Number Of Peacekeeping Operations Research Articles

The EU and peacekeeping in Africa: the case of AMISOM

This article engages with the main focus of cooperation between the European Union (EU) and the African Union (AU), that of peacekeeping. It will also analyse EU support for the AU Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) as one specific case study. Peacekeeping in Africa is a major topic because Africa is the most conflict-prone region in the world. In the last 20 years, the United Nations (UN), the Regional Economic Communities, the EU, ad hoc coalitions and individual states have launched a large number of peacekeeping operations in Africa. Despite some successes, there have also been significant failures and challenges. Hence, there is an ongoing debate about peacekeeping in Africa and the involvement of the EU in supporting such operations. While it is true to argue that there is a direct relationship between the EU and the AU in the form of the Joint Africa–EU Strategy (Roadmap 2014–2017), a lot of the issues addressed in this Strategy, including the focus on peace and security, are related to the UN's agenda. Thus, it is inadequate to speak solely of an EU–AU relationship. The UN is without doubt an inseparable part of this partnership and it is therefore more appropriate to speak of the AU–EU–UN nexus.

A GUIDE-POST FOR THE SECOND DECADE OF THE BULLETIN OF THE SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES

A GUIDE-POST FOR THE SECOND DECADE OF THE BULLETIN OF THE SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES

Paradigm Shift in UN Peacekeeping in the Post Cold War Era

UN has carried out 67 peacekeeping operations since 1948. Surprisingly, 54 of them have taken place since 1988. As international relations are dominated by Great Powers to analyse their attitudes through peacekeeping after 1990, it can be clearly seen how realpolitik still shapes the political world. Peacekeeping was adopted during the Cold War as a substitute for collective security and in response to the stalemate between the Permanent Members of the Security Council. In practice, UN peace operations have developed as ad hoc responses to particular crises. Therefore the key concepts of traditional peacekeeping (consent, impartiality, minimum use of force) are often interpreted differently in different missions, broadening the way in which the international community understands what a threat to international peace is. Andersson (2000) asserts that the increasing number of peacekeeping operations after 1990 was due to a change from realpolitik to idealpolitik. UN Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali reflected in his document Agenda for Peace the same universalist and communitarian approach; and has declared the commitment to the primacy of values over interests in the international community. The egoistic passions and self-interests of Great Powers who are the permanent members of Security Council have motivated the increasing number of UN peacekeeping operations after 1990. The proposed paper will try to explore such a paradigm shift in the UN Peacekeeping operation. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n9p109

Peacekeeping and the settlement of territorial disputes: Their inter‐relationship 1945–1995

This article examines the relationship between territorial disputes or disputes which have a territorial dimension, their settlement and peacekeeping both within and without the UN system over the whole period of the UN's existence, and how they are interconnected, if at all. Territorial disputes have, of course, been associated with a number of peacekeeping operations. Numerous others have been resolved (or, unfortunately, remained as disputes) without recourse to peacekeeping activities. This article attempts to assess why peacekeeping has proved useful (or, at the least, been used) in the context of certain territorial disputes and not others.

Should Japan participate in UN peacekeeping operations?

With the end of the Cold War, the UN has increased the number of peacekeeping operations that it undertakes, and many voices call for Japan's participation. Hisako Shimura, a professor in the International Affairs Department at Tsuda College, analyzes Japan's new Peace Cooperation Law, its Constitution, and the traditional principles that govern UN peacekeeping operations. Shimura finds that Japan's law contains safeguards to ensure that Japan could participate in peacekeeping missions that uphold traditional UN principles, and she also suggests that such participation would be constitutional.