Number Of Processing Plants Research Articles

Organic payments as a form of support for organic agriculture in Poland

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to conduct empirical research which contributes to determining the interest in enjoying organic payments made to farmers under the “Rural Areas Development Program” in the area of the Framework Action Plan for Organic Food and Farming in Poland. Research method – The method of a literature review and analysis coupled with statistical analysis based on the calculation of structure, dynamics and correlation indicators were used in the work. The dynamics of organic payments received by farmers during the period 2014-2018 was assessed. A comparison was also made of the value of organic farming payments with budget expenditure on agriculture in Poland. Results – The obtained correlation coefficients were utilised to assess the relationship between the expenditure under the program and the expenditure of the state budget on agriculture. The correlation coefficient calculated for the number of beneficiaries and the value of ecological payments is 0.17201. The correlation coefficient for the value of organic payments and the value of budget expenditure on agriculture and hunting is -0.3406167. Originality /value/ implications /recommendations – An attempt was made to evaluate the role of organic payments in Poland as a form of motivating farmers to undertake organic production. Since 2014, the number of organic processing plants has increased by 88%. The decrease in the number of producers and increase in the number of processing plants may indicate a change in the structure of the supply chain in the area of organic food.

ORGANIC FARMING IN POLAND IN THE LIGHT OF MULTIVARIATE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Organic farming is an environmentally-friendly production system, which has been dynamically developing since 2004. The study attempts to conduct a spatial assessment of the development of this management method. The analysis covered data at the level of voivodships, originating from GIJHARS1 and from the Central Statistical Office (GUS) from 2014, concerning producers respecting the production in the environmentally-friendly system. They include characteristics such as: average surface area, proportion of the area of arable lands, number of processing plants, production volume of: milk, cereals, vegetables, and fruit. The analysis uses the method of linear ordering of a set of objects, based on the created synthetic variable. The results of the study suggest that Polish voivodships are generally characterised by an average or low level of development of organic farming. A positive phenomenon is observed in the fact that organic farming develops in voivodships with a more fragmented agrarian structure.

Analysis and assessment of the Russian oil industry

The article presents the analysis and assessment of one of the leading sector of Russian industry in the last 3–5 years, reviews its strengths and drawbacks. The requirements of modern international economic conditions indicate the need for production improvement, and are especially relevant when conducting a policy of import substitution. For implementation of this task some current criteria for a successful development of the industry that are common to many developed countries have been identified. These criteria are the quality of the produced fuel, the intensity of crude oil refining, the ratio between the number of processing plants in the country and the volume of oil production, industry infrastructure, as well as the attracting of external capital and the main directions of investment flows. To determine the effectiveness of functioning indicators in developed and developing countries, the development trends in the direction of financial flows in the sector, including the amount of funds and the peculiarities of processes designed to update the technical park have been identified. The data were taken from official domestic and foreign sources. The possible future path of growth affecting the basic concepts for qualitative development of the refining sector of the economy are described. The urgency to apply the state industrial policy is grounded.

Effective monitoring for ractopamine residues in samples of animal origin by SPR biosensor and mass spectrometry

Ractopamine (RCT) is a member of the β-2-agonist (β-agonist) family. It is licensed for use as an animal growth promoter in more than 20 countries worldwide, including the United States and Canada, but is either not licensed or prohibited by over 150 others, including those within the European Union. The issue of the use of RCT in livestock bound for human consumption has risen to prominence recently following the decision by The People's Republic of China to ban the import of pork from a number of processing plants after finding traces of RCT in shipments from the U.S.A. In order to monitor for the illegal use of such compounds within Europe, there is a requirement to have a robust and reliable testing scheme capable of the detection of low concentrations of RCT. In the present study an optical biosensor screening assay was developed. The developed assay was compared with a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) confirmatory procedure. These methods were used to study the ability to detect RCT in pigs following treatment. Both testing procedures were capable of detecting low μg kg −1 concentrations of the drug in urine and liver. Liver was found to be a less suitable sample matrix, with RCT residue levels being undetectable after 5 days withdrawal of the drug. Urine samples however still contained detectable RCT residues several weeks after withdrawal. The correlation (as measured by r 2) between the biosensor and LC–MS/MS methods was 0.99 and 0.97 for urine and liver samples, respectively. It is concluded that testing regimes based on RCT analysis in liver are less likely to detect illegal administration of the drug than those based on urine analysis. Urine samples provide an excellent matrix for the detection of RCT residues for an extended period post withdrawal.

Planning harvesting and marketing activities for integrated fishing firms under an enterprise allocation scheme

This paper focuses on the tactical planning problem for integrated fishing enterprises operating in Canada's Atlantic Groundfish industry. A firm with a fleet of trawlers, a number of processing plants, quasi-property rights to fish in the sea, and market requirements, must coordinate harvesting and marketing strategies which will allow it to maximize potential revenue. To achieve this, we outline a large-scale linear programming model which maximizes net revenue from product sales less fleet operating costs, subject to marketing and fleet operating constraints. The output of the multi-period linear program suggest what products and their respective volumes should be marketed, and how raw fish should be caught in order to satisfy marketing requirements. We demonstrate the planning and diagnostic potential of the linear program by solving an example problem based on data obtained from a large Atlantic seafood company.