactional Nursing Practice Theory.

Comparison of cognitive attitudes to nurse's factors in the tension of nurse-patient relationship between nurses and patients

Objective To investigate and analyze cognitive similarities and differences of nurse's factors that lead to the tense nurse-patient relationship from both attitudes of nurses and patients. Methods By using the method of questionnaire, 284 nurses and 305 patients were investigated respectively in a top' three hospital of a city. Results There was a significant difference in cognitive scores of nurse's factors that lead to the tense nurse-patient relationship (P < 0.01), patients' scores were (3.90±0.47) points which were higher than (3.52±0.35) points of the nurses'. In dimensions of prioritization, both nurses and patients believed that technical ability, professional knowledge and service attitude were the main factors leading to the tense relationship between nurses and patients. While nurses held that communication ability was more important, patients held that the nurse's own personality was more important. Conclusions There are similarities and differences of attitudes to nurse's factors between nurses and patients regarding tension in nurse-patient relationship. The tense relationship between nurses and patients is affected to a great extent by nurses' professional knowledge, technical ability and service attitude. Managers should objectively evaluate and fully pay attention to cognitive similarities and differences of both sides, strengthen nurses' theoretical knowledge and clinical skills training, improve service attitude, and develop good character, in order to provide high quality nursing service for patients. Key words: Nurse-patient relations; Cognitive; Nurses; Patients; Nurse's factors

Nursing students' experiences of professional patient care encounters in a hospital unit: a systematic review protocol.

REVIEW QUESTION / OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review is to identify, appraise and synthesize the best available evidence on nursing students’ experiences of professional patient care encounters in a hospital unit. More specifically the research questions are: How do nursing students describe their experiences of professional patient care in a hospital unit? What kinds of experiences do nursing students have in professional patient care encounters? INCLUSION CRITERIA Types of participants This review will consider studies that include undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students. The range of participants includes all nursing students independently of the level of their clinical period. There will be no limitations regarding the age, gender or ethnicity of participants. Types of phenomena of interest This review will consider studies that investigate nursing students' learning experiences of professional patient care encounters where students engage with patients and provide nursing care within the basic principles of nursing care relating to the patients’ physiological and psychological needs. Studies that reflect nursing students’ comprehension of or attitudes towards nursing interventions in nurse-patient relations, e.g. bed bath, an admission interview, administration of medicine or a meeting with a terminally ill patient, will also be included. Types of contexts This review will consider studies that investigate the clinical education in any area within a hospital. Studies that consider acute intensive, chronic long-term, rehabilitation or palliative care hospital settings will be included.

Analysis of the influencing factors of nursing student-patient relationship and practice effectiveness in Yunnan province

Objective The aim of this study was to describe nursing student-patient relationship in Yunnan province, and study its influencing factors and practice effectiveness. Methods The multi-phase stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to investigate 483 internship nursing students in two first class hospitals in Yunnan province. Results Among 483 nursing students, 379 (78.5%) students belonged to facilitative relationship, 101 (20.9%) students belonged to authoritative relationship, and 3 (0.6%) students belonged to mechanistic relationship. Sociodemographic data and factors related to three type of relationship showed no statistical significance among three types of nursing students. But student's personal and professional growth, student's increased confidence and self-esteem demonstrated statistical significance among three types of nursing students. In student's personal and professional growth, students of authoritative relationship got the lowest score (3.96±0.78) compared with students of mechanistic relationship and facilitative relationship [(4.17±0.29), (4.17±0.54)],F=4.82,P<0.01. In student's increased confidence and self-esteem, no significant difference was seen. Conclusions Nursing students' perceptions of student-patient relationship are mostly facilitative. And students' personal and professional growth and confidence and self-esteem increased obviously through internship for students with facilitative student-patient relationship. Key words: Students, nursing; Nurse-patient relations; Clinical clerkship; Contextual factors

Sexuality is not a priority when disease and treatment side effects are severe: conceptions of patients with malignant blood diseases

To describe how patients with malignant blood diseases conceive the influence of chemo- or chemoimmunotherapy on sexuality, and their need of support related to this issue. Sexuality is often negatively affected in cancer patients with sex-specific diagnoses. For patients with malignant blood diseases, the research is limited with regard to the effect on sexuality. Knowledge about their need for support related to sexuality is also needed as nurses are found to often avoid this area of their responsibility. Qualitative design. Twelve patients treated for malignant blood diseases were interviewed twice. Phenomenography was used for the analysis. The analyses revealed an outcome space consisting of two main categories: 'Sexuality is overshadowed by the cancer experience' and 'No need of support but timely information might be helpful', both comprehensively related to three interrelated description categories 'Affected strength', 'Affected sexual desire' and 'Affected body image', which describe conceptions of how sexuality was affected. Patients experienced negative effects on sexual function and sexual relationship during and after treatment period due to affected strength, sexual desire and negatively body image. However, when disease and side effects were experienced as severe, thoughts and interest of sexuality were overshadowed, and the need or wish for support related to this issue was very low. It is important to note that some patients expressed that pre- or post-treatment information might have been helpful. It is acknowledged in the cancer care of today that cancer follow-up should address psychosocial support in which sexuality is an important area. Therefore, it is imperative that cancer care is organised in a patient centred way, with adequate time for nurses to provide continuity in the nurse-patient relation and supportive care also during cancer rehabilitation.