Numbers Of Classical Monocytes Research Articles

Peer support as moderator of association between socioeconomic status and low-grade inflammation in adolescents.

Individuals who grow up in low-socioeconomic status (SES) families are at an increased risk of health problems across the lifespan. Although supportive social relationships are postulated to be a protective factor for the health of these individuals, the role of friend support in adolescence is not well understood. Given that low-grade inflammation is one key biological mechanism proposed to explain links between family SES and health outcomes, we examined whether adolescents' friend support buffers the association between family SES and low-grade inflammation among adolescents. 277 dyads of adolescents (63.5% female; 39.4% White, 38.3% Black, and 32.1% Hispanic; Mage = 13.92 years) and one of their parents participated in this longitudinal study (two waves approximately 2 years apart). Parents reported family objective SES (i.e., income, savings, and education) and family subjective SES (i.e., subjective social status). Adolescents reported perceived friend support. Fasting antecubital blood was drawn from adolescents at both visits. Low-grade inflammatory activity was represented by a composite of inflammatory biomarkers and numbers of classical monocytes. Adolescents' friend support moderated the associations of family subjective SES with both the inflammation composite and classical monocyte counts across cross-sectional, longitudinal, and prospective change (only significant for the inflammation composite) analyses. Specifically, lower family subjective SES was associated with higher levels of low-grade inflammation only among adolescents lower, but not higher, in friend support. No moderation was observed for objective SES. Supportive peer relationships buffer the link between family subjective, but not objective, SES and low-grade inflammation in adolescence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Impact of Post-Transplant High-Dose Cyclophosphamide on Reconstitution in Bone Marrow Recipients

Introduction: Hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative therapy for many patients with hematologic malignancies. Occurrence of complications and mortality after allo HSCT is still high and it's strongly associated with immune reconstitution. Despite the wide-spread of Post-Transplant High-Dose Cyclophosphamide (PTCy) immune reconstitution and immunological safety of this method is still poorly understood.Aim: to evaluate immune reconstitution profile in patients who was underwent HSCT with a bone marrow as a stem cell source and with or without PTCy.Patients and methods: In National Research Center for Hematology 41patients after allogeneic HSCT were analyzed in 2 groups; patients with PTCy (n=17) and without PTCy (n=24). The total cohort had 12 males and 29 females, and had a median age of 33 years (range 19-61). All patients were diagnosed with a hematological malignancy. 14 patients were underwent myeloablative conditioning and 27 patients - non-myeloalative prior HSCT.The GVHD prophylaxis consisted of ATG-PTCy-CsA-MMF (n=10), ATG-PTCy (n=5), Mono-PTCy (n=1), ATG-CsA-MMF-MTX (n=20), CsA-MTX (n=2), ATG-CsA-MTX (n=2), CsA-MMF-MTX(n=1). The patients who only had received ATG were included on the analysis.Immune reconstitution profile was tested via serial flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood on day +14, +30, +60 and +90 after allo-HSCT. Anti-CD3 FITC, anti-CD16PE, anti-CD56 PE, anti-CD45 Per-CP-CYTM5.5, anti-CD4 PE-CyTM7, anti-CD19 APC, anti-CD8 APC-Cy7; anti-CD62L FITC (BD Biosciences, USA); anti-CD14PE, anti-CD16PE, anti-HLA-DR APC (eBiosciences, USA) were used to define white blood cell subsets.Results: Reported detailed data is presented in Table 1. In bone marrow recipients the number of CD4+- cells was significantly lower on day +14 and +30, NK-cells on day +30 and CD8+-cells on day +60 in case of using PTCy versus immunosuppression without PTCy.The number of classical monocytes on day +30 and patrol monocytes on day +30 and +90 was significantly lower in case of using PTCy versus a standard protocol.Conclusion:Lymphocyte and monocyte reconstitution was impaired for the PTCy groups in the immediate post-HSCT period but quickly recovered. The mechanism of tolerance induction with PTCy on day+ 3, + 4 is not limited only to deletion of alloreactive T-cell clones, but also affects other leukocyte subpopulations (B cells, monocytes, granulocytes). The use of PTCy on day+ 3, + 4 is an immunologically safe method for prevention of GVHD.Table 1. Short-term reconstitution in BM recipients with and without PTCy [Display omitted] DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Subpopulations of blood monocytes in patients with generalized hypoxia

The aimof the work is to establish general regularities and features of differentiation of blood monocytes into 4 subpopulations in diseases associated with circulatory and respiratory hypoxia.Materials and methods.18 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), 12 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP), 14 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 15 patients with newly diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 12 healthy donors were examined. In whole blood, we determined the relative number of different subpopulations of monocytes by flow cytometry. The results were analyzed by statistical methods.Results.It is shown that an increase in the number of classical (80.56 [77.60; 83.55]%) and the deficit of intermediate (10.38 [9.36; 11.26]%), non-classical (6.03 [5.24; 6.77]%) and transitional (2.14 [1.41; 3.92] %) monocytes in the blood is determined in patients with COPD when compared with the group of healthy donors (p< 0.05). In groups of patients with PTB and IHD, an increase in the number of intermediate monocytes (26.24 respectively [22.38; 42.88] % and 25.27 [15.78; 31.39]%) and the lack of transitional cells (1.77 [1.36; 3.74]% and 2.68 [2.63; 4.0]%) at the normal content of classical and non-classical forms of monocytes (p< 0.05) is detected. In patients with ICMP, a decrease in the number of non-classical monocytes (up to 5.05 [4.08; 6.58]%) is combined with the normal cell content of other subpopulations (p< 0.05). The interrelation between the number of classical and intermediate monocytes in patients with COPD (r= –0.63;p< 0.05), PTB (r= –0.72;p< 0.01), IHD (r= –0.59;p< 0.05), ICMP (r= –0.58;p< 0.05) was established.Conclusion.In COPD associated with generalized hypoxia, an increase in the number of classical monocytes is combined with a deficiency of their other subpopulations in the blood. In PTB and IHD, antigenic stimulation of the immune system mediates accelerated differentiation of monocytes from classical to intermediate forms with a decrease in the number of transitional cells regardless of the etiology of the disease (infectious or non-infectious) and the type of hypoxia (respiratory or circulatory).

Interleukins 4 and 6 as factors of modulation of subpopulation composition of blood monocytes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy

Aim. To evaluate the ratio of the fractions of classical, intermediate, non-classical and transitional monocytes in correlation with the concentration of interleukins 4 and 6 in the blood of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Methods. 18 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (17 men and 1 woman) aged 47-66 years with circulatory insufficiency of functional class II-III according to the classification of heart failure of the New York Heart Association, were examined. The control group included 14 healthy donors matched by gender and age to patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy without any diseases of cardiovascular system and other systems in an exacerbation stage. In blood of the patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, the relative content of classical (CD14++CD16-), intermediate (CD14++CD16+), non-classical (CD14+CD16+) and transitional (CD14+CD16-) monocytes was assessed by flow cytometry and the concentration of interleukins 4 and 6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. It was shown that the number of non-classical monocytes in the blood of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy was 2 times lower than normal (5.05 % [4.08; 6.58] and 10.07 % [9.34; 13.84], respectively, p < 0.01), as well as the concentration of interleukin-4 (0.02 pg/ml [0; 0.04] and 0.15 pg/ml [0.05; 0.65], respectively, p < 0.05). The number of classical monocytes in the blood of patients had a tendency to decrease, and the proportion of intermediate monocytes and the concentration of interleukin-6, on the contrary, were slightly higher than in healthy individuals, and were interdependent (r = 0.61; p < 0.05). The relative content of transitional monocytes in the blood was comparable with that of healthy donors. Conclusions. The subpopulation composition of blood monocytes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy is characterized by a deficiency of the fraction of non-classical monocytes with protective properties against endothelium, and interleukin-4 in the blood with a certain increase in the content of interleukin-6 and the number of intermediate cells with ability to cooperate with T-lymphocytes, which predisposes to diffuse atheromatosis of small coronary arteries and diffuse hypoxic myocardial damage in ischemic cardiomyopathy.

REGULATORY INFLUENCE OF BLOOD MONOCYTES ON THE POPULATION COMPOSITION OF GRANULOCYTES AND THE STATE OF THEIR RESPIRATORY BURST IN THE WIDESPREAD PURULENT PERITONITIS

The aim of the study was to investigate the regulatory effect of monocytes and their subpopulations on the population composition of granulocyte leukocytes and the state of their respiratory burst in widespread purulent peritonitis (WPP). The study involved 24 patients aged 30-65 with acute surgical diseases and injuries of abdominal organs complicated by WPP. As a control 25 relatively healthy people of the same age range were examined. A study of the population composition of monocytes and granulocyte leukocytes in blood was performed using a two-platform technology on the hematological analyzer Sysmex XE-5000 (Sysmex Inc., USA) and FC-500 flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA) using the Cytodiff antibody kit (Beckman Coulter, USA). A study of the monocytes number expressing HLA-DR- and CD64-receptor was performed by flow cytometry using direct immunofluorescence of whole peripheral blood. The respiratory burst state of neutrophilic granulocytes was studied by chemiluminescence analysis on a 36-channel chemiluminescence analyzer BLM-3607 (MedBioTech, Russia). As indicators of chemiluminescence were used luminol and lucigenin. The enhancement of chemiluminescence induced by zymosan was evaluated by the ratio of the area of the induced chemiluminescence to the spontaneous area and was defined as the activation index. It has been established that the immune-inflammatory process in WPP is characterized by a decrease in the number of classical monocytes in the peripheral blood and an increase in the content of non-classical monocytes. In WPP in peripheral blood the level of monocytes expressing HLA-DR receptors decreases. The change in the ratio of monocytes subpopulations characterizes the increase in the role of the proinflammatory fraction in the WPP pathogenesis. Changes in the population composition of granulocytes in the blood in patients with WPP also characterize the development of an acute inflammatory process. In this case, there is a decrease in the number of basophils in the peripheral blood, which, apparently, is determined by the presence of an allergic component in WPP and, accordingly, their migration to the inflammation area. In patients with WPP activation of a respiratory burst of granulocytes of blood was detected, the intensity of which is determined by the synthesis of primary and secondary active oxygen species. The results of the correlation analysis made it possible to establish that in WPP the regulatory role of non-classical monocytes increases aimed at stimulating the inflammatory processes (an increase in the number of mature and immature forms of neutrophils and stimulation of the activity of a respiratory explosion of granulocytes). The revealed features of the regulatory effect of monocytes on the population composition and the intensity of the respiratory burst of granulocytes can be used in the development of immunotherapeutic methods aimed at reducing the activity of the inflammatory process in WPP.

B cell, CD8 +T cell andgamma delta T cell infiltration alters alveolar immune cell homeostasis in HIV-infected Malawian adults.

Background: HIV infection is associated with increased risk to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). However, the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung is not well defined. We sought to comprehensively characterise the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung. Methods: Twenty HIV-uninfected controls and 17 HIV-1 infected ART-naïve adults were recruited from Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi. Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte and myeloid cell populations was done on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood cells. Results: We found that the numbers of CD8 + T cells, B cells and gamma delta T cells were higher in BAL fluid of HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in the numbers of alveolar CD4 + T cells in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (p=0.7065). Intermediate monocytes were the predominant monocyte subset in BAL fluid (HIV-, 63%; HIV+ 81%), while the numbers of classical monocytes was lower in HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected adults (1 × 10 5 vs. 2.8 × 10 5 cells/100ml of BAL fluid, p=0.0001). The proportions of alveolar macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells was lower in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). Conclusions: Chronic HIV infection is associated with broad alteration of immune cell populations in the lung, but does not lead to massive depletion of alveolar CD4 + T cells. Disruption of alveolar immune cell homeostasis likely explains in part the susceptibility for LRTIs in HIV-infected adults.

Monocyte subsets and their phenotypes during treatment with BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors for Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia.

BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective agents in the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia. However, vascular events have developed in some patients receiving each TKI. The perturbation of circulating monocyte subsets and their expressions of chemokine and scavenger receptors are associated with the development of cardiovascular events. Here, we examined the subsets of circulating monocytes and their phenotypes in 51 patients treated with imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib, and 11 healthy subjects in our institute. Except for a negative association between the number of classical monocytes and imatinib treatment, the proportions and numbers of monocyte subsets were not significantly associated with TKI treatment. However, chemokine receptors, CCR2, CX3CR1 on classical monocytes, and scavenger receptor, CD204, on intermediate and non-classical monocytes were significantly associated with TKIs. These data demonstrated the relationships between alterations of chemokine and scavenger receptors on different monocyte subsets and the TKI treatments.

B cell, CD8 + T cell andgamma delta T cell lymphocytic alveolitis alters alveolar immune cell homeostasis in HIV-infected Malawian adults.

Background: HIV infection is associated with increased risk to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). However, the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung is not well defined. We sought to comprehensively characterise the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung. Methods: Twenty HIV-uninfected controls and 17 HIV-1 infected ART-naïve adults were recruited from Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi. Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte and myeloid cell populations was done on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood cells. Results: We found that the numbers of CD8 + T cells, B cells and gamma delta T cells were higher in BAL fluid of HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in the numbers of alveolar CD4 + T cells in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (p=0.7065). Intermediate monocytes were the predominant monocyte subset in BAL fluid (HIV-, 63%; HIV+ 81%), while the numbers of classical monocytes was lower in HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected adults (p=0.0006). The proportions of alveolar macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells was lower in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). Conclusions: Chronic HIV infection is associated with broad alteration of immune cell populations in the lung, but does not lead to massive depletion of alveolar CD4 + T cells. Disruption of alveolar immune cell homeostasis likely explains in part the susceptibility for LRTIs in HIV-infected adults.

B cell, CD8 + T cell and gamma delta T cell infiltration alters alveolar immune cell homeostasis in HIV-infected Malawian adults

Background: HIV infection is associated with increased risk to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). However, the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung is not well defined. We sought to comprehensively characterise the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung. Methods: Twenty HIV-uninfected controls and 17 HIV-1 infected ART-naïve adults were recruited from Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi. Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte and myeloid cell populations was done on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood cells. Results: We found that the numbers of CD8 + T cells, B cells and gamma delta T cells were higher in BAL fluid of HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in the numbers of alveolar CD4 + T cells in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (p=0.7065). Intermediate monocytes were the predominant monocyte subset in BAL fluid (HIV-, 63%; HIV+ 81%), while the numbers of classical monocytes was lower in HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected adults (1 × 10 5 vs. 2.8 × 10 5 cells/100ml of BAL fluid, p=0.0001). The proportions of alveolar macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells was lower in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p<0.05). Conclusions: Chronic HIV infection is associated with broad alteration of immune cell populations in the lung, but does not lead to massive depletion of alveolar CD4 + T cells. Disruption of alveolar immune cell homeostasis likely explains in part the susceptibility for LRTIs in HIV-infected adults.

B cell, CD8+ T cell and gamma delta T cell lymphocytic alveolitis alters alveolar immune cell homeostasis in HIV-infected Malawian adults

Background: HIV infection is associated with increased risk to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). However, the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung is not well defined. We sought to comprehensively characterise the impact of HIV infection on immune cell populations in the lung.Methods: Twenty HIV-uninfected controls and 17 HIV-1 infected ART-naïve adults were recruited from Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi. Immunophenotyping of lymphocyte and myeloid cell populations was done on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood cells.Results: We found that the numbers of CD8+T cells, B cells and gamma delta T cells were higher in BAL fluid of HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p&lt;0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in the numbers of alveolar CD4+T cells in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (p=0.7065). Intermediate monocytes were the predominant monocyte subset in BAL fluid (HIV-, 63%; HIV+ 81%), while the numbers of classical monocytes was lower in HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected adults (p=0.0006). The proportions of alveolar macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells was lower in HIV-infected adults compared to HIV-uninfected controls (all p&lt;0.05).Conclusions: Chronic HIV infection is associated with broad alteration of immune cell populations in the lung, but does not lead to massive depletion of alveolar CD4+T cells. Disruption of alveolar immune cell homeostasis likely explains in part the susceptibility for LRTIs in HIV-infected adults.

Impaired myocardial perfusion on CMR is associated with increased numbers of classical monocytes in STEMI patients treated by primary PCI

tertile) compared to low numbers (lower tertile) of CM (mean relative upslope in upper tertile 7.5 versus mid tertile 5.8 versus lower tertile 5.2, p=0.014). Also, patients with high numbers of CM had a larger infarct size (9.17 vs. 6.51 vs. 3.89 g/m 2 , p<0.001), more segments with microvascular obstruction at LGE (15.9 vs. 8.2 vs. 2.2% of segments, p=0.001), and greater impairment of ejection fraction (37.0 vs. 42.0 vs. 46.5%, p=0.001) than patients with low numbers of CM. No such relations were found for NCM. Figure 1.