Number Of Vehicles In Queue Research Articles

Lane Choice Behavior at Toll Plaza Under Mixed Traffic Conditions Using TODIM Method: A Case Study

The main objective of the present study is to prepare an algorithm for the choice of lane causing minimum delay based on drivers’ perception using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method. The TODIM (Portuguese acronym for Interactive Multi-Criteria Decision-Making) is based on the prospect theory. The effect of human behavior on lane choice at toll plaza is studied using the user perception survey. The data required is collected by pictorial survey at the toll plaza, nearby petrol pumps, and hotels. The pictorial survey includes the scenarios to understand the lane choice based on the user preferences about the vehicle composition, number of vehicles in queue, and lane changes. In the case of toll plazas, toll lanes are the alternatives, and vehicle composition of toll lanes, number of vehicles in the queue, and number of lane changes required to choose the target lane are all different criteria. A vehicle entering the toll area has to take care of all the available conditions and select an alternative to minimize the delay. The TODIM method requires the weightage matrix of the criteria, which is obtained using the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). It is seen that the number of vehicles in the queue has the highest weightage followed by the proportion of heavy vehicles. These are the prime factors affecting the lane choice behavior at the toll plaza. The algorithm can be further used to predict the best alternative for the emerging vehicle, which will help to minimize its delay.

Agent-Based Optimization for Multiple Signalized Intersections using Q-Learning

Relieving urban traffic congestion has always been an urgent call in a dynamic traffic network. The objective of this research is to control the traffic flow within a traffic network consists of multiple signalized intersections with traffic ramp. The massive traffic network problem is dealt through Q-learning actuated traffic signalization (QLTS), where the traffic phases will be monitored as immediate actions can be taken during congestion to minimize the number of vehicles in queue. QLTS is tested under two cases and has better performance than common fixed-time traffic signalization (FTS). When dealing with the ramp flow, QLTS has flexibility to change the traffic signals according to the traffic conditions and necessity.

Intersection Congestion Analysis Based on Cellular Activity Data

Intersections are the key joint points on arterials in urban transportation networks. Congestions at intersection areas significantly degrade human travel efficiency. Therefore, analyzing congestion and exploring congestion detection technologies to mitigate intersection congestions is important for intelligent transportation systems. This paper proposed the space mean speed calculation method at intersection related areas and explored the relationship between space mean speed and the number of cellular activities around the examined intersections. The number of vehicles in queue in each traffic signal phase-cycle at signalized intersections in Taicang city of China was counted from videos to verify the effectiveness of our proposed space mean speed calculation method. The results showed that our proposed calculation method of space mean speed at intersection areas were effective in describing traffic status. The investigated relationship between space mean speed and the number of cellular activities indicated that the number of cellular activities near intersections was a promising indicator for congestion detection.

Coordinated control method of intersection traffic light in one-way road based on V2X

One-way roads have potential for improving vehicle speed and reducing traffic delay. Suffering from dense road network, most of adjacent intersections' distance on one-way roads becomes relatively close, which makes isolated control of intersections inefficient in this scene. Thus, it is significant to develop coordinated control of multiple intersection signals on the one-way roads. This paper proposes a signal coordination control method that is suitable for one-way arterial roads. This method uses the cooperation technology of the vehicle infrastructure to collect intersection traffic information and share information among the intersections. Adaptive signal control system is adopted for each intersection in the coordination system, and the green light time is adjusted in real time based on the number of vehicles in queue. The offset and clearance time can be calculated according to the real-time traffic volume. The proposed method was verified with simulation results by VISSiM traffic simulation software. The results compared with other methods show that the coordinated control method proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the average delay of vehicles on the arterial roads and improve the traffic efficiency.

A. Perencanaan Optimal Jumlah Petugas Pada Gerbang Tol Kuningan 2 Dengan Metode Antrian

ABSTRACTION
 
 PT Jasa Marga (Persero), Tbk is a company engaged in the development and movement of toll roads having a Current, Safe and Comfortable Quality Policy increasingly demanded to improve the quality of its services. The number of substations that have been repaired at the Kuningan Toll Gate 2 against 4 substations cannot receive currents that increase during rush hour. The queue exceeds the service standards set by the government for a maximum of 5 vehicles for each substation.
 In this study used the FIFO Queue Model and Distribution testing using the Promodel 7.0 Version of Student Software to find out the distribution of arrival rate and service level data. To test the average value is used the One-way ANOVA test which was previously carried out also the test of adequacy, uniformity and normality of the data. Data collection is taken when a long queue is carried out at the Toll Gate. After passing the test, the next data ? is equal to 2,004 vehicles / hour and ? is = 417 vehicles / hour with Service Time = 8.63 seconds / vehicle, if it is done with Queuing Theory.
 Results Processing data with queuing theory obtained N (optimal) = 6 and n (Number of vehicles in the system) = 5 vehicles, q (Number of vehicles in queue) = 4 vehicles, d (Time of vehicle in system) = 43.37 seconds, w (Time of vehicle in queue) = 34.74 seconds. The results of data preparation are further processed to obtain optimal Employee Scheduling using tables so that there will be 3 employees in shift 1, 9 in Shift 2 and 2 in shift 3. on weekdays and 3 people on shift 1, 3 on Shift 2 and 2 on shift 3 on holidays.
 Keywords: Queue Method, Toll Gate, Planning, Optimization 

도로터널의 제연용량 산정을 위한 정체차량대수 산정기법에 관한 연구 - 정체길이를 중심으로

터널 화재시 정체차량에 의한 정체길이가 터널연장을 초과할 경우, 환기저항의 증가에 따른 제연설비 용량의 증가가 발생하게 된다. 그러나 현행 방재지침에는 정체길이에 대한 정의가 없기 때문에 합리적 산출식의 제시가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 터널 화재시 정체차량 대수에 의한 정체길이의 산정식을 제시하고, 터널연장별 적용성 분석을 수행하였다. 일반적인 터널의 경우, 화재시 정체길이의 과도한 적용을 방지하기 위해서는 터널연장 1,200 m 까지는 정체길이와 터널연장과의 상호비교가 필요한 것으로 분석되었고, 모델터널에 대한 적용성 평가결과 제연용 제트팬의 절감효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 더불어 정체길이의 판별여부를 대형차혼입률과 터널연장의 관계로 설명할 수 있는 정량화 선도를 제시하였다. 결과적으로 제연설비 용량결정시, 정체차량에 의한 정체길이가 터널연장을 초과하는 경우에는 터널연장을 초과하는 차량대수는 차량에 의한 환기저항 산정에서 제외하는 것이 타당한 것으로 분석된다. When the queue length of congestion vehicles in tunnel fire is extended beyond tunnel length, the capacity of smoke control system needs to be increased in line with ventilation resistance. However, the vehicle queue length is not defined, so a rational equation is necessary in current fire prevention guideline. This study is intended to propose an equation to calculate the queue length considering the number of vehicles in queue in tunnel fire and evaluate the applicability by tunnel length as well. When it comes to normal tunnel, it is necessary to compare the vehicle queue length with tunnel length up to the length of 1,200 m in a bid to avoid applying the vehicle queue length excessively in case of fire. As a result of evaluation of applicability to model a tunnel, saving the number of jet fan for smoke control appeared to be effective. Besides, quantitative approach to explain the vehicle queue length through the relationship between the percentage of large vehicles and tunnel length was presented. Consequently, when the queue length of the congestion vehicles exceeds the tunnel length in determining the capacity of smoke control system in case of fire, the number of vehicles beyond the tunnel length needs to be excluded from estimating the ventilation resistance by vehicles.

Model-Based Approach for Queue and Delay Estimation at Signalized Intersections with Erroneous Automated Data

AbstractA model-based scheme has been developed in this paper to estimate the number of vehicles in queue and the total delay, which are typical measures for characterizing a signalized intersection. The estimation was first carried out by using the input-output and queue accumulation polygon methods. These were evaluated by using data from two instrumented intersections in the city of Lincoln, Nebraska. However, the estimates did not agree well with the actual data primarily because of the errors in counts obtained from the automated detectors. Hence, an analysis of the characteristics of the errors was carried out. A model-based estimation approach using the Kalman filter was then developed. Suitable modifications were further applied to the estimation process by incorporating calibration constants for particular site/traffic conditions in the Kalman filter estimation scheme. The results obtained were promising, indicating that the scheme could be used for performance analysis of signalized intersection...

The Dynamics and the Uncertainty of Queues at Fixed and Actuated Controls: A Probabilistic Approach

The queue process at controlled junctions plays a fundamental role in many transportation problems, and they are a main determinant of the variability of traffic. Despite the large number of queue models developed in the last 50 years, there is a need for insight into the dynamic and stochastic behavior of traffic at controlled junctions. The existing models are often developed under heuristic, simplifying assumptions, which limit their application validity and interpretation opportunities. This article aims to fill this gap by formulating the queue process as probabilistic. This is done both at fixed and at vehicle actuated controls. Assuming a certain distribution of arrivals and departures one can calculate the probability distribution of queues at fixed control signals. Even if these distributions are assumed stationary, the probability of observing a number of vehicles in queue has a dynamic character. Vehicle actuated controls are in principle designed to adapt the duration of green times according to this dynamic process. By doing that, signal times become dynamic stochastic variables, thus vehicle delays and queues are still random processes in these systems. In this article we compare the performance of these two control types in view of network reliability. The models developed in this research are simple and require small computation times, and they are shown to be consistent with the more elaborate models used in microscopic simulation programs.

Simple, Generalized Method for Analysis of Traffic Queue Upstream of a Bottleneck

An approach is generalized for enhancing a standard input-output diagram to represent graphically the time and distance that vehicles spend in a queue upstream of a bottleneck. The approach requires the construction of a curve depicting the cumulative number of vehicles to have reached the back of the queue as a function of time. The original technique, described in a previous paper, is reviewed for bottlenecks with constant capacity and for those where capacity changes once. The approach is then generalized to allow multiple changes in bottleneck capacity, and the original assumption of a triangular flow-density ( q-k) relation is relaxed to one that is piecewise-linear concave. Although it is consistent with the kinematic wave theory of traffic flow, the proposed approach is simpler to apply to complex problems because it avoids the laborious construction of a time-space diagram. It allows the estimation of several measures required in the evaluation of the impacts of bottlenecks, including the (accurate) number of vehicles in queue and the physical extents of queues at any time and the total time spent by vehicles in different traffic states.