Number Of Special Interest Groups Research Articles

SHOULD CALIFORNIA'S PUBLIC POLICY ON JUDICIAL NON-JURISDICTION OVER GAMBLING DEBTS BE REVISITED? BREAKING DOWN THE KELLY AND POSTLE DECISIONS

SHOULD CALIFORNIA'S PUBLIC POLICY ON JUDICIAL NON-JURISDICTION OVER GAMBLING DEBTS BE REVISITED? BREAKING DOWN THE <i>KELLY</i> AND <i>POSTLE</i> DECISIONS

Gandhi, Ambedkar and British policy on the communal award

It has now become a fashion among many historians, notably from the West, to denounce Gandhi’s fast and the Poona Pact of 1932 as a great betrayal of the ‘Untouchables’. This view essentially overlooks the constant effort of British imperialism to divide the Indian people into a number of special-interest groups at loggerheads with each other and so weaken the National Movement. This paper weighs the critics’ assertions in the light of the British Government’s own statements and those of the leaders of the Depressed Castes. It is also forgotten that the Poona Pact greatly increased Depressed Castes’ representation; and that no separate electorates have been ever established in Western democracies to avoid majoritarian rule.

President's page

EDITOR'S SUMMARYASIS&amp;T continues to set new directions with a modernized and reorganized website, option for members to join unlimited number of special interest groups without additional fees and updated online bookstore to come. The Association's self‐evaluation also continues in efforts to position itself for enhanced and extended success, for members and within the information community. The Strategic Planning Task Force has completed data collection through focus groups and surveys with a diverse group of members and nonmembers from three continents and is analyzing the membership database. The group's goal is to address members' changing needs, assess the benefits of membership, better balance the needs of academics and practitioners, promote internal communications and improve awareness of the Association. A draft of priorities and plans will be complete by the 2015 Annual Meeting. Thanks are extended to all who have participated in the process and provided thoughts and suggestions.

Towards consensus: history of the Australian Veterinary Association to 2000.

From its earliest beginnings in Australia in the latter part of the 19th century, the veterinary profession has striven to achieve a national voice. Well-known veterinarians were involved in the eventual establishment of the Australian Veterinary Association (AVA) in 1921. Today, all states are represented and the AVA has close contact with state and federal governments, and producer organisations. With the growth in the number of special interest groups, the AVA more than ever provides unity in diversity in order to fulfil its mission to promote the profession for the benefit of animals, the environment and the community.

Special Interest Group Formation in the United States: Do Special Interest Groups Mirror the Success of their Spatial Neighbors?

Special interest groups exert a great deal of influence over political outcomes in the United States. Understanding the determining factors for the formation of special interest groups is important. However, the literature has excluded the role of spatial neighbors. This article employs spatial econometric techniques to discriminately analyze the factors determining the number of special interest groups in a state. While geographic location is not a factor, gross state product, state general expenditures, union membership, and the percentage of manufacturing employment relationships between states are crucial in the formation of special interest groups across states.

Critical mass and willingness to pay for social networks

Disagreement surrounds a formal definition of ‘critical mass’ and of the economic willingness to pay for membership in a social network. Our paper adapts work from percolation theory to analyze the structure of social networks, and draws an analogy for critical mass in social networks to the concept of phase changes in materials. We show how network growth can be actively managed, and define how to manage the willingness to pay for membership. We show, if achieving a critical mass of members in a social network is our objective, that prior to achieving critical mass, (1) the probability of accepting an invitation must vary inversely with individuals’ breadth of contacts; and (2) the number of special interest groups of any size will decrease following a power law until immediately below critical mass. Targeted invitations enabled through sophisticated programs such as AdWords and IndexTools can help to actively maximize the probability of forming an acquaintance link. Our model defines a willingness to pay for network membership that is nearly zero below critical mass, and is an involved function above critical mass whose shape appears to be close to a logarithmic function. Our robust measure of the connectedness of members of a particular social network yields values that are consistent with the independently developed metrics of Odlyzko and Tilly [Odlyzko, A., and Tilly, B. A refutation of Metcalfe’s Law and a better estimate for the value of networks and network interconnections, 2005 (downloaded from http://www.dtc.umn.edu/~odlyzko July 3, 2008)], and differ from eponymous ‘laws’ of Sarnoff, Metcalfe and Reed. There also appears to be plausible evidence in support of the market actually pricing networks at values close to Odlyzko and Tilly’s estimates.

Psychotropic Medications and Informed Consent: A Review

There is increasing concern about the safety of various psychotropic medications within the scientific community, as evidenced by the number of black-box warnings issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and "Dear Doctor" letters sent by pharmaceutical companies. Health-care providers need to be mindful of the increasing ethical, legal, and financial risks associated with prescribing these medications. The English language literature was searched using Medline and the Internet using relevant terms such as "black-box warning," "malpractice," "off-label prescribing," "informed consent," "medications and pregnancy," and with specific medication names, and appropriate articles and information were selected. Essential elements of obtaining informed consent when prescribing psychotropic medications to patients who are presumed to have capacity to make decisions regarding their health care are reviewed. In addition, specific concerns vis-a-vis use of psychotropics during pregnancy, off-lable use, and combining medications are discussed. Finally, ten essentials of informed consent are noted, with a focus on practicing good medicine and avoiding malpractice law suits. There are an ever increasing number of special interest groups and legal firms lining up against psychiatry and psychiatrists, especially when it comes to prescribing "powerful, potentially dangerous, mind-altering, psychotropic medications." Obtaining informed consent has always been important, but never more so than now.

Enhancing geophysical best practices with open standards

Energistics, formerly known as the Petrotechnical Open Standards Consortium (POSC), is a not-for-profit membership organization with 80 current members representing all segments of the upstream oil and gas industry, as well as government agencies, industry associations, and academia. Upstream exploration and production (EP EP reference data standards; and XML exchange standards, design guidelines and profiles, the most prominent of which are WITSML and PRODML. Members participate in a number of Special Interest Groups (SIGs) whose efforts are concentrated around drilling, production, data management, regulatory, geophysics, and other relevant areas of interest.

Physiological Society Symposium — Vagal Control: From Axolotl to Man

Experimental PhysiologyVolume 86, Issue 6 p. 769-769 Free Access Physiological Society Symposium — Vagal Control: From Axolotl to Man Stuart Egginton, Stuart Egginton Convenor, Comparative Special Interest GroupSearch for more papers by this authorTeresa Thomas, Teresa Thomas Convenor, Cardiovascular/Respiratory Control Special Interest GroupSearch for more papers by this author Stuart Egginton, Stuart Egginton Convenor, Comparative Special Interest GroupSearch for more papers by this authorTeresa Thomas, Teresa Thomas Convenor, Cardiovascular/Respiratory Control Special Interest GroupSearch for more papers by this author First published: 04 April 2005 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-445X.2001.tb00042.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume86, Issue6November 2001Pages 769-769 RelatedInformation

A Constitutional Duty to Negotiate Amendments:Reference Re Secession of Quebec

In the aftermath of the 1995 referendum on Quebec unilateral secession,1the then Minister of Justice, Allan Rock, proposed that the legality of a province's attempting to secede unilaterally be referred to the Supreme Court of Canada for a judicial opinion, pursuant to that Court's special advisory jurisdiction.2Accordingly, on 30 September 1996, the Governor General in Council submitted three questions of law, discussed in detail below, concerning the legal authority of Quebec, under both Canadian and international law, to secede from the Canadian federation. In addition to the government of Canada, two provinces, the two territories, and a number of special interest groups and individuals (all given leave to intervene) submitted written arguments and rejoinders over the course of 1997.3The government of Quebec did not participate in the hearing and submitted no argument. Accordingly, the Court appointed an (from Quebec) to represent the secessionist interest. The Court heard argument from 16 to 19 February 1998. On 20 August 1998 the Court released its unanimous opinion, rather earlier than expected.4The Court rejected the legal right of Quebec to separate unilaterally under Canadian constitutional law, and the right to do so under international law as recognised in Canada. Given the latter holding, the Court did not consider further the third question relating to reconciling a possible conflict between the two legal orders. The following extended case comment proposes to outline and discuss briefly the reasoning of the Court, in what is a significant exercise of judicial power in the service of constitutional affairs. The structure of this comment will follow that of the Court's resaoning, dealing first with a preliminary objection, then turninh to question 1(introduction and discussion) and then to Question 2 and 3.5

Review Essay: The Limits of Neoclassical Institutionalism

The following were some of the most striking economic developments during the postwar period: Japan and West Germany catching up with the US, the Sunbelt taking the place of the north-eastern Frostbelt as the dynamic centre of US economic development, and the experience of stagflation and austerity policies in most western nations. In The Rise and Decline of Nations, Mancur Olson tries to tackle such con temporary problems of unequal development. His basic argument is that during periods of stability and peace, modern nations accumulate a large number of special interest groups, which increasingly block economic growth. His approach is inter-disciplinary and comparative, with a focus on institutional forces. Such institutionalism seems to be just the right cure to help contemporary mainstream economics out of its postwar blind alley of rigid abstractionism. This review, however, argues that Olson goes only half-way. His particular kind of institutionalism — which is in line with recent neo-classical 'public choice' traditions — retains too much of conventional economic thinking to be able to exploit fully the potentials of an inter- disciplinary and comparative approach.