Number Of Triadic Patent Families Research Articles

AN ALTERNATIVE MODELING OF THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF COMPANIES

Modern economic conditions require the testing and introduction of new methods to find ways to achieve a prolonged effect in terms of ownership and investment attractiveness. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological tasks regarding ways to maximize the investment attractiveness of companies, using external search information about the state of innovation potential of companies with different levels of economic development and the selection of logically justified descriptors of influence.We have defined the principles of the author's concept - Unified concept of building innovation potential - (UKDIP), the essence of which is to find unified ways to increase the innovative potential of business entities, at the expense of descriptors of the state of the innovation sector (gross domestic expenditure on R&D, the number of researchers, the number of government researchers, number of triadic patent families). We confirmed the relationship between the meta-factors of innovation using the foundations of the implicit theory. Using the clustering method, we have formed 4 latent clusters with varying degrees of investment attractiveness. The approach defined by us can serve as one of the options for effective methods of researching the influence of factors that contribute to the growth of the innovative potential of individual companies and, consequently, the national economy as a whole.

Identifying grey-rhino in eminent technologies via patent analysis

Abstract Purpose Following the typical features of the grey-rhino event as predictability and profound influence, we attempt to find a special pattern called the grey-rhino in eminent technologies via patent analysis. Design/methodology/approach We propose to combine triadic patent families and technology life cycle to define the grey-rhino model. Firstly, we design the indicator rhino-index Rh = ST/SP and descriptor sequence {Rh}, where ST and SP are the accumulative number of triadic patent families and all patent families respectively for a specific technology. Secondly, according to the two typical features of the grey-rhino event, a grey-rhino is defined as a technology that meets both qualitative and quantitative conditions. Qualitatively, this technology has a profound influence. Quantitatively, in the emerging stage, Rh ≥ Rae, where Rae is the average level of the proportion of triadic patent families. Finally, this model is verified in three datasets, namely Encyclopedia Britannica's list for the greatest inventions (EB technologies for short), MIT breakthrough technologies (MIT technologies) and Derwent Manual Code technologies (MAN technologies). Findings The result shows that there are 64.71% EB technologies and 50.00% MIT technologies meeting the quantitative standard of the grey-rhino model, but only 14.71% MAN technologies fit the quantitative standard. This falling trend indicates the quantitative standard of the grey-rhino model is reasonable. EB technologies and MIT technologies have profound influence on society, which means they satisfy the qualitative standard of the grey-rhino model. Hence, 64.71% EB technologies and 50.00% MIT technologies are grey-rhinos. In 14.71% MAN technologies meeting the quantitative standard, we make some qualitative judgments and deem U11-A01A, U12-A01A1A, and W01-A01A as grey-rhino technologies. In addition, grey-rhinos and non-grey-rhinos have some differences. Rh values of grey-rhinos have a downward trend, while Rh values of non-grey-rhinos have a contrary trend. Rh values of grey-rhinos are scattered relatively in the early stage and centralize gradually, but non-grey-rhinos do not have this feature. Research limitations There are four main limitations. First, if a technology satisfies the quantitative standard of the model, it is likely to be a grey-rhino but expert judgments are necessary. Second, we don’t know why it will be eminent, which involves technical contents. Thirdly, we did not consider the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) and the German Patent and Trademark Office (DPMA) which also play important roles in worldwide patents, so we hope to expand our study to the CNIPA and the DPMA. Furthermore, we did not compare the rhino-index with other patent indicators. Practical implications If a technology meets the quantitative standard, this can be seen as early warning signals and the technology may become a grey-rhino in the future, which can catch people's attention in the emerging stage and make people seize the technical opportunity early. Originality/value We define and verify a new pattern called the grey-rhino model in eminent technologies.

The impact of innovation and technology investments on carbon emissions in selected organisation for economic Co-operation and development countries

Countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) are among those with the highest level of carbon emissions in the world. Following negotiations, OECD members resolved to heighten and support innovation and technology investments in the public and private sectors aimed at reducing carbon emissions. This study conducted a system-Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) analysis to investigate how innovation and technology investments influence carbon emissions in selected OECD economies from 2000 to 2014. Using data from the OECD database and the World Development Indicators (World Bank database), it employed four proxies of innovation and technology investments, namely, renewable energy consumption, the number of researchers, spending on research and development and the number of triadic patent families. The results indicated that, after applying the dynamic model and controlling for endogeneity, renewable energy consumption and spending on research and development have a statistically significant negative relationship with carbon emissions. The number of triadic patent families illustrates a positive and significant relationship with carbon emissions, but in the case of the number of researchers, the relationship was positive but not significant. Overall, this suggests that innovation and technology investments in these countries affect emissions differently and still have the potential to reduce environmental quality. It is concluded that ensuring that patents include natural environmental standard specifications and that researchers are better equipped with green skills and knowledge would enhance the achievement of zero-emission targets.

Defining triadic patent families as a measure of technological strength

A frequently used indicator for assessing technological strengths of nations are patents registered in the triad region, i.e. in North America, Europe, and Asia. Currently these so-called triadic patents are defined as filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the European Patent Office (EPO), and the Japanese Patent Office (JPO). Recent developments suggested that this definition might lack adequacy regarding the offices in Europe and Asia. Our findings propose that in particular Germany and China should be added to this triad definition since in some technology fields patents registered in these countries show the same citation impact as patents registered at the EPO or JPO. Our results also underline that the number of triadic patent families per country is a function of technological specialization and (national) patenting strategies.